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The impact of the rand exchange rate volatility on the pricing strategies in the apparel retail sector

- Mphanje, Hlompho

  • Authors: Mphanje, Hlompho
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Pricing , Foreign exchange rates
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/369177 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124227 , uj:20892
  • Description: Abstract: Pricing strategies have become one of the most important aspects of any business as these give a reflection on everything that a business does, from inception of product development to the final product. Furthermore, price optimisation has the highest impact on increasing company profits. However, these profits are affected by price increases stemming from an increase in input costs. On the other hand, price decreases are often caused by the marking down of non-performing products or reducing prices on the back of a reduction in competitor prices. Apparel retailers sometimes import textiles and clothing in order to produce and change the styling of garments locally. However, imports of clothing have been increasing steadily, which has reduced the demand for textiles from domestic clothing manufactures. The quantity of textile and apparel that is imported is affected by the unpredictable change in dollar/rand exchange rate. This forces apparel retailers to revise their pricing strategies and amend prices and sell in order to maximise revenue. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of the rand exchange rate volatility on pricing strategies within the apparel retail sector. In agreement with existing literature, the paper finds that volatility exhibits a negative relationship with price. The Engle Granger single equation test for cointegration as well as error correction model (ECM) were used to test whether there are existing long-run and short-run relationships between the following variables: logged Dunns retail selling price (LDRSP) and volatility of exchange rate (VOL), consumer price index (CPI), Dunns cost of sales (DCS), Dunns quantity demanded or sold (DNQ), producer price index (PPI), Edgars retail selling price (ERS), Edgars cost of sales (ECS), exchange rate (EX). The ECM results showed a negative and significant coefficient of adjustment- with a quick adjustment back to equilibrium level. Vector error correction model (VECM) was estimated in order to produce impulse response functions (IRP). These showed that shocks in all the exogenous variables considered do not exhibit permanent effects on prices. When the shocks are experienced or felt by apparel retailers, Dunns retail selling prices increase and decrease accordingly, and then revert to equilibrium level over time. , M.Com.
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Saamgestelde portefeuljes : 'n kritiese risikometings- en evalueringsmodel

- Goosen, Eugene

  • Authors: Goosen, Eugene
  • Date: 2012-08-28
  • Subjects: Risk assessment , Pricing , Portfolio management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:3352 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6752
  • Description: M.Comm. , ffntroduction Measuring and evaluating risks are essential in a dynamic derivative market to minimize risks. The management of risks in the derivative market is complex due to the non-linear properties of option pricing Method of study The a first step of the study analyzed the "greek" derivatives of a single option contract (e.g. delta, gamma, vega, theta). The next step was to combine and analyze the derivatives of various option contracts. The study pointed out that the risk profile can be amended by combining option contracts. A risk measurement and evaluation model was constructed by creating a table that will simulate option prices at different time horizons and at different market prices. The model will also simulate all the derivatives of options in a table form at different time horizons and at different market prices. The model finally used the tables to reflect the results graphically. Findings The last section of the study was devoted to scenario simulation to identify risks. Firstly the management of the delta was analyzed, and the use of the gamma to identify delta sensitivity was illustrated. The management of the vega was addressed next. The study showed that a combination of options can minimize the risk of vega. The effect of theta or the time value of a option was illustrated and linked to both gamma and vega. The study demonstrated that the results of volatile movements in the market can be simulated by combining the derivatives of options (e.g. add the deltas of options together), and to stress test the strategy. "What if' scenarios can be simulated to illustrate the effect on a current position combined with some amendments.
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Oligopolistic competition in heterogeneous access networks under asymmetries of cost and capacity

- Zhu, Hailing, Nel, Andre

  • Authors: Zhu, Hailing , Nel, Andre
  • Date: 2012
  • Subjects: Heterogeneous access network , Pricing , Game theory , Oligopolistic competition
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:6034 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10421
  • Description: With the rapid development of broadband wireless access technologies, multiple wireless service provider (WSPs) operating on various wireless access technologies may coexist in one service area to compete for users, leading to a highly competitive environment for the WSPs. In such a competitive heterogeneous wireless access market, different wireless access technologies used by different WSPs have different bandwidth capacities with various costs. In this paper, we set up a noncooperative game model to study how the cost asymmetry and capacity asymmetry among WSPs affect the competition in this market. We first model such a competitive heterogeneous wireless access market as an oligopolistic price competition, in which multiple WSPs compete for a group of price- and delay-sensitive users through their prices, under cost and capacity asymmetries, to maximize their own profits. Then, we develop an analytical framework to investigate whether or not a Nash equilibrium can be achieved among the WSPs in the presence of the cost and capacity asymmetries, how the asymmetries of cost and capacity affect their equilibrium prices and what impact a new WSP with a cost and capacity advantage entering the market has on the equilibrium achieved among existing WSPs.
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Prysbepaling in die gedereguleerde bakbedryf

- Olivier, Johannes Martin

Investigating random linear coding from a pricing perspective

- Zhu, Hailing, Ouahada, Khmaies

  • Authors: Zhu, Hailing , Ouahada, Khmaies
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Bulk service , Pricing , Queuing theory
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/282481 , uj:30427 , Citation: Zhu, H. & Ouahada, K. 2018. Investigating random linear coding from a pricing perspective. Entropy 2018, 20, 548; doi:10.3390/e20080548
  • Description: Abstract: In this paper, we study the implications of using a form of network coding known as Random Linear Coding (RLC) for unicast communications from an economic perspective by investigating a simple scenario, in which several network nodes, the users, download files from the Internet via another network node, the sender, and the receivers as users pay a certain price to the sender for this service. The mean packet delay for a transmission scheme with RLC is analyzed and applied into an optimal pricing model to characterize the optimal admission rate, price and revenue. The simulation results show that RLC achieves better performance in terms of both mean packet delay and revenue compared to the basic retransmission scheme. Abstract: In this paper, we study the implications of using a form of network coding known as Random Linear Coding (RLC) for unicast communications from an economic perspective by investigating a simple scenario, in which several network nodes, the users, download files from the Internet via another network node, the sender, and the receivers as users pay a certain price to the sender for this service. The mean packet delay for a transmission scheme with RLC is analyzed and applied into an optimal pricing model to characterize the optimal admission rate, price and revenue. The simulation results show that RLC achieves better performance in terms of both mean packet delay and revenue compared to the basic retransmission scheme.
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GARCH option pricing models in a South African

- Venter, Pierre J., Mar'e, Eben

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