Abstract
M.A.
The aim of this study is to investigate and make a critical survey of tricks, trickster
characters and trickster tales in Tswana folktales. In the introductory paragraphs a brief
definition of folklore is provided, and it is discovered that trickster tales are a component
of folktales. Various sources have been consulted in the accummulation of data and identification of tricks, trickster characters, and trickster tales. The origin of trickster characters is also investigated. Research was conducted by means of interviews, with various story tellers in Soweto, Hammanskraal and Rustenburg. This dissertation will identify trickster characters such as 'Tortoise' , 'Hare' and 'Jackal'. A variety of characters are used in folktales. In this study, characters which play a leading role and who are involved in trickery, are identified. The relationship between tricksters and duped characters is clarified. Although tricksters are small, they are heroes. They trick muscular characters. Popular trickster characters, in trickster tales, are identified. The difference between trickster tales and tales with an element of trickery, is investigated and clarified. It seems that trickery is more evident in trickster tales. Furthermore, the functions of trickster tales are studied. The functions of amusement and creativity are analysed.
Various devices applied in the execution of tricks such as transformation, illusion and
magic, are stated and lastly, the Propp/Dundes theory is applied in the analysis of
morphology of trickster tales in Tswana .