A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution
- Emmanuel, Bamidele, Makhatha, Elizabeth, Nheta, Willie
- Authors: Emmanuel, Bamidele , Makhatha, Elizabeth , Nheta, Willie
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Arsenic adsorption , Arsenic fixation , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291122 , uj:31607 , Citation: Emmanuel, B., Makhatha, E. & Nheta, W. 2019. A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution. Energy Procedia 157 (2019) 966–971. 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.263
- Description: Abstract: Mining is a strategic sector of the global economy. However, the effects of mining and mineral processing activities on human health and environment cannot be overemphasized. The prevailing areas of concern include: air quality, water quality, water quantity and the ecological impacts of these activities. Mines activities bring about the release of used water into the environment, nearby rivers or into the ground. Streams, wells and lakes surrounding the mines and the underground water are affected by these mining and mineral processing activities. Arsenic is a major trace impurity that contaminates the air and water surrounding copper mines as a result of the various activities of mining and mineral processing. It therefore poses a worrisome threat to human health and sustainability of the environment. The use of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound has been identified as an effective adsorption technique for the immobilization of arsenic from numerous aqueous solutions. The leaching behaviour of copper and arsenic were analyzed in this review to provide a knowledge on the behaviour of different adsorbents such as lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compounds during the adsorption reactions...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Emmanuel, Bamidele , Makhatha, Elizabeth , Nheta, Willie
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Arsenic adsorption , Arsenic fixation , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291122 , uj:31607 , Citation: Emmanuel, B., Makhatha, E. & Nheta, W. 2019. A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution. Energy Procedia 157 (2019) 966–971. 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.263
- Description: Abstract: Mining is a strategic sector of the global economy. However, the effects of mining and mineral processing activities on human health and environment cannot be overemphasized. The prevailing areas of concern include: air quality, water quality, water quantity and the ecological impacts of these activities. Mines activities bring about the release of used water into the environment, nearby rivers or into the ground. Streams, wells and lakes surrounding the mines and the underground water are affected by these mining and mineral processing activities. Arsenic is a major trace impurity that contaminates the air and water surrounding copper mines as a result of the various activities of mining and mineral processing. It therefore poses a worrisome threat to human health and sustainability of the environment. The use of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound has been identified as an effective adsorption technique for the immobilization of arsenic from numerous aqueous solutions. The leaching behaviour of copper and arsenic were analyzed in this review to provide a knowledge on the behaviour of different adsorbents such as lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compounds during the adsorption reactions...
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Die invloed van fosfaatbesoedeling op aspekte van die produktiwiteit van Taaibosspruitsisteem in die omgewing van Sasolburg
- Authors: Booyse, Francois Abraham
- Date: 1971
- Subjects: Pollution
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Masters Thesis
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/18001 , uj:15948
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Sc.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Booyse, Francois Abraham
- Date: 1971
- Subjects: Pollution
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Masters Thesis
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/18001 , uj:15948
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Sc.
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Evaluation of trace elemental levels as pollution indicators in an abandoned gold mine dump in Ekurhuleni Area, South Africa
- Okereafor, Godwin, Makhatha, Mamookho, Mekuto, Lukhanyo, Mavumengwana, Vuyo
- Authors: Okereafor, Godwin , Makhatha, Mamookho , Mekuto, Lukhanyo , Mavumengwana, Vuyo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mine tailings , Trace metal , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Book Chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/406531 , uj:34183 , Citation: Okereafor, G. et al. 2019 : Evaluation of trace elemental levels as pollution indicators in an abandoned gold mine dump in Ekurhuleni Area, South Africa.
- Description: Abstract : In the Blesbokspruit area of Ekuhurleni, South Africa, previous gold mining activities resulted in many tailings dump sites. 20 representative soil samples were used in describing the distribution of metals. The soils were very strongly acidic ranging from 3.86 to 4.34 with a low cation exchange capacity (CEC). Based on X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, elemental composition of the soils revealed average values of major elements such as Na2O (0.18%), MgO (0.63%), Al2O3 (6.51%), SiO2 (81.83%), P2O5 (0.04%), SO3 (3.40%), K2O (1.98%), CaO (0.45%), TiO2 (0.51%), Cr2O3 (0.17%), MnO (0.04%), Fe2O3 (3.59%), NiO (0.04%), As2O3 (0.02%), with Rb2O and SrO falling below 0.01%. Trace metals (TM) contamination levels in the soils were evaluated using various pollution indices which revealed that over 60% of the soils were between the high degree and the ultra-high degree of contamination classes. The concentration of various trace metals varies from 860.3–862.6 mg/kg for Cr; 324.9–328.4 mg/kg for Al; 200.9– 203.4 mg/kg for As; 130.1–136.2 mg/kg for Fe; 121.9–125.8 mg/kg for Pb; 27.3–30.2 mg/kg for Co; 23.8–26.8 mg/kg for Ni; 7.2–9.2 mg/kg for Ti; 7.1–9.2 mg/kg for Cd; 4.0–5.6 mg/kg for Zn and 0.1–0.6 mg/kg for Cu.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Okereafor, Godwin , Makhatha, Mamookho , Mekuto, Lukhanyo , Mavumengwana, Vuyo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mine tailings , Trace metal , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Book Chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/406531 , uj:34183 , Citation: Okereafor, G. et al. 2019 : Evaluation of trace elemental levels as pollution indicators in an abandoned gold mine dump in Ekurhuleni Area, South Africa.
- Description: Abstract : In the Blesbokspruit area of Ekuhurleni, South Africa, previous gold mining activities resulted in many tailings dump sites. 20 representative soil samples were used in describing the distribution of metals. The soils were very strongly acidic ranging from 3.86 to 4.34 with a low cation exchange capacity (CEC). Based on X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, elemental composition of the soils revealed average values of major elements such as Na2O (0.18%), MgO (0.63%), Al2O3 (6.51%), SiO2 (81.83%), P2O5 (0.04%), SO3 (3.40%), K2O (1.98%), CaO (0.45%), TiO2 (0.51%), Cr2O3 (0.17%), MnO (0.04%), Fe2O3 (3.59%), NiO (0.04%), As2O3 (0.02%), with Rb2O and SrO falling below 0.01%. Trace metals (TM) contamination levels in the soils were evaluated using various pollution indices which revealed that over 60% of the soils were between the high degree and the ultra-high degree of contamination classes. The concentration of various trace metals varies from 860.3–862.6 mg/kg for Cr; 324.9–328.4 mg/kg for Al; 200.9– 203.4 mg/kg for As; 130.1–136.2 mg/kg for Fe; 121.9–125.8 mg/kg for Pb; 27.3–30.2 mg/kg for Co; 23.8–26.8 mg/kg for Ni; 7.2–9.2 mg/kg for Ti; 7.1–9.2 mg/kg for Cd; 4.0–5.6 mg/kg for Zn and 0.1–0.6 mg/kg for Cu.
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The water quality and associated problems of the Hennops River and proposed rehabilitative measures
- Authors: Nawn, Ryan
- Date: 2009-02-05T07:14:45Z
- Subjects: Water quality biological assessment , Pollution , Urban runoff , Hennops River Valley (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/382278 , uj:8096 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2024
- Description: M.Sc. , This dissertation establishes the present – day condition of the Hennops River in terms of its water quality and hydrological status. The Hennops River is situated between Johannesburg and Pretoria within the provincial boundaries of Gauteng. The province has a high population density and is regarded as the economic powerhouse of South Africa. As such, rivers flowing through Gauteng have become polluted by the different land uses and activities present in the province. The Hennops River itself has lost most of its aesthetic appeal and has become less useful for recreational and agricultural uses. Furthermore, the Hennops River has become a liability and concern in suburbs south of Pretoria and, more importantly, has become less suitable for sustaining aquatic ecosystems in some of its sections. The Hennops River, therefore, has an effect not only on the environment itself, but also in terms of social and economic aspects. Because of these concerns it was deemed necessary to determine the actual water quality conditions and associated problems prevailing in the Hennops River. Being fed by tributaries, these problems could not be overlooked and were also included in this study. In order to achieve the aim of the study a literature review concerning the concept of water quality and the different physical and chemical constituents affecting aquatic ecosystems needed to be conducted. Added to this, attention had to be given to the study area’s physical features and land uses having an effect on the catchment’s water quality and associated problems. A literature review on existing knowledge of the Hennops River and its principal tributaries was also conducted so that it could be determined whether these rivers have deteriorated over the past three decades. The most recent water quality data was not only compared against existing knowledge, but also in terms of the Target Water Quality Range for Aquatic Ecosystems as stipulated by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. This study showed that deterioration of the Hennops River has occurred since rapid urbanisation within its catchment started during the 1970’s. Most of the River’s water quality and associated problems can be ascribed to problems occurring further upstream in the form of the Kaalspruit and Olifantspruit flowing through formal and informal settlements, industrial areas and agricultural land. The water quality of these rivers and the upper Hennops River is the least suitable of the whole study area for aquatic ecosystem well-being. Not only is this a concern but additional hydrological problems occur as well. These include problems such as erosional activity of riverbeds and riverbanks and the silting-up of Centurion Lake. An urgent need exists for holistic catchment management and rehabilitative measures to be implemented to improve the ecological state of these rivers. Rehabilitative measures were proposed and are aimed at improving the water quality and associated problems of the Hennops River and its affected tributaries. It is concluded, therefore, that the status of the Hennops River is not going to improve without the implementation of rehabilitative measures that should form part of an environmental management plan.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nawn, Ryan
- Date: 2009-02-05T07:14:45Z
- Subjects: Water quality biological assessment , Pollution , Urban runoff , Hennops River Valley (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/382278 , uj:8096 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2024
- Description: M.Sc. , This dissertation establishes the present – day condition of the Hennops River in terms of its water quality and hydrological status. The Hennops River is situated between Johannesburg and Pretoria within the provincial boundaries of Gauteng. The province has a high population density and is regarded as the economic powerhouse of South Africa. As such, rivers flowing through Gauteng have become polluted by the different land uses and activities present in the province. The Hennops River itself has lost most of its aesthetic appeal and has become less useful for recreational and agricultural uses. Furthermore, the Hennops River has become a liability and concern in suburbs south of Pretoria and, more importantly, has become less suitable for sustaining aquatic ecosystems in some of its sections. The Hennops River, therefore, has an effect not only on the environment itself, but also in terms of social and economic aspects. Because of these concerns it was deemed necessary to determine the actual water quality conditions and associated problems prevailing in the Hennops River. Being fed by tributaries, these problems could not be overlooked and were also included in this study. In order to achieve the aim of the study a literature review concerning the concept of water quality and the different physical and chemical constituents affecting aquatic ecosystems needed to be conducted. Added to this, attention had to be given to the study area’s physical features and land uses having an effect on the catchment’s water quality and associated problems. A literature review on existing knowledge of the Hennops River and its principal tributaries was also conducted so that it could be determined whether these rivers have deteriorated over the past three decades. The most recent water quality data was not only compared against existing knowledge, but also in terms of the Target Water Quality Range for Aquatic Ecosystems as stipulated by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. This study showed that deterioration of the Hennops River has occurred since rapid urbanisation within its catchment started during the 1970’s. Most of the River’s water quality and associated problems can be ascribed to problems occurring further upstream in the form of the Kaalspruit and Olifantspruit flowing through formal and informal settlements, industrial areas and agricultural land. The water quality of these rivers and the upper Hennops River is the least suitable of the whole study area for aquatic ecosystem well-being. Not only is this a concern but additional hydrological problems occur as well. These include problems such as erosional activity of riverbeds and riverbanks and the silting-up of Centurion Lake. An urgent need exists for holistic catchment management and rehabilitative measures to be implemented to improve the ecological state of these rivers. Rehabilitative measures were proposed and are aimed at improving the water quality and associated problems of the Hennops River and its affected tributaries. It is concluded, therefore, that the status of the Hennops River is not going to improve without the implementation of rehabilitative measures that should form part of an environmental management plan.
- Full Text:
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