Investigation of project delays in construction projects in the South African Rail Industry
- Motlhatlhedi, Itumeleng Gladwell
- Authors: Motlhatlhedi, Itumeleng Gladwell
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction industry - Management , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: M.Phil. (Engineering Management)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/393714 , uj:32586
- Description: Abstract : The construction industry is one of the largest contributing sectors towards the Gross Domestic Product of countries globally, and South Africa is no exception. The construction industry in South Africa and globally, are marred with extensive delays. This is a persisting enduring challenge. This study investigated the project delay factors in construction projects, particularly the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa and Transnet traction substation projects in the South African railway engineering environment. The research also presented the remedial actions and mitigations suitable to be implemented to manage project delays in the project engineering environment. The research was conducted through a literature review and a questionnaire survey. The deductive research approach was employed. An online questionnaire survey was used to collect primary data. The literature review summary revealed eight top project delay-causing factors in traction substation projects, forming the basis of the questionnaire. The questionnaire results correlated with the literature review. This dissertation proposed suitable measures to manage delays in construction projects, improving the quality of work, and to manage cost and schedule overruns. , Masters (Thesis)
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- Authors: Motlhatlhedi, Itumeleng Gladwell
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction industry - Management , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: M.Phil. (Engineering Management)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/393714 , uj:32586
- Description: Abstract : The construction industry is one of the largest contributing sectors towards the Gross Domestic Product of countries globally, and South Africa is no exception. The construction industry in South Africa and globally, are marred with extensive delays. This is a persisting enduring challenge. This study investigated the project delay factors in construction projects, particularly the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa and Transnet traction substation projects in the South African railway engineering environment. The research also presented the remedial actions and mitigations suitable to be implemented to manage project delays in the project engineering environment. The research was conducted through a literature review and a questionnaire survey. The deductive research approach was employed. An online questionnaire survey was used to collect primary data. The literature review summary revealed eight top project delay-causing factors in traction substation projects, forming the basis of the questionnaire. The questionnaire results correlated with the literature review. This dissertation proposed suitable measures to manage delays in construction projects, improving the quality of work, and to manage cost and schedule overruns. , Masters (Thesis)
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A systematic literature review of the agile methodology applied during construction project design
- Authors: Mnqonywa, Sixolile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Project management , Construction industry - Management , Construction projects , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/284864 , uj:30781
- Description: M.Phil. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Infrastructure is one of the main agents for economic growth, infrastructure supports the improvement of a nation the people. This is more noteworthy in developing countries, countries with less developed infrastructure suffer from missed opportunities and business. Building roads, schools, airports, power stations and water treatment facilities will not only empower the country’s economy and socioeconomics but will provide sustainable jobs for the country. However, the civil construction industry is known for its time and cost overrun which can damper the progression of economic growth of a country. There are investments being wasted in the civil construction projects caused by varies issues and these issues differ from projects. The research investigated the application of agile methodology in the design phase of a civil construction project to mitigate challenges and improve the delivery in the design phase. The research conducted a literature review to get the background knowledge and to have a broader understanding of the problem and solution method. The search than conducted a systematic literature review where the guidelines, procedures, of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention, was used. Following the systematic literature rigorous procedure, the final studies that were collected amounted to 22 out of the 2440 studies. The 22 studies were analysed using thematic analysis, from conducting the analysis it found four themes for challenges in the design stage of a project, which are 1) Schedule overrun 2) Construction Waste management 3) Design Performance 4) Project Management. Applying agile methodology on the challenges indicated that the methodology can have an improvement in the design stage of a civil engineering project, by increasing transparency and adding value to the project, utilizing time management and increasing both the client’s contribution and the team’s morale this factor and much more from agile approaches can improve the delivery of the design phase.
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- Authors: Mnqonywa, Sixolile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Project management , Construction industry - Management , Construction projects , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/284864 , uj:30781
- Description: M.Phil. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Infrastructure is one of the main agents for economic growth, infrastructure supports the improvement of a nation the people. This is more noteworthy in developing countries, countries with less developed infrastructure suffer from missed opportunities and business. Building roads, schools, airports, power stations and water treatment facilities will not only empower the country’s economy and socioeconomics but will provide sustainable jobs for the country. However, the civil construction industry is known for its time and cost overrun which can damper the progression of economic growth of a country. There are investments being wasted in the civil construction projects caused by varies issues and these issues differ from projects. The research investigated the application of agile methodology in the design phase of a civil construction project to mitigate challenges and improve the delivery in the design phase. The research conducted a literature review to get the background knowledge and to have a broader understanding of the problem and solution method. The search than conducted a systematic literature review where the guidelines, procedures, of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention, was used. Following the systematic literature rigorous procedure, the final studies that were collected amounted to 22 out of the 2440 studies. The 22 studies were analysed using thematic analysis, from conducting the analysis it found four themes for challenges in the design stage of a project, which are 1) Schedule overrun 2) Construction Waste management 3) Design Performance 4) Project Management. Applying agile methodology on the challenges indicated that the methodology can have an improvement in the design stage of a civil engineering project, by increasing transparency and adding value to the project, utilizing time management and increasing both the client’s contribution and the team’s morale this factor and much more from agile approaches can improve the delivery of the design phase.
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Factors affecting the performance of a manufacturing supply chain and the impact of the factors on the supply chain and the organization
- Authors: Mazibuko, Siphesihle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Business logistics , Business logistics - Management , Manufacturing industries - Management , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/269803 , uj:28666
- Description: M.Phil. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Supply chain (SC) is an integrated process of various business functions used, to source raw material, add value to the raw material, and deliver the product to the customer. The common element to all manufacturing entities is the control of material flow, value adding (manufacturing) processes, and distribution channels to customers. With the ever-increasing competitive environment, many manufacturing companies around the world, including those in South Africa, experience a shortfall in the desired outcomes. As a result a number of organizations have looked at a possible mechanism to put in place to maintain or gain the competitive advantage, or to maintain or increase market share. Industry maturity saw a number of organizations implement the use of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to try to minimize costs, increase profits, and meet customer expectations, i.e. on time in full delivery (OTIFD) of a product or service against contractual or negotiated dates and in accordance with the customer requirements (Quality). This research examined the factors that affect the performance (on-time delivery) of a manufacturing supply chain. Two research questions had to be addressed to reach this goal:- (i) What are the factors affecting the on-time-delivery of the supply chain? (ii) What is the impact of these factors on the supply chain and the organization? In addition to the data collected from literature, two other data sets were collected for this research. Operational data were collected from a performance management tool (Qlikview) and the other set of data was collected through interviews with the use of a questionnaire. Both sets of data were analysed to identify any common patterns when it comes to the factors that affect the performance of supply chain. The results of the analysis suggest that the factors that contribute the most to poor supply chain performance are social factors. There is also an indication that there is a relationship between internal deliveries and customer deliveries...
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- Authors: Mazibuko, Siphesihle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Business logistics , Business logistics - Management , Manufacturing industries - Management , Production scheduling
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/269803 , uj:28666
- Description: M.Phil. (Engineering Management) , Abstract: Supply chain (SC) is an integrated process of various business functions used, to source raw material, add value to the raw material, and deliver the product to the customer. The common element to all manufacturing entities is the control of material flow, value adding (manufacturing) processes, and distribution channels to customers. With the ever-increasing competitive environment, many manufacturing companies around the world, including those in South Africa, experience a shortfall in the desired outcomes. As a result a number of organizations have looked at a possible mechanism to put in place to maintain or gain the competitive advantage, or to maintain or increase market share. Industry maturity saw a number of organizations implement the use of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to try to minimize costs, increase profits, and meet customer expectations, i.e. on time in full delivery (OTIFD) of a product or service against contractual or negotiated dates and in accordance with the customer requirements (Quality). This research examined the factors that affect the performance (on-time delivery) of a manufacturing supply chain. Two research questions had to be addressed to reach this goal:- (i) What are the factors affecting the on-time-delivery of the supply chain? (ii) What is the impact of these factors on the supply chain and the organization? In addition to the data collected from literature, two other data sets were collected for this research. Operational data were collected from a performance management tool (Qlikview) and the other set of data was collected through interviews with the use of a questionnaire. Both sets of data were analysed to identify any common patterns when it comes to the factors that affect the performance of supply chain. The results of the analysis suggest that the factors that contribute the most to poor supply chain performance are social factors. There is also an indication that there is a relationship between internal deliveries and customer deliveries...
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Evaluating performance of production scheduling from an economic perspective
- Authors: Mapokgole, Johannes
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Total opportunity cost
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4945 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13045
- Description: Production scheduling which is a part of the planning and control of production units lies at the heart of the performance of manufacturing organizations. Production scheduling determines organizational performance. The need for efficient scheduling has greatly increased in recent decades owing to market demands for product quality, flexibility and order flow times, and other measures. However, although scheduling research activities have in the same period moved from purely academic exercises to serious attempts to solve practical problems in companies, successful implementations of scheduling techniques in practice are still scarce [1-6] and less attempt on solving the same from an economic perspective. In many companies, scheduling is still a typically human domain. However, the task of scheduling production units can become very complex. Humans are not very well equipped to barely control or optimize large and complex systems without computational tools, and the relations between actions and effects are difficult to assess. This paper will focus on problems that are related to the complexity of scheduling in practice. Scheduling based on this technique is often changed by the scheduler due to random disruptions or are not carried out exactly as preplanned on the shop floor. Because of the complex production processes, schedules are often difficult to assess mainly in terms of production cost. This paper takes a leap approach by assessing production performance in terms of cost. A new criterion of optimality is also proposed and used. This criterion is termed “total opportunity cost” and takes into account the different single criterion in a weighed term.
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- Authors: Mapokgole, Johannes
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Total opportunity cost
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4945 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13045
- Description: Production scheduling which is a part of the planning and control of production units lies at the heart of the performance of manufacturing organizations. Production scheduling determines organizational performance. The need for efficient scheduling has greatly increased in recent decades owing to market demands for product quality, flexibility and order flow times, and other measures. However, although scheduling research activities have in the same period moved from purely academic exercises to serious attempts to solve practical problems in companies, successful implementations of scheduling techniques in practice are still scarce [1-6] and less attempt on solving the same from an economic perspective. In many companies, scheduling is still a typically human domain. However, the task of scheduling production units can become very complex. Humans are not very well equipped to barely control or optimize large and complex systems without computational tools, and the relations between actions and effects are difficult to assess. This paper will focus on problems that are related to the complexity of scheduling in practice. Scheduling based on this technique is often changed by the scheduler due to random disruptions or are not carried out exactly as preplanned on the shop floor. Because of the complex production processes, schedules are often difficult to assess mainly in terms of production cost. This paper takes a leap approach by assessing production performance in terms of cost. A new criterion of optimality is also proposed and used. This criterion is termed “total opportunity cost” and takes into account the different single criterion in a weighed term.
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Operating system scheduling optimization
- Authors: Anderson, George Georgevich
- Date: 2013-05-28
- Subjects: Operating systems (Computers) , Production scheduling , Computer scheduling
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7567 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8430
- Description: D.Phil. (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) , This thesis explores methods for improving, or optimizing, Operating System (OS) scheduling. We first study the problem of tuning an OS scheduler by setting various parameters, or knobs, made available. This problem has not been addressed extensively in the literature, and has never been solved for the default Linux OS scheduler. We present three methods useful for tuning an Operating System scheduler in order to improve the quality of scheduling leading to better performance for workloads. The first method is based on Response Surface Methodology, the second on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), while the third is based on the Golden Section method. We test our proposed methods using experiments and suitable benchmarks and validate their viability. Results indicate significant gains in execution time for workloads tuned with these methods over execution time for workloads running under schedulers with default, unoptimized tuning parameters. The gains for using RSM-based over default scheduling parameter settings are only limited by the type of workload (how much time it needs to execute); gains of up to 16:48% were obtained, but even more are possible, as described in the thesis. When comparing PSO with Golden Section, PSO produced better scheduling parameter settings, but it took longer to do so, while Golden Section produced slightly worse parameter settings, but much faster. We also study a problem very critical to scheduling on modern Central Processing Units (CPUs). Modern CPUs have multicore designs, which corresponds to having more than one CPU on a single chip. These are known as Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs). The CMP is now the standard type of CPU for many different types of computers, including Personal Computers.
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- Authors: Anderson, George Georgevich
- Date: 2013-05-28
- Subjects: Operating systems (Computers) , Production scheduling , Computer scheduling
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7567 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8430
- Description: D.Phil. (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) , This thesis explores methods for improving, or optimizing, Operating System (OS) scheduling. We first study the problem of tuning an OS scheduler by setting various parameters, or knobs, made available. This problem has not been addressed extensively in the literature, and has never been solved for the default Linux OS scheduler. We present three methods useful for tuning an Operating System scheduler in order to improve the quality of scheduling leading to better performance for workloads. The first method is based on Response Surface Methodology, the second on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), while the third is based on the Golden Section method. We test our proposed methods using experiments and suitable benchmarks and validate their viability. Results indicate significant gains in execution time for workloads tuned with these methods over execution time for workloads running under schedulers with default, unoptimized tuning parameters. The gains for using RSM-based over default scheduling parameter settings are only limited by the type of workload (how much time it needs to execute); gains of up to 16:48% were obtained, but even more are possible, as described in the thesis. When comparing PSO with Golden Section, PSO produced better scheduling parameter settings, but it took longer to do so, while Golden Section produced slightly worse parameter settings, but much faster. We also study a problem very critical to scheduling on modern Central Processing Units (CPUs). Modern CPUs have multicore designs, which corresponds to having more than one CPU on a single chip. These are known as Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs). The CMP is now the standard type of CPU for many different types of computers, including Personal Computers.
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Evaluating performance of production scheduling from an economic perspective
- Mapokgole, J., Mbohwa, Charles
- Authors: Mapokgole, J. , Mbohwa, Charles
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Total opportunity cost
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5101 , ISBN 978-3-902823-50-2 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13773
- Description: Production scheduling which is a part of the planning and control of production units lies at the heart of the performance of manufacturing organizations. Production scheduling determines organizational performance. The need for efficient scheduling has greatly increased in recent decades owing to market demands for product quality, flexibility and order flow times, and other measures. However, although scheduling research activities have in the same period moved from purely academic exercises to serious attempts to solve practical problems in companies, successful implementations of scheduling techniques in practice are still scarce [1-6] and less attempt on solving the same from an economic perspective. In many companies, scheduling is still a typically human domain. However, the task of scheduling production units can become very complex. Humans are not very well equipped to barely control or optimize large and complex systems without computational tools, and the relations between actions and effects are difficult to assess. This paper will focus on problems that are related to the complexity of scheduling in practice. Scheduling based on this techniqueis often changed by the scheduler due to random disruptions or are not carried out exactly as preplanned on the shop floor. Because of the complex production processes, schedules are often difficult to assess mainly in terms of production cost. This paper takes a leap approach by assessing production performance in terms of cost. A new criterion of optimality is also proposed and used. This criterion is termed “total opportunity cost” and takes into account the different single criterion in a weighed term.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Mapokgole, J. , Mbohwa, Charles
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Total opportunity cost
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5101 , ISBN 978-3-902823-50-2 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13773
- Description: Production scheduling which is a part of the planning and control of production units lies at the heart of the performance of manufacturing organizations. Production scheduling determines organizational performance. The need for efficient scheduling has greatly increased in recent decades owing to market demands for product quality, flexibility and order flow times, and other measures. However, although scheduling research activities have in the same period moved from purely academic exercises to serious attempts to solve practical problems in companies, successful implementations of scheduling techniques in practice are still scarce [1-6] and less attempt on solving the same from an economic perspective. In many companies, scheduling is still a typically human domain. However, the task of scheduling production units can become very complex. Humans are not very well equipped to barely control or optimize large and complex systems without computational tools, and the relations between actions and effects are difficult to assess. This paper will focus on problems that are related to the complexity of scheduling in practice. Scheduling based on this techniqueis often changed by the scheduler due to random disruptions or are not carried out exactly as preplanned on the shop floor. Because of the complex production processes, schedules are often difficult to assess mainly in terms of production cost. This paper takes a leap approach by assessing production performance in terms of cost. A new criterion of optimality is also proposed and used. This criterion is termed “total opportunity cost” and takes into account the different single criterion in a weighed term.
- Full Text: false
The art of managing production disruptions in pump industry through visual management
- Authors: Mapokgole, Johannes
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Disruptions management , Pump industry
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4980 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13081
- Description: The current business environment in pump manufacturing companies is characterized by markets facing fierce competition. Customer expectations as a result are becoming increasingly higher in terms of quality, cost and delivery dates. These expectations are even worse due to rapid development of new information and communication technologies which provide direct connections between companies and their clients. Therefore, companies must have powerful “planning and controlling” mechanisms at their disposal. To achieve this, companies rely on a number of functions including production scheduling. Production scheduling strategies and disruptions management in pump industry are investigated, followed by a new-fangled concept suitable for addressing problems considered herein. Slot allocation process which starts by assigning slot number and/or confirmed order and ends when it is accepted into the queue by operations planning is presented. We further examine and relate market needs with manufacturing capacity available and supplier capacity by employing basic theory of work measurements, e.g., TAKT time, etc.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mapokgole, Johannes
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Disruptions management , Pump industry
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4980 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13081
- Description: The current business environment in pump manufacturing companies is characterized by markets facing fierce competition. Customer expectations as a result are becoming increasingly higher in terms of quality, cost and delivery dates. These expectations are even worse due to rapid development of new information and communication technologies which provide direct connections between companies and their clients. Therefore, companies must have powerful “planning and controlling” mechanisms at their disposal. To achieve this, companies rely on a number of functions including production scheduling. Production scheduling strategies and disruptions management in pump industry are investigated, followed by a new-fangled concept suitable for addressing problems considered herein. Slot allocation process which starts by assigning slot number and/or confirmed order and ends when it is accepted into the queue by operations planning is presented. We further examine and relate market needs with manufacturing capacity available and supplier capacity by employing basic theory of work measurements, e.g., TAKT time, etc.
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A scheduling model for production in a hot strip mill
- Authors: Hamman, Gert J. M.
- Date: 2011-12-06
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Mills and mill-work , Steel-works , Mills and mill-work technological innovations , Steel-works technological innovations , Mills and mill-work production standards , Steel-works production standards
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1843 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4201
- Description: M.Ing. , This research dissertation highlights the important role of scheduling in a production environment. The functioning of an integrated iron and steel works is discussed. The importance of production scheduling in this environment is shown, followed by a literature survey of strip mill production scheduling models. Thereafter a model is introduced that aids in the production scheduling of plate via coil in a hot strip mill. Finally the benefits of the scheduling model are shown.
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- Authors: Hamman, Gert J. M.
- Date: 2011-12-06
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Mills and mill-work , Steel-works , Mills and mill-work technological innovations , Steel-works technological innovations , Mills and mill-work production standards , Steel-works production standards
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1843 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4201
- Description: M.Ing. , This research dissertation highlights the important role of scheduling in a production environment. The functioning of an integrated iron and steel works is discussed. The importance of production scheduling in this environment is shown, followed by a literature survey of strip mill production scheduling models. Thereafter a model is introduced that aids in the production scheduling of plate via coil in a hot strip mill. Finally the benefits of the scheduling model are shown.
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Economic scheduling of steam boiler plant shut downs for targeted availability
- Authors: Els, Daniel Pieter
- Date: 2011-11-30
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Steam-boilers
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1750 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4105
- Description: M.Ing. , In the highly competitive environment in which all companies have to operate, it is becoming more and more important to optimise the amount of time a piece of equipment is down for scheduled repairs and the scheduling of these repairs. In this dissertation the equipment that is considered are the seventeen Babcock Borsig designed boilers situated on the Sasol Secunda site. A schematic drawing of these boilers is shown in figure 1. This drawing does not include the Electrostatic Precipitator that is located at the outlet of the boiler. The main function of the seventeen boilers on the Secunda site is to supply process steam to the rest of the factory. With each of the plants that are supplied with process steam having its own needs at any point in time, ensuring that enough steam is available in the system becomes an extremely important issue. The reason for this is that the plants that are supplied with process steam form a train and if one of the plants can not produce to full capacity, the down stream plants are also affected. The secondary function of the boilers is to supply steam to ten turbines for the generation of electricity. This means that any steam that the factory is not using is used for the generation of electricity. The ten generators can not supply the full need of the factory and the rest is drawn in from the national electricity supplier. It is thus best to generate as much electricity as possible. With the price of electricity varying during the year, winter being more expensive, the time when a boiler is off becomes critical. To ensure that the necessary process steam is available the long term plan of the factory is used to calculate the year budget for steam required by the factory. But as with everything plans do change and a short term plan is used to ensure that enough process steam is available for the factory.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Els, Daniel Pieter
- Date: 2011-11-30
- Subjects: Production scheduling , Steam-boilers
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1750 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4105
- Description: M.Ing. , In the highly competitive environment in which all companies have to operate, it is becoming more and more important to optimise the amount of time a piece of equipment is down for scheduled repairs and the scheduling of these repairs. In this dissertation the equipment that is considered are the seventeen Babcock Borsig designed boilers situated on the Sasol Secunda site. A schematic drawing of these boilers is shown in figure 1. This drawing does not include the Electrostatic Precipitator that is located at the outlet of the boiler. The main function of the seventeen boilers on the Secunda site is to supply process steam to the rest of the factory. With each of the plants that are supplied with process steam having its own needs at any point in time, ensuring that enough steam is available in the system becomes an extremely important issue. The reason for this is that the plants that are supplied with process steam form a train and if one of the plants can not produce to full capacity, the down stream plants are also affected. The secondary function of the boilers is to supply steam to ten turbines for the generation of electricity. This means that any steam that the factory is not using is used for the generation of electricity. The ten generators can not supply the full need of the factory and the rest is drawn in from the national electricity supplier. It is thus best to generate as much electricity as possible. With the price of electricity varying during the year, winter being more expensive, the time when a boiler is off becomes critical. To ensure that the necessary process steam is available the long term plan of the factory is used to calculate the year budget for steam required by the factory. But as with everything plans do change and a short term plan is used to ensure that enough process steam is available for the factory.
- Full Text:
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