Palm kernel incinerated ash as low cost concrete component
- Agbenyeku, Emem-Obong Emmanuel, Okonta, Felix Ndubisi
- Authors: Agbenyeku, Emem-Obong Emmanuel , Okonta, Felix Ndubisi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Lightweight concrete , High strength concrete , Incineration
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5058 , ISBN 9781614994657 , ISSN 9781614994664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13620
- Description: The incorporation of commercially available fly ash (FA) as low cost material in concrete has long been established. Large quantities of FA are utilized for research and field applications because of the pozzolanic characteristics. One of many pozzolanic materials is palm kernel incinerated ash (PKIA). The abundance of PKIA as an agricultural waste material in West Africa obtained by the incineration of palm kernel husk and shells in milling boilers paved way for this study. Specimens containing 50%PKIA were cast and cured both in water and air and their compressive strength and shrinkage behaviours were investigated with and without the addition of superplasticizer (hydroxylated carboxylic (HC) acid) in comparison with controlled specimens containing 100%OPC. Results showed that the strength development in PKIA green concrete at all ages of curing; 7,14 and 28 days were lower than OPC concrete. On the addition of superplasticizer, strength of 36.9N/mm2 was observed for specimens with superplasticizer as against 31.7N/mm2 for specimens without superplasticizer on the 28day. The water curing method produced the best results while the predicted shrinkage strain of the green concrete in accordance to ACI 209R-92 standard was higher than the control specimens.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Agbenyeku, Emem-Obong Emmanuel , Okonta, Felix Ndubisi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Lightweight concrete , High strength concrete , Incineration
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5058 , ISBN 9781614994657 , ISSN 9781614994664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13620
- Description: The incorporation of commercially available fly ash (FA) as low cost material in concrete has long been established. Large quantities of FA are utilized for research and field applications because of the pozzolanic characteristics. One of many pozzolanic materials is palm kernel incinerated ash (PKIA). The abundance of PKIA as an agricultural waste material in West Africa obtained by the incineration of palm kernel husk and shells in milling boilers paved way for this study. Specimens containing 50%PKIA were cast and cured both in water and air and their compressive strength and shrinkage behaviours were investigated with and without the addition of superplasticizer (hydroxylated carboxylic (HC) acid) in comparison with controlled specimens containing 100%OPC. Results showed that the strength development in PKIA green concrete at all ages of curing; 7,14 and 28 days were lower than OPC concrete. On the addition of superplasticizer, strength of 36.9N/mm2 was observed for specimens with superplasticizer as against 31.7N/mm2 for specimens without superplasticizer on the 28day. The water curing method produced the best results while the predicted shrinkage strain of the green concrete in accordance to ACI 209R-92 standard was higher than the control specimens.
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Flow model for the treatment of acid mine drainage using pervious concrete
- Authors: Mafanya, Lindelwa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Acid mine drainage , Lightweight concrete
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/479905 , uj:43425
- Description: Abstract: While mining is a central income generating industry, numerous environmental concerns are related with it. The development of a metal concentrated acid solution known as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is a main environmental concern of some mining operations. In most cases it is desirable to prevent AMD, however, since this is not always possibly, treatment of AMD will mostly be required. It has been found that pervious concrete has waste water treatment qualities, however, limited work has been done to establish those qualities. The aim of this study is to examine and establish the connection between flow rate of AMD through a porous medium such as pervious concrete and the aggregate size of Pervious Concrete. This is done in order to achieve a low cost, yet effective method that can improve treatment of AMD for communities, especially in South Africa, affected by the problems associated with AMD. Some AMD samples are collected from South32 coal mine, which have high sulphate content, for laboratory testing. To predict fluid flow through pervious concrete as a medium, a mathematical model is formulated and tested. The results show that as AMD is filtered through the layers of pervious concrete precipitates of heavy metals may be removed. The pervious concrete layers also help to increase pH level of AMD to more acceptable values making concurrent absorption and neutralization a possible alternative. , M.Tech. (Mechanical Engineering Technology)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mafanya, Lindelwa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Acid mine drainage , Lightweight concrete
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/479905 , uj:43425
- Description: Abstract: While mining is a central income generating industry, numerous environmental concerns are related with it. The development of a metal concentrated acid solution known as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is a main environmental concern of some mining operations. In most cases it is desirable to prevent AMD, however, since this is not always possibly, treatment of AMD will mostly be required. It has been found that pervious concrete has waste water treatment qualities, however, limited work has been done to establish those qualities. The aim of this study is to examine and establish the connection between flow rate of AMD through a porous medium such as pervious concrete and the aggregate size of Pervious Concrete. This is done in order to achieve a low cost, yet effective method that can improve treatment of AMD for communities, especially in South Africa, affected by the problems associated with AMD. Some AMD samples are collected from South32 coal mine, which have high sulphate content, for laboratory testing. To predict fluid flow through pervious concrete as a medium, a mathematical model is formulated and tested. The results show that as AMD is filtered through the layers of pervious concrete precipitates of heavy metals may be removed. The pervious concrete layers also help to increase pH level of AMD to more acceptable values making concurrent absorption and neutralization a possible alternative. , M.Tech. (Mechanical Engineering Technology)
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