The effect of chiropractic manipulative therapy on erector spinae and quadratus lumborum muscle endurance in the presence of leg length inequality
- Authors: Graham, Meagan
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Leg length inequality , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58171 , uj:16426
- Description: Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy has a quantifiable effect on the endurance times of the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum muscles in the initial presence of leg length inequality. Thirty participants were recruited, all of which were between the ages of eighteen and forty-five. Participants needed to present with a leg length inequality. Exclusion criteria included pathology of the joints of the extremities. All the participants had chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to restricted lumbar/sacroiliac joints. Participants received treatment twice weekly for three consecutive weeks (i.e. six treatments). On the seventh visit, in the fourth week, no treatment was administered. Objective measurements and subjective leg length inequality checks were performed at visits one and four, prior to treatment, and at visit seven. Objective data was obtained from the Biering-Sørensen test and quadratus lumborum endurance time. Subjective checks determined side of leg length inequality (i.e. short leg) using supine leg check. The group exhibited an increase in endurance times after administration of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. Improvement occurred in the latter part of the data collection indicating a need for long-term treatment. The subgroup, that exhibited a correction to leg length, displayed a greater improvement in quadratus lumborum endurance than that of the group overall. This study has shown that chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy may be used as a form of treatment to increase muscle endurance times through reduction in muscle hypertonicity. It has also confirmed clinically that when there is a correction to leg length there is a greater improvement in trunk extensor endurance times. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Graham, Meagan
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Leg length inequality , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58171 , uj:16426
- Description: Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy has a quantifiable effect on the endurance times of the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum muscles in the initial presence of leg length inequality. Thirty participants were recruited, all of which were between the ages of eighteen and forty-five. Participants needed to present with a leg length inequality. Exclusion criteria included pathology of the joints of the extremities. All the participants had chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to restricted lumbar/sacroiliac joints. Participants received treatment twice weekly for three consecutive weeks (i.e. six treatments). On the seventh visit, in the fourth week, no treatment was administered. Objective measurements and subjective leg length inequality checks were performed at visits one and four, prior to treatment, and at visit seven. Objective data was obtained from the Biering-Sørensen test and quadratus lumborum endurance time. Subjective checks determined side of leg length inequality (i.e. short leg) using supine leg check. The group exhibited an increase in endurance times after administration of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. Improvement occurred in the latter part of the data collection indicating a need for long-term treatment. The subgroup, that exhibited a correction to leg length, displayed a greater improvement in quadratus lumborum endurance than that of the group overall. This study has shown that chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy may be used as a form of treatment to increase muscle endurance times through reduction in muscle hypertonicity. It has also confirmed clinically that when there is a correction to leg length there is a greater improvement in trunk extensor endurance times. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The long term effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy on the activity and strength of the biceps brachii muscle
- Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Authors: Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Biceps brachii , Muscle strength , Arm - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9908
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy (CAT) to the cervical spine on the reflex motorneuron excitability of C5 and C6 nerves on the biceps brachii muscle bilaterally. This study was also aimed at measuring the subsequent increase in strength of the biceps brachii muscle. Method: A selection of 30 participants, male or female and between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Participants had to meet all the inclusion criteria and present with no contra-indications. Only one group was used as each participant served as their own control. Participants were seen seven times over a period of three weeks. The measurements were taken during the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. On the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th consultations only treatment was applied. On the 7th consultation only data was collected and no treatment was done. Results: Statistically significant improvement of dynamometry and electromyographic measurements were noted over the consultation periods on both sides. No conclusion could be made regarding the comparison of dynamometer and sEMG measurements of the biceps brachii between each consultation and between each side (left and right) over the study period. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this research it may be deduced that CAT may have an effect on the neurological system and further more an effect by increasing motorneuron excitability at sites distant to the spine itself. These results are important to the Chiropractic profession as it shows that CAT does not only produce a segmental response, but that there are wide spread effects on structures distant to the spinal column. The extent of the effects CAT can elicit on the nervous system requires further investigation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Biceps brachii , Muscle strength , Arm - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9908
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy (CAT) to the cervical spine on the reflex motorneuron excitability of C5 and C6 nerves on the biceps brachii muscle bilaterally. This study was also aimed at measuring the subsequent increase in strength of the biceps brachii muscle. Method: A selection of 30 participants, male or female and between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Participants had to meet all the inclusion criteria and present with no contra-indications. Only one group was used as each participant served as their own control. Participants were seen seven times over a period of three weeks. The measurements were taken during the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. On the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th consultations only treatment was applied. On the 7th consultation only data was collected and no treatment was done. Results: Statistically significant improvement of dynamometry and electromyographic measurements were noted over the consultation periods on both sides. No conclusion could be made regarding the comparison of dynamometer and sEMG measurements of the biceps brachii between each consultation and between each side (left and right) over the study period. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this research it may be deduced that CAT may have an effect on the neurological system and further more an effect by increasing motorneuron excitability at sites distant to the spine itself. These results are important to the Chiropractic profession as it shows that CAT does not only produce a segmental response, but that there are wide spread effects on structures distant to the spinal column. The extent of the effects CAT can elicit on the nervous system requires further investigation.
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A comparison between the effects of manipulation alone versus manipulation combined with dry needling on hamstring strength
- Authors: Gillingham, Miriam Taryn
- Date: 2013-09-02
- Subjects: Manipulation (Chiropractic) , Sacroiliac joint diseases - Chiropractic treatment , Hamstring injuries - Chiropractic treatment , Hamstring muscle , Muscle strength
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7722 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8592
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: According to Jonhagen, Nemeth and Erikson (1994), hamstring muscle injury as a result of weakness is prevalent. Hoskins and Pollard (2005) states that a previous or recent hamstring muscle injury is the most recognized risk factor for future injury. Given the high reoccurrence rate, hamstring injuries provide a significant challenge to the treating clinician. Knowledge surrounding the optimal treatment is critical to improve hamstring muscle strength in preventing these injuries. The aim of this study is to determine the most effective treatment method, when comparing sacroiliac joint manipulation with or without dry needling and the effect it has on hamstring strength. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 35 years old presenting with SI joint dysfunction and hamstring trigger points, were considered for this study. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each (group A and B). Group A received manipulation to the sacroiliac joint and group B received manipulation to the sacroiliac joint, as well as dry needling of the active myofascial trigger points in the semimembranosus muscles. Each participant was treated six times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: All measurements were collected at the first, third and fifth consultation prior to treatment and on the seventh consultation where no treatment was performed. Subjective measurements included the McGill questionnaire and a visual analogue pain scale. Objective measurements included algometer, readings of pressure pain threshold of the hamstring muscle trigger points and hamstring muscle strength recorded using a dynamometer instrument. Results and Conclusion: Group A and group B proved to have a statistical and clinical improvement overall. Group A had a better improvement in both subjective tests and in the objective tests. In comparing the statistically significant data for hamstring muscle strength in this study, it would appear that Group A responded better to treatment than Group B. Although both groups did improve, it suggests that Group A achieved the greatest overall improvement. Therefore it can be suggested that myofascial dry needling of the hamstring muscle was found not to have an additive effect for improving vii hamstring muscle strength, it actually appears to have done worse. The reason for this might be due to the post treatment soreness after needling. This may cause muscle inhibition and decreased muscle contraction, due to the pain or tenderness, which could have affected the muscle strength. In conclusion, the results in this study show that chiropractic manipulation combined with dry needling did not have better results in improving hamstring strength.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gillingham, Miriam Taryn
- Date: 2013-09-02
- Subjects: Manipulation (Chiropractic) , Sacroiliac joint diseases - Chiropractic treatment , Hamstring injuries - Chiropractic treatment , Hamstring muscle , Muscle strength
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7722 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8592
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: According to Jonhagen, Nemeth and Erikson (1994), hamstring muscle injury as a result of weakness is prevalent. Hoskins and Pollard (2005) states that a previous or recent hamstring muscle injury is the most recognized risk factor for future injury. Given the high reoccurrence rate, hamstring injuries provide a significant challenge to the treating clinician. Knowledge surrounding the optimal treatment is critical to improve hamstring muscle strength in preventing these injuries. The aim of this study is to determine the most effective treatment method, when comparing sacroiliac joint manipulation with or without dry needling and the effect it has on hamstring strength. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 35 years old presenting with SI joint dysfunction and hamstring trigger points, were considered for this study. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each (group A and B). Group A received manipulation to the sacroiliac joint and group B received manipulation to the sacroiliac joint, as well as dry needling of the active myofascial trigger points in the semimembranosus muscles. Each participant was treated six times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: All measurements were collected at the first, third and fifth consultation prior to treatment and on the seventh consultation where no treatment was performed. Subjective measurements included the McGill questionnaire and a visual analogue pain scale. Objective measurements included algometer, readings of pressure pain threshold of the hamstring muscle trigger points and hamstring muscle strength recorded using a dynamometer instrument. Results and Conclusion: Group A and group B proved to have a statistical and clinical improvement overall. Group A had a better improvement in both subjective tests and in the objective tests. In comparing the statistically significant data for hamstring muscle strength in this study, it would appear that Group A responded better to treatment than Group B. Although both groups did improve, it suggests that Group A achieved the greatest overall improvement. Therefore it can be suggested that myofascial dry needling of the hamstring muscle was found not to have an additive effect for improving vii hamstring muscle strength, it actually appears to have done worse. The reason for this might be due to the post treatment soreness after needling. This may cause muscle inhibition and decreased muscle contraction, due to the pain or tenderness, which could have affected the muscle strength. In conclusion, the results in this study show that chiropractic manipulation combined with dry needling did not have better results in improving hamstring strength.
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The effect of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers
- Authors: Berry, Rebecca Ann
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic , Rowers - Health and hygiene , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226655 , uj:22922
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers. Method: Thirty participants, both males and females, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were separated into two groups of fifteen. Both groups had an equal ratio of eight males and seven females. Group one received spinal manipulative therapy to the lumbar-pelvic region where motion restrictions were located. Group one received three treatments per week for two weeks. Group two did not receive any treatment for the duration of the research study. Both Groups one and two underwent the same data capturing at the first, fourth and seventh consultation. Data capturing consisted of a range of motion assessment while the participant was seated on the ergometer and holding on the handle bar. Flexion and extension of the lumbar-pelvic region were both measured with full extension of the knees. Following range of motion assessment, the average watts was measured by each participant completing a 1000 meter ergometer trial, maintaining the stroke rate between 22 and 24 strokes per minute. Results: The study revealed no statistical significance with intergroup analysis for both the digital inclinometer and ergometer. Intragroup group analysis of Group one revealed a statistically significant increase in power output between the first and fourth consult and between the fourth and seventh consultation. Intragroup analysis of the range of motion data for Group one as well as range of motion and ergometer data for Group two revealed no statistical significance. An overall clinical analysis for the two groups revealed that Group one, the group receiving spinal manipulative therapy, made a drastic improvement in both the range of motion and power output. Group two remained at a relatively plateau level for both range of motion and power output. Conclusion: Although the study revealed no statistical significance when comparing the groups to one another, there was a significant improvement in the power output of Group one, the group that received spinal manipulative therapy. Group one increased in flexion, extension as well as average power output. Group two had a minimal decrease in flexion and extension and a minimal increase in power output. In order to make a definitive conclusion on the effect of spinal manipulative therapy on power output, further research is needed.
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- Authors: Berry, Rebecca Ann
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic , Rowers - Health and hygiene , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226655 , uj:22922
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers. Method: Thirty participants, both males and females, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were separated into two groups of fifteen. Both groups had an equal ratio of eight males and seven females. Group one received spinal manipulative therapy to the lumbar-pelvic region where motion restrictions were located. Group one received three treatments per week for two weeks. Group two did not receive any treatment for the duration of the research study. Both Groups one and two underwent the same data capturing at the first, fourth and seventh consultation. Data capturing consisted of a range of motion assessment while the participant was seated on the ergometer and holding on the handle bar. Flexion and extension of the lumbar-pelvic region were both measured with full extension of the knees. Following range of motion assessment, the average watts was measured by each participant completing a 1000 meter ergometer trial, maintaining the stroke rate between 22 and 24 strokes per minute. Results: The study revealed no statistical significance with intergroup analysis for both the digital inclinometer and ergometer. Intragroup group analysis of Group one revealed a statistically significant increase in power output between the first and fourth consult and between the fourth and seventh consultation. Intragroup analysis of the range of motion data for Group one as well as range of motion and ergometer data for Group two revealed no statistical significance. An overall clinical analysis for the two groups revealed that Group one, the group receiving spinal manipulative therapy, made a drastic improvement in both the range of motion and power output. Group two remained at a relatively plateau level for both range of motion and power output. Conclusion: Although the study revealed no statistical significance when comparing the groups to one another, there was a significant improvement in the power output of Group one, the group that received spinal manipulative therapy. Group one increased in flexion, extension as well as average power output. Group two had a minimal decrease in flexion and extension and a minimal increase in power output. In order to make a definitive conclusion on the effect of spinal manipulative therapy on power output, further research is needed.
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A study to compare the effect of spinal manipulation versus mobilization on hamstring muscle strength
- Authors: Aaron, Kevin
- Date: 2013-12-09
- Subjects: Muscle strength , Hamstring muscle , Spinal adjustment , Physical therapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8703
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: This study aims to compare the effects of spinal manipulation versus mobilization of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac (SI) joints on the contractile strength of the hamstring muscle group with regards to strength and flexibility. Method: This study consisted of 2 groups of 15 participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years of age. Males and females were first separated to ensure equal male to female ratios within each group. The potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The method of treatment administered to each group was determined by group allocation. Group 1 received spinal manipulation directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Group 2 received spinal mobilization directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Procedure: Treatment consisted of 4 treatment sessions with an additional follow up visit over a 2 week period. Objective data was recorded on visit 1 before and after treatment, visit 3 before and after treatment and on visit 5 in which there was no treatment administered, its purpose was purely to obtain measurements. The measurements were taken in this way in order to determine immediate as well as medium term changes. Objective data consisted of hamstring muscle strength readings taken using a handheld dynamometer and hamstring muscle flexibility readings taken using a digital inclinometer. Analysis of collected data was performed by a statistician. The manipulation and mobilization techniques used were directed towards dysfunctional joints within the lumbar spine and/or SI regions, which were detected by motion palpation. Results: Regarding muscle strength, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 at visits 1 and 3 on both the right and left sides when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. When determining the immediate effects of the treatment, Group 2 did not demonstrate muscle strength changes at visit 1 on the right, however statistically significant results were found at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. Manipulation and mobilization were shown to have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength, although manipulation was shown to have a more beneficial effect on muscle strength both immediately and over time, though this was only found on the left. Regarding muscle flexibility, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 on both right and left sides at visits 1 and 3 when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Statistically significant changes only occurred on the left between visits 1 and 5 when determining the medium term effects of the treatment. Group 2 showed statistically significant changes at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. When determining the medium term effects of the treatment no statistically significant changes were found over the duration of the study. There was no difference found between the groups in terms of the effect that the treatment had on hamstring muscle flexibility, although isolated improvements occurred over time in the manipulation group. Conclusion: The results show that both manipulation and mobilization have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength. However, manipulation was shown to have a more significant effect. Changes in hamstring muscle flexibility were found to occur immediately and over time in the manipulation group, however only immediate effects were noted in the mobilization group. Therefore, when compared to mobilization, manipulation appears to have a greater effect on hamstring muscle strength and flexibility.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Aaron, Kevin
- Date: 2013-12-09
- Subjects: Muscle strength , Hamstring muscle , Spinal adjustment , Physical therapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8703
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: This study aims to compare the effects of spinal manipulation versus mobilization of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac (SI) joints on the contractile strength of the hamstring muscle group with regards to strength and flexibility. Method: This study consisted of 2 groups of 15 participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years of age. Males and females were first separated to ensure equal male to female ratios within each group. The potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The method of treatment administered to each group was determined by group allocation. Group 1 received spinal manipulation directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Group 2 received spinal mobilization directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Procedure: Treatment consisted of 4 treatment sessions with an additional follow up visit over a 2 week period. Objective data was recorded on visit 1 before and after treatment, visit 3 before and after treatment and on visit 5 in which there was no treatment administered, its purpose was purely to obtain measurements. The measurements were taken in this way in order to determine immediate as well as medium term changes. Objective data consisted of hamstring muscle strength readings taken using a handheld dynamometer and hamstring muscle flexibility readings taken using a digital inclinometer. Analysis of collected data was performed by a statistician. The manipulation and mobilization techniques used were directed towards dysfunctional joints within the lumbar spine and/or SI regions, which were detected by motion palpation. Results: Regarding muscle strength, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 at visits 1 and 3 on both the right and left sides when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. When determining the immediate effects of the treatment, Group 2 did not demonstrate muscle strength changes at visit 1 on the right, however statistically significant results were found at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. Manipulation and mobilization were shown to have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength, although manipulation was shown to have a more beneficial effect on muscle strength both immediately and over time, though this was only found on the left. Regarding muscle flexibility, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 on both right and left sides at visits 1 and 3 when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Statistically significant changes only occurred on the left between visits 1 and 5 when determining the medium term effects of the treatment. Group 2 showed statistically significant changes at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. When determining the medium term effects of the treatment no statistically significant changes were found over the duration of the study. There was no difference found between the groups in terms of the effect that the treatment had on hamstring muscle flexibility, although isolated improvements occurred over time in the manipulation group. Conclusion: The results show that both manipulation and mobilization have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength. However, manipulation was shown to have a more significant effect. Changes in hamstring muscle flexibility were found to occur immediately and over time in the manipulation group, however only immediate effects were noted in the mobilization group. Therefore, when compared to mobilization, manipulation appears to have a greater effect on hamstring muscle strength and flexibility.
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The effect of a chiropractic adjustment with resistance training protocol, compared to a chiropractic adjustment or resistance training protocol alone, on neck strength in cervical facet syndrome
- Authors: Kelly, Kate Dawn
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Cervical syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Muscle strength , Spinal adjustment , Isometric exercise
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/383591 , uj:4560 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9909
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine if a chiropractic adjustment had an effect on muscle strength. The study then aimed to compare the effects a resistance training protocol, to a chiropractic adjustment, to a combination of these two treatments on the neck strength of individuals with cervical facet syndrome. Method: This study consisted of three groups of 10 participants each. The participants were grouped by stratified sampling to balance the groups in terms of age and gender. The participants ranged in age from 22 to 28 years. There were 18 male and 12 female participants. Participants were examined and accepted into the trail according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment was allocated according to groupings. Group 1 received a resistance training protocol, group 2 received chiropractic adjustment only and group 3 received a combination of both treatments. Procedure: Treatment consisted of 6 treatment sessions and a 7th follow up session, over a three week period. Participants in group 1 and 3 were instructed to perform the demonstrated resistance training protocol 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Participants in group 2 and 3 received chiropractic adjustments to hypomobile cervical spine segments, twice a week for three weeks. Cervical range of motion (CROM) was mesured using a CROM device and strength readings were measured using a hand held isometric dynamometer. Measurements were recorded on the 1st, 4th and 7th visits. All participants were required to fill in a Vernon-Mior Neck Disability Index (NDI) on the 1st and 7th visits. The data collected was analysed by a statistician. Results: Analysis of the Vernon-Mior NDI intra-group results showed that all three groups were effective in reducing cervical pain and disability. There was no statistical difference in improvement between the groups. CROM results indicated that all three groups successfully increased cervical range of motion. The combination group had the greatestimprovement, followed by the adjustment group and lastly the resistance training group. The combination group showed statistical improvements in all ranges of motion at visit 4 while this was only achieved by the resistance training group at visit 7. In the adjustment group statistical changes in flexion, extension and lateral flexion were only noted at visit 7, however in rotation, statistical improvements were noted at visit 4. Isometric dynamometer analysis showed that all 3 groups did show a statistically significant increase in cervical muscle strength. The combination group provided the greatest gains, followed by the adjustment group. The smallest gains were seen in the resistance training group. Statistical changes in the resistance training group were only measured at visit 7, while in the combination and adjustment group, these changes were noted by visit 4. Conclusion: Chiropractic adjustment was effective in increasing neck strength. Of the 3 groups, the combination treatment proved to be the most effective method of improving neck strength in individuals with cervical facet syndrome. Of the two individual treatments, chiropractic adjustment was more effective in terms of both strength gains and time taken to achieve these results, than the resistance training protocol.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kelly, Kate Dawn
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Cervical syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Muscle strength , Spinal adjustment , Isometric exercise
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/383591 , uj:4560 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9909
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine if a chiropractic adjustment had an effect on muscle strength. The study then aimed to compare the effects a resistance training protocol, to a chiropractic adjustment, to a combination of these two treatments on the neck strength of individuals with cervical facet syndrome. Method: This study consisted of three groups of 10 participants each. The participants were grouped by stratified sampling to balance the groups in terms of age and gender. The participants ranged in age from 22 to 28 years. There were 18 male and 12 female participants. Participants were examined and accepted into the trail according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment was allocated according to groupings. Group 1 received a resistance training protocol, group 2 received chiropractic adjustment only and group 3 received a combination of both treatments. Procedure: Treatment consisted of 6 treatment sessions and a 7th follow up session, over a three week period. Participants in group 1 and 3 were instructed to perform the demonstrated resistance training protocol 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Participants in group 2 and 3 received chiropractic adjustments to hypomobile cervical spine segments, twice a week for three weeks. Cervical range of motion (CROM) was mesured using a CROM device and strength readings were measured using a hand held isometric dynamometer. Measurements were recorded on the 1st, 4th and 7th visits. All participants were required to fill in a Vernon-Mior Neck Disability Index (NDI) on the 1st and 7th visits. The data collected was analysed by a statistician. Results: Analysis of the Vernon-Mior NDI intra-group results showed that all three groups were effective in reducing cervical pain and disability. There was no statistical difference in improvement between the groups. CROM results indicated that all three groups successfully increased cervical range of motion. The combination group had the greatestimprovement, followed by the adjustment group and lastly the resistance training group. The combination group showed statistical improvements in all ranges of motion at visit 4 while this was only achieved by the resistance training group at visit 7. In the adjustment group statistical changes in flexion, extension and lateral flexion were only noted at visit 7, however in rotation, statistical improvements were noted at visit 4. Isometric dynamometer analysis showed that all 3 groups did show a statistically significant increase in cervical muscle strength. The combination group provided the greatest gains, followed by the adjustment group. The smallest gains were seen in the resistance training group. Statistical changes in the resistance training group were only measured at visit 7, while in the combination and adjustment group, these changes were noted by visit 4. Conclusion: Chiropractic adjustment was effective in increasing neck strength. Of the 3 groups, the combination treatment proved to be the most effective method of improving neck strength in individuals with cervical facet syndrome. Of the two individual treatments, chiropractic adjustment was more effective in terms of both strength gains and time taken to achieve these results, than the resistance training protocol.
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The effect of chiropractic manipulative therapy of the tibiotalar joint on endurance of the triceps surae muscle
- Authors: Baüer, Caitlyn Mae
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Ankle , Calves , Muscle strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58563 , uj:16463
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Baüer, Caitlyn Mae
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Ankle , Calves , Muscle strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58563 , uj:16463
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of chiropractic manipulation and /or a combination of abdominal strengthening exercises on the feed-forward reaction of the deep abdominal muscles in people with chronic mechanical low back pain
- Authors: Meldrum, Celia
- Date: 2012-07-19
- Subjects: Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Abdominal strengthening exercises , Spinal adjustment , Muscle strength , Abdomen muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364934 , uj:8814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5229
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: Chiropractic adjustment has been shown to be an effective treatment for low back pain (Cox, 1999 and Lawrence et al, 2008). The role that the transverse abdominus plays in low back pain is not clear. Sacroiliac adjustment changes the activation speed (Marshall and Murphy, 2006) and the strength of contraction of transverse abdominus. This study aims to determine the short-term effects of chiropractic manipulative treatment on the feed-forward activation of the deep abdominal muscles in patients with chronic low back pain. Method: Forty five participants with chronic mechanical low back pain were used in this study. The primary cause of their back pain was mechanical. The study consisted of three randomly selected groups of participants. Group one was treated using abdominal exercise only. Group two was treated using both chiropractic manipulation and abdominal exercise. Group three was treated using chiropractic manipulation only. Procedure: The effect on the feed-forward activation of transverse abdominus and internal oblique was measured and recorded using surface electromyography in each group. The participants also completed an Oswestry Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire and a Numerical Pain Rating Scale in order to record any change in back pain. Participants were seen seven times over a maximum four week period. Readings were taken on the first, third and fifth and seventh visits. Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05) results were seen in all three groups for the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Minimum EMG results were not statistically significant, however group three showed improvement clinically. Maximum EMG results were also did not show a statistically significant change. Feed-forward activation of the transverse abdominus muscle showed no statistically significant change. Conclusion: Favourable results were obtained clinically for all three groups. Group three (chiropractic manipulation only) was shown to be the most effective in terms of patient perception of pain and disability. Objectively, the results were less definitive. Chiropractic manipulation alone had the most favourable effect on the resting surface EMG readings of the transverse abdominus, while chiropractic manipulation combined with abdominal exercises and abdominal exercises alone did not show this change. This too was seen in the results for the maximum EMG readings. Onset times of the transverse abdominus muscle showed no improvement.
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- Authors: Meldrum, Celia
- Date: 2012-07-19
- Subjects: Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Abdominal strengthening exercises , Spinal adjustment , Muscle strength , Abdomen muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364934 , uj:8814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5229
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: Chiropractic adjustment has been shown to be an effective treatment for low back pain (Cox, 1999 and Lawrence et al, 2008). The role that the transverse abdominus plays in low back pain is not clear. Sacroiliac adjustment changes the activation speed (Marshall and Murphy, 2006) and the strength of contraction of transverse abdominus. This study aims to determine the short-term effects of chiropractic manipulative treatment on the feed-forward activation of the deep abdominal muscles in patients with chronic low back pain. Method: Forty five participants with chronic mechanical low back pain were used in this study. The primary cause of their back pain was mechanical. The study consisted of three randomly selected groups of participants. Group one was treated using abdominal exercise only. Group two was treated using both chiropractic manipulation and abdominal exercise. Group three was treated using chiropractic manipulation only. Procedure: The effect on the feed-forward activation of transverse abdominus and internal oblique was measured and recorded using surface electromyography in each group. The participants also completed an Oswestry Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire and a Numerical Pain Rating Scale in order to record any change in back pain. Participants were seen seven times over a maximum four week period. Readings were taken on the first, third and fifth and seventh visits. Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05) results were seen in all three groups for the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Minimum EMG results were not statistically significant, however group three showed improvement clinically. Maximum EMG results were also did not show a statistically significant change. Feed-forward activation of the transverse abdominus muscle showed no statistically significant change. Conclusion: Favourable results were obtained clinically for all three groups. Group three (chiropractic manipulation only) was shown to be the most effective in terms of patient perception of pain and disability. Objectively, the results were less definitive. Chiropractic manipulation alone had the most favourable effect on the resting surface EMG readings of the transverse abdominus, while chiropractic manipulation combined with abdominal exercises and abdominal exercises alone did not show this change. This too was seen in the results for the maximum EMG readings. Onset times of the transverse abdominus muscle showed no improvement.
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The effect of lumbosacral manipulation therapy, interferential current therapy andthe combination thereof on hamstring strength and flexibility
- Authors: Long, Leezy
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Electrotherapeutics , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Hamstring muscle , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/246700 , uj:25588
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of lumbosacral manipulation and interferential current therapy as well as the combination thereof on hamstring flexibility and strength. Method: Thirty participants that had one hamstring muscle weaker and less flexible than the other, as indicated by the dynamometer and digital inclinometer, participated in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Group 1 received lumbosacral manipulation therapy. Group 2 received interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles and Group3 received both lumbosacral manipulation therapy and interferential current therapy on the hamstring muscles. The study included seven visits, over a period of three weeks, with intervention on the first six consultations and objective data collected on the first, fourth and seventh visits. The intervention for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any lumbosacral restriction. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment/s. Group 2 received interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles and Group 3 received a combination of both lumbosacral manipulation therapy as well as interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles. Results: Both objective data (dynamometer and digital inclinometer) had a positive average improvement on both sides. The dynamometer data showed an increase of 23.48% on the left hand side and 27.91% on the right hand side of Group 1. Group 2 showed an average increase of 28.46% on the left hand side and 33.11% on the right hand side, while Group 3 showed an average increase of 25.77% on the left hand side and 33.11 % on the right hand side...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Long, Leezy
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Electrotherapeutics , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Hamstring muscle , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/246700 , uj:25588
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of lumbosacral manipulation and interferential current therapy as well as the combination thereof on hamstring flexibility and strength. Method: Thirty participants that had one hamstring muscle weaker and less flexible than the other, as indicated by the dynamometer and digital inclinometer, participated in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Group 1 received lumbosacral manipulation therapy. Group 2 received interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles and Group3 received both lumbosacral manipulation therapy and interferential current therapy on the hamstring muscles. The study included seven visits, over a period of three weeks, with intervention on the first six consultations and objective data collected on the first, fourth and seventh visits. The intervention for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any lumbosacral restriction. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment/s. Group 2 received interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles and Group 3 received a combination of both lumbosacral manipulation therapy as well as interferential current therapy on both the hamstring muscles. Results: Both objective data (dynamometer and digital inclinometer) had a positive average improvement on both sides. The dynamometer data showed an increase of 23.48% on the left hand side and 27.91% on the right hand side of Group 1. Group 2 showed an average increase of 28.46% on the left hand side and 33.11% on the right hand side, while Group 3 showed an average increase of 25.77% on the left hand side and 33.11 % on the right hand side...
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Isokinetic norms for ankle, knee, shoulder and forearm muscles in young South African men
- Authors: Lategan, Leon
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Muscle strength , Ankle , Knee , Forearm , Shoulder , Isokinetics , Isokinetic peak torque
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5742 , ISSN 0959-3020 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7738
- Description: Isokinetic test results are often evaluated against a norm or normal value. Previous research on isokinetics is prolific however, different populations present with different “normal” values. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish isokinetic norms for the ankle, knee, shoulder, elbow and forearm joints in young, South African men. Methods: Four hundred and thirty eight (N = 438) young male participants (19.06 ± 1.86 yrs) were evaluated in terms of isokinetic peak torque of the ankle, knee, shoulder and forearm. A Cybex 340 isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate their concentric peak torque at a low velocity (30 or 60 /s); gravity was not corrected for. The data was tested for normality and the descriptive statistics were calculated. Percentile scores were subsequently constructed. Results: Normative values for peak torque, peak torque per body mass and agonistantagonist ratios were constructed for the ankle, knee, shoulder and forearm. Conclusions: Results from this study might provide useful norms for the clinical evaluation of low velocity, concentric peak torque in young males, when gravity correction is not performed.
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- Authors: Lategan, Leon
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Muscle strength , Ankle , Knee , Forearm , Shoulder , Isokinetics , Isokinetic peak torque
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5742 , ISSN 0959-3020 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7738
- Description: Isokinetic test results are often evaluated against a norm or normal value. Previous research on isokinetics is prolific however, different populations present with different “normal” values. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish isokinetic norms for the ankle, knee, shoulder, elbow and forearm joints in young, South African men. Methods: Four hundred and thirty eight (N = 438) young male participants (19.06 ± 1.86 yrs) were evaluated in terms of isokinetic peak torque of the ankle, knee, shoulder and forearm. A Cybex 340 isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate their concentric peak torque at a low velocity (30 or 60 /s); gravity was not corrected for. The data was tested for normality and the descriptive statistics were calculated. Percentile scores were subsequently constructed. Results: Normative values for peak torque, peak torque per body mass and agonistantagonist ratios were constructed for the ankle, knee, shoulder and forearm. Conclusions: Results from this study might provide useful norms for the clinical evaluation of low velocity, concentric peak torque in young males, when gravity correction is not performed.
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The effects of cervical manipulation alone versus cervical manipulation combined with dry needling on biceps brachii strength
- Authors: De Clercq, Colette
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Acupuncture , Muscle strength , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cervical vertebrae
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292945 , uj:31843
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: According to Brown (2013), tears in the biceps brachii muscle are being reported more frequently than in the past, but the reason is still unclear. Knowledge surrounding the optimal treatment is critical to improving biceps brachii muscle strength so as to prevent injuries. Latent trigger points are also recognised risk factors for causing muscle weakness potentially resulting in future injuries (Alvarez and Rockwell, 2002). The aim of this study is to compare the effects of cervical manipulation versus cervical manipulation combined with dry needling of the biceps brachii muscle on biceps brachii muscle strength. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years old presenting with C5 and C6 cervical facet dysfunction and biceps brachii latent trigger points were included in this study. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each (Group A and Group B). Group A received cervical spine manipulation and Group B received cervical spine manipulation as well as dry needing of the latent trigger point in the biceps brachii muscle. Each participant was treated three times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: All measurements were collected at the first, second and third consultations prior to treatment and on the fourth consultation where no treatment was performed. Objective measurements included algometric readings of pressure pain threshold of the biceps brachii muscle trigger points and biceps brachii strength was recorded using a Lafayette Manual Muscle Testing System. Results and Conclusion: Both Group A and Group B proved to have a statistical and clinical improvement overall. In comparing the statistically significant data for biceps brachii muscle strength in this study, it would appear that Group A responded better to treatment than Group B. Therefore it can be suggested that the combined treatment therapy with dry needling did not have an additive effect on biceps brachii muscle strength...
- Full Text:
- Authors: De Clercq, Colette
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Acupuncture , Muscle strength , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cervical vertebrae
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292945 , uj:31843
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: According to Brown (2013), tears in the biceps brachii muscle are being reported more frequently than in the past, but the reason is still unclear. Knowledge surrounding the optimal treatment is critical to improving biceps brachii muscle strength so as to prevent injuries. Latent trigger points are also recognised risk factors for causing muscle weakness potentially resulting in future injuries (Alvarez and Rockwell, 2002). The aim of this study is to compare the effects of cervical manipulation versus cervical manipulation combined with dry needling of the biceps brachii muscle on biceps brachii muscle strength. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years old presenting with C5 and C6 cervical facet dysfunction and biceps brachii latent trigger points were included in this study. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each (Group A and Group B). Group A received cervical spine manipulation and Group B received cervical spine manipulation as well as dry needing of the latent trigger point in the biceps brachii muscle. Each participant was treated three times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: All measurements were collected at the first, second and third consultations prior to treatment and on the fourth consultation where no treatment was performed. Objective measurements included algometric readings of pressure pain threshold of the biceps brachii muscle trigger points and biceps brachii strength was recorded using a Lafayette Manual Muscle Testing System. Results and Conclusion: Both Group A and Group B proved to have a statistical and clinical improvement overall. In comparing the statistically significant data for biceps brachii muscle strength in this study, it would appear that Group A responded better to treatment than Group B. Therefore it can be suggested that the combined treatment therapy with dry needling did not have an additive effect on biceps brachii muscle strength...
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Comparison of eight-week muscle endurance and hypertrophy resistance training on cardiopulmonary risk factor reduction
- Authors: Turner, Stacey
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system - Diseases , Lungs - Diseases , Muscle strength , Weight training , Physical fitness - Health aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/273439 , uj:29130
- Description: M.Phil. (Sport Science) , Abstract: Degenerative lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebral vascular attack, cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases (CPD) are a specific cluster of physiological disorders that account for the rising global mortality rate. Many forms of CPD can potentially result in death. However, some are preventable with the correct treatment and management of the risk factors. These modifiable risk factors can be addressed through various lifestyle interventions, such as engaging in regular physical activity, body mass/fat loss, reduced tobacco use, stress management, maintaining normal blood pressure and ensuring normal cholesterol levels. Of particular importance is the role that physical activity plays in reducing CPD risk, not only for its direct benefits, but also for its role in indirectly improving other risk factors (i.e. physical activity’s role in reducing overweight/obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, etc.). In this regard, it has previously been found that there is a high prevalence of physical inactivity in urban areas (66.5%), due to the technological advances, private transport and automatic machinery, further increasing the prevalence of CPD risk factors and CPD. Problematically, the effects of resistance training on reducing CPD and its related risk factors has only recently gained the attention of health professionals and researchers and has therefore not been researched as in-depth as aerobic training. Due to the various physical and functional adaptations induced by the various modes of resistance training, such as amplified muscular strength and muscle mass, as well as enhanced neuromuscular control and coordination, it is essential to understand which mode of training is most effective in reducing the risk factors associated with CPD. As such, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of muscle endurance and hypertrophy resistance training on cardiopulmonary risk factor reduction in an attempt to minimalise the ever-increasing mortality and morbidity rates associated with CPD. 42 sedentary males were divided into two exercise groups hypertrophy training group (n=15) and a muscle endurance training group (n=13) as well as a non-exercising control group (n=14). The two exercise groups completed their respective one-hour training sessions held three days a week every Monday, Wednesday and Friday for eight weeks, whilst the non-exercising control group continued with their daily routine. The following evaluations were completed during both pre- and post-tests: smoking recall, dietary evaluation, alcohol recall, psychological evaluation, cardiovascular evaluation, haematological...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Turner, Stacey
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system - Diseases , Lungs - Diseases , Muscle strength , Weight training , Physical fitness - Health aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/273439 , uj:29130
- Description: M.Phil. (Sport Science) , Abstract: Degenerative lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebral vascular attack, cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases (CPD) are a specific cluster of physiological disorders that account for the rising global mortality rate. Many forms of CPD can potentially result in death. However, some are preventable with the correct treatment and management of the risk factors. These modifiable risk factors can be addressed through various lifestyle interventions, such as engaging in regular physical activity, body mass/fat loss, reduced tobacco use, stress management, maintaining normal blood pressure and ensuring normal cholesterol levels. Of particular importance is the role that physical activity plays in reducing CPD risk, not only for its direct benefits, but also for its role in indirectly improving other risk factors (i.e. physical activity’s role in reducing overweight/obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, etc.). In this regard, it has previously been found that there is a high prevalence of physical inactivity in urban areas (66.5%), due to the technological advances, private transport and automatic machinery, further increasing the prevalence of CPD risk factors and CPD. Problematically, the effects of resistance training on reducing CPD and its related risk factors has only recently gained the attention of health professionals and researchers and has therefore not been researched as in-depth as aerobic training. Due to the various physical and functional adaptations induced by the various modes of resistance training, such as amplified muscular strength and muscle mass, as well as enhanced neuromuscular control and coordination, it is essential to understand which mode of training is most effective in reducing the risk factors associated with CPD. As such, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of muscle endurance and hypertrophy resistance training on cardiopulmonary risk factor reduction in an attempt to minimalise the ever-increasing mortality and morbidity rates associated with CPD. 42 sedentary males were divided into two exercise groups hypertrophy training group (n=15) and a muscle endurance training group (n=13) as well as a non-exercising control group (n=14). The two exercise groups completed their respective one-hour training sessions held three days a week every Monday, Wednesday and Friday for eight weeks, whilst the non-exercising control group continued with their daily routine. The following evaluations were completed during both pre- and post-tests: smoking recall, dietary evaluation, alcohol recall, psychological evaluation, cardiovascular evaluation, haematological...
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The effect of sacroiliac joint adjustment in conjunction with myofascial dry needling of the rectus femoris muscle and myofascial dry needling on its own on quadriceps femoris muscle strength
- Authors: Vosloo, Esther
- Date: 2012-05-30
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Acupuncture , Quadriceps muscle , Muscle strength , Sacroiliac joint diseases - Chiropractic treatment , Myofascial dry needling
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2282 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4743
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was conducted to determine the effect of Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint in combination with myofascial dry needling to the active/latent Rectus Femoris muscle trigger point and Rectus Femoris myofascial dry needling on its own on Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years were recruited through the use of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by performing a Full Case History, Pertinent Physical Examination, Lumbar Spine and Pelvis Regional Examination and S.O.A.P note. The participants who conformed to the specific inclusion criteria were accepted for this study. These participants were randomly placed into two groups of sixteen participants each. Group One receive Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint and ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger points. Group two received myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger point on the same side as the Sacroiliac joint restriction. Each participant received five treatments over a three week period, i.e. two treatments for the first two weeks and one follow-up treatment in the third week. The subjective data of the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the Isometric Dynamometer measuring the Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength before and after each treatment. In addition the Algometer was used for measuring the pressure pain threshold of the Rectus Femoris trigger points. An analysis was performed using Repeated Measures Analysis, t-Test, Frequencis, Descriptives and Friedman’s Tests. The results of this study demonstrate that Sacroiliac joint adjustment to a restricted Sacroiliac joint with ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle showed a statistically significant, but temporary increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle on its own was found to be statistically insignificant for the increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Vosloo, Esther
- Date: 2012-05-30
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Acupuncture , Quadriceps muscle , Muscle strength , Sacroiliac joint diseases - Chiropractic treatment , Myofascial dry needling
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2282 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4743
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was conducted to determine the effect of Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint in combination with myofascial dry needling to the active/latent Rectus Femoris muscle trigger point and Rectus Femoris myofascial dry needling on its own on Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years were recruited through the use of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by performing a Full Case History, Pertinent Physical Examination, Lumbar Spine and Pelvis Regional Examination and S.O.A.P note. The participants who conformed to the specific inclusion criteria were accepted for this study. These participants were randomly placed into two groups of sixteen participants each. Group One receive Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint and ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger points. Group two received myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger point on the same side as the Sacroiliac joint restriction. Each participant received five treatments over a three week period, i.e. two treatments for the first two weeks and one follow-up treatment in the third week. The subjective data of the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the Isometric Dynamometer measuring the Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength before and after each treatment. In addition the Algometer was used for measuring the pressure pain threshold of the Rectus Femoris trigger points. An analysis was performed using Repeated Measures Analysis, t-Test, Frequencis, Descriptives and Friedman’s Tests. The results of this study demonstrate that Sacroiliac joint adjustment to a restricted Sacroiliac joint with ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle showed a statistically significant, but temporary increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle on its own was found to be statistically insignificant for the increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength.
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The effect of active scapular correction, cervical manipulation or a combination thereof on pain and pain pressure threshold in patients with chronic neck pain
- Authors: Verwey, Ami-Lee
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cervical syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Scapula - Abnormalities , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399637 , uj:33316
- Description: Abstract : Purpose: Current research has compared active and passive scapular correction and has proven that active scapular correction such as axioscapular muscle exercises cause an immediate decrease in cervical segment pain and pressure sensitivity (Lluch, Arguisuelas, Quesada, Noguera, Puchades, Rodríguez & Falla, 2014). The aim of the study was to determine if cervical manipulation, active scapular correction or a combination of cervical manipulation and active scapular correction has an effect on chronic neck pain sufferers by measuring pain and pressure pain threshold. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 to 45 years, including both males and females, took part in this study. Participants were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and once deemed suitable for the study, were divided randomly three equal groups using the interval method. Group 1 received a cervical manipulation, Group 2 performed scapular exercises and Group 3 received a cervical manipulation and performed the scapular exercises. Measurements: The participant was screened for scapular dyskinesis through the scapular dyskinesis test to determine if the participant met the inclusion criteria for the study. The participant was asked to fill out a NDI, with required a minimum score of 5/50. The researcher identified the most symptomatic restriction by using motion palpation to assess range of motion and an algometer to measure pain pressure threshold. Three consecutive algometer readings were taken and recorded at the level of this segment before and after treatment on visits 1, 4 and 7. This procedure was followed for all three groups. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Verwey, Ami-Lee
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cervical syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Scapula - Abnormalities , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399637 , uj:33316
- Description: Abstract : Purpose: Current research has compared active and passive scapular correction and has proven that active scapular correction such as axioscapular muscle exercises cause an immediate decrease in cervical segment pain and pressure sensitivity (Lluch, Arguisuelas, Quesada, Noguera, Puchades, Rodríguez & Falla, 2014). The aim of the study was to determine if cervical manipulation, active scapular correction or a combination of cervical manipulation and active scapular correction has an effect on chronic neck pain sufferers by measuring pain and pressure pain threshold. Design: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 to 45 years, including both males and females, took part in this study. Participants were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and once deemed suitable for the study, were divided randomly three equal groups using the interval method. Group 1 received a cervical manipulation, Group 2 performed scapular exercises and Group 3 received a cervical manipulation and performed the scapular exercises. Measurements: The participant was screened for scapular dyskinesis through the scapular dyskinesis test to determine if the participant met the inclusion criteria for the study. The participant was asked to fill out a NDI, with required a minimum score of 5/50. The researcher identified the most symptomatic restriction by using motion palpation to assess range of motion and an algometer to measure pain pressure threshold. Three consecutive algometer readings were taken and recorded at the level of this segment before and after treatment on visits 1, 4 and 7. This procedure was followed for all three groups. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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