Analysis of household energy uses in Mubuga informal settlement, Gitega, Burundi
- Niyongabo, Prime, Makonese, Tafadzwa
- Authors: Niyongabo, Prime , Makonese, Tafadzwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Domestic energy , Energy ladder , Energy policy
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/233905 , uj:23891 , Citation: Niyongabo, P. & Makonese, T. 2017. Analysis of household energy uses in Mubuga informal settlement, Gitega, Burundi
- Description: Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of household energy uses in an informal settlement in Mubuga, Gitega, Burundi. At the time of the survey, the informal settlement was not connected to the main electricity grid. A survey of 100 households was conducted and data were collected through structured and open interviews. Of the interviewed households, 84 percent indicated that they used fuelwood as a primary energy source for cooking. About 94 percent used charcoal for commercial (barbecuing/grilling meat) purposes and 22 percent used it for domestic cooking. For lighting, kerosene accounted for 55 percent followed by candles (36%) and rechargeable lanterns (10%). Households in Mubuga used multiple fuels to meet their basic energy needs. It is therefore recommended that intervention models that advocate for the use of multiple fuels should be promoted in the area, as it allows households to choose freely energy sources from a suite of options.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Niyongabo, Prime , Makonese, Tafadzwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Domestic energy , Energy ladder , Energy policy
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/233905 , uj:23891 , Citation: Niyongabo, P. & Makonese, T. 2017. Analysis of household energy uses in Mubuga informal settlement, Gitega, Burundi
- Description: Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of household energy uses in an informal settlement in Mubuga, Gitega, Burundi. At the time of the survey, the informal settlement was not connected to the main electricity grid. A survey of 100 households was conducted and data were collected through structured and open interviews. Of the interviewed households, 84 percent indicated that they used fuelwood as a primary energy source for cooking. About 94 percent used charcoal for commercial (barbecuing/grilling meat) purposes and 22 percent used it for domestic cooking. For lighting, kerosene accounted for 55 percent followed by candles (36%) and rechargeable lanterns (10%). Households in Mubuga used multiple fuels to meet their basic energy needs. It is therefore recommended that intervention models that advocate for the use of multiple fuels should be promoted in the area, as it allows households to choose freely energy sources from a suite of options.
- Full Text:
Die relatiewe ekonomie van sekere direkte en indirekte prosesse vir die vervaardiging van sintetiese olieprodukte.
- Authors: Niemandt, Mathys Johannes
- Date: 2014-02-10
- Subjects: Synthetic fuels , Energy policy , Petroleum products
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9080
- Description: M.Phil. (Energy Studies) , South Africa has no commercially proven indigenous crude oil deposits. The country therefore follows a well formulated longterm energy policy to ensure a continuous and uninterrupted supply of transport fuels. The development of a very successful synfuel industry contributes to the national desire of maintaining a minimum level of self sufficiency in transport fuels. The Government also plays a supportive role in financing synthetic fuel projects from the Central Energy Fund. South Africa has abundant coal resources at a reasonable cost, as well as the offshore gas field near the coast of Mosselbay. The objective of this study is therefore to evaluate and compare the re1athe economics of certain direct and indirect coal liquefaction process routes, as well as the conversion of natural gas to transport fuels. The methanol option as a transport fuel is also addressed. Information for this study was collected mainly from the literature on this subject as well as Government institutions and private companies that are actively involved in the production of synthetic transport fuels. The primary conclusions of this study are: Synthetic fuel projects are capital intensive. The number of commercially proven options for the production of synfuels are limited to the well proven technology of the Sasol process, conventional methanol synthesis technology and to a lessor extent the Mobil methanol-to-gasoline technology. Accurate costs comparisons will therefore only be possible when more of the direct liquefaction options have been commercially demonstrated. Commercial realisat ion of the unproven technologies also involve enormous financial resources and a high risk. The Sasol synfuel option with the lowest thermal efficiency of approximately 42% requires the highest capital investment per ton or barrel of final product. The high severity direct processes (H-coal, Exxon-Donor-Solvent or EDS and the German Technology) as well as the Mobil-MTG capital investment follows, with the low severity and high thermal efficiency SRC-1 and SRC-2 process capital requirements the lowest, except for the very low,capital investment for a methanol synthesis plant...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Niemandt, Mathys Johannes
- Date: 2014-02-10
- Subjects: Synthetic fuels , Energy policy , Petroleum products
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9080
- Description: M.Phil. (Energy Studies) , South Africa has no commercially proven indigenous crude oil deposits. The country therefore follows a well formulated longterm energy policy to ensure a continuous and uninterrupted supply of transport fuels. The development of a very successful synfuel industry contributes to the national desire of maintaining a minimum level of self sufficiency in transport fuels. The Government also plays a supportive role in financing synthetic fuel projects from the Central Energy Fund. South Africa has abundant coal resources at a reasonable cost, as well as the offshore gas field near the coast of Mosselbay. The objective of this study is therefore to evaluate and compare the re1athe economics of certain direct and indirect coal liquefaction process routes, as well as the conversion of natural gas to transport fuels. The methanol option as a transport fuel is also addressed. Information for this study was collected mainly from the literature on this subject as well as Government institutions and private companies that are actively involved in the production of synthetic transport fuels. The primary conclusions of this study are: Synthetic fuel projects are capital intensive. The number of commercially proven options for the production of synfuels are limited to the well proven technology of the Sasol process, conventional methanol synthesis technology and to a lessor extent the Mobil methanol-to-gasoline technology. Accurate costs comparisons will therefore only be possible when more of the direct liquefaction options have been commercially demonstrated. Commercial realisat ion of the unproven technologies also involve enormous financial resources and a high risk. The Sasol synfuel option with the lowest thermal efficiency of approximately 42% requires the highest capital investment per ton or barrel of final product. The high severity direct processes (H-coal, Exxon-Donor-Solvent or EDS and the German Technology) as well as the Mobil-MTG capital investment follows, with the low severity and high thermal efficiency SRC-1 and SRC-2 process capital requirements the lowest, except for the very low,capital investment for a methanol synthesis plant...
- Full Text:
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