The contribution of a mega-event to the sustainable development of South African tourism
- Van Lill, Daneel, Thomas, Adèle
- Authors: Van Lill, Daneel , Thomas, Adèle
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mega-event management , Sustainable tourism , South African tourism , FIFA World Cup 2010 , Developing economies
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5864 , ISSN 1993-8233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7961
- Description: The objectives of the study were to determine the relevance and the management of the drivers that underlie the hosting of a mega-event aimed at promoting sustainable tourism development, in this case, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World CupTM that was held in South Africa in 2010. A web-based survey was constructed and 217 international academic and industry experts were invited to participate in a survey that was conducted six weeks prior to the commencement of the World Cup and one that was conducted six weeks after the ending of the event. A 24% response rate was received to the first survey and an 18% response rate to the second. Respondents regarded the strategic drivers contained within the constructs of socio-cultural, economic and environmental as relevant for the evaluation of the contribution of a mega-event to sustainable tourism development. In addition, a fourth construct viz. a managerial construct was also deemed valid in this regard. Performance related to this managerial construct indicated significant improvements against anticipated outcomes in the areas of managerial capacity development, learning optimisation, media management and achieved standards of safety and security.
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- Authors: Van Lill, Daneel , Thomas, Adèle
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mega-event management , Sustainable tourism , South African tourism , FIFA World Cup 2010 , Developing economies
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5864 , ISSN 1993-8233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7961
- Description: The objectives of the study were to determine the relevance and the management of the drivers that underlie the hosting of a mega-event aimed at promoting sustainable tourism development, in this case, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World CupTM that was held in South Africa in 2010. A web-based survey was constructed and 217 international academic and industry experts were invited to participate in a survey that was conducted six weeks prior to the commencement of the World Cup and one that was conducted six weeks after the ending of the event. A 24% response rate was received to the first survey and an 18% response rate to the second. Respondents regarded the strategic drivers contained within the constructs of socio-cultural, economic and environmental as relevant for the evaluation of the contribution of a mega-event to sustainable tourism development. In addition, a fourth construct viz. a managerial construct was also deemed valid in this regard. Performance related to this managerial construct indicated significant improvements against anticipated outcomes in the areas of managerial capacity development, learning optimisation, media management and achieved standards of safety and security.
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Towards sustainable development in small, micro and medium adventure tourism enterprises
- Authors: Chiliya, Norman
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism , Adventure travel , Small business
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/237567 , uj:24342
- Description: D.Phil. (Business Management) , Abstract: Sustainable development suggests that there are restrictions to the obtainability of ecological resources and the planet to engage human activities. Accordingly, sustainable development must bring about a process of transformation, in which utilisation of resources, the direction of investments, the direction of technological developments, and institutional change are all made compatible with future and current needs. Limited South African research exists in the field of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs. Given the brief background on sustainability and the low levels of implementation in South Africa, this study sought to determine the level of impact of environmental, social, political and economic variables on the implementation of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa. The study also investigated whether the adoption of the concept of sustainable development by SMMEs would contribute to enhanced business performance in SMMEs in South Africa. The drivers of and barriers to implementation of the concept of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa were also identified. Based on secondary sources, a hypothetical model was constructed and then subjected to empirical testing. A structured questionnaire was administered via email and hard copies, and 105 usable responses were received. The validity of the measuring instrument was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, while Cronbach’s alpha coefficients confirmed the inter-item reliability of the identified variables. Structural equation modelling (SEM) confirmatory statistical techniques were used to analyse the model fit and to determine statistically significant relationships. Two methods were used to collect data: structured questionnaires were emailed to businesses that were deemed to be potential respondents, and self-administered questionnaires were physical distributed to respondents that were within reach of the researcher. The data collected from 105 usable questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis. Using SPSS Version 22 and the Amos 22 software programme, structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to analyse the data set. It was evident from the statistical analysis (the Cronbach’s alpha values, and confirmatory factor analysis) that the variables and items (statements) in the hypothetical model can be regarded as reliable and valid. A hypothetical...
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- Authors: Chiliya, Norman
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism , Adventure travel , Small business
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/237567 , uj:24342
- Description: D.Phil. (Business Management) , Abstract: Sustainable development suggests that there are restrictions to the obtainability of ecological resources and the planet to engage human activities. Accordingly, sustainable development must bring about a process of transformation, in which utilisation of resources, the direction of investments, the direction of technological developments, and institutional change are all made compatible with future and current needs. Limited South African research exists in the field of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs. Given the brief background on sustainability and the low levels of implementation in South Africa, this study sought to determine the level of impact of environmental, social, political and economic variables on the implementation of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa. The study also investigated whether the adoption of the concept of sustainable development by SMMEs would contribute to enhanced business performance in SMMEs in South Africa. The drivers of and barriers to implementation of the concept of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa were also identified. Based on secondary sources, a hypothetical model was constructed and then subjected to empirical testing. A structured questionnaire was administered via email and hard copies, and 105 usable responses were received. The validity of the measuring instrument was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, while Cronbach’s alpha coefficients confirmed the inter-item reliability of the identified variables. Structural equation modelling (SEM) confirmatory statistical techniques were used to analyse the model fit and to determine statistically significant relationships. Two methods were used to collect data: structured questionnaires were emailed to businesses that were deemed to be potential respondents, and self-administered questionnaires were physical distributed to respondents that were within reach of the researcher. The data collected from 105 usable questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis. Using SPSS Version 22 and the Amos 22 software programme, structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to analyse the data set. It was evident from the statistical analysis (the Cronbach’s alpha values, and confirmatory factor analysis) that the variables and items (statements) in the hypothetical model can be regarded as reliable and valid. A hypothetical...
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Sustainability management and tourism impacts on communities : residents’ attitudes in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana
- Manwa, Haretsebe, Saarinen, Jarkko, Atlhopheng, Julius R., Hambira, Wame L.
- Authors: Manwa, Haretsebe , Saarinen, Jarkko , Atlhopheng, Julius R. , Hambira, Wame L.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism , Tourism impacts , Community-based tourism
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/239195 , uj:24570 , Citation: , Manwa, H. et al. 2017. Sustainability management and tourism impacts on communities : residents’ attitudes in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Volume 6(3):1-15. , ISSN: 2223-814X
- Description: Abstract: Sustainability management and especially socio-cultural sustainability of tourism is premised on community awareness, participation and deriving socio-economic benefits from tourism. The purpose of the study was to examine local awareness, attitudes and relations towards tourism operations in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana. A qualitative study informed by in-depth interviews was undertaken in two tourist destinations in Botswana, viz. Maun and Tshabong which are at different stages and scales of tourism development. Based on the study the interviewed community members from both case sites were supportive of further tourism growth and development. Interestingly, in particular, there was support for the promotion of cultural tourism which was seen as ensuring meaningful community participation in tourism development and operations. Other findings suggested that interviewees were also aware of negative impacts associated with tourism such as pollution, demonstration effects and economic leakages. The issue of poaching was of particular local concern as it was perceived against the spirit of community-based tourism.
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- Authors: Manwa, Haretsebe , Saarinen, Jarkko , Atlhopheng, Julius R. , Hambira, Wame L.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism , Tourism impacts , Community-based tourism
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/239195 , uj:24570 , Citation: , Manwa, H. et al. 2017. Sustainability management and tourism impacts on communities : residents’ attitudes in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Volume 6(3):1-15. , ISSN: 2223-814X
- Description: Abstract: Sustainability management and especially socio-cultural sustainability of tourism is premised on community awareness, participation and deriving socio-economic benefits from tourism. The purpose of the study was to examine local awareness, attitudes and relations towards tourism operations in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana. A qualitative study informed by in-depth interviews was undertaken in two tourist destinations in Botswana, viz. Maun and Tshabong which are at different stages and scales of tourism development. Based on the study the interviewed community members from both case sites were supportive of further tourism growth and development. Interestingly, in particular, there was support for the promotion of cultural tourism which was seen as ensuring meaningful community participation in tourism development and operations. Other findings suggested that interviewees were also aware of negative impacts associated with tourism such as pollution, demonstration effects and economic leakages. The issue of poaching was of particular local concern as it was perceived against the spirit of community-based tourism.
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Back to the future : challenges of European tourism of tomorrow
- Ferrer-Roca, Natàlia, Weston, Richard, Guia, Jaume, Mihalic, Tanja, Blasco, Dani, Prats, Lluís, Lawler, Mary, Jarratt, David
- Authors: Ferrer-Roca, Natàlia , Weston, Richard , Guia, Jaume , Mihalic, Tanja , Blasco, Dani , Prats, Lluís , Lawler, Mary , Jarratt, David
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: European tourism , EU policy , Sustainable tourism
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/460148 , uj:40937 , Citation: Ferrer-Roca, N. et al. 2020. Back to the future : challenges of European tourism of tomorrow. , DOI: 10.1108/JTF-10-2019-0114 , ISSN: 2055-5911
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ferrer-Roca, Natàlia , Weston, Richard , Guia, Jaume , Mihalic, Tanja , Blasco, Dani , Prats, Lluís , Lawler, Mary , Jarratt, David
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: European tourism , EU policy , Sustainable tourism
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/460148 , uj:40937 , Citation: Ferrer-Roca, N. et al. 2020. Back to the future : challenges of European tourism of tomorrow. , DOI: 10.1108/JTF-10-2019-0114 , ISSN: 2055-5911
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
The potential for geotourism at the Kruger National Park for social sustainability
- Authors: Matshusa, Khodani
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Geotourism - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Tourism - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Sustainable tourism , Community development - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Kruger National Park (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/456782 , uj:40477
- Description: Abstract: Despite the rich geological heritage encompassed within the Kruger National Park (KNP), the unemployment rate and poverty levels remain high for local communities abutting the northern part of the park. This study focused on the northern part of the KNP because no study has been conducted to identify and locate geoheritage sites and due to high unemployment rates and poverty levels in that area compared to the southern part of the park. The primary purpose of this research was to investigate and evaluate the potential for geotourism to contribute towards social sustainability and more effective local community development. Geotourism is an emerging re- search field and South Africa holds some fascinating geological heritage; however, geotourism has been under researched. Therefore, it was important to examine the potential for geotourism to effectively contribute towards local development. Consid- ering that the national government of South Africa through the National Development Plan (NDP) and National Tourism Sector Strategy (NTSS) recognises tourism as one of the growth pillars for poverty alleviation and job creation, geotourism can contribute towards this as one of the potential solutions. Social sustainability and stakeholder framework theories linked to the concept of sustainable development allowed examination of geotourism and its potential contribution to local sustainable development in the context of this study. This study used a four phased mixed re- search methodology (qualitative and quantitative) to investigate the potential for geotourism development as a secondary market to supplement the current tourism market (wildlife viewing) and to examine the geotourism potentiality to assist in ad- dressing unemployment and poverty. The first phase was a database inventory development, field ranking, evaluation and prioritisation of geoheritage sites using six indicators (geotourism value, cultural value, ecological sensitivity, accessibility, development requirements, and currently available academic literature) of 15 potential geoheritage sites. The collected field data was converted into Microsoft word and excel documents for analysis. Further- more, excel data with geographic information and values of the six indicators of 15 geoheritage sites was imported into GIS software in order to produce evaluation and prioritisation maps... , Ph.D. (Tourism and Hospitality)
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- Authors: Matshusa, Khodani
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Geotourism - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Tourism - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Sustainable tourism , Community development - South Africa - Kruger National Park , Kruger National Park (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/456782 , uj:40477
- Description: Abstract: Despite the rich geological heritage encompassed within the Kruger National Park (KNP), the unemployment rate and poverty levels remain high for local communities abutting the northern part of the park. This study focused on the northern part of the KNP because no study has been conducted to identify and locate geoheritage sites and due to high unemployment rates and poverty levels in that area compared to the southern part of the park. The primary purpose of this research was to investigate and evaluate the potential for geotourism to contribute towards social sustainability and more effective local community development. Geotourism is an emerging re- search field and South Africa holds some fascinating geological heritage; however, geotourism has been under researched. Therefore, it was important to examine the potential for geotourism to effectively contribute towards local development. Consid- ering that the national government of South Africa through the National Development Plan (NDP) and National Tourism Sector Strategy (NTSS) recognises tourism as one of the growth pillars for poverty alleviation and job creation, geotourism can contribute towards this as one of the potential solutions. Social sustainability and stakeholder framework theories linked to the concept of sustainable development allowed examination of geotourism and its potential contribution to local sustainable development in the context of this study. This study used a four phased mixed re- search methodology (qualitative and quantitative) to investigate the potential for geotourism development as a secondary market to supplement the current tourism market (wildlife viewing) and to examine the geotourism potentiality to assist in ad- dressing unemployment and poverty. The first phase was a database inventory development, field ranking, evaluation and prioritisation of geoheritage sites using six indicators (geotourism value, cultural value, ecological sensitivity, accessibility, development requirements, and currently available academic literature) of 15 potential geoheritage sites. The collected field data was converted into Microsoft word and excel documents for analysis. Further- more, excel data with geographic information and values of the six indicators of 15 geoheritage sites was imported into GIS software in order to produce evaluation and prioritisation maps... , Ph.D. (Tourism and Hospitality)
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Is being responsible sustainable in Tourism? connections and critical differences
- Authors: Saarinen, Jarkko
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Responsible tourism , Sustainable tourism , Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/483527 , uj:43886 , Citation: Saarinen, J. Is being responsible sustainable in Tourism? connections and critical differences. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6599. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126599
- Description: Abstract: Since the early 1990s, sustainability has formed a development paradigm for tourism. Recently, however, researchers and policymakers have shown considerable interest in the notion of responsibility in tourism. While responsible and sustainable tourism share many common elements, their ideological context and societal background may involve critical differences. The purpose of this review paper is to discuss the ideas of responsibility and sustainability in tourism and especially how they have emerged in tourism studies and activities, and what implications their differences may have for tourism development and its future practices and policies. Here, sustainable tourism is understood as being based on regulative structures involving multiple scales of policies and decisionmaking, while responsible tourism derives some of its core focus and practices from neoliberal governance with its emphasis on individualized and personalized behavior and decision-making. These different contextual backgrounds indicate why we should not automatically equate these two ideas in research, especially when thinking about how the growth-driven tourism industry could and should respond to global challenges in future. Furthermore, building on the structuration theory, the paper discusses how these two different approaches are often interconnected and can lead a way towards sustainable development in tourism.
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- Authors: Saarinen, Jarkko
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Responsible tourism , Sustainable tourism , Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/483527 , uj:43886 , Citation: Saarinen, J. Is being responsible sustainable in Tourism? connections and critical differences. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6599. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126599
- Description: Abstract: Since the early 1990s, sustainability has formed a development paradigm for tourism. Recently, however, researchers and policymakers have shown considerable interest in the notion of responsibility in tourism. While responsible and sustainable tourism share many common elements, their ideological context and societal background may involve critical differences. The purpose of this review paper is to discuss the ideas of responsibility and sustainability in tourism and especially how they have emerged in tourism studies and activities, and what implications their differences may have for tourism development and its future practices and policies. Here, sustainable tourism is understood as being based on regulative structures involving multiple scales of policies and decisionmaking, while responsible tourism derives some of its core focus and practices from neoliberal governance with its emphasis on individualized and personalized behavior and decision-making. These different contextual backgrounds indicate why we should not automatically equate these two ideas in research, especially when thinking about how the growth-driven tourism industry could and should respond to global challenges in future. Furthermore, building on the structuration theory, the paper discusses how these two different approaches are often interconnected and can lead a way towards sustainable development in tourism.
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