Vapour-absent melting in metapelite during the 2700 Ma Limpopo metamorphic event in South Africa : further evidence of the granite-granulite link
- Authors: Stevens, Gary
- Date: 2014-09-03
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bandelierkop
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12217 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11985
- Description: M.Sc. (Geology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
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- Authors: Stevens, Gary
- Date: 2014-09-03
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bandelierkop
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12217 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11985
- Description: M.Sc. (Geology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
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The geometallurgical characterization of the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine, South Africa
- Smith, Albertus Johannes Basson
- Authors: Smith, Albertus Johannes Basson
- Date: 2014-10-08
- Subjects: Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum ores - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Merensky Reef (South Africa) , Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12358
- Description: Ph.D. (Geology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
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- Authors: Smith, Albertus Johannes Basson
- Date: 2014-10-08
- Subjects: Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum ores - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Merensky Reef (South Africa) , Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine (South Africa)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12358
- Description: Ph.D. (Geology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Compositional variation of the Pt-Pd bismuthotellurides in the Platreef, Akanani Prospect, Lonmin PLC
- Ramakoloi, Ntshebo Christinah
- Authors: Ramakoloi, Ntshebo Christinah
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Bismuthotellurides , Platinum group - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Mineralogical chemistry|- South Africa - Bushveld Complex
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82602 , uj:18978
- Description: M.Sc. (Geology) , Abstract: Platinum-group minerals occurring in the P2 horizon at Lonmin’s Akanani Prospect on the Platreef of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa comprise (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides, platinum-group element arsenides, ferroplatinum, Pt-Pd alloys and platinum-group element sulphides. The (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides michenerite, moncheite, kotulskite and maslovite are the most abundant. An investigation into the mineral chemistry of the (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides was conducted using a mineral liberation analyser and an electron microprobe. The (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides typically occur in contact with primary silicates (such as feldspar, pyroxene and olivine), secondary silicates (such as serpentine, chlorite and grossular), oxides (magnetite), and base metal sulphides (pyrrhotite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite). Most of the Pt-bismuthotellurides analysed belong to the maslovite (PtBiTe)-moncheite (PtTe2) series, in the form of a solid solution. Some of the Pd-bismuthotellurides correspond to the michenerite (PdBiTe) series while most compositions plot along the kotulskite (PdTe)-sobolevskite (PdBi) solid solution series. The mineral chemistry comparisons of the (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides from Akanani (with other localities) demonstrate that other Bushveld Complex localities have similar trends to that of the Akanani Prospect, while other localities world-wide are characterised by a dominance of Pd-bismuthotellurides. This is likely a complex function of bulk composition, along with variations in e.g. temperature during crystallisation, and hydrothermal alteration.
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- Authors: Ramakoloi, Ntshebo Christinah
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Bismuthotellurides , Platinum group - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Mineralogical chemistry|- South Africa - Bushveld Complex
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/82602 , uj:18978
- Description: M.Sc. (Geology) , Abstract: Platinum-group minerals occurring in the P2 horizon at Lonmin’s Akanani Prospect on the Platreef of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa comprise (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides, platinum-group element arsenides, ferroplatinum, Pt-Pd alloys and platinum-group element sulphides. The (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides michenerite, moncheite, kotulskite and maslovite are the most abundant. An investigation into the mineral chemistry of the (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides was conducted using a mineral liberation analyser and an electron microprobe. The (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides typically occur in contact with primary silicates (such as feldspar, pyroxene and olivine), secondary silicates (such as serpentine, chlorite and grossular), oxides (magnetite), and base metal sulphides (pyrrhotite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite). Most of the Pt-bismuthotellurides analysed belong to the maslovite (PtBiTe)-moncheite (PtTe2) series, in the form of a solid solution. Some of the Pd-bismuthotellurides correspond to the michenerite (PdBiTe) series while most compositions plot along the kotulskite (PdTe)-sobolevskite (PdBi) solid solution series. The mineral chemistry comparisons of the (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides from Akanani (with other localities) demonstrate that other Bushveld Complex localities have similar trends to that of the Akanani Prospect, while other localities world-wide are characterised by a dominance of Pd-bismuthotellurides. This is likely a complex function of bulk composition, along with variations in e.g. temperature during crystallisation, and hydrothermal alteration.
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A geometallurgical assessment of the P2 and P1 units of the Platreef at Lonmin’s Akanani Project, Northern Limb, Bushveld Complex
- Authors: Motloba, Gloria Boikanyo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Metallurgy - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Lonmin Akanani Project
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124943 , uj:20977
- Description: Abstract: The Akanani Project is situated in the Central Sector of the Platreef on the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex. The platinum group elements (PGE) mineralisation is primarily restricted to the P1 and P2 geological units of the Platreef at Akanani. Mineralisation in the P1 Unit is erratic and occurs over a wide vertical interval. In contrast, the overlying P2 unit is more uniformly mineralised, with generally higher grades than P1. Previously published studies of the Platreef focused mainly on an understanding of its geology and mineralogy, with published insights into its processing behaviour being comparatively rare. The present study therefore aims to investigate the geometallurgical nature of the P1 and P2 units of the Platreef at Akanani, with a focus on the influence of various ore properties (mineralogy, sulphide grain size, sulphide liberation) on the recovery of the PGE, as well as nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and sulphur (S). Various ore types were sampled. These include feldspathic pyroxenite and serpentinised pyroxenite occurring in P1 and P2 units. Orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase are the dominant primary silicate minerals, with serpentine the dominant secondary silicate. Base metal sulphides comprise dominant pyrrhotite, along with pentlandite and chalcopyrite. The size distributions of the sulphides are variable, with the finest encountered in the serpentinised pyroxenite, and the coarsest sulphides occurring in the feldspathic pyroxenite. Milling times required in order to reduce these ore types to 60% passing 75 μm, are variable, with the P2 feldspathic pyroxenite milling the fastest, and the P2 serpentinised pyroxenite the slowest. Levels of liberation upon milling are comparatively poor for the serpentinised pyroxenite, and significantly better in the case of the feldspathic pyroxenite. This is mirrored by the recovery of the PGE from the various ore types, with lower recoveries associated with the serpentinised ore types and better recoveries associated with the feldspathic pyroxenite. , M.Sc. (Geology)
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- Authors: Motloba, Gloria Boikanyo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Metallurgy - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Lonmin Akanani Project
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124943 , uj:20977
- Description: Abstract: The Akanani Project is situated in the Central Sector of the Platreef on the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex. The platinum group elements (PGE) mineralisation is primarily restricted to the P1 and P2 geological units of the Platreef at Akanani. Mineralisation in the P1 Unit is erratic and occurs over a wide vertical interval. In contrast, the overlying P2 unit is more uniformly mineralised, with generally higher grades than P1. Previously published studies of the Platreef focused mainly on an understanding of its geology and mineralogy, with published insights into its processing behaviour being comparatively rare. The present study therefore aims to investigate the geometallurgical nature of the P1 and P2 units of the Platreef at Akanani, with a focus on the influence of various ore properties (mineralogy, sulphide grain size, sulphide liberation) on the recovery of the PGE, as well as nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and sulphur (S). Various ore types were sampled. These include feldspathic pyroxenite and serpentinised pyroxenite occurring in P1 and P2 units. Orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase are the dominant primary silicate minerals, with serpentine the dominant secondary silicate. Base metal sulphides comprise dominant pyrrhotite, along with pentlandite and chalcopyrite. The size distributions of the sulphides are variable, with the finest encountered in the serpentinised pyroxenite, and the coarsest sulphides occurring in the feldspathic pyroxenite. Milling times required in order to reduce these ore types to 60% passing 75 μm, are variable, with the P2 feldspathic pyroxenite milling the fastest, and the P2 serpentinised pyroxenite the slowest. Levels of liberation upon milling are comparatively poor for the serpentinised pyroxenite, and significantly better in the case of the feldspathic pyroxenite. This is mirrored by the recovery of the PGE from the various ore types, with lower recoveries associated with the serpentinised ore types and better recoveries associated with the feldspathic pyroxenite. , M.Sc. (Geology)
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A geometallurgical study of the mineralized footwall to the Brakspruit Facies of Merensky Reef at the Lonmin Karee Pt Mine, Bushveld Complex, South Africa
- Authors: Moitsi, Matome Ernest
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Metallurgy - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Lonmin Karee Mine (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124979 , uj:20982
- Description: Abstract: The geological and mineralogical characteristics as well as the metallurgical (flotation) response of mineralized footwall to the Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef at the K3 shaft in the vicinity of Karee Mine, at Lonmin PLC, was investigated. The grade in the footwall is above the cut-off grade. The nature of this style of mineralisation is poorly understood, resulting in complete lack of predictive capability when dealing with the processing behaviour of this ore type (i.e. footwall). This project therefore aims to investigate the footwall ore properties (such as mineralogy, mineral liberation upon milling and mineral grain size distribution) that influence the platinum group elements (PGE) as well as nickel, copper and sulphur recoveries and grades. Thereafter it compares such properties to those of the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. This study has been accomplished by petrographic examination of the ore types, quantitative and qualitative mineralogical analysis using the Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA), crushing and milling tests, as well as laboratory scale flotation tests on the ore types. Two boreholes, RS34 Deflection 5 and Deflection 6 comprising mineralized footwall and the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef were selected, primarily to investigate the petrographic nature (texture, mineralogy and geology) of the footwall and Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. This was then followed by underground sampling at the K3 shaft, in the vicinity of the Karee mine, where a total of five channel samples were taken, each comprising 10 cm individual subsamples covering footwall as well as the Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. The underground channel samples were primarily used for milling and flotation tests work. Various geological and metallurgical parameters of footwall such as mineralogy, grain size distribution, liberation upon milling, and flotation response, were determined and compared to geological and metallurgical parameters of the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. Footwall consists predominantly of plagioclase; whereas, Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef comprises predominantly orthopyroxene. In addition to the above, both ore types contain base metal sulphides... , M.Sc. (Geology)
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- Authors: Moitsi, Matome Ernest
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Metallurgy - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Geology - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Platinum mines and mining - South Africa - Bushveld Complex , Lonmin Karee Mine (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124979 , uj:20982
- Description: Abstract: The geological and mineralogical characteristics as well as the metallurgical (flotation) response of mineralized footwall to the Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef at the K3 shaft in the vicinity of Karee Mine, at Lonmin PLC, was investigated. The grade in the footwall is above the cut-off grade. The nature of this style of mineralisation is poorly understood, resulting in complete lack of predictive capability when dealing with the processing behaviour of this ore type (i.e. footwall). This project therefore aims to investigate the footwall ore properties (such as mineralogy, mineral liberation upon milling and mineral grain size distribution) that influence the platinum group elements (PGE) as well as nickel, copper and sulphur recoveries and grades. Thereafter it compares such properties to those of the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. This study has been accomplished by petrographic examination of the ore types, quantitative and qualitative mineralogical analysis using the Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA), crushing and milling tests, as well as laboratory scale flotation tests on the ore types. Two boreholes, RS34 Deflection 5 and Deflection 6 comprising mineralized footwall and the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef were selected, primarily to investigate the petrographic nature (texture, mineralogy and geology) of the footwall and Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. This was then followed by underground sampling at the K3 shaft, in the vicinity of the Karee mine, where a total of five channel samples were taken, each comprising 10 cm individual subsamples covering footwall as well as the Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. The underground channel samples were primarily used for milling and flotation tests work. Various geological and metallurgical parameters of footwall such as mineralogy, grain size distribution, liberation upon milling, and flotation response, were determined and compared to geological and metallurgical parameters of the overlying Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef. Footwall consists predominantly of plagioclase; whereas, Brakspruit facies-type of Merensky Reef comprises predominantly orthopyroxene. In addition to the above, both ore types contain base metal sulphides... , M.Sc. (Geology)
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