Die finansiële impak van megasportgebeurtenisse : ’n vergelyking tussen gasheerlande
- Authors: Du Preez, Carina
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Economic development - Economic aspects , Hosting of sporting events - Economic aspects , Mixed economy
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/225535 , uj:22780
- Description: Abstract: Developing countries have recently started to apply for mega sporting events. The developing countries are trying to advance their economy by hosting a mega sporting event. Developing countries that have hosted a mega sporting event are China, which hosted the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, South Africa that hosted the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup and Brazil that hosted the 2014 FIFA Soccer World Cup. It is necessary for developing countries to take the cost of a mega sporting event into consideration. Developing countries do not have the necessary infrastructure to host a mega sporting event and most of the facilities need to be upgraded or new infrastructure has to be built for the event. The benefit to host a mega sporting event can be determined by investigating the financial impact a mega sporting event has on a host country. This can be determined by a quantitative research methodology by making use of a panel regression methodology. This technique takes the time series and cross section data that have been combined into consideration. For the current study the FIFA world cup will be used as the mega sporting event to be analysed.The data that was used in the study is for the period 1994 to 2014 of developing and developed countries that hosted the FIFA world cup. The data will be tested in several panel regression models, namely the grouped regression model, fixed effects model and the random effects model. In the study, the random effects model was the best model with which to test the data. The dependent variable in this model is foreign direct investment (BDI). The independent variables were current account (CA), inflow of tourism (ARR), market size (MG), inflation (INF), fixed capital form (FIX) and gross domestic product (BBP).The findings were that the World Cup had a negative impact on the inflow of FDI to the host country. The study is in agreement with the Baloshenko (2012) study, which found that FDI is positifly influenced by offering mega-events and it is only temporary. , M.Com.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Du Preez, Carina
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Economic development - Economic aspects , Hosting of sporting events - Economic aspects , Mixed economy
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/225535 , uj:22780
- Description: Abstract: Developing countries have recently started to apply for mega sporting events. The developing countries are trying to advance their economy by hosting a mega sporting event. Developing countries that have hosted a mega sporting event are China, which hosted the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, South Africa that hosted the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup and Brazil that hosted the 2014 FIFA Soccer World Cup. It is necessary for developing countries to take the cost of a mega sporting event into consideration. Developing countries do not have the necessary infrastructure to host a mega sporting event and most of the facilities need to be upgraded or new infrastructure has to be built for the event. The benefit to host a mega sporting event can be determined by investigating the financial impact a mega sporting event has on a host country. This can be determined by a quantitative research methodology by making use of a panel regression methodology. This technique takes the time series and cross section data that have been combined into consideration. For the current study the FIFA world cup will be used as the mega sporting event to be analysed.The data that was used in the study is for the period 1994 to 2014 of developing and developed countries that hosted the FIFA world cup. The data will be tested in several panel regression models, namely the grouped regression model, fixed effects model and the random effects model. In the study, the random effects model was the best model with which to test the data. The dependent variable in this model is foreign direct investment (BDI). The independent variables were current account (CA), inflow of tourism (ARR), market size (MG), inflation (INF), fixed capital form (FIX) and gross domestic product (BBP).The findings were that the World Cup had a negative impact on the inflow of FDI to the host country. The study is in agreement with the Baloshenko (2012) study, which found that FDI is positifly influenced by offering mega-events and it is only temporary. , M.Com.
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Leveraging home-grown sport tourism events for strategic destination branding outcomes
- Authors: Hemmonsbey, Janice
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Place marketing , Sports and tourism , Sports tourism , Hosting of sporting events - Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403137 , uj:33767
- Description: Abstract : Extant research has established that destination branding through sport events is deemed to be a valuable resource for brand development and positioning, as well as for accessing social, economic and environmental benefits for both developed and developing nations. However, the destination branding discourse remains widely contested among academics and practitioners, as there is, as yet, no commonly accepted framework for the destination branding theory. Moreover, the theory underpinning sport event leveraging towards informed branding practices, especially in the developing destination context, is lacking. The current study conceptualises the leveraging of home-grown sport events for destination brands; extending the scope of other known sport event leveraging studies in the developing context. The research critically examines key stakeholders involved in sport and destination branding by detailing their perceptions in relation to the leveraging of home-grown sport using the South African brand as a case study. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were employed to collect the data. In total, 403 sport event attendee questionnaires were completed across two home-grown sport events, the Comrades Marathon in Durban and the IRONMAN triathlon in Port Elizabeth, using simple random sampling. Purposive sampling was implemented in targeting 24 key industry stakeholders from the relevant public and private organisations in sport, tourism and destination branding. The study reveals the significant effect of home-grown sport on destination branding through competitive brand positioning. A number of similarities and differences were observed between the sport event attendees and the stakeholder groups, in terms of the brand messages that were shown during the hosting of such sport events. Whereas the sport event attendees had indicated their intention to stay beyond the event, they were sceptical about the safety and security of the overall destination. Although the stakeholders agreed on the issue of safety and security, they observed the perception to be unjust to the brand, due to the skewed international media portrayal of social issues in especially the developing countries. Crime and other social issues, like education and health and safety, were, therefore, seen to be key challenges facing the South African destination’s perceived image. The study revealed outstanding opportunities for retaining sustainable tourism, and for attracting new tourism markets through the implementation of effective leveraging practices that are mainly linked to stakeholder commitment to investing in effective public and private partnerships. The key findings of the study conceptualise the role of leveraging strategies and the activities of stakeholders during the hosting of these specific types of sport events, so as to achieve augmented destination branding benefits. Although the above applies to both the developed and the developing contexts, distinguishing socioeconomic factors affecting developing nations have led to the adoption of a sport event leveraging framework in relation to home-grown sport. The study makes a theoretical contribution by developing a conceptual framework that articulates and underlines homegrown events for developing nation brands, by considering a developing country’s perspective by topics investigated largely in the developed Global North context. Further research questions were identified to inform future destination branding studies aimed at deriving additional definitive comparisons across stakeholder perspectives on strategic destination branding, as informed by sport event leveraging. , D.Phil. (Tourism and Hospitality)
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- Authors: Hemmonsbey, Janice
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Place marketing , Sports and tourism , Sports tourism , Hosting of sporting events - Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403137 , uj:33767
- Description: Abstract : Extant research has established that destination branding through sport events is deemed to be a valuable resource for brand development and positioning, as well as for accessing social, economic and environmental benefits for both developed and developing nations. However, the destination branding discourse remains widely contested among academics and practitioners, as there is, as yet, no commonly accepted framework for the destination branding theory. Moreover, the theory underpinning sport event leveraging towards informed branding practices, especially in the developing destination context, is lacking. The current study conceptualises the leveraging of home-grown sport events for destination brands; extending the scope of other known sport event leveraging studies in the developing context. The research critically examines key stakeholders involved in sport and destination branding by detailing their perceptions in relation to the leveraging of home-grown sport using the South African brand as a case study. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were employed to collect the data. In total, 403 sport event attendee questionnaires were completed across two home-grown sport events, the Comrades Marathon in Durban and the IRONMAN triathlon in Port Elizabeth, using simple random sampling. Purposive sampling was implemented in targeting 24 key industry stakeholders from the relevant public and private organisations in sport, tourism and destination branding. The study reveals the significant effect of home-grown sport on destination branding through competitive brand positioning. A number of similarities and differences were observed between the sport event attendees and the stakeholder groups, in terms of the brand messages that were shown during the hosting of such sport events. Whereas the sport event attendees had indicated their intention to stay beyond the event, they were sceptical about the safety and security of the overall destination. Although the stakeholders agreed on the issue of safety and security, they observed the perception to be unjust to the brand, due to the skewed international media portrayal of social issues in especially the developing countries. Crime and other social issues, like education and health and safety, were, therefore, seen to be key challenges facing the South African destination’s perceived image. The study revealed outstanding opportunities for retaining sustainable tourism, and for attracting new tourism markets through the implementation of effective leveraging practices that are mainly linked to stakeholder commitment to investing in effective public and private partnerships. The key findings of the study conceptualise the role of leveraging strategies and the activities of stakeholders during the hosting of these specific types of sport events, so as to achieve augmented destination branding benefits. Although the above applies to both the developed and the developing contexts, distinguishing socioeconomic factors affecting developing nations have led to the adoption of a sport event leveraging framework in relation to home-grown sport. The study makes a theoretical contribution by developing a conceptual framework that articulates and underlines homegrown events for developing nation brands, by considering a developing country’s perspective by topics investigated largely in the developed Global North context. Further research questions were identified to inform future destination branding studies aimed at deriving additional definitive comparisons across stakeholder perspectives on strategic destination branding, as informed by sport event leveraging. , D.Phil. (Tourism and Hospitality)
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