A waste management plan for the town Roossenekal and surrounds
- Authors: Bekker, Adriaan Edward
- Date: 2009-03-31T09:25:16Z
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Roossenekal (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/366023 , uj:8246 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2357
- Description: M.Sc. , Large development initiatives are currently being implemented in South Africa. Many small towns such as the town of Roossenekal are affected by large developments, especially in terms of their service delivery capacity and resources. This study attempts to illustrate how effective waste management can be implemented in small rural towns such as Roossenekal by incorporating current legislation and development plans as a driving force. The waste stream generated in this town comprises large enough volumes of recyclable waste to attain the national waste-to-landfill reduction targets. Various measures such as at-source separation and the bulk storage of recyclables for collection by commercial recyclers, as well as domestic composting, are considered to be relevant. This study shows that fairly simple interventions could have overridingly positive effects on the management of waste in the town of Roossenekal and that the vision of attaining national strategic goals and objectives could in fact be realised. Cognisance has been taken of the current policy governing waste management and it is evident that by applying the waste hierarchy approach, simple and custom-made solutions can be identified. This study identifies development and national policy as key drivers in implementing effective waste management strategies. Large projects such as the construction of the De Hoop dam, as well as commercial ventures such as the mines and commercial recyclers that are currently operating in the town and its surrounds, are considered to be major role-players which could make a valuable contribution to waste management.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bekker, Adriaan Edward
- Date: 2009-03-31T09:25:16Z
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Roossenekal (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/366023 , uj:8246 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2357
- Description: M.Sc. , Large development initiatives are currently being implemented in South Africa. Many small towns such as the town of Roossenekal are affected by large developments, especially in terms of their service delivery capacity and resources. This study attempts to illustrate how effective waste management can be implemented in small rural towns such as Roossenekal by incorporating current legislation and development plans as a driving force. The waste stream generated in this town comprises large enough volumes of recyclable waste to attain the national waste-to-landfill reduction targets. Various measures such as at-source separation and the bulk storage of recyclables for collection by commercial recyclers, as well as domestic composting, are considered to be relevant. This study shows that fairly simple interventions could have overridingly positive effects on the management of waste in the town of Roossenekal and that the vision of attaining national strategic goals and objectives could in fact be realised. Cognisance has been taken of the current policy governing waste management and it is evident that by applying the waste hierarchy approach, simple and custom-made solutions can be identified. This study identifies development and national policy as key drivers in implementing effective waste management strategies. Large projects such as the construction of the De Hoop dam, as well as commercial ventures such as the mines and commercial recyclers that are currently operating in the town and its surrounds, are considered to be major role-players which could make a valuable contribution to waste management.
- Full Text:
The effect of legislation on informal waste salvaging and salvagers on official landfill site : the case study of Weltevreden (Polokwane)
- Authors: Thaba, Makgafela Richard
- Date: 2012-08-01
- Subjects: Waste management , Salvage (Waste, etc.) , Weltevreden (Polokwane, South Africa) , Refuse and refuse disposal
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8914 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5385
- Description: M.A. , In present-day society, solid waste can no longer be treated as a non-valuable resource. Municipal waste produced from residential and commercial sources has become an economic resource for the poor on landfill sites. Urban poor, rural-urban migrants and urban-urban migrants are the ultimate symbol of the informal economy on landfill sites. These migrants have identified waste as an economic resource to extract a livelihood. In their presence on landfill sites, South Africa has introduced waste management policies which endorse the notion of sustainable development. Sustainable development is the notion through which South Africa shapes and parallels its environmental directive to avoid destruction and depletion of natural resources. Sustainable development is a theoretical framework adopted by this study to evaluate the effect of legislation on informal waste salvagers and waste salvaging. Waste salvaging is often frowned upon and neglected by local municipal authorities who are constitutionally mandated to ensure preservation of natural resources. Amongst other things, local municipalities need to recreate economic opportunities and curb the unemployment rate. Furthermore, South African municipalities deliberated during the tabling of the Polokwane Declaration to reduce waste disposal by 50% in 2012 through waste recycling and waste minimisation. In the absence of employment opportunities, local municipalities in South Africa are continually faced with the dilemma of incorporating informal waste salvaging into their waste management directives. This study uses Weltevreden landfill site in Polokwane as a case study to evaluate the effects of legislation on informal waste salvaging. A waste management and sustainability framework towards career waste salvagers was developed as a paradigm to incorporate elements of sustainable livelihood approach. The framework allowed the study to comprehend the synergy and the discords that waste management directives in South Africa unravel on informal waste salvaging. Furthermore, this led to the procreation of a model to unlock the economic potential of waste in South African municipalities. The model recognises the elements of waste management directives such as National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act No.107 of 1998) and National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008). Despite that, the model resonates on the promulgations made in the Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008) on informal waste salvaging. This study intends to evaluate the extent to which contemporary waste management directives in South Africa support waste salvaging within the three pillars of sustainable development, namely economic, social and environmental. However, this research hypothesises that waste management directives in South Africa fail to support the three pillars of sustainable development. In light of the hypothesis, this research has identified waste salvagers, waste Thaba Makgafela Richard iii management officials and the public as instrumental respondents to evaluate perceptions and challenges linked to the informal waste economy. A desktop review of available regulatory instruments informed recommendations and the model procreated in this study. The key lessons are highlighted and followed in Chapter 7 which provides analytical conclusions and recommendations for all the chapters.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thaba, Makgafela Richard
- Date: 2012-08-01
- Subjects: Waste management , Salvage (Waste, etc.) , Weltevreden (Polokwane, South Africa) , Refuse and refuse disposal
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8914 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5385
- Description: M.A. , In present-day society, solid waste can no longer be treated as a non-valuable resource. Municipal waste produced from residential and commercial sources has become an economic resource for the poor on landfill sites. Urban poor, rural-urban migrants and urban-urban migrants are the ultimate symbol of the informal economy on landfill sites. These migrants have identified waste as an economic resource to extract a livelihood. In their presence on landfill sites, South Africa has introduced waste management policies which endorse the notion of sustainable development. Sustainable development is the notion through which South Africa shapes and parallels its environmental directive to avoid destruction and depletion of natural resources. Sustainable development is a theoretical framework adopted by this study to evaluate the effect of legislation on informal waste salvagers and waste salvaging. Waste salvaging is often frowned upon and neglected by local municipal authorities who are constitutionally mandated to ensure preservation of natural resources. Amongst other things, local municipalities need to recreate economic opportunities and curb the unemployment rate. Furthermore, South African municipalities deliberated during the tabling of the Polokwane Declaration to reduce waste disposal by 50% in 2012 through waste recycling and waste minimisation. In the absence of employment opportunities, local municipalities in South Africa are continually faced with the dilemma of incorporating informal waste salvaging into their waste management directives. This study uses Weltevreden landfill site in Polokwane as a case study to evaluate the effects of legislation on informal waste salvaging. A waste management and sustainability framework towards career waste salvagers was developed as a paradigm to incorporate elements of sustainable livelihood approach. The framework allowed the study to comprehend the synergy and the discords that waste management directives in South Africa unravel on informal waste salvaging. Furthermore, this led to the procreation of a model to unlock the economic potential of waste in South African municipalities. The model recognises the elements of waste management directives such as National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act No.107 of 1998) and National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008). Despite that, the model resonates on the promulgations made in the Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008) on informal waste salvaging. This study intends to evaluate the extent to which contemporary waste management directives in South Africa support waste salvaging within the three pillars of sustainable development, namely economic, social and environmental. However, this research hypothesises that waste management directives in South Africa fail to support the three pillars of sustainable development. In light of the hypothesis, this research has identified waste salvagers, waste Thaba Makgafela Richard iii management officials and the public as instrumental respondents to evaluate perceptions and challenges linked to the informal waste economy. A desktop review of available regulatory instruments informed recommendations and the model procreated in this study. The key lessons are highlighted and followed in Chapter 7 which provides analytical conclusions and recommendations for all the chapters.
- Full Text:
Municipal solid waste, social conflicts and sustainable cities : Johannesburg and Nairobi compared
- Ikiara-Zamberia, Christine N.
- Authors: Ikiara-Zamberia, Christine N.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Sustainable development - Citizen participation , Social conflict , Refuse and refuse disposal , Urban ecology (Sociology)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123753 , uj:20831
- Description: Abstract: This thesis examines the nature of the relationship between social conflicts and sustainable development. It focuses on the significance of the social conflicts that are associated with municipal solid waste on the sustainable development of the cities of Nairobi, Kenya and Johannesburg, South Africa. The principal assumption of the thesis is that, depending on the way social conflicts are conducted, conflicts can have constructive or destructive outcomes for society. Consequently, social conflicts can have negative or positive implications for the specific sector in dispute, primarily, and ultimately, for social, economic or environmental dimensions of development that under-gird the sustainable development of cities. The nature and direction of the association between social conflicts and sustainable cities in the context of municipal solid waste is, nevertheless, largely obscure. The thesis contends that an appreciation of the social conflicts in municipal solid waste is critical to unearthing the inherent but often invisible dimensions of society and development that impact municipal solid waste management. It is also critical to illuminating the manner in which municipal solid waste and its management, in turn, impact society and the sustainable development of cities. Such an understanding entails an identification of the social conflicts that are associated with municipal solid waste, establishment of their causes, conduct and impact on the sustainable management of municipal solid waste primarily and, overall, on the sustainable development of cities. By labelling specific outcomes of social conflicts such as the amicable resolution of issues in contention as resulting in constructive outcomes for municipal solid waste management or specific socio-economic and environmental dimensions of development and, alternatively, designating outcomes such as the violent and harmful conduct of conflict as destructive, it is possible to establish an association between social conflicts, municipal solid waste and sustainable cities. Social conflicts are thus indicators of problems and contradictions within the municipal sustainable development agenda and an indicator of the gaps that need remedy. The study utilises mixed methods research and comparative data from the cities of Nairobi and Johannesburg with survey data from the low-income neighbourhoods of Dandora and Alexandra, the high-income neighbourhoods of Muthaiga and Sandton, and various stakeholders in municipal solid waste management. It examines the municipal solid waste stream from the household and residential neighbourhood, through the process of collection,.. , D.Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ikiara-Zamberia, Christine N.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Sustainable development - Citizen participation , Social conflict , Refuse and refuse disposal , Urban ecology (Sociology)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123753 , uj:20831
- Description: Abstract: This thesis examines the nature of the relationship between social conflicts and sustainable development. It focuses on the significance of the social conflicts that are associated with municipal solid waste on the sustainable development of the cities of Nairobi, Kenya and Johannesburg, South Africa. The principal assumption of the thesis is that, depending on the way social conflicts are conducted, conflicts can have constructive or destructive outcomes for society. Consequently, social conflicts can have negative or positive implications for the specific sector in dispute, primarily, and ultimately, for social, economic or environmental dimensions of development that under-gird the sustainable development of cities. The nature and direction of the association between social conflicts and sustainable cities in the context of municipal solid waste is, nevertheless, largely obscure. The thesis contends that an appreciation of the social conflicts in municipal solid waste is critical to unearthing the inherent but often invisible dimensions of society and development that impact municipal solid waste management. It is also critical to illuminating the manner in which municipal solid waste and its management, in turn, impact society and the sustainable development of cities. Such an understanding entails an identification of the social conflicts that are associated with municipal solid waste, establishment of their causes, conduct and impact on the sustainable management of municipal solid waste primarily and, overall, on the sustainable development of cities. By labelling specific outcomes of social conflicts such as the amicable resolution of issues in contention as resulting in constructive outcomes for municipal solid waste management or specific socio-economic and environmental dimensions of development and, alternatively, designating outcomes such as the violent and harmful conduct of conflict as destructive, it is possible to establish an association between social conflicts, municipal solid waste and sustainable cities. Social conflicts are thus indicators of problems and contradictions within the municipal sustainable development agenda and an indicator of the gaps that need remedy. The study utilises mixed methods research and comparative data from the cities of Nairobi and Johannesburg with survey data from the low-income neighbourhoods of Dandora and Alexandra, the high-income neighbourhoods of Muthaiga and Sandton, and various stakeholders in municipal solid waste management. It examines the municipal solid waste stream from the household and residential neighbourhood, through the process of collection,.. , D.Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
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Potential for producing sustainable energy from bio-waste through thermal decomposition
- Authors: Manala, Cecil Khosi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Waste products as fuel , Refuse and refuse disposal , Biomass energy , Decomposition (Chemistry)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/280125 , uj:30095
- Description: M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering) , Abstract: Energy in its different forms is an important asset to man‟s day-to-day activities from general house hold applications such as cooking and heating to large scale industrial applications such as power generation. However, the current reliance on fossil fuel based energy has become a central concern with respect to sustainable development. Fossil fuels are associated with greenhouse gas emissions and global warming which have been attributed to the dramatic weather and climate change patterns on the planet today posing significant threat to life e. There is, therefore, a need to find more sustainable sources of energy for the planet. Biomass based energy has been used by humanity as a primary source of energy long before the episode of fossil fuel usage. Harnessing of this form of energy has become of overwhelming interest largely due to global warming. It has also been realized that producing renewable energy locally can offer a viable alternative, and facilitate socio-economic development in communities as evidenced by several sustainable energy production projects around South Africa. Biomass contributes 14% of the World‟s primary energy supply. About 75% of its usage is in developing countries. In this work, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was quantified at a landfill site in Johannesburg. This was part of a wider project to produce biogas from municipal waste. The potential of that waste to produce syngas by thermal decompositions needs to be investigated as an alternative to anaerobic bio digestion. Furthermore, a bamboo species known as bambusa lacooa, which is currently being introduced for mine dumps rehabilitation in South Africa, was identified as a potential syngas production feedstock. If bamboo based mine dump rehabilitation succeeds, the economic value of the then widely available bamboo needs to be investigated. Production of syngas by pyrolysis becomes one such economic value chain. The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the optimum production of syngas from OFMSW and bamboo by pyrolysis. Specimens of these materials were prepared for thermal decomposition. Bamboo was categorised into wet and dry bamboo and dried in the sun for a period of 14 days. OFMSW made up of mixed food waste was collected from the waste dump landfill site and dried in the sun for a period of 24 hours. The candidate bio-waste materials were subjected to thermal decomposition in a specially designed pyrolysis reactor. Fumes produced during the thermal decomposition were collected at 100˚C temperature intervals from 0 ˚C to 700 ˚C. Dry bamboo produced the highest yield quality of syngas (24% - 23% quality) between 200 ˚C and 400 ˚C. Wet bamboo produced lower syngas yield quality than dry bamboo. The...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Manala, Cecil Khosi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Waste products as fuel , Refuse and refuse disposal , Biomass energy , Decomposition (Chemistry)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/280125 , uj:30095
- Description: M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering) , Abstract: Energy in its different forms is an important asset to man‟s day-to-day activities from general house hold applications such as cooking and heating to large scale industrial applications such as power generation. However, the current reliance on fossil fuel based energy has become a central concern with respect to sustainable development. Fossil fuels are associated with greenhouse gas emissions and global warming which have been attributed to the dramatic weather and climate change patterns on the planet today posing significant threat to life e. There is, therefore, a need to find more sustainable sources of energy for the planet. Biomass based energy has been used by humanity as a primary source of energy long before the episode of fossil fuel usage. Harnessing of this form of energy has become of overwhelming interest largely due to global warming. It has also been realized that producing renewable energy locally can offer a viable alternative, and facilitate socio-economic development in communities as evidenced by several sustainable energy production projects around South Africa. Biomass contributes 14% of the World‟s primary energy supply. About 75% of its usage is in developing countries. In this work, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was quantified at a landfill site in Johannesburg. This was part of a wider project to produce biogas from municipal waste. The potential of that waste to produce syngas by thermal decompositions needs to be investigated as an alternative to anaerobic bio digestion. Furthermore, a bamboo species known as bambusa lacooa, which is currently being introduced for mine dumps rehabilitation in South Africa, was identified as a potential syngas production feedstock. If bamboo based mine dump rehabilitation succeeds, the economic value of the then widely available bamboo needs to be investigated. Production of syngas by pyrolysis becomes one such economic value chain. The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the optimum production of syngas from OFMSW and bamboo by pyrolysis. Specimens of these materials were prepared for thermal decomposition. Bamboo was categorised into wet and dry bamboo and dried in the sun for a period of 14 days. OFMSW made up of mixed food waste was collected from the waste dump landfill site and dried in the sun for a period of 24 hours. The candidate bio-waste materials were subjected to thermal decomposition in a specially designed pyrolysis reactor. Fumes produced during the thermal decomposition were collected at 100˚C temperature intervals from 0 ˚C to 700 ˚C. Dry bamboo produced the highest yield quality of syngas (24% - 23% quality) between 200 ˚C and 400 ˚C. Wet bamboo produced lower syngas yield quality than dry bamboo. The...
- Full Text:
Sustainable solid waste management practices In suburban locations
- Authors: Zondi, Hlengiwe
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Refuse and refuse disposal - Management , Integrated solid waste management - South Africa - Soweto
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/243036 , uj:25084
- Description: M.Ing. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Solid waste generation has been proven to have a significant, if not critical environmental impact, on the economy and human health. Therefore, it is crucial to plan very carefully the handling and effective management of solid waste. This study is conducted in the suburban area of Johannesburg, Soweto (Naledi). The primary objective of the City of Johannesburg Waste Management Plan is to incorporate, enhance and upgrade waste management in order to boost its proficiency. (Boitumelong Environmental Consultants (PTY) LTD, 2005). Structured questionnaires with close-ended questions being distributed among the Naledi community, and analysed quantitatively. Informal interviews and discussions with some of the residents, with buyback centres, scavengers and municipal Pikitup solid waste management employees also took place. These are supplemented with some information gathered through physical observations and field visits to the landfill. Results analysed in order to evaluate the level of community awareness, perceptions, constraints and concerns regarding municipal waste management. The results indicate that significant amount of unsorted solid waste in Naledi has always gone to the landfill. Generally, waste generated in most households are disposed of mixed in one plastic bag, before taken to the roadside for weekly collection by Pikitup. However, some households try to separate plastics, tins and bottles; and a private recycler comes and collects that separated waste for selling shows. The results also show that none of the interviewed community members believe that the municipality and residents should actually have to work together in waste management. Total sample indicates that 80% claim that the community itself is responsible for waste minimisation and only 20% see it as the municipality’s responsibility. A partnership between the municipality and residents needs to be created and then strengthened to derive at a positive domestic waste management system. If sustainable solid waste management in Naledi is supposed to have a major positive impact, it will require all individuals (the employed, unemployed, youth, professionals and uneducated) to participate. Most importantly, consumers and businesses will have to understand that the time to act is now before the solid waste management problem becomes unmanageable and ultimately has dire consequences to humans and the environment.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Zondi, Hlengiwe
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Refuse and refuse disposal - Management , Integrated solid waste management - South Africa - Soweto
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/243036 , uj:25084
- Description: M.Ing. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Solid waste generation has been proven to have a significant, if not critical environmental impact, on the economy and human health. Therefore, it is crucial to plan very carefully the handling and effective management of solid waste. This study is conducted in the suburban area of Johannesburg, Soweto (Naledi). The primary objective of the City of Johannesburg Waste Management Plan is to incorporate, enhance and upgrade waste management in order to boost its proficiency. (Boitumelong Environmental Consultants (PTY) LTD, 2005). Structured questionnaires with close-ended questions being distributed among the Naledi community, and analysed quantitatively. Informal interviews and discussions with some of the residents, with buyback centres, scavengers and municipal Pikitup solid waste management employees also took place. These are supplemented with some information gathered through physical observations and field visits to the landfill. Results analysed in order to evaluate the level of community awareness, perceptions, constraints and concerns regarding municipal waste management. The results indicate that significant amount of unsorted solid waste in Naledi has always gone to the landfill. Generally, waste generated in most households are disposed of mixed in one plastic bag, before taken to the roadside for weekly collection by Pikitup. However, some households try to separate plastics, tins and bottles; and a private recycler comes and collects that separated waste for selling shows. The results also show that none of the interviewed community members believe that the municipality and residents should actually have to work together in waste management. Total sample indicates that 80% claim that the community itself is responsible for waste minimisation and only 20% see it as the municipality’s responsibility. A partnership between the municipality and residents needs to be created and then strengthened to derive at a positive domestic waste management system. If sustainable solid waste management in Naledi is supposed to have a major positive impact, it will require all individuals (the employed, unemployed, youth, professionals and uneducated) to participate. Most importantly, consumers and businesses will have to understand that the time to act is now before the solid waste management problem becomes unmanageable and ultimately has dire consequences to humans and the environment.
- Full Text:
An assessment of construction and demolition waste management systems in the Nigerian construction industry
- Authors: Aboginije, Ademilade Joseph
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Construction industry , Landfill final covers
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/481857 , uj:43675
- Description: Abstract: The construction industry is an important investment-led and dynamic sector that contributes positively to the developmental progress in any economy. However, the construction industry is seen as an ineffective sector owing to the bulky waste it produces. It is also regarded as a key contributor to the negative effect on the environment caused by extreme amounts of waste generated on- and off-site. This study assesses the quantities of waste generated, the factors influencing waste generation, the waste management approaches implemented, the adverse effects of waste and the benefits from construction and demolition waste management implemented in the Nigerian construction industry. The data used in this study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected through survey questionnaires distributed via emails to the targeted respondents who are construction professionals while the secondary data were collected via the review of related literature. Out of the two hundred (200) questionnaires distributed, only one-hundred and sixty-eight (168) valid data were retrieved and used for the analysis. The collected data accounted for eighty- four per cent (84%) of the entire survey. Furthermore, the reliability of the research survey instrument was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reliability while a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test the hypothesis deducted to quantify the twelve (12) waste materials recognized as waste generated in Nigeria. For the first hypothesis, sig- values were greater than 0.05, which implies that the null-hypothesis (Ho) is valid. The findings show that the most waste generated include concrete, wood and reinforcement, while drywall and bitumen comprise the least amounts of waste generated in the Nigerian construction industry. The T-test carried out on the statistical inferential comparison of the mean variance between the quantity of waste generated on site and the allowable waste shows that the sig- value (0.020) is less than 0.050. This consequently implies that the null-hypothesis (Ho) is not valid. The exploratory factor analysis conducted indicates factors influencing the waste generation are classified into five groups which comprise poor coordination and communication, inadequate planning and design, inappropriate materials transportation and storage systems, inefficient procurement and contractual agreements, and poor project execution and supervision. The approaches employed towards the waste management were also grouped into three (3) which comprise practical legal framework and modular construction, sustainable procurement and material optimization, and proper construction detailing and design. The findings indicate effects such as burden on landfill sites, shortage of land for building construction, air, land and water pollution, release of toxin and emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) as adverse effects of waste on the environment. The benefits fromwaste... , M.Tech. (Construction Management)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Aboginije, Ademilade Joseph
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Construction industry , Landfill final covers
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/481857 , uj:43675
- Description: Abstract: The construction industry is an important investment-led and dynamic sector that contributes positively to the developmental progress in any economy. However, the construction industry is seen as an ineffective sector owing to the bulky waste it produces. It is also regarded as a key contributor to the negative effect on the environment caused by extreme amounts of waste generated on- and off-site. This study assesses the quantities of waste generated, the factors influencing waste generation, the waste management approaches implemented, the adverse effects of waste and the benefits from construction and demolition waste management implemented in the Nigerian construction industry. The data used in this study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected through survey questionnaires distributed via emails to the targeted respondents who are construction professionals while the secondary data were collected via the review of related literature. Out of the two hundred (200) questionnaires distributed, only one-hundred and sixty-eight (168) valid data were retrieved and used for the analysis. The collected data accounted for eighty- four per cent (84%) of the entire survey. Furthermore, the reliability of the research survey instrument was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reliability while a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test the hypothesis deducted to quantify the twelve (12) waste materials recognized as waste generated in Nigeria. For the first hypothesis, sig- values were greater than 0.05, which implies that the null-hypothesis (Ho) is valid. The findings show that the most waste generated include concrete, wood and reinforcement, while drywall and bitumen comprise the least amounts of waste generated in the Nigerian construction industry. The T-test carried out on the statistical inferential comparison of the mean variance between the quantity of waste generated on site and the allowable waste shows that the sig- value (0.020) is less than 0.050. This consequently implies that the null-hypothesis (Ho) is not valid. The exploratory factor analysis conducted indicates factors influencing the waste generation are classified into five groups which comprise poor coordination and communication, inadequate planning and design, inappropriate materials transportation and storage systems, inefficient procurement and contractual agreements, and poor project execution and supervision. The approaches employed towards the waste management were also grouped into three (3) which comprise practical legal framework and modular construction, sustainable procurement and material optimization, and proper construction detailing and design. The findings indicate effects such as burden on landfill sites, shortage of land for building construction, air, land and water pollution, release of toxin and emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) as adverse effects of waste on the environment. The benefits fromwaste... , M.Tech. (Construction Management)
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Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices on waste management among formal and informal residents in Edendale, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, 2019-2020
- Mandikiana, Lawrence Tatenda
- Authors: Mandikiana, Lawrence Tatenda
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Refuse and refuse disposal - Health aspects , Squatter settlements
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/476729 , uj:43050
- Description: Abstract: Background: Unregulated waste generated from informal settlements has been found to be between 0.001 to 0.026kg/person/day which is contrary to 0.001 to 0.015kg/person/day for formal residents ( Bello & Ismail, 2016). Individual municipalities in South Africa spends more than R100 million annually towards attending illegal waste deposits (Ntseku, 2019). Waste generated by daily human activities is left to accumulate in ubiquitous and unregulated dumpsites and has been discovered to be largely attributed to informal settlements. Although studies conclude that there are distinctive amounts of waste generated between formal and informal dwellers, a comparison on knowledge, attitude, and practices on how these differences in waste management practices come about has not been explored. This study sought to examine a comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of waste management among formal and informal dwellers in Edendale KwaZulu-Natal... , M.A. (Public Health)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mandikiana, Lawrence Tatenda
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal , Refuse and refuse disposal - Health aspects , Squatter settlements
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/476729 , uj:43050
- Description: Abstract: Background: Unregulated waste generated from informal settlements has been found to be between 0.001 to 0.026kg/person/day which is contrary to 0.001 to 0.015kg/person/day for formal residents ( Bello & Ismail, 2016). Individual municipalities in South Africa spends more than R100 million annually towards attending illegal waste deposits (Ntseku, 2019). Waste generated by daily human activities is left to accumulate in ubiquitous and unregulated dumpsites and has been discovered to be largely attributed to informal settlements. Although studies conclude that there are distinctive amounts of waste generated between formal and informal dwellers, a comparison on knowledge, attitude, and practices on how these differences in waste management practices come about has not been explored. This study sought to examine a comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of waste management among formal and informal dwellers in Edendale KwaZulu-Natal... , M.A. (Public Health)
- Full Text:
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