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Regional integration: a historical analysis of the RSA's trade relationships with the SADCC member states, 1980-1989.

- Dikotla, Masennya Phineas

  • Authors: Dikotla, Masennya Phineas
  • Date: 2007-12-06T06:19:31Z
  • Subjects: Economic integration , Foreign economic relations , South Africa , Southern African Development Coordination Conference , Southern Africa
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:14075 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/144
  • Description: Die onafhanklike lande van die Suider-Afrikaanse streek het, sedert hul respektiewelike onafhanklikwording, besluit om geen politieke bande of verhoudinge met hul kragtige, suidelike buurman, Suid-Afrika, aan te knoop nie. Al hierdie lande het op politieke gebied daarin geslaag, behalwe Malawi. Op ekonomiese gebied, egter, en veral op die gebied van handelsverhoudinge, was hierdie frontlinie state nie suksesvol nie. In ‘n poging om Suid-Afrika te isoleer, is ‘n ekonomiese blok, die SADCC, op die been gebring. Met die stigting van die SADCC in 1980, het die groep die vermindering van ekonomiese afhanklikheid van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika as hoofdoelwit gestel. Hierdie studie is ‘n poging om die SADCC se suksesse en mislukkings in hierdie verband te evalueer. Verder word probeer om die probleme wat die organisasie ondervind het in hul pogings ter bereiking van hierdie doelwit, binne die Suider-Afrikaanse geo-politieke omgewing, te ondersoek, veral in die lig van Suid-Afrika se vasbeslotenheid om regionale ekonomiese en politieke heerskappy te behou. Terselfdertyd poog die navorser om klem te lê op die deursettingsvermoë van SADCC lede om hul afhanklikheid van die Republiek te verminder – al was die resultaat in meeste gevalle gering. Hierdie studie toon dat die ekonomiese realiteit van die Suider-Afrikaanse streek die politieke retoriek aan beide kante van die politieke spektrum ten volle oorheers het. Die aard van die handelsverhoudinge tussen die RSA en die SADCC ledelande is deurgaans deur strukturele kontraste en weersprekende feite gekompliseer. , Prof. G. Verhoef
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The role of the Industrial Development Corporation in regional development in Southern Africa.

- Thabede, Mthokozisi Herbert

Foreign direct investment flows to the SADC region in a globalising economic environment.

- Matjekana, Kwena Silas

  • Authors: Matjekana, Kwena Silas
  • Date: 2008-06-20T13:42:05Z
  • Subjects: foreign investment , Southern Africa
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:3091 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/650
  • Description: Foreign direct investment (FDI) has become the most important source of development finance. Foreign direct investment is said to be taking place when a foreign corporation buys at least a 10 percent shareholding in a domestic firm or undertakes a greenfield investment in a foreign country. Recognising that FDI can contribute to economic development, all governments want to attract it. The world market for FDI is highly competitive, and developing countries, in particular, seek such investments to accelerate their development efforts. Both developing and developed countries are competing for global FDI flows. The result is that FDI flows are concentrated in few developed countries. It becomes critical for economic development to developing countries to attract more FDI flows into their economies. FDI flows are basically the result of investment decisions taken by trans-national corporations in response to certain pull factors. Whether a TNC will undertake FDI in a foreign country or not depends on the existence of determinants that influence such a decision. The increase in global FDI flows is a result of firms decid ing to invest in foreign markets rather than to export to those markets. What makes FDI attractive is that, unlike portfolio investment, it is almost of permanent nature. FDI is also more desirable than loans and official development assistance (ODA) in that it does not create debt. For this and other reasons, countries are seeking to attract FDI flows. Various economic development theories have been advanced to explain the reasons firms undertake FDI rather than export to those foreign markets. These theories include theories that focus on internal organisation or the intending firm. These theories assume the imperfect market condition. Foreign firms will undertake FDI if they have superior oligopolistic advantages over the local firms. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) like other regions and countries is seeking to attract foreign direct investment. The present analysis of the performance of this region show that its share of global FDI flows is very small. The region is facing big challenges as a result of weaknesses in its individual member countries. South Africa is the best performing member in terms of attracting FDI flows and undertaking FDI in other regional countries. FDI inflows into the SADC region are predominantly goin g into resources. This evident when case of Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo is analysed. It can be said that the FDI inflow into the region is predominantly resourceseeking. It can, however, also be said that some FDI is driven by the market-seeking motive. This is evident in the case of FDI in the food and beverages sector. It is important that the countries in the SADC region work hard to address those determinants that are critical to attracting more FDI. It is evident that some countries can improve their international image if they can address negative factors such as conflicts, crime and government apathy to disregard of the rule of law. Policies and strategies that are aimed at improving the image of the region need to be coordinated among member countries, if the region is to increase its share of global FDI. , Prof. A.E. Loots
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Mapping fly-Fishing Tourism in Southern Africa

- Hoogendoorn, Gijsbert

  • Authors: Hoogendoorn, Gijsbert
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Fly-Fishing , Southern Africa , Tourism
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/93536 , uj:20358 , Citation: Hoogendoorn, G. 2016. Mapping fly-Fishing Tourism in Southern Africa.
  • Description: Abstract: Research on fly-fishing tourism within the Southern African context is under-explored. This paper will seek to investigate fly-fishing destinations sourced from the Federation of South African Fly Fishers guide to fly-fishing destinations in Southern Africa and the Indian Ocean (2010). In addition, this paper will map out the different fly-fishing destinations over Southern Africa for different fish species as well as infrastructural initiatives put in place to support this kind of tourism. This information is augmented by a number of personal in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in the Southern African fly-fishing industry. In closing, this paper will pose suggestions in terms of how fly-fishing tourism can be developed as a form of niche market tourism in the Southern African context and highlighting the challenges faced.
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Muslim schools: their formation, development and impact on southern african communities

- Haton, Muhammed

  • Authors: Haton, Muhammed
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Education , Southern Africa , Educational Development
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/92620 , uj:20249 , Citation: Haton, M. 2016. Muslim schools: their formation, development and impact on southern african communities.
  • Description: Abstract: Though Southern Africa may not be regarded as a multi-religious region as is the case in other parts of the (Western) world, it is among those regions that have adopted an open-door policy towards religious traditions. As a consequence, the regional governments have generally permitted the establishment of private religious educational institutions (such as the Muslim schools). In this presentation the focus intends to be on the Muslim educational institutions with specific reference to the primary/secondary Muslim schools that have been established. Whilst it will reflect on Muslim schools in South Africa as such, it however wishes to specifically zoom in on Botswana where such schools have been around for almost two decades and where they have made an indelible impression on the Gaborone community.
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New ages from Boomplaas Cave, South Africa, provide increased resolution on late/terminal Pleistocene human behavioural variability

- Pargeter, Justin, Loftus, Emma, Mackay, Alex, Mitchell, Peter, Stewart, Brian

  • Authors: Pargeter, Justin , Loftus, Emma , Mackay, Alex , Mitchell, Peter , Stewart, Brian
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Late/terminal Pleistocene , Southern Africa , Behavioural variability
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/273260 , uj:29108 , Citation: Pargeter, J. et al. 2017. New ages from Boomplaas Cave, South Africa, provide increased resolution on late/terminal Pleistocene human behavioural variability.
  • Description: Abstract: Boomplaas Cave, South Africa, contains a rich archaeological record, with evidence of human occupation from approximately 66,000 years ago until the protohistoric period. Notwithstanding a long history of research at the site, its existing chronology can benefit from revision. Many of the site’s members are currently delimited by only a single conventional radiocarbon date and some of the existing dates were measured on materials now known to be unsuitable for radiocarbon dating. Here we present the results of an ongoing effort to redate key late/terminal Pleistocene sequences in southern Africa. This paper presents a Bayesian-modelled radiocarbon chronology for the late/terminal Pleistocene horizons at Boomplaas. Our model incorporates previously published radiocarbon dates as well as new accelerator mass spectrometry ages. We also present archaeological evidence to examine in greater detail than was previously possible the nature of occupation patterning across the late/terminal Pleistocene and to assess technological change across two of the site’s Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) members. The new dates and archaeological data confirm that the site was occupied in a series of low intensity events in the early LGM and immediately thereafter. The site was occupied intensively in the terminal Pleistocene in line with major changes in palaeoenvironments and sea-level fluctuations. The lithic data show the use of variable technological strategies in contexts of shifting mobility and site occupation patterns. Our discussion informs upon huntergatherer behavioural variability that did not, and should not be expected to, reflect the strategies adopted and adapted by a handful of well-known arid-zone hunter-gatherers in the twentieth-century Kalahari.
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Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads

- Wooding, Madelien, Bradfield, Justin, Maharaj, Vinesh, Koot, Dwayne, Wadley, Lyn, Prinsloo, Linda, Lombard, Marlize

  • Authors: Wooding, Madelien , Bradfield, Justin , Maharaj, Vinesh , Koot, Dwayne , Wadley, Lyn , Prinsloo, Linda , Lombard, Marlize
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: San hunting poisons , Southern Africa , Liquid chromatography
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/236061 , uj:24149 , Citation: Wooding, M. et al. 2017. The potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads. South African Journal of Science, 113(3/4):1-10. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210.
  • Description: Abstract: The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative byproducts of toxic compounds.
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The causes of high intra-regional road freight rates for food and commodities in Southern Africa

- Vilakazi, Thando S.

Genetic affinities among Southern Africa hunter-gatherers and the impact of admixing farmer and herder populations

- Vicente, Mario, Jakobsson, Mattias, Ebbesen, Peter, Schlebusch, Carina M.

Genetic affinities among Southern Africa Hunter-Gatherers and the impact of admixing farmer and herder populations

- Vicente, M'ario, Jakobsson, Mattias, Ebbesen, Peter, Schlebusch, Carina M.

  • Authors: Vicente, M'ario , Jakobsson, Mattias , Ebbesen, Peter , Schlebusch, Carina M.
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Khoe-San , Southern Africa , Population structure
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/407700 , uj:34328 , Citation: Vincente, M. et al. 2019: Genetic affinities among Southern Africa Hunter-Gatherers and the impact of admixing farmer and herder populations. Mol. Biol. Evol. 36(9):1849–1861. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz089.
  • Description: Abstract: Southern African indigenous groups, traditionally hunter-gatherers (San) and herders (Khoekhoe), are commonly re- ferred to as “Khoe-San” populations and have a long history in southern Africa. Their ancestors were largely isolated up until rv2,000 years ago before the arrival of pastoralists and farmers in southern Africa. Assessing relationships among regional Khoe-San groups has been challenging due to admixture with immigrant populations that obscure past pop- ulation affinities and gene flow among these autochthonous communities. We re-evaluate a combined genome-wide data set of previously published southern Africa Khoe-San populations in conjunction with novel data from Khoe-San individuals collected in Xade (Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Botswana) prior to their resettlement outside the reserve. After excluding regions in the genome that trace their ancestry to recent migrant groups, the genetic diversity of 20 Khoe- San groups fitted an isolation-by-distance model. Even though isolation-by-distance explained most genetic affinities between the different autochthonous groups, additional signals of contact between Khoe-San groups could be detected. For instance, we found stronger genetic affinities, than what would be explained by isolation-by-distance gene flow, between the two geographically separated Khoe-San groups, who speak branches of the Kx’a-language family (=IHoan and Ju). We also scanned the genome-wide data for signals of adaptive gene flow from farmers/herders into Khoe-San groups and identified a number of genomic regions potentially introduced by the arrival of the new groups. This study provides a comprehensive picture of affinities among Khoe-San groups, prior to the arrival of recent migrants, and found that these affinities are primarily determined by the geographic landscape.
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Temporal perspectives on Still Bay point production at Sibudu Cave, KwaZulu-Natal, in the context of southern Africa

- Lombard, Marlize, Högberg, Anders, Wadley, Lyn

Khoe-San genomes reveal unique variation and confirm the deepest population divergence in Homo sapiens

- Schlebusch, Carina M., Sjo¨din, Per, Breton, Gwenna, Gu¨nther, Torsten, Naidoo, Thijessen, Hollfelder, Nina, Sjo¨strand, Agnes E., Xu, Jingzi, Gattepaille, Lucie M., Vicente, Mario, Scofield, Douglas G., Malmstrom, Helena, De Jongh, Michael, Lombard, Marlize, Soodyall, Himla, Jakobsson, Mattias

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