The immediate effect of spinal manipulative therapy on movement time
- Authors: Berry, Hannah Morna
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Motor ability , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124354 , uj:20906
- Description: Abstract: Aim: The primary aim of this study was to explore the immediate effect that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) had on a predefined motor task by measuring the time it took to complete a motor task in asymptomatic individuals, or by assessing the movement time (MT). Movement time is measured using Fitts’ Law. This study also focused on assessing if there was any specific region receiving spinal manipulative therapy that yielded greater results. Method: A total of 100 participants volunteered for this study. There were 52 female participants and 48 male participants that were selected. The participants were between the ages of 18 and 40 years of age. The participants were screened by means of an inclusion and exclusion criteria and those who were eligible, were invited to take part in the study. The participants were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 groups. Each group therefore consisted of 25 participants. Group 1 was the combination group and received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacroiliac regions. Group 2 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical spine only. Group 3 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the thoracic region and the 4th and final group received SMT to dysfunctional segments located within the lumbar and or sacroiliac regions. Procedure: Due to the nature of the study design, the participants were only required for a single treatment. The participants were required to complete two objective tests, namely the Fitts’ Tapping Task (FTT) and the Generalised Fitts’ Law Model Builder (GFLMB), before any treatment was administered. The researcher then manipulated the dysfunctional vertebral segments that was assessed via motion palpation to the various regions according to each participant’s specific group. The participants were then required to redo the two tests immediately again following treatment... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Berry, Hannah Morna
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Motor ability , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124354 , uj:20906
- Description: Abstract: Aim: The primary aim of this study was to explore the immediate effect that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) had on a predefined motor task by measuring the time it took to complete a motor task in asymptomatic individuals, or by assessing the movement time (MT). Movement time is measured using Fitts’ Law. This study also focused on assessing if there was any specific region receiving spinal manipulative therapy that yielded greater results. Method: A total of 100 participants volunteered for this study. There were 52 female participants and 48 male participants that were selected. The participants were between the ages of 18 and 40 years of age. The participants were screened by means of an inclusion and exclusion criteria and those who were eligible, were invited to take part in the study. The participants were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 groups. Each group therefore consisted of 25 participants. Group 1 was the combination group and received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacroiliac regions. Group 2 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical spine only. Group 3 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the thoracic region and the 4th and final group received SMT to dysfunctional segments located within the lumbar and or sacroiliac regions. Procedure: Due to the nature of the study design, the participants were only required for a single treatment. The participants were required to complete two objective tests, namely the Fitts’ Tapping Task (FTT) and the Generalised Fitts’ Law Model Builder (GFLMB), before any treatment was administered. The researcher then manipulated the dysfunctional vertebral segments that was assessed via motion palpation to the various regions according to each participant’s specific group. The participants were then required to redo the two tests immediately again following treatment... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers
- Authors: Berry, Rebecca Ann
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic , Rowers - Health and hygiene , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226655 , uj:22922
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers. Method: Thirty participants, both males and females, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were separated into two groups of fifteen. Both groups had an equal ratio of eight males and seven females. Group one received spinal manipulative therapy to the lumbar-pelvic region where motion restrictions were located. Group one received three treatments per week for two weeks. Group two did not receive any treatment for the duration of the research study. Both Groups one and two underwent the same data capturing at the first, fourth and seventh consultation. Data capturing consisted of a range of motion assessment while the participant was seated on the ergometer and holding on the handle bar. Flexion and extension of the lumbar-pelvic region were both measured with full extension of the knees. Following range of motion assessment, the average watts was measured by each participant completing a 1000 meter ergometer trial, maintaining the stroke rate between 22 and 24 strokes per minute. Results: The study revealed no statistical significance with intergroup analysis for both the digital inclinometer and ergometer. Intragroup group analysis of Group one revealed a statistically significant increase in power output between the first and fourth consult and between the fourth and seventh consultation. Intragroup analysis of the range of motion data for Group one as well as range of motion and ergometer data for Group two revealed no statistical significance. An overall clinical analysis for the two groups revealed that Group one, the group receiving spinal manipulative therapy, made a drastic improvement in both the range of motion and power output. Group two remained at a relatively plateau level for both range of motion and power output. Conclusion: Although the study revealed no statistical significance when comparing the groups to one another, there was a significant improvement in the power output of Group one, the group that received spinal manipulative therapy. Group one increased in flexion, extension as well as average power output. Group two had a minimal decrease in flexion and extension and a minimal increase in power output. In order to make a definitive conclusion on the effect of spinal manipulative therapy on power output, further research is needed.
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- Authors: Berry, Rebecca Ann
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic , Rowers - Health and hygiene , Muscle strength
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226655 , uj:22922
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers. Method: Thirty participants, both males and females, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were separated into two groups of fifteen. Both groups had an equal ratio of eight males and seven females. Group one received spinal manipulative therapy to the lumbar-pelvic region where motion restrictions were located. Group one received three treatments per week for two weeks. Group two did not receive any treatment for the duration of the research study. Both Groups one and two underwent the same data capturing at the first, fourth and seventh consultation. Data capturing consisted of a range of motion assessment while the participant was seated on the ergometer and holding on the handle bar. Flexion and extension of the lumbar-pelvic region were both measured with full extension of the knees. Following range of motion assessment, the average watts was measured by each participant completing a 1000 meter ergometer trial, maintaining the stroke rate between 22 and 24 strokes per minute. Results: The study revealed no statistical significance with intergroup analysis for both the digital inclinometer and ergometer. Intragroup group analysis of Group one revealed a statistically significant increase in power output between the first and fourth consult and between the fourth and seventh consultation. Intragroup analysis of the range of motion data for Group one as well as range of motion and ergometer data for Group two revealed no statistical significance. An overall clinical analysis for the two groups revealed that Group one, the group receiving spinal manipulative therapy, made a drastic improvement in both the range of motion and power output. Group two remained at a relatively plateau level for both range of motion and power output. Conclusion: Although the study revealed no statistical significance when comparing the groups to one another, there was a significant improvement in the power output of Group one, the group that received spinal manipulative therapy. Group one increased in flexion, extension as well as average power output. Group two had a minimal decrease in flexion and extension and a minimal increase in power output. In order to make a definitive conclusion on the effect of spinal manipulative therapy on power output, further research is needed.
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A case series describing the effect of thoracic manipulation on qEEG
- Authors: Bhamjee, Saeedah
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography , Relaxation
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268677 , uj:28524
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the effect of chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine on brain quantitative electro encephalogram (qEEG) readings. Method: A descriptive design following a case series approach was used to record changes in qEEG readings before and after a chiropractic manipulation. The study took place at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus, in the Chiropractic clinic. The study comprised of 10 participants with thoracic motion restrictions. The brainwave activity of each participant was measured and recorded using the qEEG. A pre- manipulation reading was taken, which comprised of the measurement of the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed. A post-manipulation reading was taken immediately after, also measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. Thirty minutes later a second post manipulation reading was taken, measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. The data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, delta, theta, alpha and beta. The results were analysed and described to find the relationship between the manipulation and the different areas of the brain with its associated brain wave activity. Results: Changes of particular interest were found across all three lobes. Alpha and delta wave changes in the parietal lobe were indicative of a relaxed and reflective state in participants. Changes in the delta and beta waves in the temporal and frontal lobe also showed the manipulations potential to increase the relaxed state in participants. Although, it should be noted that throughout the trial participants were in lying down in a quiet and un-stimulatory environment, which may also have contributed to the changes demonstrated. Conclusion: This study fully describes 10 participants and the manipulation effect on qEEG. Based on the results, chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine does have an effect on qEEG readings. However the motivation behind the results remain inconclusive. A larger group of participants are needed and the variables need to be more controlled to make a definite conclusion and allow for statistical analysis.
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- Authors: Bhamjee, Saeedah
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography , Relaxation
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268677 , uj:28524
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the effect of chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine on brain quantitative electro encephalogram (qEEG) readings. Method: A descriptive design following a case series approach was used to record changes in qEEG readings before and after a chiropractic manipulation. The study took place at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus, in the Chiropractic clinic. The study comprised of 10 participants with thoracic motion restrictions. The brainwave activity of each participant was measured and recorded using the qEEG. A pre- manipulation reading was taken, which comprised of the measurement of the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed. A post-manipulation reading was taken immediately after, also measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. Thirty minutes later a second post manipulation reading was taken, measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. The data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, delta, theta, alpha and beta. The results were analysed and described to find the relationship between the manipulation and the different areas of the brain with its associated brain wave activity. Results: Changes of particular interest were found across all three lobes. Alpha and delta wave changes in the parietal lobe were indicative of a relaxed and reflective state in participants. Changes in the delta and beta waves in the temporal and frontal lobe also showed the manipulations potential to increase the relaxed state in participants. Although, it should be noted that throughout the trial participants were in lying down in a quiet and un-stimulatory environment, which may also have contributed to the changes demonstrated. Conclusion: This study fully describes 10 participants and the manipulation effect on qEEG. Based on the results, chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine does have an effect on qEEG readings. However the motivation behind the results remain inconclusive. A larger group of participants are needed and the variables need to be more controlled to make a definite conclusion and allow for statistical analysis.
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Chiropractic adjustive therapy on sprint time and vertical jump height in rugby players
- Authors: Conradie, Érnsl
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Muscles - Motility , Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Rugby football - Physiological aspects , Rugby football players - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9914
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: To determine the effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints on performance indicators such as sprint times and vertical jump height in asymptomatic, moderate-to-highly-active rugby players. Any dysfunction in the spine can affect biomechanics; neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, as well as the surrounding muscles, and can therefore decrease performance. Methods: The study involved 60 asymptomatic male participants who were moderate-to-highly-active individuals as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The 60 participants were divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n=30) received chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and the control group (n=30) rested for five minutes. The study design was based on the once-off model. The objective data used in the study was obtained by the vertical jump height test and the 30-metre sprint speed test. These tests were used to test the participants‟ explosive power and speed, and were obtained before and after the intervention. The immediate effect was obtained by comparing the measurements of the performance indicators before and after the intervention. Results: The objective results showed that there were improvements in vertical jump height for both the forwards and the backs (rugby players) in the experimental group. Following the chiropractic adjustment, the forwards increased their vertical jump heights by 0.007m (0.5050m-0.4980m) and the backs by 0.017m (0.5245m-0.5075m). In the control group, the forwards jumped 0.01m (0.5071m-0.4971m) lower than before the five-minute rest, and the backs jumped 0.0053m higher (0.5396m-0.5343m). In the sprint speed test, both the forwards and the backs in both the experimental and the control groups performed better when they completed the indicators after the interventions. The forwards in the experimental group ran 0.146s (4.8050s-4.6590s) faster, while the backs ran 0.1055s (4.6040s-4.4985s) faster. In the control group, the forwards ran 0.1358s (5.0329s-4.8971s) faster, while the backs ran 0.0474s (4.6961s-4.6487s) faster. vii Conclusion: In the experimental group, the results demonstrated performance improvements in both the vertical jump height test and the sprint speed test for the forwards as well as the backs. In the control group, the backs performed better in the vertical jump height and the sprint speed test, while the forwards in the control group performed better in the vertical jump height test and worse in the sprint speed test. The improvements in the experimental group occurred for both the forwards and the backs, and were greater than for the control group. It can therefore be suggested that the improvements noted were as a result of the chiropractic adjustments having provided a biomechanical advantage.
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- Authors: Conradie, Érnsl
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Muscles - Motility , Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Rugby football - Physiological aspects , Rugby football players - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9914
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: To determine the effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints on performance indicators such as sprint times and vertical jump height in asymptomatic, moderate-to-highly-active rugby players. Any dysfunction in the spine can affect biomechanics; neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, as well as the surrounding muscles, and can therefore decrease performance. Methods: The study involved 60 asymptomatic male participants who were moderate-to-highly-active individuals as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The 60 participants were divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n=30) received chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and the control group (n=30) rested for five minutes. The study design was based on the once-off model. The objective data used in the study was obtained by the vertical jump height test and the 30-metre sprint speed test. These tests were used to test the participants‟ explosive power and speed, and were obtained before and after the intervention. The immediate effect was obtained by comparing the measurements of the performance indicators before and after the intervention. Results: The objective results showed that there were improvements in vertical jump height for both the forwards and the backs (rugby players) in the experimental group. Following the chiropractic adjustment, the forwards increased their vertical jump heights by 0.007m (0.5050m-0.4980m) and the backs by 0.017m (0.5245m-0.5075m). In the control group, the forwards jumped 0.01m (0.5071m-0.4971m) lower than before the five-minute rest, and the backs jumped 0.0053m higher (0.5396m-0.5343m). In the sprint speed test, both the forwards and the backs in both the experimental and the control groups performed better when they completed the indicators after the interventions. The forwards in the experimental group ran 0.146s (4.8050s-4.6590s) faster, while the backs ran 0.1055s (4.6040s-4.4985s) faster. In the control group, the forwards ran 0.1358s (5.0329s-4.8971s) faster, while the backs ran 0.0474s (4.6961s-4.6487s) faster. vii Conclusion: In the experimental group, the results demonstrated performance improvements in both the vertical jump height test and the sprint speed test for the forwards as well as the backs. In the control group, the backs performed better in the vertical jump height and the sprint speed test, while the forwards in the control group performed better in the vertical jump height test and worse in the sprint speed test. The improvements in the experimental group occurred for both the forwards and the backs, and were greater than for the control group. It can therefore be suggested that the improvements noted were as a result of the chiropractic adjustments having provided a biomechanical advantage.
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The effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis
- De Bruyn, Cornelius Johannes
- Authors: De Bruyn, Cornelius Johannes
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sinusitis - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Ultrasonics in medicine , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226484 , uj:22900
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis. Method: Thirty participants who suffered from chronic sinusitis as indicated by the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, participated in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Group 1 received upper cervical manipulative therapy. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses as well as upper cervical manipulative therapy. The study consisted of seven consultations over a three week period, with intervention on the first six consultations and subjective as well as objective data obtained at the first, fourth and seventh consultations. The intervention for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any restriction in the upper cervical spine. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of both cervical manipulative therapy as well as ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Results: The subjective data had a positive average improvement of 74.9 % for Group 1, 68.9 % for Group 2 and 73 % for Group 3. The objective data had a positive average improvement of 34 % for Group 1, 21.9 % for Group 2 and 29.1 % for Group 3. Conclusion: This research thus proved that ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof did benefit participants with chronic sinusitis. Participants had to receive all six treatments to experience a significant difference in their signs and symptoms...
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- Authors: De Bruyn, Cornelius Johannes
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sinusitis - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Ultrasonics in medicine , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226484 , uj:22900
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis. Method: Thirty participants who suffered from chronic sinusitis as indicated by the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, participated in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Group 1 received upper cervical manipulative therapy. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses as well as upper cervical manipulative therapy. The study consisted of seven consultations over a three week period, with intervention on the first six consultations and subjective as well as objective data obtained at the first, fourth and seventh consultations. The intervention for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any restriction in the upper cervical spine. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of both cervical manipulative therapy as well as ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Results: The subjective data had a positive average improvement of 74.9 % for Group 1, 68.9 % for Group 2 and 73 % for Group 3. The objective data had a positive average improvement of 34 % for Group 1, 21.9 % for Group 2 and 29.1 % for Group 3. Conclusion: This research thus proved that ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof did benefit participants with chronic sinusitis. Participants had to receive all six treatments to experience a significant difference in their signs and symptoms...
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A case series describing the effect of lumbar manipulation on qEEG
- Du Plessis, Pieter Hermanus Olivier
- Authors: Du Plessis, Pieter Hermanus Olivier
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268590 , uj:28514
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to compile a case series describing whether or not chiropractic manipulation delivered to lumbar spine motion restrictions have any recognisable effect on quantitative electroencephalogram readings. Method: A descriptive case series method was chosen for this study. The study took place at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus, in the Chiropractic day clinic. The study consisted of 10 participants with lumbar spine motion restrictions. The electroencephalogram was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and closed, before any lumbar manipulation was given. Post-manipulation, two measurements were taken, one while the participants’ eyes were open and one while the participants’ eyes were closed. The first measurement took place immediately after the manipulation, and the second measurement took place 30 minutes later. It was decided to simplify the quantitative electroencephalogram data to eyes open only, and the data was converted into mean values of the theta and beta brain waves. A change was described in the quantitative electroencephalogram readings following chiropractic manipulation for each individual participant, as well as during observation of the group average results. Results: After investigating the results, the brain waves showed distinct changes across all three lobes in all 10 participants. Typically there was either an increase or decrease immediately post manipulation. The majority of measurements across all lobes were higher than the initial baseline values 30 minutes post manipulation. Theta wave activity across the frontal and temporal lobes showed the same decrease-increase trend possibly due to the after-effect mechanism caused by lumbar manipulation. The largest increase in theta activity took place in the frontal lobe 30 minutes post manipulation. The most significant increase trend of the beta waves also took place in the frontal lobe, possibly due to the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the temporal and parietal association areas. The trends of these waves represent increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, leaving the participants in an attentive and vigilant state of information processing. The prefrontal cortex is responsible for activation of the executive function mechanism used to improve neurological function such as improved joint position sense, reaction time, cortical...
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- Authors: Du Plessis, Pieter Hermanus Olivier
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268590 , uj:28514
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to compile a case series describing whether or not chiropractic manipulation delivered to lumbar spine motion restrictions have any recognisable effect on quantitative electroencephalogram readings. Method: A descriptive case series method was chosen for this study. The study took place at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus, in the Chiropractic day clinic. The study consisted of 10 participants with lumbar spine motion restrictions. The electroencephalogram was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and closed, before any lumbar manipulation was given. Post-manipulation, two measurements were taken, one while the participants’ eyes were open and one while the participants’ eyes were closed. The first measurement took place immediately after the manipulation, and the second measurement took place 30 minutes later. It was decided to simplify the quantitative electroencephalogram data to eyes open only, and the data was converted into mean values of the theta and beta brain waves. A change was described in the quantitative electroencephalogram readings following chiropractic manipulation for each individual participant, as well as during observation of the group average results. Results: After investigating the results, the brain waves showed distinct changes across all three lobes in all 10 participants. Typically there was either an increase or decrease immediately post manipulation. The majority of measurements across all lobes were higher than the initial baseline values 30 minutes post manipulation. Theta wave activity across the frontal and temporal lobes showed the same decrease-increase trend possibly due to the after-effect mechanism caused by lumbar manipulation. The largest increase in theta activity took place in the frontal lobe 30 minutes post manipulation. The most significant increase trend of the beta waves also took place in the frontal lobe, possibly due to the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the temporal and parietal association areas. The trends of these waves represent increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, leaving the participants in an attentive and vigilant state of information processing. The prefrontal cortex is responsible for activation of the executive function mechanism used to improve neurological function such as improved joint position sense, reaction time, cortical...
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The immediate effect of an upper cervical adjustment on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction
- Authors: Finberg, Craig Jason
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:53:02Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae - Abnormalities , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3002
- Description: M.Tech. , It has been reported that the sympathetic nerve fibres coursing with the vertebral arteries may potentially be irritated by cervical pathology such as cervical dysfunction causing vasoconstriction of the vertebro-basilar arterial system leading to an ischaemic state in particular areas in the brain (Wingfield and Gorman, 2000). This arterial insufficiency to the brain has been shown to effect higher level complex brain functions (Terrett, 1995). The purpose of this research was to determine whether atlanto-occipital joint as well as atlanto-axial joint adjustments had an immediate effect on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction. Sixty male and female asymptomatic patients took part in this study. These patients were recruited by means of word of mouth and through the use of advertisements placed in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic, Doornfontein Campus. Inclusion criteria required for patients to participate in the study included the patients (both male or female) be between the ages of 18 and 30 years, they presented with an asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and or atlanto-axial joints, not have had either Chiropractic or any other form of treatment to the cervical spine for at least six days prior to involvement in the study, had normal or corrected to normal vision and no contraindications to cervical adjustments. vi Objective data was collected by means of a mental rotation reaction time test installed on a laptop computer which measured the patients mental rotation reaction time ability in both accuracy and time to complete each test. The objective results demonstrated that there was no statistically significant increase in mental rotation ability following the Chiropractic adjustments. In conclusion, it was shown that Chiropractic adjustments performed on patients presenting with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and/or the atlanto-axial joint complexes brought about no improvement in mental rotation ability.
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- Authors: Finberg, Craig Jason
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:53:02Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae - Abnormalities , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3002
- Description: M.Tech. , It has been reported that the sympathetic nerve fibres coursing with the vertebral arteries may potentially be irritated by cervical pathology such as cervical dysfunction causing vasoconstriction of the vertebro-basilar arterial system leading to an ischaemic state in particular areas in the brain (Wingfield and Gorman, 2000). This arterial insufficiency to the brain has been shown to effect higher level complex brain functions (Terrett, 1995). The purpose of this research was to determine whether atlanto-occipital joint as well as atlanto-axial joint adjustments had an immediate effect on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction. Sixty male and female asymptomatic patients took part in this study. These patients were recruited by means of word of mouth and through the use of advertisements placed in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic, Doornfontein Campus. Inclusion criteria required for patients to participate in the study included the patients (both male or female) be between the ages of 18 and 30 years, they presented with an asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and or atlanto-axial joints, not have had either Chiropractic or any other form of treatment to the cervical spine for at least six days prior to involvement in the study, had normal or corrected to normal vision and no contraindications to cervical adjustments. vi Objective data was collected by means of a mental rotation reaction time test installed on a laptop computer which measured the patients mental rotation reaction time ability in both accuracy and time to complete each test. The objective results demonstrated that there was no statistically significant increase in mental rotation ability following the Chiropractic adjustments. In conclusion, it was shown that Chiropractic adjustments performed on patients presenting with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and/or the atlanto-axial joint complexes brought about no improvement in mental rotation ability.
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A case series describing the medium term effect of cervical manipulation on qEEG
- Authors: Labuschagne, Larisha Rensia
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268509 , uj:28504
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to compile a case series describing the medium- term effect of cervical manipulation on quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) readings over multiple chiropractic manipulations. Method: A descriptive design was used to perform this study. One group, which consisted of 10 participants, contributed to this study to detect if a cervical manipulation may have an influence on brainwave activity over a period of time (and therefore qEEG readings). The study took place in the UJ Chiropractic Day Clinic on the Doornfontein Campus. The participants were manipulated once a week for three consecutive weeks. As qEEG readings are easily influenced by external stimuli, the participants were in a room with minimal stimulation. Each participant’s brainwaves were recorded with two-minutes eyes open and two-minutes eyes closed. They then received a cervical spine manipulation to restricted vertebrae followed with another two-minute eyes open and two-minute eyes closed intervals. Only the theta (slow waves) and beta (fast waves) values were converted into numerical values and were used to describe potential changes. Results: The frontal lobe presented the most varied readings throughout the three visits and the parietal lobe revealed the most active changes. Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in older participants and a single participant with peripheral complications. Conclusion: This study was done to describe the effect cervical manipulation has on qEEG (not a particular increase or decrease) in ten participants. It was shown that post-cervical manipulation over a medium - term theta and beta waves of all lobes demonstrated change. Further investigation is necessary in order to offer evidence on how and why a chiropractic manipulation may have an effect on qEEG as well as what the implications could mean.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Labuschagne, Larisha Rensia
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268509 , uj:28504
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to compile a case series describing the medium- term effect of cervical manipulation on quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) readings over multiple chiropractic manipulations. Method: A descriptive design was used to perform this study. One group, which consisted of 10 participants, contributed to this study to detect if a cervical manipulation may have an influence on brainwave activity over a period of time (and therefore qEEG readings). The study took place in the UJ Chiropractic Day Clinic on the Doornfontein Campus. The participants were manipulated once a week for three consecutive weeks. As qEEG readings are easily influenced by external stimuli, the participants were in a room with minimal stimulation. Each participant’s brainwaves were recorded with two-minutes eyes open and two-minutes eyes closed. They then received a cervical spine manipulation to restricted vertebrae followed with another two-minute eyes open and two-minute eyes closed intervals. Only the theta (slow waves) and beta (fast waves) values were converted into numerical values and were used to describe potential changes. Results: The frontal lobe presented the most varied readings throughout the three visits and the parietal lobe revealed the most active changes. Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in older participants and a single participant with peripheral complications. Conclusion: This study was done to describe the effect cervical manipulation has on qEEG (not a particular increase or decrease) in ten participants. It was shown that post-cervical manipulation over a medium - term theta and beta waves of all lobes demonstrated change. Further investigation is necessary in order to offer evidence on how and why a chiropractic manipulation may have an effect on qEEG as well as what the implications could mean.
- Full Text:
Describing the effect of chiropractic cervical manipulation on disturbed sleeping patterns
- Authors: Mc Donnell, Kelly
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Sleep - Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/90996 , uj:20050
- Description: Abstract: Introduction:Approximately one hundred and fifty million people worldwide suffer from sleep disturbances. In South Africa, thirty one percent of women and twenty seven percent of men have reported difficulty with sleep (Breus, 2012). Sleep deprivation results in problems such as impaired brain activity, cognitive dysfunctions and, in some cases, serious health problems such as heart attacks, high blood pressure and strokes. It can also result in problems such as impaired memory, hallucinations, depression, moodiness, weakened immune response and weight gain. There are many treatment approaches to sleep disturbances, ranging from psychology sessions to treatment with sleep medication. There also are many claims in the form of patient’s comments, observations by chiropractors, unpublished case studies and blogs that chiropractic treatment affects sleeping patterns. Despite these numerous claims, no research has been done to validate themor to provide evidence supporting theories of how manipulation could influence sleeping patterns. Aim:The aim of the study was to describe the effect that chiropractic cervical manipulation may have on disturbed sleeping patterns. The effect was measured by evaluating the participants’ sleep quality with the use of a sleeping apparatus, the FitBit, which records the sleeping pattern as well as the participants’ perception of the improvement in their sleep disturbance. Method:All volunteers were required to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which ultimately resulted in the recruitment of ten participants who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the selection process had been completed, the first consultation was conducted. In this consultation,an information form was given to the participants, andeach was asked to sign an informed consent form. Preconsultation education regarding the use of the FitBit was also completed. Thereafter, a full case history was taken and a full physical exam as well as a cervical spine regional exam was performed. Each participant’s FitBit data, personal comments, MLSEQ and LSEQ were used by the researcher to describe whether or not chiropractic cervical manipulation had an effect on each participant’s disturbed sleeping pattern. Each participant attended six consultations over a period two weeks. Chiropractic treatment took place at four of the six consultations... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mc Donnell, Kelly
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Sleep - Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/90996 , uj:20050
- Description: Abstract: Introduction:Approximately one hundred and fifty million people worldwide suffer from sleep disturbances. In South Africa, thirty one percent of women and twenty seven percent of men have reported difficulty with sleep (Breus, 2012). Sleep deprivation results in problems such as impaired brain activity, cognitive dysfunctions and, in some cases, serious health problems such as heart attacks, high blood pressure and strokes. It can also result in problems such as impaired memory, hallucinations, depression, moodiness, weakened immune response and weight gain. There are many treatment approaches to sleep disturbances, ranging from psychology sessions to treatment with sleep medication. There also are many claims in the form of patient’s comments, observations by chiropractors, unpublished case studies and blogs that chiropractic treatment affects sleeping patterns. Despite these numerous claims, no research has been done to validate themor to provide evidence supporting theories of how manipulation could influence sleeping patterns. Aim:The aim of the study was to describe the effect that chiropractic cervical manipulation may have on disturbed sleeping patterns. The effect was measured by evaluating the participants’ sleep quality with the use of a sleeping apparatus, the FitBit, which records the sleeping pattern as well as the participants’ perception of the improvement in their sleep disturbance. Method:All volunteers were required to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which ultimately resulted in the recruitment of ten participants who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the selection process had been completed, the first consultation was conducted. In this consultation,an information form was given to the participants, andeach was asked to sign an informed consent form. Preconsultation education regarding the use of the FitBit was also completed. Thereafter, a full case history was taken and a full physical exam as well as a cervical spine regional exam was performed. Each participant’s FitBit data, personal comments, MLSEQ and LSEQ were used by the researcher to describe whether or not chiropractic cervical manipulation had an effect on each participant’s disturbed sleeping pattern. Each participant attended six consultations over a period two weeks. Chiropractic treatment took place at four of the six consultations... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
Describing the effect of chiropractic cervical manipulation on disturbed sleeping patterns
- Authors: Mc Donnell, Kelly
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Sleep - Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/93129 , uj:20312 , Citation: Mc Donnell, K. 2016. Describing the effect of chiropractic cervical manipulation on disturbed sleeping Patterns.
- Description: Abstract:Purpose: To describe whether chiropractic cervical manipulation may have an effect on disturbed sleeping patterns. Method: All volunteers were required to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which ultimately resulted in the recruitment of ten participants who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the selection process had been completed, the first consultation was conducted. In this consultation, an information form was given to the participants, and each was asked to sign an informed consent form. Pre-consultation education regarding the use of the FitBit was also completed. Thereafter, a full case history was taken and a full physical exam as well as a cervical spine regional exam was performed. Each participant’s FitBit data, personal comments, MLSEQ and LSEQ were used by the researcher to describe whether or not chiropractic cervical manipulation had an effect on each participant’s disturbed sleeping pattern. Each participant attended six consultations over a period two weeks. Chiropractic treatment took place at four of the six consultations. Procedure: At each consultation, the participants were required to report on any changes they had experienced from the previous consultation, whether it was related to chiropractic treatment or not. They were required to fill out the modified portion of the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, which was collected and compared at the end of the trial. The orthopaedic tests that presented positive on the first consult were re-tested to identify any changes or improvements. The participants were also treated with a chiropractic cervical manipulation from the second to the fifth visit. At the end of the study, the participants were required to fill out the full Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire and return the FitBit. The modified Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, the full Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire and the FitBit data were analysed and reported on. Results: Clinically, rather limited trends or linear improvements were presented. Some participants showed an improvement on some nights of the study, but not often enough to comment on. Statistically, the results that presented were insignificant; this may be due to the small sample size and perhaps because the study did not take place over a long enough period. Conclusion: The participants did not show sufficient objective changes over the course of the study to substantiate any evidence of change. Rather limited linear trends of improvements presented for all measures of...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mc Donnell, Kelly
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Sleep - Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/93129 , uj:20312 , Citation: Mc Donnell, K. 2016. Describing the effect of chiropractic cervical manipulation on disturbed sleeping Patterns.
- Description: Abstract:Purpose: To describe whether chiropractic cervical manipulation may have an effect on disturbed sleeping patterns. Method: All volunteers were required to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which ultimately resulted in the recruitment of ten participants who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the selection process had been completed, the first consultation was conducted. In this consultation, an information form was given to the participants, and each was asked to sign an informed consent form. Pre-consultation education regarding the use of the FitBit was also completed. Thereafter, a full case history was taken and a full physical exam as well as a cervical spine regional exam was performed. Each participant’s FitBit data, personal comments, MLSEQ and LSEQ were used by the researcher to describe whether or not chiropractic cervical manipulation had an effect on each participant’s disturbed sleeping pattern. Each participant attended six consultations over a period two weeks. Chiropractic treatment took place at four of the six consultations. Procedure: At each consultation, the participants were required to report on any changes they had experienced from the previous consultation, whether it was related to chiropractic treatment or not. They were required to fill out the modified portion of the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, which was collected and compared at the end of the trial. The orthopaedic tests that presented positive on the first consult were re-tested to identify any changes or improvements. The participants were also treated with a chiropractic cervical manipulation from the second to the fifth visit. At the end of the study, the participants were required to fill out the full Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire and return the FitBit. The modified Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, the full Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire and the FitBit data were analysed and reported on. Results: Clinically, rather limited trends or linear improvements were presented. Some participants showed an improvement on some nights of the study, but not often enough to comment on. Statistically, the results that presented were insignificant; this may be due to the small sample size and perhaps because the study did not take place over a long enough period. Conclusion: The participants did not show sufficient objective changes over the course of the study to substantiate any evidence of change. Rather limited linear trends of improvements presented for all measures of...
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The effect of cervical spine chiropractic manipulation on balance
- Authors: Nolan, Justin Henry
- Date: 2010-03-31T07:00:52Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6715 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3119
- Description: M. Tech. , It has been noted in the literature that the sensory system consists of the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems (Guyton and Hall, 1997; Arnold and Schmitz, 1998; Murphy, 2000; Nakata and Yabe, 2001; Magee, 2002 and Gatterman, 2004). In congruence with the above authors Katz (1996), Gatterman (2004) and Murphy (2000), Morningstar, Pettibon, Schlappi, Schlapp and Ireland (2005) further stated that the postural reflexes can be subcategorised as the following: visual righting reflex, labyrinthine righting reflexes, neck righting reflexes, body on head righting reflexes and body on body righting reflexes. Each of these neurological mechanisms plays a role in balance / equilibrium. Furthermore it has been shown that spinal manipulative therapy has an effect on neurological systems. Therefore it stands to reason that spinal manipulative therapy may have an effect on balance or equilibrium.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nolan, Justin Henry
- Date: 2010-03-31T07:00:52Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6715 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3119
- Description: M. Tech. , It has been noted in the literature that the sensory system consists of the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems (Guyton and Hall, 1997; Arnold and Schmitz, 1998; Murphy, 2000; Nakata and Yabe, 2001; Magee, 2002 and Gatterman, 2004). In congruence with the above authors Katz (1996), Gatterman (2004) and Murphy (2000), Morningstar, Pettibon, Schlappi, Schlapp and Ireland (2005) further stated that the postural reflexes can be subcategorised as the following: visual righting reflex, labyrinthine righting reflexes, neck righting reflexes, body on head righting reflexes and body on body righting reflexes. Each of these neurological mechanisms plays a role in balance / equilibrium. Furthermore it has been shown that spinal manipulative therapy has an effect on neurological systems. Therefore it stands to reason that spinal manipulative therapy may have an effect on balance or equilibrium.
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Cervical spine manipulation versus sub-occipital muscle release technique in the treatment of tension type headaches
- Authors: Orr, Craig Ross
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Spinal adjustment
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292988 , uj:31849
- Description: Abstract: Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of cervical spine chiropractic manipulation and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles in relieving tension-type headaches. This study was also used to determine which treatment protocol would be most effective in relieving tension-type headaches, cervical spine chiropractic manipulation, and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles or a combination of both treatment protocols. Study design: A randomized clinical study was used in this research study. Setting: University of Johannesburg, Chiropractic Day Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa. Subjects: A total of thirty participants were used, male and female, between the ages of 18-50 years. The participants were divided into three groups, with each group consisting of ten participants. Group A received cervical spine manipulations; Group B received muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles and Group C a combination of cervical spine manipulation and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles . Methods: Prior to becoming a participant, each individual was assessed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thereafter participants had to read and sign relevant information and consent forms. A full case history, physical examination and cervical spine regional examination was then completed. Procedure: Subjective data was collected from the participants using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Headache Impact Questionnaire and the Neck Disability Index. Objective data was collected from the participants by using the Pressure Algometer. Objective and subjective data was collected prior to the 1st and 3rd treatment consultations and at the 5th final consultation. Each participant was treated four times, over a two week period. An additional 5th consultation was done to obtain objective and subjective data only. Results: Statistically significant improvements regarding the Headache Impact Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index and Pressure Algometer occurred in all three groups. However in terms of intergroup analysis regarding the Headache Impact Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index and Pressure Algometer, no statistically significant improvements occurred, meaning that no group proved to be more superior to the others... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Orr, Craig Ross
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Spinal adjustment
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292988 , uj:31849
- Description: Abstract: Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of cervical spine chiropractic manipulation and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles in relieving tension-type headaches. This study was also used to determine which treatment protocol would be most effective in relieving tension-type headaches, cervical spine chiropractic manipulation, and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles or a combination of both treatment protocols. Study design: A randomized clinical study was used in this research study. Setting: University of Johannesburg, Chiropractic Day Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa. Subjects: A total of thirty participants were used, male and female, between the ages of 18-50 years. The participants were divided into three groups, with each group consisting of ten participants. Group A received cervical spine manipulations; Group B received muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles and Group C a combination of cervical spine manipulation and muscle tension release technique of the sub occipital muscles . Methods: Prior to becoming a participant, each individual was assessed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thereafter participants had to read and sign relevant information and consent forms. A full case history, physical examination and cervical spine regional examination was then completed. Procedure: Subjective data was collected from the participants using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Headache Impact Questionnaire and the Neck Disability Index. Objective data was collected from the participants by using the Pressure Algometer. Objective and subjective data was collected prior to the 1st and 3rd treatment consultations and at the 5th final consultation. Each participant was treated four times, over a two week period. An additional 5th consultation was done to obtain objective and subjective data only. Results: Statistically significant improvements regarding the Headache Impact Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index and Pressure Algometer occurred in all three groups. However in terms of intergroup analysis regarding the Headache Impact Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index and Pressure Algometer, no statistically significant improvements occurred, meaning that no group proved to be more superior to the others... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal manipulative therapy on pressure algometer readings of rhomboid and infraspinatus muscles by influencing the fascial tension of the spiral line
- Authors: Parker, Percy James Shannon
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Pain - Measurement , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58633 , uj:16474
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Parker, Percy James Shannon
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Pain - Measurement , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58633 , uj:16474
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
The effect of chiropractic cervical spine adjustment on cervical range of motion, beyond the direct effect of cavitation
- Authors: Paton, Glen James
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Joints - Range of motion , Cervical vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4564 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9912
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: This study aims to ascertain the extent Chiropractic manipulative therapy increases ROM beyond the joint-separation induced ROM initially experienced via the cavitation phenomenon in the absence of neck pain. Method: Sixty participants between eighteen and thirty-five years of age, thirty male and thirty female whom met the inclusion of no neck pain and perceived decreased ROM were selected for participation. There was a single group with each participant‟s pre-adjustment readings acting as a baseline. Procedure: Participants were assessed for hypomobility and joint dysfunction. Those who met the inclusion criteria underwent a detailed history, physical and cervical spine regional examination on the initial consult. A pre-adjustment objective measurement was acquired using a cervical spine range of motion (CROM) device. Once the consent form was signed participants received Chiropractic cervical spine manipulative therapy to the area/s of the cervical spine found to be restricted on motion palpation by the researcher. Post-adjustment objective measurements were taken at one, twenty, forty and sixty minutes using the CROM device. Participants were required to remain in the researcher‟s examination room for 60 minutes post-adjustment with continuation of regular day to day activity and no strenuous activity during the twenty-four hour period of the study. The participant was required to return for a single follow up visit within a time frame of twenty-four hours of the initial visit. The follow-up visit required no treatment. At twenty-four hours, the participant was objectively measured for cervical spine ROM using the CROM. The results were based on objective data in the form of cervical spine ROM measurements. Results: Clinical analysis of the percentage change in cervical spine ROM values revealed that clinically and statistically significant improvement was seen in all ranges of motion post-adjustment. General consensus showed that a peak value of improved ROM was seen post-adjustment at the one minute interval for all ranges of motion except flexion. Flexion demonstrated a peak ROM value at the twenty minute post-adjustment interval.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Paton, Glen James
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Joints - Range of motion , Cervical vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4564 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9912
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: This study aims to ascertain the extent Chiropractic manipulative therapy increases ROM beyond the joint-separation induced ROM initially experienced via the cavitation phenomenon in the absence of neck pain. Method: Sixty participants between eighteen and thirty-five years of age, thirty male and thirty female whom met the inclusion of no neck pain and perceived decreased ROM were selected for participation. There was a single group with each participant‟s pre-adjustment readings acting as a baseline. Procedure: Participants were assessed for hypomobility and joint dysfunction. Those who met the inclusion criteria underwent a detailed history, physical and cervical spine regional examination on the initial consult. A pre-adjustment objective measurement was acquired using a cervical spine range of motion (CROM) device. Once the consent form was signed participants received Chiropractic cervical spine manipulative therapy to the area/s of the cervical spine found to be restricted on motion palpation by the researcher. Post-adjustment objective measurements were taken at one, twenty, forty and sixty minutes using the CROM device. Participants were required to remain in the researcher‟s examination room for 60 minutes post-adjustment with continuation of regular day to day activity and no strenuous activity during the twenty-four hour period of the study. The participant was required to return for a single follow up visit within a time frame of twenty-four hours of the initial visit. The follow-up visit required no treatment. At twenty-four hours, the participant was objectively measured for cervical spine ROM using the CROM. The results were based on objective data in the form of cervical spine ROM measurements. Results: Clinical analysis of the percentage change in cervical spine ROM values revealed that clinically and statistically significant improvement was seen in all ranges of motion post-adjustment. General consensus showed that a peak value of improved ROM was seen post-adjustment at the one minute interval for all ranges of motion except flexion. Flexion demonstrated a peak ROM value at the twenty minute post-adjustment interval.
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The effect of cervical spine adjustment on grip strength and its rate of decline
- Authors: Prinsloo, Luchelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Grip strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226573 , uj:22911
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the immediate effect of chiropractic manipulation of the cervico-thoracic junction on grip strength and its rate of decline after manipulation. Method: Fifty participants with asymptomatic cervico-thoracic dysfunction were selected. All participants were placed in a single group as they all received the same treatment. Participants had to meet the inclusion criteria to be part of the study and they had to be free of any contra-indications to chiropractic manipulation. Procedure: Each participant was treated only once with a manipulation to the cervico-thoracic junction. Four measurements of grip strength were taken over a 24 hour period. Each participant’s grip strength was measured prior to manipulation with a Jamar handgrip dynamometer. Thereafter the restricted cervico-thoracic segmented was manipulated and grip strength was measured immediately thereafter. The participants were requested to return one hour after the initial treatment when another reading was taken. The last visit took place 24 hours after manipulation, where the final grip strength measurement was taken. All data was recorded by the researcher and analysed by Statkon. Results: A significant increase in grip strength was noted immediately post treatment, with grip strength peaking one hour post treatment. Although a decline was noted twenty four hours post treatment, it did not return to the initial values. Conclusion: The results indicated an increase in grip strength after manipulation of the cervico-thoracic junction. An increase was visible on all readings (immediately post treatment, one hour post treatment and twenty four hours post treatment), tested with the Jamar handgrip dynamometer. Most results were found to be statistically insignificant, with exclusion of measurement three (one hour post treatment) on the left hand side. In conclusion it was noted that manipulation directed to the cervico-thoracic junction increases muscle strength up to twenty four hours as measured by the Jamar Handgrip Dynamometer. Further readings are necessary in order to determine when the grip strength of participants would return to pre treatment values as the true rate of decline could not be determined in only a twenty four hour period...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Prinsloo, Luchelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Grip strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226573 , uj:22911
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the immediate effect of chiropractic manipulation of the cervico-thoracic junction on grip strength and its rate of decline after manipulation. Method: Fifty participants with asymptomatic cervico-thoracic dysfunction were selected. All participants were placed in a single group as they all received the same treatment. Participants had to meet the inclusion criteria to be part of the study and they had to be free of any contra-indications to chiropractic manipulation. Procedure: Each participant was treated only once with a manipulation to the cervico-thoracic junction. Four measurements of grip strength were taken over a 24 hour period. Each participant’s grip strength was measured prior to manipulation with a Jamar handgrip dynamometer. Thereafter the restricted cervico-thoracic segmented was manipulated and grip strength was measured immediately thereafter. The participants were requested to return one hour after the initial treatment when another reading was taken. The last visit took place 24 hours after manipulation, where the final grip strength measurement was taken. All data was recorded by the researcher and analysed by Statkon. Results: A significant increase in grip strength was noted immediately post treatment, with grip strength peaking one hour post treatment. Although a decline was noted twenty four hours post treatment, it did not return to the initial values. Conclusion: The results indicated an increase in grip strength after manipulation of the cervico-thoracic junction. An increase was visible on all readings (immediately post treatment, one hour post treatment and twenty four hours post treatment), tested with the Jamar handgrip dynamometer. Most results were found to be statistically insignificant, with exclusion of measurement three (one hour post treatment) on the left hand side. In conclusion it was noted that manipulation directed to the cervico-thoracic junction increases muscle strength up to twenty four hours as measured by the Jamar Handgrip Dynamometer. Further readings are necessary in order to determine when the grip strength of participants would return to pre treatment values as the true rate of decline could not be determined in only a twenty four hour period...
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The effects of thoracic spine manipulation on local skin temperature
- Authors: Rees, Warren Raymond
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Body temperature , Skin , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58523 , uj:16460
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rees, Warren Raymond
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Body temperature , Skin , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58523 , uj:16460
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of manual versus mechanical cervical manipulation on QEEG
- Authors: Robertson, Kim Nicole
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/231436 , uj:23576
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of manual chiropractic manipulations versus a mechanical manipulating device on the influence on oscillations at different frequencies with an extracranial scalp quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG). Method: A comparative design using random group allocation was chosen for this study. This study looked for changes in the QEEG readings before and after manual chiropractic manipulations and compared them to before and after readings of the mechanical manipulating device results. The study took place in the Chiropractic Clinic at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus. The study comprised twenty participants with cervical spine motion restrictions who were randomly allocated into two groups of ten. The QEEG was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then closed before any manipulation was given. Post-manipulation, there was a reading done immediately after, again with the eyes open and then closed, as well as thirty minutes post-manipulation. The QEEG data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, theta and beta. These values were used to find any statistical significance in the results. An exploratory analysis was performed with the assistance of Statkon to identify relationships in the results using the theta: beta ratio. Results: Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in the parietal lobe. In the parietal lobe, there was a significant difference between Group A (mechanical manipulation) and Group B (manual manipulation) in the intergroup analysis pre-manipulation (p=0.019) and post-manipulation (p=0.023) when the participants’ eyes were open. After assessing the mean ranks, it could be concluded that manual manipulation had a greater effect on the parietal lobe than mechanical manipulation. In the frontal and temporal lobe, although important, no findings were of particular interest as there were no statistically significant findings evident in the results relating to these lobes. Conclusion: In this study, the limited findings indicate that no clear conclusions can be drawn with regards to whether or not mechanical manipulation has a similar effect to manual manipulation. The study has contributed positively to the claim that manual manipulation does have an effect on QEEG as there were significant changes present post-manual manipulation in
- Full Text:
- Authors: Robertson, Kim Nicole
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/231436 , uj:23576
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of manual chiropractic manipulations versus a mechanical manipulating device on the influence on oscillations at different frequencies with an extracranial scalp quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG). Method: A comparative design using random group allocation was chosen for this study. This study looked for changes in the QEEG readings before and after manual chiropractic manipulations and compared them to before and after readings of the mechanical manipulating device results. The study took place in the Chiropractic Clinic at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus. The study comprised twenty participants with cervical spine motion restrictions who were randomly allocated into two groups of ten. The QEEG was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then closed before any manipulation was given. Post-manipulation, there was a reading done immediately after, again with the eyes open and then closed, as well as thirty minutes post-manipulation. The QEEG data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, theta and beta. These values were used to find any statistical significance in the results. An exploratory analysis was performed with the assistance of Statkon to identify relationships in the results using the theta: beta ratio. Results: Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in the parietal lobe. In the parietal lobe, there was a significant difference between Group A (mechanical manipulation) and Group B (manual manipulation) in the intergroup analysis pre-manipulation (p=0.019) and post-manipulation (p=0.023) when the participants’ eyes were open. After assessing the mean ranks, it could be concluded that manual manipulation had a greater effect on the parietal lobe than mechanical manipulation. In the frontal and temporal lobe, although important, no findings were of particular interest as there were no statistically significant findings evident in the results relating to these lobes. Conclusion: In this study, the limited findings indicate that no clear conclusions can be drawn with regards to whether or not mechanical manipulation has a similar effect to manual manipulation. The study has contributed positively to the claim that manual manipulation does have an effect on QEEG as there were significant changes present post-manual manipulation in
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The immediate effect of chiropractic lumbosacral manipulative therapy on power output in elite cyclists
- Authors: Ross, Michelle Lisa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Athletic ability , Cyclists - Health and hygiene
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/91064 , uj:20060
- Description: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy had an immediate effect on athletic performance in the elite cyclist. Changes in performance were quantified using objective data from power measurements (in Watts) recorded while the participants were cycling. The study was a pre-test-post-test control group design. Eighty participants were randomly allocated into either the treatment group or the control group. Data was collected using the air-braked cycle ergometer, the Wattbike Trainer. The test protocol comprised of a ten-minute warm up followed by three six-second sprint efforts, each sprint at a different resistance level. The test protocol was repeated after a thirty-minute rest period. During the rest period the treatment group received chiropractic manipulative therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints and the control group received no intervention. Both the treatment and control group increased their mean power output, possibly due to a learned response. However the treatment group had a noticeably greater increase in mean power output across all three sprint efforts, post chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. This improvement in performance of asymptomatic, elite cyclists could possibly be attributed to the effects of the chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Ross, Michelle Lisa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Athletic ability , Cyclists - Health and hygiene
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/91064 , uj:20060
- Description: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy had an immediate effect on athletic performance in the elite cyclist. Changes in performance were quantified using objective data from power measurements (in Watts) recorded while the participants were cycling. The study was a pre-test-post-test control group design. Eighty participants were randomly allocated into either the treatment group or the control group. Data was collected using the air-braked cycle ergometer, the Wattbike Trainer. The test protocol comprised of a ten-minute warm up followed by three six-second sprint efforts, each sprint at a different resistance level. The test protocol was repeated after a thirty-minute rest period. During the rest period the treatment group received chiropractic manipulative therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints and the control group received no intervention. Both the treatment and control group increased their mean power output, possibly due to a learned response. However the treatment group had a noticeably greater increase in mean power output across all three sprint efforts, post chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. This improvement in performance of asymptomatic, elite cyclists could possibly be attributed to the effects of the chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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Describing the trends of qEEG change caused by cervical manipulation
- Authors: Scott, Michelle
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268532 , uj:28506
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Background: Quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) is used to measure brain wave activity. qEEG is commonly used to determine and asses neural function, neurophysiology and neurological deficits. It is an inexpensive tool used for both diagnostic and prognostic information. It is alleged that chiropractic manipulation affects the central nervous system beyond the dorsal root ganglia; as well as the brain itself. Although controversial studies are demonstrating there is an effect on brain qEEG, limited research has looked at the detailed trends of qEEG changes caused by cervical manipulation. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the trends of qEEG changes caused by cervical manipulation for the duration of 60 minutes. This could theoretically stimulate further related research and thus redefine the existing limits of chiropractic treatment of the central nervous system by influencing brain wave activity. Method: A descriptive design was used to attempt to track trends on qEEG readings before and after a chiropractic manipulation for the duration of 60 minutes. The EEG equipment that was used for the trials was a MP 150 Biopac system. On arrival at the Chiropractic clinic all participants were assessed as new patients and then randomly divided into two groups of 5. Once this was completed the EEG cap was placed on the participants head and the first of six recordings was started. Subsequent to the completion of the first recording, the participants’ cervical spine was manipulated/ sham manipulated (control group). The remainder of the recordings then took place at 15 minute intervals. Results: There was a definitive difference in the readings pre- and post-manipulation for both groups, across all three brain lobes. Group A appeared to have more consistent predictable changes. Group B appeared to have haphazard changes. Some participants showed more pronounced changes in brain wave activity than others. Conclusion: The definitive changes pre- and post- manipulation readings demonstrate that there are apparent variations in the qEEG readings post cervical manipulation...
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- Authors: Scott, Michelle
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268532 , uj:28506
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Background: Quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) is used to measure brain wave activity. qEEG is commonly used to determine and asses neural function, neurophysiology and neurological deficits. It is an inexpensive tool used for both diagnostic and prognostic information. It is alleged that chiropractic manipulation affects the central nervous system beyond the dorsal root ganglia; as well as the brain itself. Although controversial studies are demonstrating there is an effect on brain qEEG, limited research has looked at the detailed trends of qEEG changes caused by cervical manipulation. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the trends of qEEG changes caused by cervical manipulation for the duration of 60 minutes. This could theoretically stimulate further related research and thus redefine the existing limits of chiropractic treatment of the central nervous system by influencing brain wave activity. Method: A descriptive design was used to attempt to track trends on qEEG readings before and after a chiropractic manipulation for the duration of 60 minutes. The EEG equipment that was used for the trials was a MP 150 Biopac system. On arrival at the Chiropractic clinic all participants were assessed as new patients and then randomly divided into two groups of 5. Once this was completed the EEG cap was placed on the participants head and the first of six recordings was started. Subsequent to the completion of the first recording, the participants’ cervical spine was manipulated/ sham manipulated (control group). The remainder of the recordings then took place at 15 minute intervals. Results: There was a definitive difference in the readings pre- and post-manipulation for both groups, across all three brain lobes. Group A appeared to have more consistent predictable changes. Group B appeared to have haphazard changes. Some participants showed more pronounced changes in brain wave activity than others. Conclusion: The definitive changes pre- and post- manipulation readings demonstrate that there are apparent variations in the qEEG readings post cervical manipulation...
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The immediate effect of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy on the x-factor stretch of elite amateur golfers
- Authors: Templeton, Marc Sean
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Stretch (Physiology) , Golfers - Health and hygiene
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/382796 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/91390 , uj:20100
- Description: Abstract: The golf swing is a complex set of movements that requires the activation of multiple muscles to ensure the correct sequence is followed. The aim of the study was to see the immediate effect of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy on the x-factor stretch of elite amateur golfers. Fifty participants were used in the study and randomly allocated into two groups, a control and treatment group. The participants in the treatment group were assessed on the 3D motion tracking software before and after manipulation. The results showed that there was no significant change (p = 0.353) to the x-factor stretch after manipulation for group A (treatment group). However, there were some significant changes that were noted during the study. There was a significant change (p = 0.016) to the hip angle after manipulation as well as a significant change (p = 0.041) to the x-factor after manipulation, although, the change in x-factor was a decrease in the value of the x-factor after manipulation. Although there were some changes noted to the variables that were measured, no clinical correlation could be noted. Therefore, it cannot be safely assumed that chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy has an effect on the x-factor stretch of elite amateur golfers. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Templeton, Marc Sean
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Stretch (Physiology) , Golfers - Health and hygiene
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/382796 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/91390 , uj:20100
- Description: Abstract: The golf swing is a complex set of movements that requires the activation of multiple muscles to ensure the correct sequence is followed. The aim of the study was to see the immediate effect of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy on the x-factor stretch of elite amateur golfers. Fifty participants were used in the study and randomly allocated into two groups, a control and treatment group. The participants in the treatment group were assessed on the 3D motion tracking software before and after manipulation. The results showed that there was no significant change (p = 0.353) to the x-factor stretch after manipulation for group A (treatment group). However, there were some significant changes that were noted during the study. There was a significant change (p = 0.016) to the hip angle after manipulation as well as a significant change (p = 0.041) to the x-factor after manipulation, although, the change in x-factor was a decrease in the value of the x-factor after manipulation. Although there were some changes noted to the variables that were measured, no clinical correlation could be noted. Therefore, it cannot be safely assumed that chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy has an effect on the x-factor stretch of elite amateur golfers. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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