Comparative effects of chiropractic adjustment versus chiropractic adjustment combined with static magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points for the treatment of mechanical neck pain
- Authors: Cripps, Gaenor
- Date: 2012-04-16
- Subjects: Acupuncture points , Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4600
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: This study was undertaken in order to demonstrate the effects of static magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points in the treatment of those suffering from mechanical neck pain. Isolated spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine was compared to spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine in conjunction with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points using both objective and subjective measurements. Before the execution of this study, it was hypothesised that both treatment protocols would be effective in the treatment of mechanical neck pain, although the combined therapy would be more effective. Method: Patients were recruited by way of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein campus and their health clinic. Thirty patients with mechanical neck pain were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Group one received manipulation to the affected joints of the cervical spine and group two received manipulation to the cervical spine combined with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points. Procedure: Each patient in each group attended six treatment sessions; three in the first week and three in the second week. The Vernon Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (subjective measurements) were completed by each patient and the Cervical Range of Motion instrument (objective measurements) was used to collect readings from each patient in both the control and experimental groups, subjective and objective measurements were taken before treatment one, three and six. Specific treatment protocols were then adhered to. Results: The results indicated that both treatment protocols were effective in reducing mechanical neck pain although not one group was more effective than VI the other. Both groups improved subjectively and objectively as they had cervical spinal manipulation directed at joint dysfunction. Conclusion: The experimental group who received spinal manipulative therapy to correct joint dysfunction in conjunction with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points was not more effective than the control group who received spinal manipulation only, in the treatment of mechanical neck pain.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cripps, Gaenor
- Date: 2012-04-16
- Subjects: Acupuncture points , Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4600
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: This study was undertaken in order to demonstrate the effects of static magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points in the treatment of those suffering from mechanical neck pain. Isolated spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine was compared to spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine in conjunction with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points using both objective and subjective measurements. Before the execution of this study, it was hypothesised that both treatment protocols would be effective in the treatment of mechanical neck pain, although the combined therapy would be more effective. Method: Patients were recruited by way of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein campus and their health clinic. Thirty patients with mechanical neck pain were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Group one received manipulation to the affected joints of the cervical spine and group two received manipulation to the cervical spine combined with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points. Procedure: Each patient in each group attended six treatment sessions; three in the first week and three in the second week. The Vernon Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (subjective measurements) were completed by each patient and the Cervical Range of Motion instrument (objective measurements) was used to collect readings from each patient in both the control and experimental groups, subjective and objective measurements were taken before treatment one, three and six. Specific treatment protocols were then adhered to. Results: The results indicated that both treatment protocols were effective in reducing mechanical neck pain although not one group was more effective than VI the other. Both groups improved subjectively and objectively as they had cervical spinal manipulation directed at joint dysfunction. Conclusion: The experimental group who received spinal manipulative therapy to correct joint dysfunction in conjunction with magnetic field therapy on acupuncture points was not more effective than the control group who received spinal manipulation only, in the treatment of mechanical neck pain.
- Full Text:
The effect of chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy of the cervical and/or upper thoracic spine on eye-hand co-ordination
- Authors: Ross, Stuart Paul
- Date: 2011-10-11T07:19:25Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Eye-hand coordination
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3890
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to determine whether Chiropractic cervical spine and/or upper thoracic adjustments had an effect on eye-hand co-ordination in asymptomatic participants presenting with cervical and/or upper thoracic spine dysfunction. Forty eight asymptomatic participants took part in this study. The participants were divided into three groups of sixteen participants each, each group consisting of eight male and eight female participants. Group 1 participants received Chiropractic adjustive therapy to dysfunctional segments in the C0-C3 spinal segments and C5-T1 spinal segments. In Group 2 the participants received Chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy to dysfunctional spinal segments in the C0-C3 region. Group 3 acted as the control group and participants received detuned ultrasound applied to the posterior cervical spine region. Two computer tests were involved in this study, namely the 2HAND test and the B19 test which had to be completed successively. The subjects were allowed to have a trial run each time they were tested to get a “hand’s-on feel” for the equipment. After the trial run the participants were tested, their respective treatment was carried out and the participants were then re-tested. Overall the study was able to show that Chiropractic adjustive therapy had no effect on eye-hand co-ordination in asymptomatic participants. Group 1 did not show any greater improvement in eye-hand co-ordination when compared to Group 2 where Group 1 received upper cervical spine and upper thoracic adjustments and Group 2 received only upper cervical adjustments. Gender was seen to play a significant role in the study, mainly during the B19 test. Overall it can be said that Chiropractic adjustive therapy had no effect on speed (OMD) or accuracy (OPED) during the test. Future research is needed on the possible effects of Chiropractic adjustive therapy on speed and accuracy as the study design showed some potential positive influences but may have been merely due to coincidence because of the small sample sizes. When testing eye-hand co-ordination it was noted that after the participants received Chiropractic adjustive therapy the length of mistakes in percent (LMP) decreased, meaning that the participants were able to correct any mistakes made at a faster rate after receiving Chiropractic adjustive therapy, but only when delivered to the spinal levels C0-C3 and/or C5-T1 (i.e. Group 1) for male participants only. Statistically significant results were noted when testing the number of mistakes made (NM) but only for male participants receiving Chiropractic adjustments to the C0-C3 levels only (i.e. Group 2). Future research needs to be done on the gender discrepancies noted for the different manner that Chiropractic adjustive therapy affected the different genders.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ross, Stuart Paul
- Date: 2011-10-11T07:19:25Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Eye-hand coordination
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3890
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to determine whether Chiropractic cervical spine and/or upper thoracic adjustments had an effect on eye-hand co-ordination in asymptomatic participants presenting with cervical and/or upper thoracic spine dysfunction. Forty eight asymptomatic participants took part in this study. The participants were divided into three groups of sixteen participants each, each group consisting of eight male and eight female participants. Group 1 participants received Chiropractic adjustive therapy to dysfunctional segments in the C0-C3 spinal segments and C5-T1 spinal segments. In Group 2 the participants received Chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy to dysfunctional spinal segments in the C0-C3 region. Group 3 acted as the control group and participants received detuned ultrasound applied to the posterior cervical spine region. Two computer tests were involved in this study, namely the 2HAND test and the B19 test which had to be completed successively. The subjects were allowed to have a trial run each time they were tested to get a “hand’s-on feel” for the equipment. After the trial run the participants were tested, their respective treatment was carried out and the participants were then re-tested. Overall the study was able to show that Chiropractic adjustive therapy had no effect on eye-hand co-ordination in asymptomatic participants. Group 1 did not show any greater improvement in eye-hand co-ordination when compared to Group 2 where Group 1 received upper cervical spine and upper thoracic adjustments and Group 2 received only upper cervical adjustments. Gender was seen to play a significant role in the study, mainly during the B19 test. Overall it can be said that Chiropractic adjustive therapy had no effect on speed (OMD) or accuracy (OPED) during the test. Future research is needed on the possible effects of Chiropractic adjustive therapy on speed and accuracy as the study design showed some potential positive influences but may have been merely due to coincidence because of the small sample sizes. When testing eye-hand co-ordination it was noted that after the participants received Chiropractic adjustive therapy the length of mistakes in percent (LMP) decreased, meaning that the participants were able to correct any mistakes made at a faster rate after receiving Chiropractic adjustive therapy, but only when delivered to the spinal levels C0-C3 and/or C5-T1 (i.e. Group 1) for male participants only. Statistically significant results were noted when testing the number of mistakes made (NM) but only for male participants receiving Chiropractic adjustments to the C0-C3 levels only (i.e. Group 2). Future research needs to be done on the gender discrepancies noted for the different manner that Chiropractic adjustive therapy affected the different genders.
- Full Text:
The effects of chiropractic adjustments compared to stretching in freestyle dancers with lower back pain
- Authors: Fernandes, Carina
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:50:54Z
- Subjects: Dancing injuries - Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Stretching exercises , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7125 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3718
- Description: M.Tech. , Dancing, over the years has become a highly competitive sport with demanding levels of fitness and flexibility needed in order to progress to a professional level (DeMann, 1997). With lower back pain becoming a common occurrence in dancers, both physical as well as emotional stress is placed on the dancer and their lower back (DeMann, 1997). The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Chiropractic adjustments on the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, stretching certain muscle groups or the combination of the two treatment protocols on Freestyle dancers with chronic lower back pain with regards to pain, disability and lumbar spine and pelvis range of motion. Thirty female participants between the ages of thirteen and twenty five years were recruited to participate in this study. Successful participants were then randomly placed into one of three groups, of ten participants each, which would receive different treatment protocols according to their group allocation. Group 1 underwent Chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, Group 2 received stretching exercises to the Quadratus lumborum muscle; gluteal muscles consisting of Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus; Piriformis; Psoas; Hamstring and Multifidus muscles only and Group 3 received a combination of the treatment protocols. Participants in all three groups were assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for subjective readings; the Digital Inclinometer was used for objective readings of ROM. All treatments were performed at the Riviere Academy of Dance under the supervision of a qualified Chiropractor. The results concluded that the benefits of an adjustment alone, stretching alone as well as the two treatments combined showed a reduction of pain and increase of ROM, when managing a dancer with lower back pain. Not one treatment was shown to be more beneficial than the other.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Fernandes, Carina
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:50:54Z
- Subjects: Dancing injuries - Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Stretching exercises , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7125 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3718
- Description: M.Tech. , Dancing, over the years has become a highly competitive sport with demanding levels of fitness and flexibility needed in order to progress to a professional level (DeMann, 1997). With lower back pain becoming a common occurrence in dancers, both physical as well as emotional stress is placed on the dancer and their lower back (DeMann, 1997). The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Chiropractic adjustments on the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, stretching certain muscle groups or the combination of the two treatment protocols on Freestyle dancers with chronic lower back pain with regards to pain, disability and lumbar spine and pelvis range of motion. Thirty female participants between the ages of thirteen and twenty five years were recruited to participate in this study. Successful participants were then randomly placed into one of three groups, of ten participants each, which would receive different treatment protocols according to their group allocation. Group 1 underwent Chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, Group 2 received stretching exercises to the Quadratus lumborum muscle; gluteal muscles consisting of Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus; Piriformis; Psoas; Hamstring and Multifidus muscles only and Group 3 received a combination of the treatment protocols. Participants in all three groups were assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for subjective readings; the Digital Inclinometer was used for objective readings of ROM. All treatments were performed at the Riviere Academy of Dance under the supervision of a qualified Chiropractor. The results concluded that the benefits of an adjustment alone, stretching alone as well as the two treatments combined showed a reduction of pain and increase of ROM, when managing a dancer with lower back pain. Not one treatment was shown to be more beneficial than the other.
- Full Text:
The effects of a chiropractic upper cervical adjustment on the autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular system
- Authors: Van Tonder, Lynelle
- Date: 2011-10-11T08:37:48Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Autonomic nervous system , Cardiovascular system
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/368546 , uj:7249 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3902
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was conducted to determine whether Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment Therapy (SAT) of the upper cervical spine has an effect on the normal physiological reactions that take place in the Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiovascular System whilst using the Electrocardiogram as a monitoring device. This area within Chiropractic research calls for further studies to be conducted. One hundred and twenty normotensive participants between the ages of 18 and 30 years were recruited to partake in the study via an advertisement placed in and around the University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus (Appendix A). Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by completing a Full Case History (Appendix B), Pertinent Physical Examination (Appendix C), Cervical Spine Regional Examination (Appendix D) and a S.O.A.P. note (Appendix E). Participants were excluded from the study if it was revealed that they have contra-indications to Chiropractic SAT (Appendix F). The participants demonstrating upper cervical spine dysfunction were treated with a Chiropractic upper cervical SAT (Appendix J) while they were monitored for 3 minutes before, during treatment and 3 minutes after treatment by means of the Electrocardiogram to monitor the cardiovascular response. Participants were asked to read and sign the Subject Information and Consent form (Appendix G). Participants were required to complete the Patient Biographical Information Sheet (Appendix H) and the Patient Questionnaire regarding treatment experience (Appendix I)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Tonder, Lynelle
- Date: 2011-10-11T08:37:48Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Autonomic nervous system , Cardiovascular system
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/368546 , uj:7249 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3902
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was conducted to determine whether Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment Therapy (SAT) of the upper cervical spine has an effect on the normal physiological reactions that take place in the Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiovascular System whilst using the Electrocardiogram as a monitoring device. This area within Chiropractic research calls for further studies to be conducted. One hundred and twenty normotensive participants between the ages of 18 and 30 years were recruited to partake in the study via an advertisement placed in and around the University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus (Appendix A). Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by completing a Full Case History (Appendix B), Pertinent Physical Examination (Appendix C), Cervical Spine Regional Examination (Appendix D) and a S.O.A.P. note (Appendix E). Participants were excluded from the study if it was revealed that they have contra-indications to Chiropractic SAT (Appendix F). The participants demonstrating upper cervical spine dysfunction were treated with a Chiropractic upper cervical SAT (Appendix J) while they were monitored for 3 minutes before, during treatment and 3 minutes after treatment by means of the Electrocardiogram to monitor the cardiovascular response. Participants were asked to read and sign the Subject Information and Consent form (Appendix G). Participants were required to complete the Patient Biographical Information Sheet (Appendix H) and the Patient Questionnaire regarding treatment experience (Appendix I)
- Full Text:
The efficacy of chiropractic care in the treatment of plantar fasciitis utilising foot and ankle manipulation, gastrocsoleus stretching and cross friction massage of the plantar fascia
- Authors: Rama, Sunil
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Plantar fasciitis - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment , Fasciae (Anatomy) - Inflammation - Treatment , Inflammation - Alternative treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2340 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4797
- Description: M. Tech. , Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain for which professional care is sought (Singh, 2008). Plantar fasciitis is a common injury, and one which is known to be stubborn to many forms of treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective treatment for individuals suffering with plantar fasciitis comparing three protocols, i.e. mobilisation and manipulation of the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia versus stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia or a combination of the aforementioned treatments. Participants in the study were recruited from information pamphlets, the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic and Podiatry Day Clinics and running clubs. Only those participants that conformed to the selection criteria were allowed to participate in the study. A total of forty five participants were included. These participants were randomly placed into one of three groups of fifteen participants in each group. Group one received manipulation and mobilisation therapy to the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia. Group two received cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus muscle. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Subjective data was collected using the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and the Foot Function Index (FFI). Objective data was collected using the algometer to test differences in pain at the plantar fascia as well as ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion which was measured using a goniometer. The results of this study indicate that cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex would appear to have shown the greatest overall improvement in terms of reducing the pain and disability and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Manipulation of the foot and ankle, cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex proved to have shown the greatest overall improvement in plantarflexion only. Based on the results of the study, cross friction massage and gastroc-soleus stretching is the most effective treatment protocol for plantar fasciitis.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rama, Sunil
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Plantar fasciitis - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment , Fasciae (Anatomy) - Inflammation - Treatment , Inflammation - Alternative treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2340 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4797
- Description: M. Tech. , Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain for which professional care is sought (Singh, 2008). Plantar fasciitis is a common injury, and one which is known to be stubborn to many forms of treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective treatment for individuals suffering with plantar fasciitis comparing three protocols, i.e. mobilisation and manipulation of the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia versus stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia or a combination of the aforementioned treatments. Participants in the study were recruited from information pamphlets, the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic and Podiatry Day Clinics and running clubs. Only those participants that conformed to the selection criteria were allowed to participate in the study. A total of forty five participants were included. These participants were randomly placed into one of three groups of fifteen participants in each group. Group one received manipulation and mobilisation therapy to the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia. Group two received cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus muscle. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Subjective data was collected using the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and the Foot Function Index (FFI). Objective data was collected using the algometer to test differences in pain at the plantar fascia as well as ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion which was measured using a goniometer. The results of this study indicate that cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex would appear to have shown the greatest overall improvement in terms of reducing the pain and disability and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Manipulation of the foot and ankle, cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex proved to have shown the greatest overall improvement in plantarflexion only. Based on the results of the study, cross friction massage and gastroc-soleus stretching is the most effective treatment protocol for plantar fasciitis.
- Full Text:
The effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy in conjunction with a stretching program in the treatment of upper crossed syndrome
- Authors: Rautenbach, Marlie
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Stretching exercises , Shoulder girdle , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2361 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4817
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: To determine the most effective treatment protocol in the treatment of Upper Crossed Syndrome by comparing objective results gained from Spinal Manipulative Therapy and a stretching program only and a combination of these treatments directed at the shoulder girdle and cervical spine. DESIGN: The study was a clinical trial in which three experimental groups of fifteen participants each were compared to each other. These participants were recruited from the local general population and were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, presenting with Upper Crossed Syndrome and demonstrating unremarkable clinical and radiological findings.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rautenbach, Marlie
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Stretching exercises , Shoulder girdle , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2361 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4817
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: To determine the most effective treatment protocol in the treatment of Upper Crossed Syndrome by comparing objective results gained from Spinal Manipulative Therapy and a stretching program only and a combination of these treatments directed at the shoulder girdle and cervical spine. DESIGN: The study was a clinical trial in which three experimental groups of fifteen participants each were compared to each other. These participants were recruited from the local general population and were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, presenting with Upper Crossed Syndrome and demonstrating unremarkable clinical and radiological findings.
- Full Text:
A study to determine the effectiveness of chiropractic manipulative therapy and chiropractic manipulative therapy combined with myofascial trigger point therapy in the treatment of chronic mechanical posterior cervical spine pain
- Authors: McLean, Nicola Suzanne
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3638 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9015
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of chiropractic manipulative therapy with that of a combined therapy involving chiropractic manipulative therapy and myofascial trigger point therapy (dry needling technique and passive stretching), in the treatment of chronic mechanical posterior cervical spine pain. In executing the comparison, it was hypothesised that both treatment protocols would be effective, but that the combined therapy would be the most effective for the treatment of chronic mechanical posterior cervical spine pain, as this treatment protocol has equal emphasis on both the osseous and soft tissue structures. It was hoped that this combined therapy would be more effective in terms of a more speedy recovery and long term effect. This would not only benefit the patient from the point of view of health and quality of life, but financially as well, as less consultation fees would have to be paid. Patients wererecruited into the study by the use of advertisements in newspapers and posters, or from patients entering the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic Day Clinic complaining of posterior cervical spine pain. Only those thirty patients who conformed to the specified delimitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into two groups of fifteen patients each. One group received chiropractic manipulative therapy and the other group received the combined therapy. Each patient received twelve treatments over a one month period, ie. three treatments per week. After the treatment period there was a month break from treatment and a follow-up consultation at the end ofthis month. This follow-up period was used to determine the lasting effects of the treatment protocol. The subjective data was collected with the use of two questionnaires, the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Vemon Mior) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Further subjective data was collected, in the form of the number of fixations found in the cervical spine by the use of motion palpation and active myofascial trigger points found in the specified areas of the Trapezius and Levator Scapulae muscles. The objective data was obtained from the...
- Full Text:
- Authors: McLean, Nicola Suzanne
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3638 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9015
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of chiropractic manipulative therapy with that of a combined therapy involving chiropractic manipulative therapy and myofascial trigger point therapy (dry needling technique and passive stretching), in the treatment of chronic mechanical posterior cervical spine pain. In executing the comparison, it was hypothesised that both treatment protocols would be effective, but that the combined therapy would be the most effective for the treatment of chronic mechanical posterior cervical spine pain, as this treatment protocol has equal emphasis on both the osseous and soft tissue structures. It was hoped that this combined therapy would be more effective in terms of a more speedy recovery and long term effect. This would not only benefit the patient from the point of view of health and quality of life, but financially as well, as less consultation fees would have to be paid. Patients wererecruited into the study by the use of advertisements in newspapers and posters, or from patients entering the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic Day Clinic complaining of posterior cervical spine pain. Only those thirty patients who conformed to the specified delimitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into two groups of fifteen patients each. One group received chiropractic manipulative therapy and the other group received the combined therapy. Each patient received twelve treatments over a one month period, ie. three treatments per week. After the treatment period there was a month break from treatment and a follow-up consultation at the end ofthis month. This follow-up period was used to determine the lasting effects of the treatment protocol. The subjective data was collected with the use of two questionnaires, the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Vemon Mior) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Further subjective data was collected, in the form of the number of fixations found in the cervical spine by the use of motion palpation and active myofascial trigger points found in the specified areas of the Trapezius and Levator Scapulae muscles. The objective data was obtained from the...
- Full Text:
The effectiveness of ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling of the active trigger points in the quadratus lumborum muscle in the treatment of lower back pain
- Authors: Martin, Pippa
- Date: 2008-07-07T09:33:41Z
- Subjects: Backache , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10259 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/762
- Description: This study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling in the treatment of lower back pain due to an active trigger point in the quadratus lumborum muscle. It was also conducted in order to compare the effects of ischaemic compression to the effects of myofascial dry needling of an active trigger point to determine which of the two treatment protocols was superior. It was hypothesised that ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling would have a positive outcome on the subjective and objective findings in patients with lower back pain. Participants were recruited into the study by the use of advertisements placed in local newspapers and at the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Thirty patients who conformed to the specified limitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into two groups of fifteen patients each. Group one received ischaemic compression and group two received myofascial dry needling. Each patient received six treatments over a three week period, therefore two treatments per week. The subjective data, which was the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the readings on the algometer, measuring the pressure threshold of trigger points. All the algometer readings were statistically analysed using repeated measures tests. These tests were conducted on a 95% confidence level (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that both treatment protocols were very effective for the treatment of quadratus lumborum myofascial trigger points and lower back pain. Based on the results of this study, ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling are suggested treatments for myofascial trigger points associated with lower back pain, however ischaemic compression proved to be significantly the most effective. , Dr. S. Wilcox Dr. M. Moodley
- Full Text:
- Authors: Martin, Pippa
- Date: 2008-07-07T09:33:41Z
- Subjects: Backache , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10259 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/762
- Description: This study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling in the treatment of lower back pain due to an active trigger point in the quadratus lumborum muscle. It was also conducted in order to compare the effects of ischaemic compression to the effects of myofascial dry needling of an active trigger point to determine which of the two treatment protocols was superior. It was hypothesised that ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling would have a positive outcome on the subjective and objective findings in patients with lower back pain. Participants were recruited into the study by the use of advertisements placed in local newspapers and at the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Thirty patients who conformed to the specified limitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into two groups of fifteen patients each. Group one received ischaemic compression and group two received myofascial dry needling. Each patient received six treatments over a three week period, therefore two treatments per week. The subjective data, which was the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the readings on the algometer, measuring the pressure threshold of trigger points. All the algometer readings were statistically analysed using repeated measures tests. These tests were conducted on a 95% confidence level (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that both treatment protocols were very effective for the treatment of quadratus lumborum myofascial trigger points and lower back pain. Based on the results of this study, ischaemic compression and myofascial dry needling are suggested treatments for myofascial trigger points associated with lower back pain, however ischaemic compression proved to be significantly the most effective. , Dr. S. Wilcox Dr. M. Moodley
- Full Text:
The effect of flexion distraction therapy of the lumbar spine on the electromyographic activity of the erector spinae muscle
- Authors: Hope, Megan Maryse
- Date: 2011-06-30T08:21:22Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Lumbar vertebrae , Electromyography
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7157 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3765
- Description: M.Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the electromyographic effect of flexion distraction therapy of the lumbar spine on the Erector Spinae muscles in participants with lumbar facet dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty participants with lumbar facet dysfunction underwent 6 flexion distraction therapy treatments on alternate days over a 2-week period (excluding weekends) to test the electromyographic effect on the Erector Spinae muscle. SETTING: University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa. SUBJECTS: Thirty participants with lumbar facet dysfunction participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups of fifteen participants each and matched according to age and gender. Group 1, the study group, received flexion distraction therapy to the restricted segments in the lumbar spine. Group 2, the control group, did not receive any flexion distraction therapy and rested during the duration of the treatment. METHODS: Lumbar Erector Spinae muscle electrical activity was tested before and after treatment one, three and six using surface electromyography (sEMG). One pair of bipolar electrodes was placed bilaterally over the Erector Spinae muscles at the level of L3. Participants were asked to lie down in a prone position with their arms next to their sides. They were then instructed to perform five maximum voluntary lower back extension exercises by lifting their chests and shoulders as high off the plinth as possible. Each contraction lasted five seconds, with a rest period of ten seconds between each contraction. The average rest and work surface electromyography readings were recorded, analysed and compared for reference. Information regarding the intensity of the pain experienced by the vii subjects was also collected at the start of treatment one, three and five using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. RESULTS: Comparison of the results indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups and their responses to the treatments. Subjectively, a statistically significant improvement was observed in Group 1 between the third and the sixth treatments and the first and the sixth treatments, with an overall 80% improvement in pain, thus demonstrating the medium to long term effects of flexion distraction therapy. Objectively, Group 1 demonstrated a statistically significant medium to long term improvement in the resting rate of the Erector Spinae muscles as observed between the first and sixth treatments. Statistically, the two groups responded differently over time with regards to the contraction ability of the Erector Spinae muscle. A statistically significant and immediate improvement was observed in the sixth treatment in Group 1, thus further supporting the long term effects and benefits of flexion distraction therapy. CONCLUSION: In light of these findings it can be concluded that flexion distraction therapy, as represented by Group 1, demonstrated favourable treatment results in terms of the pain experienced by the subjects, the resting rate and contraction ability of the Erector Spinae muscles. The trends observed in this study should be used and tested in future research studies of a similar nature incorporating larger sample groups.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Hope, Megan Maryse
- Date: 2011-06-30T08:21:22Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Lumbar vertebrae , Electromyography
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7157 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3765
- Description: M.Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the electromyographic effect of flexion distraction therapy of the lumbar spine on the Erector Spinae muscles in participants with lumbar facet dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty participants with lumbar facet dysfunction underwent 6 flexion distraction therapy treatments on alternate days over a 2-week period (excluding weekends) to test the electromyographic effect on the Erector Spinae muscle. SETTING: University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa. SUBJECTS: Thirty participants with lumbar facet dysfunction participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups of fifteen participants each and matched according to age and gender. Group 1, the study group, received flexion distraction therapy to the restricted segments in the lumbar spine. Group 2, the control group, did not receive any flexion distraction therapy and rested during the duration of the treatment. METHODS: Lumbar Erector Spinae muscle electrical activity was tested before and after treatment one, three and six using surface electromyography (sEMG). One pair of bipolar electrodes was placed bilaterally over the Erector Spinae muscles at the level of L3. Participants were asked to lie down in a prone position with their arms next to their sides. They were then instructed to perform five maximum voluntary lower back extension exercises by lifting their chests and shoulders as high off the plinth as possible. Each contraction lasted five seconds, with a rest period of ten seconds between each contraction. The average rest and work surface electromyography readings were recorded, analysed and compared for reference. Information regarding the intensity of the pain experienced by the vii subjects was also collected at the start of treatment one, three and five using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. RESULTS: Comparison of the results indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups and their responses to the treatments. Subjectively, a statistically significant improvement was observed in Group 1 between the third and the sixth treatments and the first and the sixth treatments, with an overall 80% improvement in pain, thus demonstrating the medium to long term effects of flexion distraction therapy. Objectively, Group 1 demonstrated a statistically significant medium to long term improvement in the resting rate of the Erector Spinae muscles as observed between the first and sixth treatments. Statistically, the two groups responded differently over time with regards to the contraction ability of the Erector Spinae muscle. A statistically significant and immediate improvement was observed in the sixth treatment in Group 1, thus further supporting the long term effects and benefits of flexion distraction therapy. CONCLUSION: In light of these findings it can be concluded that flexion distraction therapy, as represented by Group 1, demonstrated favourable treatment results in terms of the pain experienced by the subjects, the resting rate and contraction ability of the Erector Spinae muscles. The trends observed in this study should be used and tested in future research studies of a similar nature incorporating larger sample groups.
- Full Text:
A comparison between manipulative therapy and fascial treatment in treating fascial line dysfunction of the superficial back line
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Jacques
- Date: 2011-06-29T06:46:07Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Back massage
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7143 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3734
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: To determine the effect of Chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) compared to that of fascial treatment on Superficial back line (SBL) fascial line restrictions. It has been suggested that a fascial line restriction can cause a decrease in performance and lead to over – use injuries. Methods: A randomised study design with thirty asymptomatic male participants, which were moderate to highly active as indicated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Participants were divided into two equal groups, group A (n=15) received Chiropractic SMT of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, group B (n=15) were treated with Direct Release Myofascial Technique to the restricted SBL. The study design consisted of seven consultations, with intervention being applied at each consultation. Objective data was obtained by the Bunkie test and Range of Motion testing which determined the participant‟s level of endurance and fascial line restriction. Objective data was obtained before and after the first intervention, after intervention on the fourth consultation and on the seventh consultation, which did not include intervention. The short term effect was represented by comparing the before values of consultation one (baseline) to consultation seven. The immediate effect of intervention was represented by the before versus the after measurements of consultations. Results: The objective results showed that there was a short term and immediate improvement in Lumbar range of motion for both groups and a short term and immediate improvement in Bunkie test times of both groups, except for the immediate effect of group B, which decreased the Bunkie test time. With the Bunkie test group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 2.4 seconds (11.3%) on the right and 2.3 seconds (4.9%) on the left. With the Bunkie test group A showed a short term mean improvement of 9 seconds (41.8%) on the right and 10.1 seconds (44.1%) on the left. Group B showed no immediate mean improvement for the Bunkie test and a short term mean improvement of 3.3 seconds (19%) on the right and 2 seconds (10.9%) on the left.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Jacques
- Date: 2011-06-29T06:46:07Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Back massage
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7143 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3734
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: To determine the effect of Chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) compared to that of fascial treatment on Superficial back line (SBL) fascial line restrictions. It has been suggested that a fascial line restriction can cause a decrease in performance and lead to over – use injuries. Methods: A randomised study design with thirty asymptomatic male participants, which were moderate to highly active as indicated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Participants were divided into two equal groups, group A (n=15) received Chiropractic SMT of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, group B (n=15) were treated with Direct Release Myofascial Technique to the restricted SBL. The study design consisted of seven consultations, with intervention being applied at each consultation. Objective data was obtained by the Bunkie test and Range of Motion testing which determined the participant‟s level of endurance and fascial line restriction. Objective data was obtained before and after the first intervention, after intervention on the fourth consultation and on the seventh consultation, which did not include intervention. The short term effect was represented by comparing the before values of consultation one (baseline) to consultation seven. The immediate effect of intervention was represented by the before versus the after measurements of consultations. Results: The objective results showed that there was a short term and immediate improvement in Lumbar range of motion for both groups and a short term and immediate improvement in Bunkie test times of both groups, except for the immediate effect of group B, which decreased the Bunkie test time. With the Bunkie test group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 2.4 seconds (11.3%) on the right and 2.3 seconds (4.9%) on the left. With the Bunkie test group A showed a short term mean improvement of 9 seconds (41.8%) on the right and 10.1 seconds (44.1%) on the left. Group B showed no immediate mean improvement for the Bunkie test and a short term mean improvement of 3.3 seconds (19%) on the right and 2 seconds (10.9%) on the left.
- Full Text:
The effects of upper cervical spine manipulation on spot tenderness within the erector spinae muscles of show-jumping horses
- Authors: Linden, Desere Jean
- Date: 2008-07-07T09:34:05Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Horses wounds and injuries , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10292 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/765
- Description: Purpose: Trigger points may occur when muscle is subject to direct trauma, sustained tension, fatigue, radiculopathy, joint dysfunction and emotional stress, which may cause aberrant nerve conduction and dysfunction of the motor neurons. Any of these factors may increase the possibility of overload stress to a muscle and may convert a latent trigger point to an active one. In humans, due to muscle attachments, spinal manipulation causes reflex relaxation of associated and distal musculature. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of upper cervical spine manipulation, specifically C1, on pain tolerance of trigger points over the erector spinae muscles in show-jumping horses. Method: This study consisted of two groups, the experimental and the control group, each consisting of ten horses. Potential candidates were examined and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The only method of treatment that was administered to each horse was chiropractic manipulation to the most restricted side of the UPPER CERVICAL SPINE joint complex, from which the objective findings were based. Procedure: Both groups were examined for trigger points within the Erector Spinae muscles and these trigger points were assessed, via an algometer, for spot tenderness. All horses were then examined for a cervical restriction of the upper cervical spine. Only the experiment group had the restriction corrected by a chiropractic manipulation and thereafter both groups were reassessed two minutes later, and then again two weeks later, via an algometer, for spot tenderness within the same trigger points. Results: Statistically significant changes were found when comparing the algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer readings after the adjustment on the right. Otherwise no statistically significant differences were found when comparing algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer readings after the adjustment on the left, or when comparing the algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer reading two weeks later bilaterally. Conclusion: The results were inconclusive with regards to immediate and prolonged effects of upper cervical spine manipulation, specifically C1, on pain tolerances over the erector spinae muscle. As this study was directed to a small group of subjects, accurate conclusions cannot be formulated due to the insignificant findings obtained from the study and further research needs to be performed on the effects of upper cervical spine manipulation on trigger points in horses. , Dr. Ashleigh Deall Dr. Alex Niven Dr. Chris Yelverton
- Full Text:
- Authors: Linden, Desere Jean
- Date: 2008-07-07T09:34:05Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Horses wounds and injuries , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10292 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/765
- Description: Purpose: Trigger points may occur when muscle is subject to direct trauma, sustained tension, fatigue, radiculopathy, joint dysfunction and emotional stress, which may cause aberrant nerve conduction and dysfunction of the motor neurons. Any of these factors may increase the possibility of overload stress to a muscle and may convert a latent trigger point to an active one. In humans, due to muscle attachments, spinal manipulation causes reflex relaxation of associated and distal musculature. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of upper cervical spine manipulation, specifically C1, on pain tolerance of trigger points over the erector spinae muscles in show-jumping horses. Method: This study consisted of two groups, the experimental and the control group, each consisting of ten horses. Potential candidates were examined and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The only method of treatment that was administered to each horse was chiropractic manipulation to the most restricted side of the UPPER CERVICAL SPINE joint complex, from which the objective findings were based. Procedure: Both groups were examined for trigger points within the Erector Spinae muscles and these trigger points were assessed, via an algometer, for spot tenderness. All horses were then examined for a cervical restriction of the upper cervical spine. Only the experiment group had the restriction corrected by a chiropractic manipulation and thereafter both groups were reassessed two minutes later, and then again two weeks later, via an algometer, for spot tenderness within the same trigger points. Results: Statistically significant changes were found when comparing the algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer readings after the adjustment on the right. Otherwise no statistically significant differences were found when comparing algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer readings after the adjustment on the left, or when comparing the algometer readings before the adjustment with the algometer reading two weeks later bilaterally. Conclusion: The results were inconclusive with regards to immediate and prolonged effects of upper cervical spine manipulation, specifically C1, on pain tolerances over the erector spinae muscle. As this study was directed to a small group of subjects, accurate conclusions cannot be formulated due to the insignificant findings obtained from the study and further research needs to be performed on the effects of upper cervical spine manipulation on trigger points in horses. , Dr. Ashleigh Deall Dr. Alex Niven Dr. Chris Yelverton
- Full Text:
The immediate effect of spinal adjustive therapy on joint position sense of the cervical spine
- Authors: Young, Charmaine
- Date: 2010-03-17T06:09:20Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Posture disorders , Proprioception
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6689 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3092
- Description: M. Tech. , There is still much to be learnt about proprioception and it’s role in postural control mechanisms. Joint position sense accuracy has been developed as a means to evaluate proprioception and extensive studies have been performed on patients with chronic neck pain. To date, there has been limited research that has been conducted on the various therapeutic modalities, which may affect joint position sense accuracy and proprioception. However, no research has been performed on patients who are asymptomatic, to determine the true effects of Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy on joint position sense accuracy and proprioception. Chiropractic Cervical adjustive techniques are delivered by hand and bring about neurophysiological change within the nervous system. It is not known exactly how long the effects of the Chiropractic adjustment lasts and it is only speculated that the shortterm effects are over a twenty minute period, as cavitation of the joint occurs (Gatterman, 2005; Herzog, 2000). The purpose of this research was to determine if Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy of the cervical spine could produce an immediate effect on joint position sense accuracy, in participants who were asymptomatic and only presenting with hypomobile joint dysfunction. A random sample of 60 participants, presenting with no history of pain, were assessed for hypomobile joint dysfunction. All participants underwent a full Case History, Pertinent Physical examination and a Regional Examination of the Cervical Spine. Each participant had to complete the Subject Information and Consent Form. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy and Group B received detuned ultrasound, and was therefore the control group. The cervical range of motion (CROM) device was placed on the participant’s head, aligned on the bridge of the nose and ears. It was secured, behind the head, by a velcro strap. The CROM device was also mounted with a laser beam device. This enabled objective readings to be recorded, as each participant performed the Cervicocephalic Kinesthetic Sensibility Test. The procedure required the participant to alternatively rotate their head to the left and then to the right, as objective readings was recorded. Readings were taken before treatment was administered and then again after treatment was administered. The pre-treatment scores and post-treatment scores between the two groups were compared, using the paired samples test. The objective analyses showed that Group A (adjustment group) showed better results in improved joint position accuracy, in comparison to Group B (control group). The preliminary findings of this study show that Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy has an immediate effect on joint position sense accuracy. This has major implications with respect to the vital role that Chiropractic cervical adjustments may have, on maintaining proprioceptive input and postural control mechanisms. The duration, by which Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy effects joint position sense accuracy is unknown and further investigation into this, is still required.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Young, Charmaine
- Date: 2010-03-17T06:09:20Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Posture disorders , Proprioception
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6689 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3092
- Description: M. Tech. , There is still much to be learnt about proprioception and it’s role in postural control mechanisms. Joint position sense accuracy has been developed as a means to evaluate proprioception and extensive studies have been performed on patients with chronic neck pain. To date, there has been limited research that has been conducted on the various therapeutic modalities, which may affect joint position sense accuracy and proprioception. However, no research has been performed on patients who are asymptomatic, to determine the true effects of Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy on joint position sense accuracy and proprioception. Chiropractic Cervical adjustive techniques are delivered by hand and bring about neurophysiological change within the nervous system. It is not known exactly how long the effects of the Chiropractic adjustment lasts and it is only speculated that the shortterm effects are over a twenty minute period, as cavitation of the joint occurs (Gatterman, 2005; Herzog, 2000). The purpose of this research was to determine if Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy of the cervical spine could produce an immediate effect on joint position sense accuracy, in participants who were asymptomatic and only presenting with hypomobile joint dysfunction. A random sample of 60 participants, presenting with no history of pain, were assessed for hypomobile joint dysfunction. All participants underwent a full Case History, Pertinent Physical examination and a Regional Examination of the Cervical Spine. Each participant had to complete the Subject Information and Consent Form. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy and Group B received detuned ultrasound, and was therefore the control group. The cervical range of motion (CROM) device was placed on the participant’s head, aligned on the bridge of the nose and ears. It was secured, behind the head, by a velcro strap. The CROM device was also mounted with a laser beam device. This enabled objective readings to be recorded, as each participant performed the Cervicocephalic Kinesthetic Sensibility Test. The procedure required the participant to alternatively rotate their head to the left and then to the right, as objective readings was recorded. Readings were taken before treatment was administered and then again after treatment was administered. The pre-treatment scores and post-treatment scores between the two groups were compared, using the paired samples test. The objective analyses showed that Group A (adjustment group) showed better results in improved joint position accuracy, in comparison to Group B (control group). The preliminary findings of this study show that Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy has an immediate effect on joint position sense accuracy. This has major implications with respect to the vital role that Chiropractic cervical adjustments may have, on maintaining proprioceptive input and postural control mechanisms. The duration, by which Chiropractic cervical adjustive therapy effects joint position sense accuracy is unknown and further investigation into this, is still required.
- Full Text:
Effectiveness of chiropractic treatment of chronic mechanical lower back pain in conjunction with the use of the Cory Knee cushion
- Authors: King, Bronwen Lynn
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Backache - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3657 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9042
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment of chronic lower back pain in conjunction with the use of the Cory knee cushion during sleep as compared with chiropractic treatment alone. The cushion is used in an attempt to improve sleeping posture. It was proposed that both treatment protocols would be effective, but that the combined therapy would show better results. An unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted. Patients responding to advertisements were recruited from the general population. Thirty patients who conformed to the specified criteria and delimitations were accepted into the study and placed randomly in one of two possible treatment groups. One group received chiropractic adjustments in conjunction with the use of the Cory knee cushion during sleep, the other received chiropractic adjustments alone. Comparisons were performed by means of objective (lumbar spine range of motion) and subjective (Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire, MCGiIl Pain Questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale) assessments over the eight-week treatment period, with comparisons made at treatments one, four, seven, nine and ten. The results were recorded and the data was statistically analysed using two-sample ttests, paired t-tests, sign rank tests and Mann-Whitney tests. The results indicated that there was a generalised improvement in both of the treatment groups in terms of lumbar spine range of motion and pain relief. While group one attained a better range for rotation after the month break, this was an isolated improvement. Under the circumstances of the research, neither group showed considerably superior results over the other, as there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Thus, the full benefit of sleeping with a cushion between the knees in an attempt to improve sleeping posture will need additional investigation in order to be of-use as an adjunct to chiropractic treatment.
- Full Text:
- Authors: King, Bronwen Lynn
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Backache - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3657 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9042
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment of chronic lower back pain in conjunction with the use of the Cory knee cushion during sleep as compared with chiropractic treatment alone. The cushion is used in an attempt to improve sleeping posture. It was proposed that both treatment protocols would be effective, but that the combined therapy would show better results. An unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted. Patients responding to advertisements were recruited from the general population. Thirty patients who conformed to the specified criteria and delimitations were accepted into the study and placed randomly in one of two possible treatment groups. One group received chiropractic adjustments in conjunction with the use of the Cory knee cushion during sleep, the other received chiropractic adjustments alone. Comparisons were performed by means of objective (lumbar spine range of motion) and subjective (Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire, MCGiIl Pain Questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale) assessments over the eight-week treatment period, with comparisons made at treatments one, four, seven, nine and ten. The results were recorded and the data was statistically analysed using two-sample ttests, paired t-tests, sign rank tests and Mann-Whitney tests. The results indicated that there was a generalised improvement in both of the treatment groups in terms of lumbar spine range of motion and pain relief. While group one attained a better range for rotation after the month break, this was an isolated improvement. Under the circumstances of the research, neither group showed considerably superior results over the other, as there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Thus, the full benefit of sleeping with a cushion between the knees in an attempt to improve sleeping posture will need additional investigation in order to be of-use as an adjunct to chiropractic treatment.
- Full Text:
The effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners
- Authors: Westermann, Lizl
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:53:15Z
- Subjects: Knee wounds and injuries , Running injuries , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7131 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3723
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was based on determining the effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners, to establish which the most effective treatment protocol was. The treatment protocols included: Chiropractic adjustive therapy delivered to the lumbar spine and pelvis, knee, and foot and ankle; dry needling and ultrasound applied to the affected iliotibial band; and a combination of these. All three treatment protocols included a rehabilitative stretching/strengthening program. Thirty participants were recruited and randomly divided into three groups of ten participants each. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 55 years and selected based on the inclusion criteria being met. Group one received Chiropractic adjustive therapy and rehabilitative exercises. Group two received dry needling and ultrasound, as well as rehabilitative exercises. Group three received a combination of Chiropractic adjustive therapy, dry needling, ultrasound, and rehabilitative exercises. Each participant received six treatment visits over a period of three weeks (twice per week). Measurements were taken on the first, third, and sixth visits. A case history, full physical examination, and regional examinations of the lumbar spine, pelvis, knee, foot and ankle were conducted at the first visit. Objective measurements included pressure algometer readings of two iliotibial band trigger points. Subjective measurements included the Visual Analogue Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The statistical data was analysed using the Friedman test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated overall that all three groups responded favourably to their specific treatment protocols. However, no v statistically significant differences were noted between the groups therefore indicating that all three groups commenced the study with similar pain scores and pain threshold levels and all three treatment protocols were equally effective in treating iliotibial band friction syndrome. In conclusion, it can be assumed that Chiropractic treatment would be the first choice of treatment, as it is a cost-effective, non-invasive treatment that is not too timely, and above all delivers good results.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Westermann, Lizl
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:53:15Z
- Subjects: Knee wounds and injuries , Running injuries , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7131 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3723
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was based on determining the effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners, to establish which the most effective treatment protocol was. The treatment protocols included: Chiropractic adjustive therapy delivered to the lumbar spine and pelvis, knee, and foot and ankle; dry needling and ultrasound applied to the affected iliotibial band; and a combination of these. All three treatment protocols included a rehabilitative stretching/strengthening program. Thirty participants were recruited and randomly divided into three groups of ten participants each. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 55 years and selected based on the inclusion criteria being met. Group one received Chiropractic adjustive therapy and rehabilitative exercises. Group two received dry needling and ultrasound, as well as rehabilitative exercises. Group three received a combination of Chiropractic adjustive therapy, dry needling, ultrasound, and rehabilitative exercises. Each participant received six treatment visits over a period of three weeks (twice per week). Measurements were taken on the first, third, and sixth visits. A case history, full physical examination, and regional examinations of the lumbar spine, pelvis, knee, foot and ankle were conducted at the first visit. Objective measurements included pressure algometer readings of two iliotibial band trigger points. Subjective measurements included the Visual Analogue Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The statistical data was analysed using the Friedman test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated overall that all three groups responded favourably to their specific treatment protocols. However, no v statistically significant differences were noted between the groups therefore indicating that all three groups commenced the study with similar pain scores and pain threshold levels and all three treatment protocols were equally effective in treating iliotibial band friction syndrome. In conclusion, it can be assumed that Chiropractic treatment would be the first choice of treatment, as it is a cost-effective, non-invasive treatment that is not too timely, and above all delivers good results.
- Full Text:
The effects of chiropractic adjustive therapy on lower back pain in South African Police Service operational mounted policemen in Gauteng
- Authors: Van Niekerk, Sheena
- Date: 2011-06-29T06:47:16Z
- Subjects: Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment , Mounted police - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7144 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3735
- Description: M.Tech. , This research study was conducted as an unblinded controlled pilot study. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of Chiropractic adjustive therapy on lower back pain in South African Police Service (SAPS) operational mounted policemen in Gauteng. The participants for this research where obtained from the Johannesburg, East Rand, Vaal Rand and Pretoria SAPS Mounted units. Only male participants were recruited and placed into one group where they received Chiropractic adjustive therapy to the restricted Lumbar and Sacroiliac joints. Thirty participants were treated 6 times over a 3-week period, which translated to 2 treatments per week. A two day follow-up visit (visit 7) was conducted to obtain only subjective and objective data, no treatment was administered. An important part of this study was that the duties of the participants continued as usual and were not stopped during this trial. Subjective data was collected using the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire. Objective data was collected using lumbar range of motion (with a Digital Inclinometer) in flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation. All data was collected during the 1st, 4th and 7th visits. Additional data was collected by enquiring about the saddle type and stirrup length that the participants used. The data collected was analysed using Maunchly and Greenhouse Tests for parametric tests and the Friedman and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests for the non-parametric tests. The results of this study concluded that Chiropractic adjustive therapy was effective in relieving or completely eliminating the lower back pain of the participants as well as increasing there lumbar spine range of motion.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Niekerk, Sheena
- Date: 2011-06-29T06:47:16Z
- Subjects: Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Chiropractic treatment , Mounted police - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7144 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3735
- Description: M.Tech. , This research study was conducted as an unblinded controlled pilot study. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of Chiropractic adjustive therapy on lower back pain in South African Police Service (SAPS) operational mounted policemen in Gauteng. The participants for this research where obtained from the Johannesburg, East Rand, Vaal Rand and Pretoria SAPS Mounted units. Only male participants were recruited and placed into one group where they received Chiropractic adjustive therapy to the restricted Lumbar and Sacroiliac joints. Thirty participants were treated 6 times over a 3-week period, which translated to 2 treatments per week. A two day follow-up visit (visit 7) was conducted to obtain only subjective and objective data, no treatment was administered. An important part of this study was that the duties of the participants continued as usual and were not stopped during this trial. Subjective data was collected using the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire. Objective data was collected using lumbar range of motion (with a Digital Inclinometer) in flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation. All data was collected during the 1st, 4th and 7th visits. Additional data was collected by enquiring about the saddle type and stirrup length that the participants used. The data collected was analysed using Maunchly and Greenhouse Tests for parametric tests and the Friedman and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests for the non-parametric tests. The results of this study concluded that Chiropractic adjustive therapy was effective in relieving or completely eliminating the lower back pain of the participants as well as increasing there lumbar spine range of motion.
- Full Text:
Comparison of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the cervical spine versus the effect of taking regular breaks and detuned ultrasound on computer key strike error in adolescents
- Authors: Williamson, Dennae
- Date: 2010-03-31T07:07:05Z
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6726 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3129
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cervical spine Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy (CAT), detuned ultrasound and ergonomic training on the typing accuracy of adolescents. By improving range of motion of the cervical spine, function of cervical spinal segmental units and education in ergonomics, it could allow for improved upper limb proprioception and thus improved accuracy while typing. DESIGN: Forty five subjects from Marian College, aged between 16 years and 19 years old, agreed to take part in the study. Participants were allocated to one of three groups. Two of these groups were experimental groups, one was a control group. In Group 1, participants were treated over 3 weeks with CMT of restricted segments of the cervical spine, as was determined by motion palpation of the cervical spine. Participants in Group 2 were assessed for restrictions of the cervical spine, as determined by motion palpation, and detuned ultrasound was administered as a placebo. This was the control group. In Group 3, participants were issued with an ergonomically designed computer program which was installed into their personal computers and ran for the same duration as what treatment was administered i.e. 3 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were asked to copy a document, provided by the school, once before treatment and once after treatment. Using a computer program designed by physiotherapist David Meyerowitz, ‘Ergocore’ calculated the number of errors made by each participant by counting the amount of times the participants struck the ‘delete’ and ‘backspace’ keys on the keyboard. Further subjective measurements that were taken were the participants’ opinions on personal fatigue, performance and concentration levels. These too, were obtained once before and once after treatment was administered. CONCLUSION: Patients in Group 1(Adjusting Group) made fewer errors than those of Group 2 (Detuned Ultrasound/Control Group) and Group 3 (Ergocore Group). The improvement of key-strike errors obtained post – treatment however, were not large enough to warrant statistical significance. The results of this study ‘show’ a trend toward the benefit of cervical spine CAT to key-strike accuracy, and further investigation would not only be possible, but also beneficial to the profession as well as to the adolescent community to not only prevent potential damage to a developing spine, but also to improve performance in an occupational setting.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Williamson, Dennae
- Date: 2010-03-31T07:07:05Z
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6726 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3129
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cervical spine Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy (CAT), detuned ultrasound and ergonomic training on the typing accuracy of adolescents. By improving range of motion of the cervical spine, function of cervical spinal segmental units and education in ergonomics, it could allow for improved upper limb proprioception and thus improved accuracy while typing. DESIGN: Forty five subjects from Marian College, aged between 16 years and 19 years old, agreed to take part in the study. Participants were allocated to one of three groups. Two of these groups were experimental groups, one was a control group. In Group 1, participants were treated over 3 weeks with CMT of restricted segments of the cervical spine, as was determined by motion palpation of the cervical spine. Participants in Group 2 were assessed for restrictions of the cervical spine, as determined by motion palpation, and detuned ultrasound was administered as a placebo. This was the control group. In Group 3, participants were issued with an ergonomically designed computer program which was installed into their personal computers and ran for the same duration as what treatment was administered i.e. 3 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were asked to copy a document, provided by the school, once before treatment and once after treatment. Using a computer program designed by physiotherapist David Meyerowitz, ‘Ergocore’ calculated the number of errors made by each participant by counting the amount of times the participants struck the ‘delete’ and ‘backspace’ keys on the keyboard. Further subjective measurements that were taken were the participants’ opinions on personal fatigue, performance and concentration levels. These too, were obtained once before and once after treatment was administered. CONCLUSION: Patients in Group 1(Adjusting Group) made fewer errors than those of Group 2 (Detuned Ultrasound/Control Group) and Group 3 (Ergocore Group). The improvement of key-strike errors obtained post – treatment however, were not large enough to warrant statistical significance. The results of this study ‘show’ a trend toward the benefit of cervical spine CAT to key-strike accuracy, and further investigation would not only be possible, but also beneficial to the profession as well as to the adolescent community to not only prevent potential damage to a developing spine, but also to improve performance in an occupational setting.
- Full Text:
The efficacy of chiropractic care in the treatment of chronic low back pain utilizing spinal manipulation and manipulation of the foot
- Authors: Knapp, Charlotte
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Chronic low back pain , Spinal manipulation
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3656 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9041
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of the lumbar spine manipulation versus the foot manipulation/mobilisation for people suffering with chronic low back pain. This research aims to compare the effects of lumbar spine manipulation alone, foot manipulatioil/mobilisation alone or the combination of the two in people suffering with chronic low back pain. Candidates for the study were recruited from the local surrounding area, and through information pamphlets distributed through the Technikon Witwatersrand Doornfontein. The candidates were asked to participate in the study, which was held at the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic day clinic. Only -those candidates that conformed to the selection criteria were allowed to participate in the study. The candidates were assigned to one of three groups. Eac.h group had ten candidates. Group 1 received lumbar spine manipulation alone. Group 2 received foot manipulation/mobilisation alone. Group 3 candidates received lumbar spine manipulation and foot manipulatioil/mobilisation. Subjective data was collected using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 and the Oswestry Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire. Objective data was collected using the electronic inclinometer to measure lumbar spine range of motion in flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion and right and left anterior rotation. The paired Hest was used for statistical analysis, where a statistically significant difference was found; the Student-Newman-Keuls test was performed to identify which statistically significant difference between the groups was found. The results of this study indicate that lumbar spine manipulation alone would appear to have responded better in terms of lumbar spine range ofmotion...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Knapp, Charlotte
- Date: 2014-02-05
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Chronic low back pain , Spinal manipulation
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3656 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9041
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , This study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of the lumbar spine manipulation versus the foot manipulation/mobilisation for people suffering with chronic low back pain. This research aims to compare the effects of lumbar spine manipulation alone, foot manipulatioil/mobilisation alone or the combination of the two in people suffering with chronic low back pain. Candidates for the study were recruited from the local surrounding area, and through information pamphlets distributed through the Technikon Witwatersrand Doornfontein. The candidates were asked to participate in the study, which was held at the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic day clinic. Only -those candidates that conformed to the selection criteria were allowed to participate in the study. The candidates were assigned to one of three groups. Eac.h group had ten candidates. Group 1 received lumbar spine manipulation alone. Group 2 received foot manipulation/mobilisation alone. Group 3 candidates received lumbar spine manipulation and foot manipulatioil/mobilisation. Subjective data was collected using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 and the Oswestry Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire. Objective data was collected using the electronic inclinometer to measure lumbar spine range of motion in flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion and right and left anterior rotation. The paired Hest was used for statistical analysis, where a statistically significant difference was found; the Student-Newman-Keuls test was performed to identify which statistically significant difference between the groups was found. The results of this study indicate that lumbar spine manipulation alone would appear to have responded better in terms of lumbar spine range ofmotion...
- Full Text:
The effects of pre-event chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy on vertical jump and the t-test of asymptomatic active sports people
- Oosthuizen, Barend Gert Dewet
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Barend Gert Dewet
- Date: 2011-07-04T08:03:41Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Muscle strength testing , Athletic ability testing
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7165 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3773
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: To determine the effect of Chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy (SAT) of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints on performance utilising indicators such as vertical jump height and T-test time of moderate to highly active sport participants. It has been suggested that a dysfunctional vertebral subluxation complex can cause a decrease in performance. The decreased performance may be due to dysfunctional biomechanics and altered neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints. Methods: A randomised study design with thirty asymptomatic male subjects, which were moderate to highly active as indicated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), participated in this study. Participants were divided into two equal groups, group A (n=15) received Chiropractic SAT of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, group B (n=15) were rested for five minutes. The study design consisted of six consultations, with intervention being applied at each consultation between objective measurements. Objective data was obtained by the vertical jump test and T-test which determined participant’s explosive power and agility respectively. Objective data was obtained before and after intervention on each of the six consultations. The immediate effect of intervention was represented by the before versus the after measurements of consultations. The short term effect was represented by comparing the before values of consultation one (baseline) to consultation six. Results: The objective results showed that there was a short term and immediate improvement in vertical jump height and T-test time of both groups. With vertical jump height group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 3.845 cm (7%) and a short term mean improvement of 0.74 cm (1%); group B showed an immediate mean improvement of 1.6 cm (3%) and a short term mean improvement of 1.47 cm (3%). With the T-test time group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 0.433 s (4%) and a short term mean improvement v of 0.673 (6%); group B showed a immediate mean improvement of 0.1745 s (2%) and a short term mean improvement of 0.6 s (5%). Conclusion: Although results obtained were not statistically significant (p>0.05), it demonstrated from a clinical perspective that interventions caused an improvement in jump height and T-test time in both groups. Group A showed a greater improvement in every aspect, except in the short term effect of Chiropractic SAT on vertical jump height. It is therefore postulated that improvements noted were as a result of the adjustment providing an enhanced biomechanical and neurological advantage, and therefore in performance indicators such as the vertical jump test and T-test in the participants.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Barend Gert Dewet
- Date: 2011-07-04T08:03:41Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Muscle strength testing , Athletic ability testing
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7165 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3773
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: To determine the effect of Chiropractic spinal adjustive therapy (SAT) of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints on performance utilising indicators such as vertical jump height and T-test time of moderate to highly active sport participants. It has been suggested that a dysfunctional vertebral subluxation complex can cause a decrease in performance. The decreased performance may be due to dysfunctional biomechanics and altered neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints. Methods: A randomised study design with thirty asymptomatic male subjects, which were moderate to highly active as indicated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), participated in this study. Participants were divided into two equal groups, group A (n=15) received Chiropractic SAT of the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints, group B (n=15) were rested for five minutes. The study design consisted of six consultations, with intervention being applied at each consultation between objective measurements. Objective data was obtained by the vertical jump test and T-test which determined participant’s explosive power and agility respectively. Objective data was obtained before and after intervention on each of the six consultations. The immediate effect of intervention was represented by the before versus the after measurements of consultations. The short term effect was represented by comparing the before values of consultation one (baseline) to consultation six. Results: The objective results showed that there was a short term and immediate improvement in vertical jump height and T-test time of both groups. With vertical jump height group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 3.845 cm (7%) and a short term mean improvement of 0.74 cm (1%); group B showed an immediate mean improvement of 1.6 cm (3%) and a short term mean improvement of 1.47 cm (3%). With the T-test time group A showed an immediate mean improvement of 0.433 s (4%) and a short term mean improvement v of 0.673 (6%); group B showed a immediate mean improvement of 0.1745 s (2%) and a short term mean improvement of 0.6 s (5%). Conclusion: Although results obtained were not statistically significant (p>0.05), it demonstrated from a clinical perspective that interventions caused an improvement in jump height and T-test time in both groups. Group A showed a greater improvement in every aspect, except in the short term effect of Chiropractic SAT on vertical jump height. It is therefore postulated that improvements noted were as a result of the adjustment providing an enhanced biomechanical and neurological advantage, and therefore in performance indicators such as the vertical jump test and T-test in the participants.
- Full Text:
The effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy on the contractile strength of the hamstring muscle group in professional soccer players
- Authors: Dhlamini, Vusumuzi Godfrey
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:50:35Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Soccer injuries , Hamstring muscle wounds and injuries
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7124 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3717
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: In soccer the re-injury rate of Hamstring muscle strains is between 12 and 14 percent. A previous or recent Hamstring injury is the most recognised risk factor for future injury. On recurrence of the injury, it tends to be more severe and disabling than the initial injury. Given the high recurrence rates, Hamstring injuries provide a significant challenge to the treating clinician. Knowledge surrounding optimal treatment and preventative measures is therefore critical (Hoskins and Pollard 2005). The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of lower lumbar spine segment adjustment, namely the L4/5 spinal level, in the contractile strength of the Hamstring muscle group in professional soccer players that have a history of a Hamstring strain. Design: Forty professional soccer players between the ages of 15 and 34 years with a history of a grade one or grade two Hamstring strain were considered for this study. Participants in this research were obtained from the University of Johannesburg inter-residence players and from the University of Johannesburg first soccer team. Two groups of twenty players were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group A received spinal adjustive therapy (SAT) to the L4/5 spinal segment with an ultrasound treatment to their Hamstring muscle group and Group B will receive only the ultrasound treatment to the hamstring muscle group. Each participant was treated five times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: Before any intervention was given to either of the groups, Hamstring muscle contractile strength was first recorded using a Cybex system 2000. Hamstring contractile muscle strength measurements were taken again after the fifth treatment for both groups and compared to ascertain if there had been any change in the contractile strength of the Hamstring muscles. Results and Conclusion: Even though the two groups did not start at the same contractile strength for the Hamstring muscle in knee flexion, as measured a CCybex system 2000 possibly due to the selection criteria used in the study in terms of age and body weight of the participants, results showed that spinal adjustive therapy was more effective in improving the muscle contractile strength of the Hamstring muscle in knee flexion since there was a favourable difference in both Group A and Group B following intervention, but more so in Group A (in the once injured leg) which received spinal adjustive therapy due to a greater increase in the overall muscle contraction in the Hamstring muscle group. For the Chiropractic profession this opens huge potential with regards to the Chiropractic benefits and improving the functioning of professional soccer players.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dhlamini, Vusumuzi Godfrey
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:50:35Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment , Soccer injuries , Hamstring muscle wounds and injuries
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7124 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3717
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: In soccer the re-injury rate of Hamstring muscle strains is between 12 and 14 percent. A previous or recent Hamstring injury is the most recognised risk factor for future injury. On recurrence of the injury, it tends to be more severe and disabling than the initial injury. Given the high recurrence rates, Hamstring injuries provide a significant challenge to the treating clinician. Knowledge surrounding optimal treatment and preventative measures is therefore critical (Hoskins and Pollard 2005). The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of lower lumbar spine segment adjustment, namely the L4/5 spinal level, in the contractile strength of the Hamstring muscle group in professional soccer players that have a history of a Hamstring strain. Design: Forty professional soccer players between the ages of 15 and 34 years with a history of a grade one or grade two Hamstring strain were considered for this study. Participants in this research were obtained from the University of Johannesburg inter-residence players and from the University of Johannesburg first soccer team. Two groups of twenty players were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group A received spinal adjustive therapy (SAT) to the L4/5 spinal segment with an ultrasound treatment to their Hamstring muscle group and Group B will receive only the ultrasound treatment to the hamstring muscle group. Each participant was treated five times over a period of three weeks. Measurements: Before any intervention was given to either of the groups, Hamstring muscle contractile strength was first recorded using a Cybex system 2000. Hamstring contractile muscle strength measurements were taken again after the fifth treatment for both groups and compared to ascertain if there had been any change in the contractile strength of the Hamstring muscles. Results and Conclusion: Even though the two groups did not start at the same contractile strength for the Hamstring muscle in knee flexion, as measured a CCybex system 2000 possibly due to the selection criteria used in the study in terms of age and body weight of the participants, results showed that spinal adjustive therapy was more effective in improving the muscle contractile strength of the Hamstring muscle in knee flexion since there was a favourable difference in both Group A and Group B following intervention, but more so in Group A (in the once injured leg) which received spinal adjustive therapy due to a greater increase in the overall muscle contraction in the Hamstring muscle group. For the Chiropractic profession this opens huge potential with regards to the Chiropractic benefits and improving the functioning of professional soccer players.
- Full Text:
An inter-examiner reliability study in the location of the second sacral spinous process
- Authors: Singh, Jessica
- Date: 2012-08-01
- Subjects: Palpation , Chiropractic treatment , Musculoskeletal complaints - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8926 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5396
- Description: M.Tech. , In order to diagnose and treat a patient with a musculoskeletal complaint, a manual medical practitioner relies upon clinical palpatory skills (O'Haire and Gibbons, 2000). To compare palpatory findings between spinal levels and across treatment sessions, Chiropractors must be able to locate individual vertebral levels accurately and reliably (McKenzie and Taylor, 1997). There have been reports that the use of landmark palpation to locate spinal levels is of questionable reliability (Burton, Edwards and Sykes, 1990, Simmonds and Kumar, 1993). The most accepted method of identifying the second sacral spinous process is by using an accepted landmark known as the Posterior Superior Iliac Spines (PSIS). The PSIS lies about 4cm lateral to the second spinous tubercle of the sacrum (Williams and Warwick, 1980). However, in a search of published work, no evidence could be found of any study which established these generally accepted statements (Stonelake, 1983). This was an inter-examiner reliability study aimed to determine whether palpation of the PSIS was a reliable and accurate method of determining the location of the second sacral spinous process (S2) in participants experiencing lumbosacral joint dysfunction. Thirty participants were marked by three examiners in the prone position using the PSIS to locate S2. An x-ray was taken of each participant in the prone position, after being marked by all three examiners. Measurements were then made on the x-rays to assess the location of the markers on the sacral anatomy.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Singh, Jessica
- Date: 2012-08-01
- Subjects: Palpation , Chiropractic treatment , Musculoskeletal complaints - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8926 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5396
- Description: M.Tech. , In order to diagnose and treat a patient with a musculoskeletal complaint, a manual medical practitioner relies upon clinical palpatory skills (O'Haire and Gibbons, 2000). To compare palpatory findings between spinal levels and across treatment sessions, Chiropractors must be able to locate individual vertebral levels accurately and reliably (McKenzie and Taylor, 1997). There have been reports that the use of landmark palpation to locate spinal levels is of questionable reliability (Burton, Edwards and Sykes, 1990, Simmonds and Kumar, 1993). The most accepted method of identifying the second sacral spinous process is by using an accepted landmark known as the Posterior Superior Iliac Spines (PSIS). The PSIS lies about 4cm lateral to the second spinous tubercle of the sacrum (Williams and Warwick, 1980). However, in a search of published work, no evidence could be found of any study which established these generally accepted statements (Stonelake, 1983). This was an inter-examiner reliability study aimed to determine whether palpation of the PSIS was a reliable and accurate method of determining the location of the second sacral spinous process (S2) in participants experiencing lumbosacral joint dysfunction. Thirty participants were marked by three examiners in the prone position using the PSIS to locate S2. An x-ray was taken of each participant in the prone position, after being marked by all three examiners. Measurements were then made on the x-rays to assess the location of the markers on the sacral anatomy.
- Full Text: