The implications of the theory of constraints on inventory buffers
- Authors: Moyo, Bawinile
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Consumer satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/83079 , uj:19048
- Description: Abstract: Good inventory management can lead to high organisational performance by minimising inventory holding costs and improving customer service across the supply chain. The management of inventory remains a major challenge for many organisations as continuous changes in the supply chain occur. According to the CSIR (2014), investment in inventories across South African supply chains is significant and it is difficult for South African companies to compete with mature economies on a cost level due to the relative high costs of logistics transportation in the country. Inventory control is often seen as one of the lowest areas of competitive advantage, however it can be the largest single investment in assets for most organisations. From a theoretical point of view, the Theory of Constraints (TOC) seems to offer a solution to inventory management challenges. The TOC is a scientific methodology that is designed to assist organisations in identifying and solving critical process based problems following a continuous improvement approach. The TOC also unifies and simplifies the inventory quantity of an organisation into a single value called the buffer quantity. One of the clearly stated advantages of the application of TOC according to literature, is a reduction of inventory levels. This study attempts to support existing literature on the impact of the TOC on buffer levels by means of a case study of an organisation that has undergone a TOC application in South Africa. The primary objective of the study was to provide a case study implementation of the TOC to corroborate the theory that a successful implementation of the TOC can reduce inventory levels in a South African organisation without adverse effects on customer service levels. A case study of an envelope manufacturer which had implemented TOC principles was conducted through a literature review followed by empirical research to determine the impact of the TOC implementation on the organisation’s buffer inventory levels. The selected organisation provided an opportunity to investigate the scenarios before, during and after a TOC implementation. In-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with... , M.Com. (Business Management)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Moyo, Bawinile
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Consumer satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/83079 , uj:19048
- Description: Abstract: Good inventory management can lead to high organisational performance by minimising inventory holding costs and improving customer service across the supply chain. The management of inventory remains a major challenge for many organisations as continuous changes in the supply chain occur. According to the CSIR (2014), investment in inventories across South African supply chains is significant and it is difficult for South African companies to compete with mature economies on a cost level due to the relative high costs of logistics transportation in the country. Inventory control is often seen as one of the lowest areas of competitive advantage, however it can be the largest single investment in assets for most organisations. From a theoretical point of view, the Theory of Constraints (TOC) seems to offer a solution to inventory management challenges. The TOC is a scientific methodology that is designed to assist organisations in identifying and solving critical process based problems following a continuous improvement approach. The TOC also unifies and simplifies the inventory quantity of an organisation into a single value called the buffer quantity. One of the clearly stated advantages of the application of TOC according to literature, is a reduction of inventory levels. This study attempts to support existing literature on the impact of the TOC on buffer levels by means of a case study of an organisation that has undergone a TOC application in South Africa. The primary objective of the study was to provide a case study implementation of the TOC to corroborate the theory that a successful implementation of the TOC can reduce inventory levels in a South African organisation without adverse effects on customer service levels. A case study of an envelope manufacturer which had implemented TOC principles was conducted through a literature review followed by empirical research to determine the impact of the TOC implementation on the organisation’s buffer inventory levels. The selected organisation provided an opportunity to investigate the scenarios before, during and after a TOC implementation. In-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with... , M.Com. (Business Management)
- Full Text:
The application inventory control systems in warehouse
- Ndlala, Phindile, Mbohwa, Charles, Sobiyi, Kehinde
- Authors: Ndlala, Phindile , Mbohwa, Charles , Sobiyi, Kehinde
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Inventory , Inventory control , Warehouse
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/259279 , uj:27278 , Citation: Ndlala, P., Mbohwa, C. & Sobiyi, K. 2017. The application inventory control systems in warehouse.
- Description: Abstract: Today, companies are making efforts on inventory control enhancement in order to deliver products and services to their customers rapidly at low cost. There is no doubt that inventory control enhances the firm’s operations. Better inventory control means effective operations of a firm resulting in cost reduction and ultimately increasing on profit. The purpose of this paper is to showcase the significance of proper inventory control systems application in warehouses. The inventory control techniques applicable in the warehouse such as batch quantities, ordering methods and inventory classification and as well as the factors contributing to poor inventory control were highlighted in this paper.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ndlala, Phindile , Mbohwa, Charles , Sobiyi, Kehinde
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Inventory , Inventory control , Warehouse
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/259279 , uj:27278 , Citation: Ndlala, P., Mbohwa, C. & Sobiyi, K. 2017. The application inventory control systems in warehouse.
- Description: Abstract: Today, companies are making efforts on inventory control enhancement in order to deliver products and services to their customers rapidly at low cost. There is no doubt that inventory control enhances the firm’s operations. Better inventory control means effective operations of a firm resulting in cost reduction and ultimately increasing on profit. The purpose of this paper is to showcase the significance of proper inventory control systems application in warehouses. The inventory control techniques applicable in the warehouse such as batch quantities, ordering methods and inventory classification and as well as the factors contributing to poor inventory control were highlighted in this paper.
- Full Text:
The impact of warehousing and transportation optimization on supply chain effectiveness
- Authors: Burger, Francois
- Date: 2008-10-17T13:17:25Z
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Reengineering (Management) , Transportation management , Warehouse management
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12686 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1252
- Description: M.Comm. , The concepts of logistics and supply chain management are relatively new in South Africa. The concept of logistics management was more commonly known in the 1960s and 1970s as physical distribution. In the late 1970s, the concept evolved to logistics management and in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it evolved into supply chain management. It was only after the end of apartheid in 1994 when South Africa was able to compete globally that there was great interest in supply chain management in South Africa. There is virtually no business or industry untouched by the business of logistics and supply chain management. Getting the right product to the right customer at the right time as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible is the main objective of logistics and supply chain management (Gordon, 2000a: 14). Logistics is “the process of strategically managing the acquisition, movement and storage of materials, parts and finished inventory (and the related information flows) through the organization and its marketing channel in such a way that current and future profitability is maximised through the cost-effective fulfillment of orders” (Anon1. ,2002). The term supply chain is described by Lummus and Vokurka (1999) as “all of those activities associated with moving goods from raw materials stage through to the consumer. This includes procurement, production scheduling, order processing, inventory control, transportation, warehousing, and customer service. The information systems necessary to monitor all of these activities are also included. All these activities are then integrated and coordinated into a seamless process to involve all the partners in the supply chain”. With every step in the supply chain management process, there are costs involved and two of the major cost drivers in the supply chain according to Palmieri and Africk (1999) are inventory holding and transportation. Stout is of the opinion that this is more than a valid statement from a South African business perspective and emphasizes that unnecessary inventory costs money as does inventory that is distributed inefficiently (Gordon, 2000b: 21). Excessive inventory holding together with under-utilization of transport can lead to a major negative financial impact on total supply chain costs (Cooke, 2000: 12; Lambert, Stock & Ellram, 1998: 165; Hankanson, 1999). Therefore, the reciprocal relationship between inventory holding and transportation cost is very important. Christopher (1992: 25) also stipulates that the ultimate purpose of any supply chain is to satisfy customers. The importance of customer service in total supply chain functioning must therefore always be considered in a logistics supply chain system design. In South Africa, transport and inventory are two of the main cost drivers in the supply chain. Factors that make inventory and transport two of the main cost drivers in the supply chain are, among others: high fuel prices, high interest rates, poor road conditions, security concerns and the weak performance of the rand against major foreign currencies. It can therefore be said that inventory and transport are just as important in obtaining an optimized supply chain in South Africa as in the rest of the world. , Mr. P. Kilbourn Prof. J. Walters
- Full Text:
- Authors: Burger, Francois
- Date: 2008-10-17T13:17:25Z
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Reengineering (Management) , Transportation management , Warehouse management
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12686 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1252
- Description: M.Comm. , The concepts of logistics and supply chain management are relatively new in South Africa. The concept of logistics management was more commonly known in the 1960s and 1970s as physical distribution. In the late 1970s, the concept evolved to logistics management and in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it evolved into supply chain management. It was only after the end of apartheid in 1994 when South Africa was able to compete globally that there was great interest in supply chain management in South Africa. There is virtually no business or industry untouched by the business of logistics and supply chain management. Getting the right product to the right customer at the right time as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible is the main objective of logistics and supply chain management (Gordon, 2000a: 14). Logistics is “the process of strategically managing the acquisition, movement and storage of materials, parts and finished inventory (and the related information flows) through the organization and its marketing channel in such a way that current and future profitability is maximised through the cost-effective fulfillment of orders” (Anon1. ,2002). The term supply chain is described by Lummus and Vokurka (1999) as “all of those activities associated with moving goods from raw materials stage through to the consumer. This includes procurement, production scheduling, order processing, inventory control, transportation, warehousing, and customer service. The information systems necessary to monitor all of these activities are also included. All these activities are then integrated and coordinated into a seamless process to involve all the partners in the supply chain”. With every step in the supply chain management process, there are costs involved and two of the major cost drivers in the supply chain according to Palmieri and Africk (1999) are inventory holding and transportation. Stout is of the opinion that this is more than a valid statement from a South African business perspective and emphasizes that unnecessary inventory costs money as does inventory that is distributed inefficiently (Gordon, 2000b: 21). Excessive inventory holding together with under-utilization of transport can lead to a major negative financial impact on total supply chain costs (Cooke, 2000: 12; Lambert, Stock & Ellram, 1998: 165; Hankanson, 1999). Therefore, the reciprocal relationship between inventory holding and transportation cost is very important. Christopher (1992: 25) also stipulates that the ultimate purpose of any supply chain is to satisfy customers. The importance of customer service in total supply chain functioning must therefore always be considered in a logistics supply chain system design. In South Africa, transport and inventory are two of the main cost drivers in the supply chain. Factors that make inventory and transport two of the main cost drivers in the supply chain are, among others: high fuel prices, high interest rates, poor road conditions, security concerns and the weak performance of the rand against major foreign currencies. It can therefore be said that inventory and transport are just as important in obtaining an optimized supply chain in South Africa as in the rest of the world. , Mr. P. Kilbourn Prof. J. Walters
- Full Text:
Design of a 10-digit inventory codification system for a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe
- Nyemba, Wilson R., Mbohwa, Charles
- Authors: Nyemba, Wilson R. , Mbohwa, Charles
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Inventory control , Manufacturing , Maintenance
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/224997 , uj:22714 , Citation: Nyemba, W.R. & Mbohwa, C. 2017. Design of a 10-digit inventory codification system for a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe. 14th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, GCSM 3-5 October 2016, Stellenbosch, South Africa. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2017.02.064. , ISSN: 2351-9789
- Description: Abstract: Lack of proper inventory control usually leads to high stock-outs resulting in ‘firefighting’. This paper looks at the engineering and technical services required to maintain smooth production with the aim of developing an inventory control system for the efficient utilization of resources. A work study was carried out at a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe followed by an analysis outlining the operations, limitations and process flows. An inventory audit provided some insights on the company’s inventory control status. A 10-digit inventory codification system was designed based on 7 rules for generic application and capability for ‘make or buy’ decisions on spare parts. A cost benefit analysis revealed that although the project would initially be costly, a reduction in inventory can be realized through removal of slow moving and obsolete stock, realizing some annual savings in the long run, coupled with an improvement in record keeping and accountability.Lack of proper inventory control usually leads to high stock-outs resulting in ‘firefighting’. This paper looks at the engineering and technical services required to maintain smooth production with the aim of developing an inventory control system for the efficient utilization of resources. A work study was carried out at a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe followed by an analysis outlining the operations, limitations and process flows. An inventory audit provided some insights on the company’s inventory control status. A 10-digit inventory codification system was designed based on 7 rules for generic application and capability for ‘make or buy’ decisions on spare parts. A cost benefit analysis revealed that although the project would initially be costly, a reduction in inventory can be realized through removal of slow moving and obsolete stock, realizing some annual savings in the long run, coupled with an improvement in record keeping and accountability.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nyemba, Wilson R. , Mbohwa, Charles
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Inventory control , Manufacturing , Maintenance
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/224997 , uj:22714 , Citation: Nyemba, W.R. & Mbohwa, C. 2017. Design of a 10-digit inventory codification system for a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe. 14th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, GCSM 3-5 October 2016, Stellenbosch, South Africa. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2017.02.064. , ISSN: 2351-9789
- Description: Abstract: Lack of proper inventory control usually leads to high stock-outs resulting in ‘firefighting’. This paper looks at the engineering and technical services required to maintain smooth production with the aim of developing an inventory control system for the efficient utilization of resources. A work study was carried out at a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe followed by an analysis outlining the operations, limitations and process flows. An inventory audit provided some insights on the company’s inventory control status. A 10-digit inventory codification system was designed based on 7 rules for generic application and capability for ‘make or buy’ decisions on spare parts. A cost benefit analysis revealed that although the project would initially be costly, a reduction in inventory can be realized through removal of slow moving and obsolete stock, realizing some annual savings in the long run, coupled with an improvement in record keeping and accountability.Lack of proper inventory control usually leads to high stock-outs resulting in ‘firefighting’. This paper looks at the engineering and technical services required to maintain smooth production with the aim of developing an inventory control system for the efficient utilization of resources. A work study was carried out at a tube and pipe manufacturing company in Zimbabwe followed by an analysis outlining the operations, limitations and process flows. An inventory audit provided some insights on the company’s inventory control status. A 10-digit inventory codification system was designed based on 7 rules for generic application and capability for ‘make or buy’ decisions on spare parts. A cost benefit analysis revealed that although the project would initially be costly, a reduction in inventory can be realized through removal of slow moving and obsolete stock, realizing some annual savings in the long run, coupled with an improvement in record keeping and accountability.
- Full Text:
Visible optimisation of inventory management system
- Authors: Kganyago, Nebo John
- Date: 2014-06-04
- Subjects: Inventory control , Business logistics
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11390 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11028
- Description: M.Tech. (Industrial Engineering) , This research investigates the influence of supply chain visibility on the performance of inventory management. A mixed method approach was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data that was statistically analysed; interviews were carried out to supplement in-depth understanding of inventory management practices. The research study used the four constructs of supply chain visibility as proposed in the literature which are visibility for sensing, visibility for learning, visibility for coordinating and visibility for integrating. Data obtained was analysed mainly through correlation and mean score analysis. The results from the study demonstrated that 42% of the variance in the performance of inventory management was explained by the two constructs of supply chain visibility that’s coordinating and integrating at a statistical confidence of 95%. The study could not establish the influence of sensing and learning on the performance of inventory management. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge of supply chain visibility variables that can be associated with the performance of inventory management. The survey was done on a small population in one manufacturing company impacting negatively on the generalisation of the results.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kganyago, Nebo John
- Date: 2014-06-04
- Subjects: Inventory control , Business logistics
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11390 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11028
- Description: M.Tech. (Industrial Engineering) , This research investigates the influence of supply chain visibility on the performance of inventory management. A mixed method approach was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data that was statistically analysed; interviews were carried out to supplement in-depth understanding of inventory management practices. The research study used the four constructs of supply chain visibility as proposed in the literature which are visibility for sensing, visibility for learning, visibility for coordinating and visibility for integrating. Data obtained was analysed mainly through correlation and mean score analysis. The results from the study demonstrated that 42% of the variance in the performance of inventory management was explained by the two constructs of supply chain visibility that’s coordinating and integrating at a statistical confidence of 95%. The study could not establish the influence of sensing and learning on the performance of inventory management. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge of supply chain visibility variables that can be associated with the performance of inventory management. The survey was done on a small population in one manufacturing company impacting negatively on the generalisation of the results.
- Full Text:
An investigation into some current supply chain practices at a private healthcare provider in Gauteng
- Authors: Bauernschmitt, E.
- Date: 2010-02-24T10:02:34Z
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Medical care , Medical personnel , Patients
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:6647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3047
- Description: M.Comm. , Much has been done and developed both in theory and practice in terms of advancing the science of logistics since its early days as an area of management focus. Great leaps have been made alone in the past decade regarding the integration of logistics into the broader management philosophies and to subsequently define the now widely referred to concept of integrated supply chain management. Although many industries have embraced this concept and spearheaded initiatives in this field, many traditionally established companies and industry sectors have yet to embed and operationalise its concepts more fully and to reap the potential rewards. The healthcare industry has been under pressure – amidst increasing competition, supplier costs and patient’s increasing awareness to seek improved value for treatment offered – to explore whether opportunities exist to make further savings in terms of its operating cost and total cost profile by taking a different approach to managing the healthcare and service provision supply chain – namely in a more integrated and holistic manner. In the healthcare context, the supply chain includes, amongst others, the capability and ability to plan, forecast, source, supply, process, distribute and ultimately deliver and execute all necessary services, goods and information. In order to investigate current supply chain practices at a selected private healthcare provider in Gauteng, an integrated generic supply chain model was defined – for which industry-acknowledged current supply chain practices from the wider domain of supply chain management were identified per component. As primary objective this descriptive research established to what extent a private healthcare provider in Gauteng, as a role player in the wider South African private healthcare industry, has knowledge and understanding of some current supply chain practices, as well as to what extent this private healthcare provider has adopted and applied recognised practices and concepts of integrated supply chain management. This was done using the defined generic supply chain model for a private healthcare provider as the roadmap along which knowledge and application of supply chain practices could be tested for the selected organisation. For this research an interview-based experience survey was used that deployed specific questions in a non-probabilistic sampling manner to respondents across the functional management chain, to measure both the level of assumed or explicitly attributed knowledge of supply chain practices in relation to the companies’ ability for the application, implementation and utilisation of these industry best-practices as pertaining to supply chain management, as seen in the context of the selected private healthcare’s competitive operations in the Southern African healthcare industry. The output of the analysis to determine the primary research objective was subsequently plotted on a supply chain evolution matrix postulated as part of this study.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bauernschmitt, E.
- Date: 2010-02-24T10:02:34Z
- Subjects: Business logistics , Inventory control , Medical care , Medical personnel , Patients
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:6647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3047
- Description: M.Comm. , Much has been done and developed both in theory and practice in terms of advancing the science of logistics since its early days as an area of management focus. Great leaps have been made alone in the past decade regarding the integration of logistics into the broader management philosophies and to subsequently define the now widely referred to concept of integrated supply chain management. Although many industries have embraced this concept and spearheaded initiatives in this field, many traditionally established companies and industry sectors have yet to embed and operationalise its concepts more fully and to reap the potential rewards. The healthcare industry has been under pressure – amidst increasing competition, supplier costs and patient’s increasing awareness to seek improved value for treatment offered – to explore whether opportunities exist to make further savings in terms of its operating cost and total cost profile by taking a different approach to managing the healthcare and service provision supply chain – namely in a more integrated and holistic manner. In the healthcare context, the supply chain includes, amongst others, the capability and ability to plan, forecast, source, supply, process, distribute and ultimately deliver and execute all necessary services, goods and information. In order to investigate current supply chain practices at a selected private healthcare provider in Gauteng, an integrated generic supply chain model was defined – for which industry-acknowledged current supply chain practices from the wider domain of supply chain management were identified per component. As primary objective this descriptive research established to what extent a private healthcare provider in Gauteng, as a role player in the wider South African private healthcare industry, has knowledge and understanding of some current supply chain practices, as well as to what extent this private healthcare provider has adopted and applied recognised practices and concepts of integrated supply chain management. This was done using the defined generic supply chain model for a private healthcare provider as the roadmap along which knowledge and application of supply chain practices could be tested for the selected organisation. For this research an interview-based experience survey was used that deployed specific questions in a non-probabilistic sampling manner to respondents across the functional management chain, to measure both the level of assumed or explicitly attributed knowledge of supply chain practices in relation to the companies’ ability for the application, implementation and utilisation of these industry best-practices as pertaining to supply chain management, as seen in the context of the selected private healthcare’s competitive operations in the Southern African healthcare industry. The output of the analysis to determine the primary research objective was subsequently plotted on a supply chain evolution matrix postulated as part of this study.
- Full Text:
Optimising maintenance inventories of a cement manufacturer
- Authors: Eloff, Morné
- Date: 2013-07-11
- Subjects: Manufacturing industries , Cement industries , Inventory control , AfriSam , Marketing channels , Business logistics , Logistics
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8478
- Description: M.Com. (Business Management) , A key performance indicator of a cement manufacturer is that of its operating equipment efficiencies or OEE. The world-best standard for OEE of cement manufacturers is 85%, and this figure can only be achieved through very good maintenance practices and programmes combined with exceptional maintenance inventory levels and good maintenance inventory strategies. Maintenance inventory can be described as spares that support the manufacturing process, but that is not included in the final product. Like all types of inventory, maintenance inventory has a cost associated with carrying the inventory that can be calculated through applying the various carrying cost components associated with inventory. In a cement manufacturer this carrying cost figure can be excessively high as a result of the slow movement of major spare components that have to be held in inventory due to its critical importance to the manufacturing process. It is also evident that inventory levels in AfriSam are high. This may be due to the fact that management believe the best possible method to minimise the risk of production loss during a breakdown, is to increase maintenance inventory levels with no comparison to the costs associated with carrying the inventory. The chosen research problem is: “AfriSam (Pty) Ltd carries maintenance inventory worth millions of rands with slow movement of high value maintenance inventory sometimes in excess of 3 years. The cost of managing the inventory together with the carrying cost of the inventory has become a key focus point in the business and there is a need to find methods to optimise the inventory.”
- Full Text:
- Authors: Eloff, Morné
- Date: 2013-07-11
- Subjects: Manufacturing industries , Cement industries , Inventory control , AfriSam , Marketing channels , Business logistics , Logistics
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8478
- Description: M.Com. (Business Management) , A key performance indicator of a cement manufacturer is that of its operating equipment efficiencies or OEE. The world-best standard for OEE of cement manufacturers is 85%, and this figure can only be achieved through very good maintenance practices and programmes combined with exceptional maintenance inventory levels and good maintenance inventory strategies. Maintenance inventory can be described as spares that support the manufacturing process, but that is not included in the final product. Like all types of inventory, maintenance inventory has a cost associated with carrying the inventory that can be calculated through applying the various carrying cost components associated with inventory. In a cement manufacturer this carrying cost figure can be excessively high as a result of the slow movement of major spare components that have to be held in inventory due to its critical importance to the manufacturing process. It is also evident that inventory levels in AfriSam are high. This may be due to the fact that management believe the best possible method to minimise the risk of production loss during a breakdown, is to increase maintenance inventory levels with no comparison to the costs associated with carrying the inventory. The chosen research problem is: “AfriSam (Pty) Ltd carries maintenance inventory worth millions of rands with slow movement of high value maintenance inventory sometimes in excess of 3 years. The cost of managing the inventory together with the carrying cost of the inventory has become a key focus point in the business and there is a need to find methods to optimise the inventory.”
- Full Text:
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »