Strengthening HIV & AIDS humanitarian logistics and supply chains at NatPharm Zimbabwe
- Authors: Chingono, Tatenda Talent
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Business logistics , Logistics - Management , Antiretroviral agents - Supply and demand
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82530 , uj:18969
- Description: Abstract: The Zimbabwean national HIV/AIDS relief commodities program is gradually expanding with the number of people living with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy increasing at a notable rate as well (UNIDO, 2011), but also according to the same report the program has recently been experiencing short supply of antiretroviral and other related AIDS/HIV relief commodities. The supply chain management system is also noted to be not well defined (UNIDO, 2011) and thus interruption of supply of antiretroviral is a major challenge to the national program as this increases the risk of patients defaulting and hence treatment failure which also leads to resistance of treatment efforts and ARVs. There is a need to strengthen the current supply chain and logistics so as to reduce the risk of stock outs and to also strengthen the capacity of concerned and interested parties to absorb the high volumes of demand for HIV/ AIDS commodities. The main objective of this study was to identify challenges of the current procurement, storage, distributions components of the supply chains in Zimbabwe. The study mainly used primary data collection methods in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Secondary data from the literature review was used to complement the survey.150 questionnaires with both open ended and closed questions as shown in Appendix 1 were administered and 105 valid responses were recorded. Willing participants in the industry including Government, NGOs, Pharmaceutical companies and Embassies that play a pivotal role in the procurement and distribution of HIV/AIDS related commodities and also have offices in Harare, Zimbabwe responded . The perceived national average was then analysed in comparison to that of Nat-Pharm. Solutions and recommendations were then suggested in order to attend to the identified deficiencies, problems and challenges in an effort to strengthen the Supply chains.Poverty and unemployment are both rampant and they make the fight against the HIV/AIDS various difficult and complicated in Zimbabwe. It is also being driven by the shrinking economy and extreme poverty. Aid has sometimes flown continuously but one can note that aid is being politicized as well.The country still needs million to successfully monitor and manage victims. Zimbabwe has also experienced major systems limitations in the delivery of services and commodities. In strengthening procurement and Supply Management, NatPharm is now concentrating on providing procurement services of pharmaceuticals to complement its storage and distribution functions. Agencies were also encouraged to work together and complement each other and also the government’s effort. The government of Zimbabwe should give all the necessary and required space for non-governmental organizations to operate to their maximum possible ability and potential. It was also suggested that further work still need to be done, such work can include “logistics performance measurement”, so as to... , M.Tech. (Operations Management)
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- Authors: Chingono, Tatenda Talent
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Business logistics , Logistics - Management , Antiretroviral agents - Supply and demand
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82530 , uj:18969
- Description: Abstract: The Zimbabwean national HIV/AIDS relief commodities program is gradually expanding with the number of people living with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy increasing at a notable rate as well (UNIDO, 2011), but also according to the same report the program has recently been experiencing short supply of antiretroviral and other related AIDS/HIV relief commodities. The supply chain management system is also noted to be not well defined (UNIDO, 2011) and thus interruption of supply of antiretroviral is a major challenge to the national program as this increases the risk of patients defaulting and hence treatment failure which also leads to resistance of treatment efforts and ARVs. There is a need to strengthen the current supply chain and logistics so as to reduce the risk of stock outs and to also strengthen the capacity of concerned and interested parties to absorb the high volumes of demand for HIV/ AIDS commodities. The main objective of this study was to identify challenges of the current procurement, storage, distributions components of the supply chains in Zimbabwe. The study mainly used primary data collection methods in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Secondary data from the literature review was used to complement the survey.150 questionnaires with both open ended and closed questions as shown in Appendix 1 were administered and 105 valid responses were recorded. Willing participants in the industry including Government, NGOs, Pharmaceutical companies and Embassies that play a pivotal role in the procurement and distribution of HIV/AIDS related commodities and also have offices in Harare, Zimbabwe responded . The perceived national average was then analysed in comparison to that of Nat-Pharm. Solutions and recommendations were then suggested in order to attend to the identified deficiencies, problems and challenges in an effort to strengthen the Supply chains.Poverty and unemployment are both rampant and they make the fight against the HIV/AIDS various difficult and complicated in Zimbabwe. It is also being driven by the shrinking economy and extreme poverty. Aid has sometimes flown continuously but one can note that aid is being politicized as well.The country still needs million to successfully monitor and manage victims. Zimbabwe has also experienced major systems limitations in the delivery of services and commodities. In strengthening procurement and Supply Management, NatPharm is now concentrating on providing procurement services of pharmaceuticals to complement its storage and distribution functions. Agencies were also encouraged to work together and complement each other and also the government’s effort. The government of Zimbabwe should give all the necessary and required space for non-governmental organizations to operate to their maximum possible ability and potential. It was also suggested that further work still need to be done, such work can include “logistics performance measurement”, so as to... , M.Tech. (Operations Management)
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The cascading effect of liner shipping trade on strategic SADC ports
- Authors: Nabee, Sumayah Goolam
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Shipping - Economic aspects , Southern African Development Community
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82426 , uj:18956
- Description: Abstract: The traditional world economy has changed. Dominant markets such as the US and Europe are struggling, while new economic growth is driven by developing nations. The maritime industry is essential to this growth - facilitating the global movement of goods through the use of ports. By means of a literature review, the study illustrates how the changing liner industry has initiated the building of larger containerships. The rapid economic growth of the SADC region together with the presence of larger containerships on the East-West trade route has highlighted the largely ill-equipped nature of the SADC port system as the cascading effect displaces “smaller” containerships on secondary North-South trade routes. The cascading effect has necessitated the need for a hub-and-spoke network configuration in the SADC region. The study further emphasises current investments and expansion projects for strategic SADC ports and corridors to determine a future port scenario in the liner shipping trade. The changing port landscape in the SADC region means that the traditionally strong South African ports are subject to greater competition for cargoes originating from the hinterland. The purpose of this study has been to determine the impact of the cascading effect in liner shipping on the SADC port system, in order to identify a hub port for the region and additionally identify a future structure for strategic SADC ports in relation to the hinterland. The research methodology was structured as a secondary data analysis. The application of a comparative matrix for both strategic ports and strategic corridors established the future SADC port structure. Furthermore, an east-facing hub port for the SADC region was identified. The overall finding of the study was that for the long-term future, the port of Durban would remain the ideal hub port for the SADC region. The port is ideally positioned to capture cargo on the growing and lucrative South-South East trade route and the future development of the Durban-Gauteng corridor will facilitate the movement of cargo to and from the SADC hinterland... , M.Com. (Logistics Management)
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- Authors: Nabee, Sumayah Goolam
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Shipping - Economic aspects , Southern African Development Community
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82426 , uj:18956
- Description: Abstract: The traditional world economy has changed. Dominant markets such as the US and Europe are struggling, while new economic growth is driven by developing nations. The maritime industry is essential to this growth - facilitating the global movement of goods through the use of ports. By means of a literature review, the study illustrates how the changing liner industry has initiated the building of larger containerships. The rapid economic growth of the SADC region together with the presence of larger containerships on the East-West trade route has highlighted the largely ill-equipped nature of the SADC port system as the cascading effect displaces “smaller” containerships on secondary North-South trade routes. The cascading effect has necessitated the need for a hub-and-spoke network configuration in the SADC region. The study further emphasises current investments and expansion projects for strategic SADC ports and corridors to determine a future port scenario in the liner shipping trade. The changing port landscape in the SADC region means that the traditionally strong South African ports are subject to greater competition for cargoes originating from the hinterland. The purpose of this study has been to determine the impact of the cascading effect in liner shipping on the SADC port system, in order to identify a hub port for the region and additionally identify a future structure for strategic SADC ports in relation to the hinterland. The research methodology was structured as a secondary data analysis. The application of a comparative matrix for both strategic ports and strategic corridors established the future SADC port structure. Furthermore, an east-facing hub port for the SADC region was identified. The overall finding of the study was that for the long-term future, the port of Durban would remain the ideal hub port for the SADC region. The port is ideally positioned to capture cargo on the growing and lucrative South-South East trade route and the future development of the Durban-Gauteng corridor will facilitate the movement of cargo to and from the SADC hinterland... , M.Com. (Logistics Management)
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An engagement model for collaborative outsourcing relationships
- Delport, Reinet, Mkhwanazi, Sipho
- Authors: Delport, Reinet , Mkhwanazi, Sipho
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Contracting out , Industrial management
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/55463 , uj:16294
- Description: Abstract: The modern world represents a turbulent and ever-changing environment. Business organisations strive to achieve efficient and effective logistics management processes within the value chain and increasingly appreciate the need for logistics specialists or expert partners to support their value chain or supply chain activities. Thus, the consideration of outsourcing non-core activities in the value chain has become paramount to organisations, with the ambition to optimise organisational structure towards sustainable competitive advantage. This is a business need which Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) have grasped over the years, and resultantly, have expanded their service offering in supply chain activities. Simultaneously, collaborative relationships between LSPs and their clients have become vital to achieve successful delivery of supply chain activities. The rationale of the study was to provide guidance on how collaborative relationships in an outsourced logistics function can be achieved both strategically and operationally. The aim of the study was to determine the foundation - associated key elements which enable optimal value from relationships between an LSP and its clients. The study was conducted on Imperial Logistics (IL), a division of Imperial Group (Proprietary) Limited. The key objectives of the study were to: i) provide guidance on an optimal strategic engagement model for a collaborative relationship in outsourcing, including suggesting a suitable performance measurement tool to measure such a relationship, and ii) to consider how well the current operational status quo in IL aligns to the engagement model. The study was conducted using a mixed-method approach; quantitative data , M.Com. (Business Management)
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- Authors: Delport, Reinet , Mkhwanazi, Sipho
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Contracting out , Industrial management
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/55463 , uj:16294
- Description: Abstract: The modern world represents a turbulent and ever-changing environment. Business organisations strive to achieve efficient and effective logistics management processes within the value chain and increasingly appreciate the need for logistics specialists or expert partners to support their value chain or supply chain activities. Thus, the consideration of outsourcing non-core activities in the value chain has become paramount to organisations, with the ambition to optimise organisational structure towards sustainable competitive advantage. This is a business need which Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) have grasped over the years, and resultantly, have expanded their service offering in supply chain activities. Simultaneously, collaborative relationships between LSPs and their clients have become vital to achieve successful delivery of supply chain activities. The rationale of the study was to provide guidance on how collaborative relationships in an outsourced logistics function can be achieved both strategically and operationally. The aim of the study was to determine the foundation - associated key elements which enable optimal value from relationships between an LSP and its clients. The study was conducted on Imperial Logistics (IL), a division of Imperial Group (Proprietary) Limited. The key objectives of the study were to: i) provide guidance on an optimal strategic engagement model for a collaborative relationship in outsourcing, including suggesting a suitable performance measurement tool to measure such a relationship, and ii) to consider how well the current operational status quo in IL aligns to the engagement model. The study was conducted using a mixed-method approach; quantitative data , M.Com. (Business Management)
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Die optimalisering van 'n uitvoerdistribusiekanaal aan die hand van die geintegreerde logistieke bestuursbenadering : 'n gevallestudie
- Authors: Nel, Lukas Johannes
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Exports , Logistics - Management , International trade , Strategic planning - Case studies
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3644 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9029
- Description: M.Com. (Business Management) , In articles, research papers and books, the concept of managing logistics as an intergral part of total business - an interconnected pipeline of information, activities and materials from source to final destination - has been widely touted as an idea whose time has come. Integrated logistics management, provides senior executives with the tool to supervise and manage the logistics activities as an intergrated system that spans traditional organisational lines. This study provides an overview of logistics with emphasis on the intergrated logistics management concept and how to administer it. It concludes with a case study, using the concept to optimize an export logistics chain.
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- Authors: Nel, Lukas Johannes
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Exports , Logistics - Management , International trade , Strategic planning - Case studies
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3644 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9029
- Description: M.Com. (Business Management) , In articles, research papers and books, the concept of managing logistics as an intergral part of total business - an interconnected pipeline of information, activities and materials from source to final destination - has been widely touted as an idea whose time has come. Integrated logistics management, provides senior executives with the tool to supervise and manage the logistics activities as an intergrated system that spans traditional organisational lines. This study provides an overview of logistics with emphasis on the intergrated logistics management concept and how to administer it. It concludes with a case study, using the concept to optimize an export logistics chain.
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Activity-based management to improve public warehouse functioning in the logistics supply chain.
- Authors: Luke, Rosemary-Jane
- Date: 2012-08-15
- Subjects: Warehouses - Management , Logistics - Management
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9422 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5856
- Description: M.Comm. , The South African economy is currently in a dynamic phase of change. In seeking a solution to rebuilding the economy and attaining a growth rate which is capable of creating jobs and sustaining economic development, it is widely recognized that a competitive platform needs to be created for a powerful expansion by the tradable goods sector. Many South African products cannot compete in international markets because of high unit costs and the consequential high prices offered to consumers. One of the primary reasons for product uncompetitiveness can be described as supply chain inefficiencies.q The supply chain is defined as the network of organisations that are involved in the various processes and activities that produce value in the form of products and services in the hands of the ultimate consumer. This study analyzes a single stand-alone component of the supply chain organisation, namely the public warehouse. The study recognizes that warehousing plays a vital role in enhancing end-user value by providing time and space utility and suggests that in order for the warehouse to fulfil a valueadding role, it must adjust its functioning to meet the supply chain's requirements. The study shows that conventional techniques are incorrectly focused and are thus inappropriate in an organisation aiming to achieve competitiveness and profitability, optimise the logistics trade-off between cost and quality and simultaneously supply the customer with a high level of service performance. The use of conventional costing and management techniques are shown to lead to the incorrect calculation and misallocation of costs which in turn result in inaccurate product (service) costing. This has made the public warehouse analyzed uncompetitive in the market and as a result unable to add any additional value to the customer. It is suggested that a completely new and differently focused system needs to be implemented if supply chain objectives are to be realised. It is suggested that activity-based management is capable of achieving supply chain goals. Activity-based management (ABM) is a system or discipline which focuses on the management of activities as the route to improving the value received by the customer and the profit achieved by providing this value. The study shows that ABM, as applied to the public warehouse, was able to achieve cost reductions, better and more effective management, enhanced strategic positioning, and, most importantly, competitiveness in the market place, a prerequisite for adding value to the supply chain. The study recognizes that supply chain management and activity-based management are relatively new fields of expertise, and that these are not yet recognized as a fully fledged profession in South Africa. Supply chain management needs to be established and promoted as a formal profession. Finally it is recognized that more research is necessary before ABM and supply chain management can become the standard in South African organisations. Information needs to be obtained regarding key South African performance indicators and information needs to be recognized as a strategic asset. Once this recognition is achieved strategic information plans can be designed and used to enhance the competitiveness of South African products.
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- Authors: Luke, Rosemary-Jane
- Date: 2012-08-15
- Subjects: Warehouses - Management , Logistics - Management
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9422 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5856
- Description: M.Comm. , The South African economy is currently in a dynamic phase of change. In seeking a solution to rebuilding the economy and attaining a growth rate which is capable of creating jobs and sustaining economic development, it is widely recognized that a competitive platform needs to be created for a powerful expansion by the tradable goods sector. Many South African products cannot compete in international markets because of high unit costs and the consequential high prices offered to consumers. One of the primary reasons for product uncompetitiveness can be described as supply chain inefficiencies.q The supply chain is defined as the network of organisations that are involved in the various processes and activities that produce value in the form of products and services in the hands of the ultimate consumer. This study analyzes a single stand-alone component of the supply chain organisation, namely the public warehouse. The study recognizes that warehousing plays a vital role in enhancing end-user value by providing time and space utility and suggests that in order for the warehouse to fulfil a valueadding role, it must adjust its functioning to meet the supply chain's requirements. The study shows that conventional techniques are incorrectly focused and are thus inappropriate in an organisation aiming to achieve competitiveness and profitability, optimise the logistics trade-off between cost and quality and simultaneously supply the customer with a high level of service performance. The use of conventional costing and management techniques are shown to lead to the incorrect calculation and misallocation of costs which in turn result in inaccurate product (service) costing. This has made the public warehouse analyzed uncompetitive in the market and as a result unable to add any additional value to the customer. It is suggested that a completely new and differently focused system needs to be implemented if supply chain objectives are to be realised. It is suggested that activity-based management is capable of achieving supply chain goals. Activity-based management (ABM) is a system or discipline which focuses on the management of activities as the route to improving the value received by the customer and the profit achieved by providing this value. The study shows that ABM, as applied to the public warehouse, was able to achieve cost reductions, better and more effective management, enhanced strategic positioning, and, most importantly, competitiveness in the market place, a prerequisite for adding value to the supply chain. The study recognizes that supply chain management and activity-based management are relatively new fields of expertise, and that these are not yet recognized as a fully fledged profession in South Africa. Supply chain management needs to be established and promoted as a formal profession. Finally it is recognized that more research is necessary before ABM and supply chain management can become the standard in South African organisations. Information needs to be obtained regarding key South African performance indicators and information needs to be recognized as a strategic asset. Once this recognition is achieved strategic information plans can be designed and used to enhance the competitiveness of South African products.
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Logistics outsourcing and performance of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Nairobi
- Authors: Mageto, Joash Nyakeirura
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Logistics - Contracting out - Kenya - Nairobi , Small business - Kenya - Nairobi
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/262088 , uj:27653
- Description: Ph.D. (Logistics Management) , Abstract: Small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (also known as manufacturing SMEs) make a significant contribution to developing countries’ economic growth and development. Not only do manufacturing SMEs assist their countries’ industrialisation efforts, they also provide employment to large numbers of people, thereby helping to alleviate poverty. It is therefore unfortunate that, despite the pivotal role that it could be playing, Kenya’s manufacturing SME sector has put in a dismal performance over the years. This is partly attributable to SMEs’ logistics resource limitations and management shortcomings. In this thesis, it is hypothesised that the logistics function can be run efficiently and effectively through logistics outsourcing, which in turn can improve overall firm performance. To this end, the relationship between logistics outsourcing and the performance of manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi is investigated. Prior research has produced mixed results regarding the influence of logistics outsourcing on firm performance, with some authors claiming a positive effect and others claiming a neutral or negative effect. In this study, the relationship between these two phenomena was investigated using a mixed methods research design. The specific research questions, which focused on manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi, sought to determine (1) the extent to which logistics outsourcing had been adopted by the SMEs in question, (2) the nature of the relationship between logistics outsourcing and the SMEs’ performance, (3) the determinants of logistics outsourcing performance among the SMEs, and (4) how logistics outsourcing influenced the SMEs’ logistics performance. The findings revealed a high extent of logistics outsourcing among manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi, with the majority being light outsourcers. Among the study’s conclusions were that logistics outsourcing has a positive, indirect influence on the performance of manufacturing SMEs, with logistics outsourcing performance being a mediating variable. When embarking on a logistics outsourcing strategy, SMEs should concentrate on nurturing strong relationships with their logistics service providers by establishing strong communication links, maintaining high levels of trust and cooperation, negotiating ‘win-win’ contracts and helping the service providers to be innovative in their service offerings. At the same time, SMEs should retain some logistics capabilities in-house in order to coordinate and control the outsourced activities. This study is poised to make a valuable contribution to the literature on logistics management by presenting a logistics outsourcing critical path model aimed at manufacturing SMEs. This model will be a particularly useful guide for owners/managers of manufacturing SMEs who are looking to improve their enterprises’ performance by adopting a logistics outsourcing strategy.
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Logistics outsourcing and performance of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Nairobi
- Authors: Mageto, Joash Nyakeirura
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Logistics - Management , Logistics - Contracting out - Kenya - Nairobi , Small business - Kenya - Nairobi
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/262088 , uj:27653
- Description: Ph.D. (Logistics Management) , Abstract: Small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (also known as manufacturing SMEs) make a significant contribution to developing countries’ economic growth and development. Not only do manufacturing SMEs assist their countries’ industrialisation efforts, they also provide employment to large numbers of people, thereby helping to alleviate poverty. It is therefore unfortunate that, despite the pivotal role that it could be playing, Kenya’s manufacturing SME sector has put in a dismal performance over the years. This is partly attributable to SMEs’ logistics resource limitations and management shortcomings. In this thesis, it is hypothesised that the logistics function can be run efficiently and effectively through logistics outsourcing, which in turn can improve overall firm performance. To this end, the relationship between logistics outsourcing and the performance of manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi is investigated. Prior research has produced mixed results regarding the influence of logistics outsourcing on firm performance, with some authors claiming a positive effect and others claiming a neutral or negative effect. In this study, the relationship between these two phenomena was investigated using a mixed methods research design. The specific research questions, which focused on manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi, sought to determine (1) the extent to which logistics outsourcing had been adopted by the SMEs in question, (2) the nature of the relationship between logistics outsourcing and the SMEs’ performance, (3) the determinants of logistics outsourcing performance among the SMEs, and (4) how logistics outsourcing influenced the SMEs’ logistics performance. The findings revealed a high extent of logistics outsourcing among manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi, with the majority being light outsourcers. Among the study’s conclusions were that logistics outsourcing has a positive, indirect influence on the performance of manufacturing SMEs, with logistics outsourcing performance being a mediating variable. When embarking on a logistics outsourcing strategy, SMEs should concentrate on nurturing strong relationships with their logistics service providers by establishing strong communication links, maintaining high levels of trust and cooperation, negotiating ‘win-win’ contracts and helping the service providers to be innovative in their service offerings. At the same time, SMEs should retain some logistics capabilities in-house in order to coordinate and control the outsourced activities. This study is poised to make a valuable contribution to the literature on logistics management by presenting a logistics outsourcing critical path model aimed at manufacturing SMEs. This model will be a particularly useful guide for owners/managers of manufacturing SMEs who are looking to improve their enterprises’ performance by adopting a logistics outsourcing strategy.
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