Assessment of the suitability of mine water treated with pervious concrete for irrigation use
- Shabalala, Ayanda N., Ekolu, Stephen O.
- Authors: Shabalala, Ayanda N. , Ekolu, Stephen O.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Acid mine drainage , Irrigation , Pervious concrete
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404921 , uj:33979 , Citation: Shabalala, A.N., Ekolu, S.O. 2019 : Assessment of the suitability of mine water treated with pervious concrete for irrigation use.
- Description: Abstract : In water scarce countries, the treatment and re-use of polluted mine water can be a solution to the water shortage problem. In this study, the possible use of pervious concrete to treat Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) for irrigation of agricultural crops, was investigated. Pervious concrete mixtures consisting of 6.7 mm granite aggregate and plain portland cement CEM I 52.5R (CEM I) with or without 30% fly ash (30%FA) were prepared and used to conduct column studies on AMD. The AMD types used in the study were obtained from abandoned coal (TDB) and gold (WZ) mines. Physico-chemical parameters of water including the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), along with element concentrations were analysed. Also the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), and Kelly’s ratio (KR) of the treated AMD were calculated and compared against the water quality criteria for irrigation use. Results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the treated TDB or WZ were generally reduced to satisfactory levels for crop irrigation. The treatment of AMD using pervious concrete had no significant influence on TDS, EC, SSP and KR values. Use of CEM I pervious concrete increased the Cr6+ concentrations to levels above the limits acceptable for irrigation water but use of 30% FA in the concrete reduced the Cr6+ levels to permissible limits. Pervious concrete was found to be more suited for treating AMD sources of low alkali concentrations such WZ, to produce treated water quality for irrigation use.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Shabalala, Ayanda N. , Ekolu, Stephen O.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Acid mine drainage , Irrigation , Pervious concrete
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404921 , uj:33979 , Citation: Shabalala, A.N., Ekolu, S.O. 2019 : Assessment of the suitability of mine water treated with pervious concrete for irrigation use.
- Description: Abstract : In water scarce countries, the treatment and re-use of polluted mine water can be a solution to the water shortage problem. In this study, the possible use of pervious concrete to treat Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) for irrigation of agricultural crops, was investigated. Pervious concrete mixtures consisting of 6.7 mm granite aggregate and plain portland cement CEM I 52.5R (CEM I) with or without 30% fly ash (30%FA) were prepared and used to conduct column studies on AMD. The AMD types used in the study were obtained from abandoned coal (TDB) and gold (WZ) mines. Physico-chemical parameters of water including the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), along with element concentrations were analysed. Also the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), and Kelly’s ratio (KR) of the treated AMD were calculated and compared against the water quality criteria for irrigation use. Results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the treated TDB or WZ were generally reduced to satisfactory levels for crop irrigation. The treatment of AMD using pervious concrete had no significant influence on TDS, EC, SSP and KR values. Use of CEM I pervious concrete increased the Cr6+ concentrations to levels above the limits acceptable for irrigation water but use of 30% FA in the concrete reduced the Cr6+ levels to permissible limits. Pervious concrete was found to be more suited for treating AMD sources of low alkali concentrations such WZ, to produce treated water quality for irrigation use.
- Full Text:
Spatial variability and dynamics of soil pH, soil organic carbon and matter content : the case of the Wonji Shoa sugarcane plantation
- Dinka, Megersa Olumana, Dinka, Meseret
- Authors: Dinka, Megersa Olumana , Dinka, Meseret
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Irrigation , Organic carbon , Organic matter content
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/402911 , uj:33739 , Citation: Dinka, M.O. & Dinka, M. 2019. Spatial variability and dynamics of soil pH, soil organic carbon and matter content : the case of the Wonji Shoa sugarcane plantation.
- Description: Abstract: This study presents the spatial variability and dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH contents at the Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE), Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected immediately after the sugarcane was harvested and then analysed for SOC, SOM and pH content using standard procedures. The analysis results showed that the pH value varied between 6.7–8.4 (neutral to moderately alkaline) and 7.3–8.5 (neutral to strongly alkaline) for the top and bottom soil profiles, respectively. The SOM content is in the range of 1.1–6.7% and 0.74–3.3% for the upper and lower soil layers, respectively. Nearly 45% of the samples demonstrated a SOM content below the desirable threshold (<2.1%) in the bottom layer and, hence, inadequate. Moreover, most of the topsoil layer (95%) has an SOM content exceeding the desirable limit and hence is categorized within the normal range. Interestingly, the SOC content showed a spatial variability in both the surface and sub-surface soil layers. A lower SOC and SOM content was found for the sub-soil in the south and southwestern part of the plantation. A further decline in the SOC and SOM content may face the estate if the current waterlogging condition continues in the future for a long period. Overall, the study result emphasizes the need to minimize the pre-harvest burning of sugarcane and action is needed to change the irrigation method to green harvesting to facilitate the SOC retention in the soil and minimize the greenhouse emission effect on the environment, hence improving soil quality in the long-term.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dinka, Megersa Olumana , Dinka, Meseret
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Irrigation , Organic carbon , Organic matter content
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/402911 , uj:33739 , Citation: Dinka, M.O. & Dinka, M. 2019. Spatial variability and dynamics of soil pH, soil organic carbon and matter content : the case of the Wonji Shoa sugarcane plantation.
- Description: Abstract: This study presents the spatial variability and dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH contents at the Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE), Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected immediately after the sugarcane was harvested and then analysed for SOC, SOM and pH content using standard procedures. The analysis results showed that the pH value varied between 6.7–8.4 (neutral to moderately alkaline) and 7.3–8.5 (neutral to strongly alkaline) for the top and bottom soil profiles, respectively. The SOM content is in the range of 1.1–6.7% and 0.74–3.3% for the upper and lower soil layers, respectively. Nearly 45% of the samples demonstrated a SOM content below the desirable threshold (<2.1%) in the bottom layer and, hence, inadequate. Moreover, most of the topsoil layer (95%) has an SOM content exceeding the desirable limit and hence is categorized within the normal range. Interestingly, the SOC content showed a spatial variability in both the surface and sub-surface soil layers. A lower SOC and SOM content was found for the sub-soil in the south and southwestern part of the plantation. A further decline in the SOC and SOM content may face the estate if the current waterlogging condition continues in the future for a long period. Overall, the study result emphasizes the need to minimize the pre-harvest burning of sugarcane and action is needed to change the irrigation method to green harvesting to facilitate the SOC retention in the soil and minimize the greenhouse emission effect on the environment, hence improving soil quality in the long-term.
- Full Text:
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