Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology
- Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H., Muzenda, E.
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123236 , uj:20767 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the by-products of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123236 , uj:20767 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the by-products of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
- Full Text:
Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology
- Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, T., Muzenda, E.
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, T. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/213732 , uj:21189 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, T & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the byproducts of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, T. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/213732 , uj:21189 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, T & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the byproducts of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
- Full Text:
Thermodynamic optimization tools for power tracking in a multistage concentrated solar power Rankine plant
- Nwosu, P. N., Nurick, A., Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo
- Authors: Nwosu, P. N. , Nurick, A. , Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Thermal efficiency , Thermodynamics analysis , Energy recovery , Solar power plants
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/217182 , uj:21608 , Citation: Nwosu, P.N., Nurick, A. & Akinlabi, E.T. 2016. Thermodynamic optimization tools for power tracking in a multistage concentrated solar power Rankine plant. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000367.
- Description: Abstract: The object of the study is to present a method of thermodynamic optimization of power generating plants, in a mode that consolidates and simplifies the analysis of data on heat-work interaction of the plant components. The optimization scheme identifies the technical and process parameters that can improve the thermodynamic performance of the plant with respect to an objective variable, and further, the required thermodynamic measures necessary to improve the operating condition of the plant. Simple but effective tools are used to evaluate the optimal and suboptimal power generating capacities vis-à-vis the fundamental variables—namely, the thermodynamic quantity ratio (TQR) and the power-energy quantity ratio (PQR)—without routing optimization procedures. Beyond the optimal value of the objective variable, the power generation capacity of the plant is affected. The determination of the optimal value of the objective variable can also be approached by computerization; for fixed prescriptions of the boiler, superheater, and turbine parameters, variables such as boiler pressure and temperature can be optimally selected. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000367. © 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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- Authors: Nwosu, P. N. , Nurick, A. , Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Thermal efficiency , Thermodynamics analysis , Energy recovery , Solar power plants
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/217182 , uj:21608 , Citation: Nwosu, P.N., Nurick, A. & Akinlabi, E.T. 2016. Thermodynamic optimization tools for power tracking in a multistage concentrated solar power Rankine plant. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000367.
- Description: Abstract: The object of the study is to present a method of thermodynamic optimization of power generating plants, in a mode that consolidates and simplifies the analysis of data on heat-work interaction of the plant components. The optimization scheme identifies the technical and process parameters that can improve the thermodynamic performance of the plant with respect to an objective variable, and further, the required thermodynamic measures necessary to improve the operating condition of the plant. Simple but effective tools are used to evaluate the optimal and suboptimal power generating capacities vis-à-vis the fundamental variables—namely, the thermodynamic quantity ratio (TQR) and the power-energy quantity ratio (PQR)—without routing optimization procedures. Beyond the optimal value of the objective variable, the power generation capacity of the plant is affected. The determination of the optimal value of the objective variable can also be approached by computerization; for fixed prescriptions of the boiler, superheater, and turbine parameters, variables such as boiler pressure and temperature can be optimally selected. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000367. © 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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What ecotechnologies exist for recycling carbon and nutrients from domestic wastewater? A systematic map protocol
- Haddaway, Neal R., Johannesdottir, Solveig L., Piniewski, Mikołaj, Macura, Biljana
- Authors: Haddaway, Neal R. , Johannesdottir, Solveig L. , Piniewski, Mikołaj , Macura, Biljana
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Circular economy , Energy recovery , Nitrogen
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/289962 , uj:31470 , Citation: Haddaway, N.R. et al. 2018. What ecotechnologies exist for recycling carbon and nutrients from domestic wastewater? A systematic map protocol. Haddaway et al. Environ Evid (2019) 8:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-018-0145-z
- Description: Abstract: Background: Pollution of the Baltic Sea continues to be a problem. Major terrestrial sources of nutrient emissions to the Baltic Sea are agriculture and wastewater, both major causes of eutrophication. Wastewater contains nutrients and organic matter that could constitute valuable products such as agricultural fertilizers and source of energy. With the EU’s action plan for circular economy, waste management and resource utilization is central. Thus the integration of resource recovery to wastewater management could create benefits beyond the wastewater sector. There is a growing interest in resource recovery from wastewater. However, there is no systematic overview of the literature on technologies to recover nutrients and carbon from wastewater sources done to date. Methods: This systematic map will identify a representative list of studies on ecotechnologies for reusing carbon and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from domestic wastewater, which includes e.g. sewage sludge and wastewater fractions. Searches will be performed in five bibliographic databases, one search engine and 38 specialist websites. Searches will mainly be performed in English, search for literature in specialist websites will also include Finnish, Polish and Swedish. Coding and meta-data extraction will include information on ecotechnology name and short description, reuse outcome (i.e. reuse of carbon, nitrogen and/or phosphorus), type of reuse (i.e. whether it is explicit or implicit), study country and location, latitude and longitude. All screening and coding will be done after initial consistency checking. The outcomes of this systematic map will be a searchable database of coded studies. Findings will be presented in a geo-informational system (i.e. an evidence atlas) and knowledge gaps and clusters will be visualised via heat maps.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Haddaway, Neal R. , Johannesdottir, Solveig L. , Piniewski, Mikołaj , Macura, Biljana
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Circular economy , Energy recovery , Nitrogen
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/289962 , uj:31470 , Citation: Haddaway, N.R. et al. 2018. What ecotechnologies exist for recycling carbon and nutrients from domestic wastewater? A systematic map protocol. Haddaway et al. Environ Evid (2019) 8:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-018-0145-z
- Description: Abstract: Background: Pollution of the Baltic Sea continues to be a problem. Major terrestrial sources of nutrient emissions to the Baltic Sea are agriculture and wastewater, both major causes of eutrophication. Wastewater contains nutrients and organic matter that could constitute valuable products such as agricultural fertilizers and source of energy. With the EU’s action plan for circular economy, waste management and resource utilization is central. Thus the integration of resource recovery to wastewater management could create benefits beyond the wastewater sector. There is a growing interest in resource recovery from wastewater. However, there is no systematic overview of the literature on technologies to recover nutrients and carbon from wastewater sources done to date. Methods: This systematic map will identify a representative list of studies on ecotechnologies for reusing carbon and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from domestic wastewater, which includes e.g. sewage sludge and wastewater fractions. Searches will be performed in five bibliographic databases, one search engine and 38 specialist websites. Searches will mainly be performed in English, search for literature in specialist websites will also include Finnish, Polish and Swedish. Coding and meta-data extraction will include information on ecotechnology name and short description, reuse outcome (i.e. reuse of carbon, nitrogen and/or phosphorus), type of reuse (i.e. whether it is explicit or implicit), study country and location, latitude and longitude. All screening and coding will be done after initial consistency checking. The outcomes of this systematic map will be a searchable database of coded studies. Findings will be presented in a geo-informational system (i.e. an evidence atlas) and knowledge gaps and clusters will be visualised via heat maps.
- Full Text:
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