The gendered impact of Johannesburg water budget
- Authors: Kithatu, Angelita Kuasa
- Date: 2008-10-29T06:58:16Z
- Subjects: Budget public opinion , Local government , Sex discrimination in employment , Sex discrimination against women , Women's rights , Johannesburg (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1374
- Description: M.A. , Despite constitutional and legislative measures to promote gender equality, gender inequality pervades the South African political, social and economic sectors. It is imperative that government uses gender sensitive policy instruments to reverse these imbalances. Gender expenditure analyses on national budget votes reveal a perpetuation of gender inequality. This municipal study assesses Johannesburg’s water budget process using an analytical framework of three criteria: representation; participation and benefit accrued to women. It determines that administrative representation of women in Johannesburg Water is nominal, the drafting of the budget remains patriarchal and representation of gender concerns for water provision in the consultation phase is not evident. The participation of women in the consultation and approval phases cannot be quantified. Women benefit minimally as employees and as entrepreneurs. This study determines that there is a potentially significant gendered impact of Johannesburg’s water budget, which motivates for this policy instrument to be gender sensitive. , Mr. H. Robertson Prof. Y. Sadie
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kithatu, Angelita Kuasa
- Date: 2008-10-29T06:58:16Z
- Subjects: Budget public opinion , Local government , Sex discrimination in employment , Sex discrimination against women , Women's rights , Johannesburg (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1374
- Description: M.A. , Despite constitutional and legislative measures to promote gender equality, gender inequality pervades the South African political, social and economic sectors. It is imperative that government uses gender sensitive policy instruments to reverse these imbalances. Gender expenditure analyses on national budget votes reveal a perpetuation of gender inequality. This municipal study assesses Johannesburg’s water budget process using an analytical framework of three criteria: representation; participation and benefit accrued to women. It determines that administrative representation of women in Johannesburg Water is nominal, the drafting of the budget remains patriarchal and representation of gender concerns for water provision in the consultation phase is not evident. The participation of women in the consultation and approval phases cannot be quantified. Women benefit minimally as employees and as entrepreneurs. This study determines that there is a potentially significant gendered impact of Johannesburg’s water budget, which motivates for this policy instrument to be gender sensitive. , Mr. H. Robertson Prof. Y. Sadie
- Full Text:
A critical analysis of the representations of gender and sex in newspaper reports on HIV and AIDS
- Authors: Omarjee, Nadira Ismail
- Date: 2012-11-07
- Subjects: HIV infections reporting , AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Sex discrimination against women , Journalism - Social aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8149
- Description: D.Phil. , The aim of this study is to critically analyse representations of gender and sex in newspaper reports on HIV and AIDS in the hope of improving messaging around HIV and AIDS. Within the scope of this study observations are made at the conclusion of each case study so as to inform prevention campaigns and media on more appropriate ways of representing gender and sex and HIV and AIDS. These observations serve as guidelines to inform journalists and civil society on how better to message HIV and AIDS and sexuality. Mutual recognition is used as the theoretical standpoint for understanding sexuality by emphasizing the premise of respect for self and other. Mutual recognition is used as the critical lens to rethink gender beyond constructions of masculinity and femininity, race, class and sexuality; looking for the moments and opportunities for recognition between both masculine and feminine subjects as well as for narratives on sameness and difference beyond race, class and sexuality. Mutual recognition is also the way forward for resisting phallogocentrism and shifting representation away from the workings of male hegemony. The theoretical framework used in this study is based on feminist psychoanalysis and feminist media interpretation. Special mention is given to the work of Jessica Benjamin, Donna Haraway and Jane Flax; on account of their reception of Freudian theory of the oedipal complex showing ways of rethinking the oedipal complex and gender differentiation. Foucault’s work on representation shows how we can rethink language to better serve the notion of mutual recognition, placing importance on concepts such as respect, responsibility and caring for self and other in ways that go beyond race/ethnicity, class, sex/gender or sexuality. Eros and thanatos (life and death drives) is nuanced to highlight how jouissance or the ‘little death’ (orgasm) is a way of resolving the tension between these opposing drives by shifting discourse away from sex and taboo or death towards sex and pleasure and thus emphasizing eros and mutual recognition. The study is concluded with a set of guidelines for representing gender and sex in relation to HIV and AIDS. It is significant to note that this is a qualitative study that, which makes use of textual analysis and seeks to offer a measure of transparency and accountability to the interpretation of selected texts.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Omarjee, Nadira Ismail
- Date: 2012-11-07
- Subjects: HIV infections reporting , AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Sex discrimination against women , Journalism - Social aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8149
- Description: D.Phil. , The aim of this study is to critically analyse representations of gender and sex in newspaper reports on HIV and AIDS in the hope of improving messaging around HIV and AIDS. Within the scope of this study observations are made at the conclusion of each case study so as to inform prevention campaigns and media on more appropriate ways of representing gender and sex and HIV and AIDS. These observations serve as guidelines to inform journalists and civil society on how better to message HIV and AIDS and sexuality. Mutual recognition is used as the theoretical standpoint for understanding sexuality by emphasizing the premise of respect for self and other. Mutual recognition is used as the critical lens to rethink gender beyond constructions of masculinity and femininity, race, class and sexuality; looking for the moments and opportunities for recognition between both masculine and feminine subjects as well as for narratives on sameness and difference beyond race, class and sexuality. Mutual recognition is also the way forward for resisting phallogocentrism and shifting representation away from the workings of male hegemony. The theoretical framework used in this study is based on feminist psychoanalysis and feminist media interpretation. Special mention is given to the work of Jessica Benjamin, Donna Haraway and Jane Flax; on account of their reception of Freudian theory of the oedipal complex showing ways of rethinking the oedipal complex and gender differentiation. Foucault’s work on representation shows how we can rethink language to better serve the notion of mutual recognition, placing importance on concepts such as respect, responsibility and caring for self and other in ways that go beyond race/ethnicity, class, sex/gender or sexuality. Eros and thanatos (life and death drives) is nuanced to highlight how jouissance or the ‘little death’ (orgasm) is a way of resolving the tension between these opposing drives by shifting discourse away from sex and taboo or death towards sex and pleasure and thus emphasizing eros and mutual recognition. The study is concluded with a set of guidelines for representing gender and sex in relation to HIV and AIDS. It is significant to note that this is a qualitative study that, which makes use of textual analysis and seeks to offer a measure of transparency and accountability to the interpretation of selected texts.
- Full Text:
Attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET in a rural area of the Northern Province
- Authors: Moshidi, Simon Kgoroshi
- Date: 2012-08-16
- Subjects: Adult education of women -- South Africa -- Northern Province , Sex discrimination against women , Men -- Attitudes -- Case studies , Blacks -- Education -- South Africa -- Northern Province
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:9438 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5870
- Description: M.Ed. , This study focuses on the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET in a rural area of the Northern Province. Most women in the rural areas are illiterate because they can hardly read, write and do arithmetic, nor participate in sociopolitico- economic activities. I argued in this study that ABET projects are being pursued but unfortunately non-attendance and attrition rates are very high. One of the reasons may be men's negative attitude towards women's involvement in ABET. Against this background, the question that was addressed could be formulated as follows: What are the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET in a rural area of the Northern Province?. Consequently, the aim of the study was to explore the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Moshidi, Simon Kgoroshi
- Date: 2012-08-16
- Subjects: Adult education of women -- South Africa -- Northern Province , Sex discrimination against women , Men -- Attitudes -- Case studies , Blacks -- Education -- South Africa -- Northern Province
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:9438 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5870
- Description: M.Ed. , This study focuses on the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET in a rural area of the Northern Province. Most women in the rural areas are illiterate because they can hardly read, write and do arithmetic, nor participate in sociopolitico- economic activities. I argued in this study that ABET projects are being pursued but unfortunately non-attendance and attrition rates are very high. One of the reasons may be men's negative attitude towards women's involvement in ABET. Against this background, the question that was addressed could be formulated as follows: What are the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET in a rural area of the Northern Province?. Consequently, the aim of the study was to explore the attitudes of men towards women's involvement in ABET.
- Full Text:
The perception of the glass ceiling phenomenon
- Authors: Pillay, Pamela
- Date: 2012-08-20
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2841 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6276
- Description: M.B.A. , Barriers that hinder career advancement of women are both complex and varied. They have become top priority for organizations and the government. The "glass ceiling" is a term that symbolizes a variety of barriers that prevent individuals from advancing up the corporate hierarchy. Although many women hold management positions, few have made the breakthrough to toplevel positions. To determine what conditions are required for women to break the glass ceiling and attain management positions, an exploratory study was conducted to investigate the perceptions of the glass ceiling phenomenon amongst both males and female managers and what the implications of these perceptions are for change strategies targeted at including women in high level managerial positions. The research was limited to 48 respondents, all of different managerial levels and the responses indicated that both men and females agree that there are obstacles impeding the progress of women to higher managerial levels. However, a comparison in terms of perceptions of the various race groups was not established. There seems to be a change in focus by organizations in terms of their change management processes and of including females in management levels. Organizations are focusing on developing females to attain the various management positions available. However, despite the changes, some males have a nonchalant attitude towards assisting women attain higher managerial positions. Women have to get out of their mould and break through the obstacles of the glass ceiling in order to become victors in the corporate world
- Full Text:
- Authors: Pillay, Pamela
- Date: 2012-08-20
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2841 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6276
- Description: M.B.A. , Barriers that hinder career advancement of women are both complex and varied. They have become top priority for organizations and the government. The "glass ceiling" is a term that symbolizes a variety of barriers that prevent individuals from advancing up the corporate hierarchy. Although many women hold management positions, few have made the breakthrough to toplevel positions. To determine what conditions are required for women to break the glass ceiling and attain management positions, an exploratory study was conducted to investigate the perceptions of the glass ceiling phenomenon amongst both males and female managers and what the implications of these perceptions are for change strategies targeted at including women in high level managerial positions. The research was limited to 48 respondents, all of different managerial levels and the responses indicated that both men and females agree that there are obstacles impeding the progress of women to higher managerial levels. However, a comparison in terms of perceptions of the various race groups was not established. There seems to be a change in focus by organizations in terms of their change management processes and of including females in management levels. Organizations are focusing on developing females to attain the various management positions available. However, despite the changes, some males have a nonchalant attitude towards assisting women attain higher managerial positions. Women have to get out of their mould and break through the obstacles of the glass ceiling in order to become victors in the corporate world
- Full Text:
Language, gender and power relations in Swazi national courts: a discourse based analysis
- Dlamini, Lindiwe Nkhosingiphile
- Authors: Dlamini, Lindiwe Nkhosingiphile
- Date: 2011-04-13T08:20:43Z
- Subjects: Critical discourse analysis , Discourse analysis , Language and languages , Sex differences , Sexism , Sex discrimination against women , Courts in Swaziland
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/389842 , uj:7058 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3598
- Description: M.A. , This dissertation examines the use of language and its implications on gender relations within the Swazi courts. Starting from the premise that language use is an important guide in understanding gender differences and differences in power between men and women, this dissertation investigates the language used by the different participants in court proceedings of selected court cases, particularly on offences that involve or otherwise touch on assault. The data is based on proceedings in two selected courts, one in Mbabane (an urban court) and the other in Lobamba (a semi urban court). Analysis is strengthened by an array of theories of gender and cultural studies. The major analytical methodology for this study is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The study ultimately locates itself within the line of gender studies on cultural influences, examining how lexical choices in linguistic discourses contribute to sustaining or subverting age-old ideas of manhood versus womanhood in Swaziland. The analysis leads to a conclusion that: (a) Women are viewed as docile and unchanging in terms of their interaction in the society. (b) Within the patriarchal Swazi context, the linguistic expectations of “good women” put them at a disadvantage when communicating with men. (c) Traditionalists have to shift from patriarchal values and integration of the Swazi custom with some of the positive ways in life borrowed from education, Christianity and other modernized institutions. If this is enforced then women would cease to be treated as doormats and marginalised by society. This gender imbalance is revealed in situations of contest. It not only draws on, but also engenders the already existing ideologies of strong and knowledgeable men versus weak and ignorant women, in part by muting the latter. This, in the researcher’s view, is worsened by the fact that such linguistic disempowerment takes place within the structures of the State such as the courts, whose authority can easily be mistaken for that of the men who function within them. Put differently, the connotations of power, authority, coercion and fear within the courts are reinforced when one half of participants are disadvantaged by cultural ideologies such as those of linguistic control.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dlamini, Lindiwe Nkhosingiphile
- Date: 2011-04-13T08:20:43Z
- Subjects: Critical discourse analysis , Discourse analysis , Language and languages , Sex differences , Sexism , Sex discrimination against women , Courts in Swaziland
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/389842 , uj:7058 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3598
- Description: M.A. , This dissertation examines the use of language and its implications on gender relations within the Swazi courts. Starting from the premise that language use is an important guide in understanding gender differences and differences in power between men and women, this dissertation investigates the language used by the different participants in court proceedings of selected court cases, particularly on offences that involve or otherwise touch on assault. The data is based on proceedings in two selected courts, one in Mbabane (an urban court) and the other in Lobamba (a semi urban court). Analysis is strengthened by an array of theories of gender and cultural studies. The major analytical methodology for this study is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The study ultimately locates itself within the line of gender studies on cultural influences, examining how lexical choices in linguistic discourses contribute to sustaining or subverting age-old ideas of manhood versus womanhood in Swaziland. The analysis leads to a conclusion that: (a) Women are viewed as docile and unchanging in terms of their interaction in the society. (b) Within the patriarchal Swazi context, the linguistic expectations of “good women” put them at a disadvantage when communicating with men. (c) Traditionalists have to shift from patriarchal values and integration of the Swazi custom with some of the positive ways in life borrowed from education, Christianity and other modernized institutions. If this is enforced then women would cease to be treated as doormats and marginalised by society. This gender imbalance is revealed in situations of contest. It not only draws on, but also engenders the already existing ideologies of strong and knowledgeable men versus weak and ignorant women, in part by muting the latter. This, in the researcher’s view, is worsened by the fact that such linguistic disempowerment takes place within the structures of the State such as the courts, whose authority can easily be mistaken for that of the men who function within them. Put differently, the connotations of power, authority, coercion and fear within the courts are reinforced when one half of participants are disadvantaged by cultural ideologies such as those of linguistic control.
- Full Text:
Barriers facing female entrepreneurs : a study in the Gauteng Province, South Africa
- Authors: Valla, Sunita
- Date: 2012-08-13
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women , Female entrepreneurs
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9136 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5591
- Description: M.B.A. , Everywhere in the world, an increasing number of female entrepreneurs are becoming the pillars of economic growth and development. This exploratory research sought to investigate the barriers facing female entrepreneurs and to establish whether these barriers are exacerbated for women because of their gender. It focuses on the experiences and perceptions of female entrepreneurs in the urban formal sector of the Gauteng area of South Africa. Data for the study was gathered by a survey through questionnaires administered to 93 female entrepreneurs, the majority of whom were registered with either the South African Business Women's Association or The South African Women's Network. The literature review identified differences in female and male entrepreneurship related to personal demographics, business demographics and support structures. These differences could be explained by the barriers that female entrepreneurs face in their endeavours. The barriers are discussed under five main categories: social and cultural barriers, infrastructural barriers, educational and occupational barriers, role barriers, and behavioural barriers. Upon investigating these barriers amongst female entrepreneurs, results revealed that female entrepreneurs have to contend with socio-cultural, political, structural, economics, legal and personal barriers compared to men when they contemplate entrepreneurship. Although some barriers may be the same as those experienced by male entrepreneurs, the female entrepreneurs in this study perceived that they did indeed experience barriers that were specific to female entrepreneurs and that some barriers were exacerbated for them because of their gender. Thus, even if the Constitution of South Africa states that women and men have equal rights and the same entitlements for engaging in a career in society, reality proves that the experiences of female entrepreneurs in Gauteng are contrary to this - the current situation indicates that female entrepreneurship in Gauteng serves as a 'glass ceiling' for female entrepreneurial ambitions. Understanding the barriers facing female entrepreneurs can be beneficial to: females currently engaged in entrepreneurship, aspiring and emerging female entrepreneurs, and policy makers. This understanding can lead to more supportive policies and programmes for female entrepreneurs. Society, government, policy makers and women themselves thus need to work together to bring about changes required towards female entrepreneurs.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Valla, Sunita
- Date: 2012-08-13
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women , Female entrepreneurs
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9136 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5591
- Description: M.B.A. , Everywhere in the world, an increasing number of female entrepreneurs are becoming the pillars of economic growth and development. This exploratory research sought to investigate the barriers facing female entrepreneurs and to establish whether these barriers are exacerbated for women because of their gender. It focuses on the experiences and perceptions of female entrepreneurs in the urban formal sector of the Gauteng area of South Africa. Data for the study was gathered by a survey through questionnaires administered to 93 female entrepreneurs, the majority of whom were registered with either the South African Business Women's Association or The South African Women's Network. The literature review identified differences in female and male entrepreneurship related to personal demographics, business demographics and support structures. These differences could be explained by the barriers that female entrepreneurs face in their endeavours. The barriers are discussed under five main categories: social and cultural barriers, infrastructural barriers, educational and occupational barriers, role barriers, and behavioural barriers. Upon investigating these barriers amongst female entrepreneurs, results revealed that female entrepreneurs have to contend with socio-cultural, political, structural, economics, legal and personal barriers compared to men when they contemplate entrepreneurship. Although some barriers may be the same as those experienced by male entrepreneurs, the female entrepreneurs in this study perceived that they did indeed experience barriers that were specific to female entrepreneurs and that some barriers were exacerbated for them because of their gender. Thus, even if the Constitution of South Africa states that women and men have equal rights and the same entitlements for engaging in a career in society, reality proves that the experiences of female entrepreneurs in Gauteng are contrary to this - the current situation indicates that female entrepreneurship in Gauteng serves as a 'glass ceiling' for female entrepreneurial ambitions. Understanding the barriers facing female entrepreneurs can be beneficial to: females currently engaged in entrepreneurship, aspiring and emerging female entrepreneurs, and policy makers. This understanding can lead to more supportive policies and programmes for female entrepreneurs. Society, government, policy makers and women themselves thus need to work together to bring about changes required towards female entrepreneurs.
- Full Text:
A qualitative portrayal of the experience of women in senior management positions in a knowledge organisation
- Authors: Venter, Cornelia Maria
- Date: 2012-06-05
- Subjects: Women executives , Knowledge workers , Sex discrimination against women
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2398 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4851
- Description: D.Phil. , The world of work of women has elicited much research locally and abroad. Underpinning the research is the societal norm that men are breadwinners and women are homemakers, which poses a dilemma in terms of gender roles in the professional and domestic life of women. Hence the aim of the research was to develop a substantive theory to explore and foreground how women in senior management positions in a knowledge organisation in the telecommunication domain experience their professional and domestic realities against the background of the materialisation of this societal norm. The study was done in the qualitative paradigm, guided by a modernist interpretive theoretical framework. Casing was employed as research design. Six women at senior management level were selected by means of purposive sampling (with the assistance of a gatekeeper). One-on-one semi-structured interviews and field notes were used as data collection methods. Grounded theory (as proposed by Strauss and Corbin) was used to analyse the data. Open coding was done with the aid of the ATLAS.ti computer software programme, whereas axial coding and selective coding were done manually.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Venter, Cornelia Maria
- Date: 2012-06-05
- Subjects: Women executives , Knowledge workers , Sex discrimination against women
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2398 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4851
- Description: D.Phil. , The world of work of women has elicited much research locally and abroad. Underpinning the research is the societal norm that men are breadwinners and women are homemakers, which poses a dilemma in terms of gender roles in the professional and domestic life of women. Hence the aim of the research was to develop a substantive theory to explore and foreground how women in senior management positions in a knowledge organisation in the telecommunication domain experience their professional and domestic realities against the background of the materialisation of this societal norm. The study was done in the qualitative paradigm, guided by a modernist interpretive theoretical framework. Casing was employed as research design. Six women at senior management level were selected by means of purposive sampling (with the assistance of a gatekeeper). One-on-one semi-structured interviews and field notes were used as data collection methods. Grounded theory (as proposed by Strauss and Corbin) was used to analyse the data. Open coding was done with the aid of the ATLAS.ti computer software programme, whereas axial coding and selective coding were done manually.
- Full Text:
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »