The effect of chiropractic manipulative therapy of the tibiotalar joint on endurance of the triceps surae muscle
- Authors: Baüer, Caitlyn Mae
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Ankle , Calves , Muscle strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58563 , uj:16463
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Baüer, Caitlyn Mae
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Ankle , Calves , Muscle strength , Chiropractic
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/58563 , uj:16463
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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A case series describing the effect of extremity manipulation on qEEG
- Authors: Randal-Smith, Devlin Sean
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Ankle , Electroencephalography , Relaxation
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/246598 , uj:25577
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the effect that an extremity manipulation particulary a talocrural joint (TCJM) manipulation had on qEEG. Method: A descriptive case series was chosen for this study. 10 participants that met the relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The study looked to observe changes in the qEEG readings before and immediately following the extremity manipulation, as well as 30 minutes after the manipulation was delivered. The study took place in the Chiropractic Clinic at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus. The 10 participants were screened for long axis extension talocrural joint restrictions. The qEEG was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then closed before any manipulation was given. Immediately following the manipulation, another recording was taken, again with the eyes open and then closed. Finally, the values 30 minutes post-manipulation were captured. Once again with the eyes open and then closed. The qEEG data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, delta, theta, alpha and beta. These values were used to find any statistical significance in the results. An analysis of the results was performed to identify relationships between the manipulation and brain wave activity within each of the lobes (frontal, temporal and parietal). Results: Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in all of the lobes. Beta and delta wave changes immediately following the manipulation, in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe were indicative of the participants’ increased relaxed/ resting states.. Alpha and delta wave changes in the parietal lobe following the manipulation and 30 minutes later were also suggestive of the participants’ increased relaxed and reflective state. Also important to consider was the patients immobile and quiet state throughout the trial. Conclusion: In this study, the findings are limited and inconclusive as there is no sure way to quantify how much of the increase in relaxation of the participant was a result of the extremity manipulation or the participants’ motionless and silent state. Research is severely limited on the relationship between peripheral joint manipulation and its effect on the brain. The only studies that exist are concerned with spinal manipulation. It is interesting to see that the degree of changes following the TCJM showed a similar extent of change as seen by the spinal studies. This could suggest that there are alternative factors responsible for the changes directly following the manipulation. The study has still made an encouraging contribution to the claim that chiropractic manipulation has an effect on qEEG readings, based on the...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Randal-Smith, Devlin Sean
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Ankle , Electroencephalography , Relaxation
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/246598 , uj:25577
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the effect that an extremity manipulation particulary a talocrural joint (TCJM) manipulation had on qEEG. Method: A descriptive case series was chosen for this study. 10 participants that met the relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The study looked to observe changes in the qEEG readings before and immediately following the extremity manipulation, as well as 30 minutes after the manipulation was delivered. The study took place in the Chiropractic Clinic at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus. The 10 participants were screened for long axis extension talocrural joint restrictions. The qEEG was used to record the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then closed before any manipulation was given. Immediately following the manipulation, another recording was taken, again with the eyes open and then closed. Finally, the values 30 minutes post-manipulation were captured. Once again with the eyes open and then closed. The qEEG data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, delta, theta, alpha and beta. These values were used to find any statistical significance in the results. An analysis of the results was performed to identify relationships between the manipulation and brain wave activity within each of the lobes (frontal, temporal and parietal). Results: Findings of particular interest in this study were evident in all of the lobes. Beta and delta wave changes immediately following the manipulation, in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe were indicative of the participants’ increased relaxed/ resting states.. Alpha and delta wave changes in the parietal lobe following the manipulation and 30 minutes later were also suggestive of the participants’ increased relaxed and reflective state. Also important to consider was the patients immobile and quiet state throughout the trial. Conclusion: In this study, the findings are limited and inconclusive as there is no sure way to quantify how much of the increase in relaxation of the participant was a result of the extremity manipulation or the participants’ motionless and silent state. Research is severely limited on the relationship between peripheral joint manipulation and its effect on the brain. The only studies that exist are concerned with spinal manipulation. It is interesting to see that the degree of changes following the TCJM showed a similar extent of change as seen by the spinal studies. This could suggest that there are alternative factors responsible for the changes directly following the manipulation. The study has still made an encouraging contribution to the claim that chiropractic manipulation has an effect on qEEG readings, based on the...
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The immediate effect of manipulation of the talocrural, proximal tibiofibular joints and the combination thereof on ankle dorsiflexion
- Authors: Ritter, Jacques
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Ankle , Joints - Range of motion
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/387544 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292964 , uj:31846
- Description: Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the immediate effects of a combined talocrural and proximal tibiofibular manipulation on ankle dorsiflexion with a control as well as with the effects of manipulation of each joint in isolation. Method: The study consisted of 100 asymptomatic participants. The participants were divided into four groups each comprising 25. Participants had to meet the inclusion criteria to be considered for the study and also had to present with no contra-indications for peripheral manipulation. Procedure: Group 1 received a single talocrural manipulation. Group 2 received a single proximal tibiofibular manipulation. Group 3 received both a talocrural as well as proximal tibiofibular manipulation. Group 4 did not receive any intervention and served as the control group. The talocrural dorsiflexion was measured using the weight-bearing lunge test. Measurements were taken prior to the intervention and immediately afterwards. The data was recorded by the researcher. Once the trials were completed, the results were sent to STATKON to be analysed. Results: The manipulated limbs of Groups 1, 2 and 3 all showed an increase in ankle dorsiflexion. Group 3 showed the biggest improvement. Group 4 showed no statistically significant improvement. Conclusion: It was found that all the groups that received intervention in the form of joint manipulation improved. Statistically, they had the same improvement, yet clinically it appeared that Group 3 had some additive effect. Although an increase was also noted in the unmanipulated limbs, such an increase across all analyses of unmanipulated limbs was so small it can be argued to be negligible. It could be said that manipulation of the proximal tibiofibular joint, talocrural joint or both has an immediate increase in dorsiflexion of the ankle. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Ritter, Jacques
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Ankle , Joints - Range of motion
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/387544 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292964 , uj:31846
- Description: Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the immediate effects of a combined talocrural and proximal tibiofibular manipulation on ankle dorsiflexion with a control as well as with the effects of manipulation of each joint in isolation. Method: The study consisted of 100 asymptomatic participants. The participants were divided into four groups each comprising 25. Participants had to meet the inclusion criteria to be considered for the study and also had to present with no contra-indications for peripheral manipulation. Procedure: Group 1 received a single talocrural manipulation. Group 2 received a single proximal tibiofibular manipulation. Group 3 received both a talocrural as well as proximal tibiofibular manipulation. Group 4 did not receive any intervention and served as the control group. The talocrural dorsiflexion was measured using the weight-bearing lunge test. Measurements were taken prior to the intervention and immediately afterwards. The data was recorded by the researcher. Once the trials were completed, the results were sent to STATKON to be analysed. Results: The manipulated limbs of Groups 1, 2 and 3 all showed an increase in ankle dorsiflexion. Group 3 showed the biggest improvement. Group 4 showed no statistically significant improvement. Conclusion: It was found that all the groups that received intervention in the form of joint manipulation improved. Statistically, they had the same improvement, yet clinically it appeared that Group 3 had some additive effect. Although an increase was also noted in the unmanipulated limbs, such an increase across all analyses of unmanipulated limbs was so small it can be argued to be negligible. It could be said that manipulation of the proximal tibiofibular joint, talocrural joint or both has an immediate increase in dorsiflexion of the ankle. , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of ankle joint adjustment on the path of the centre of pressure and rotation during gait
- Van Niekerk, Emmerentia Margaretha
- Authors: Van Niekerk, Emmerentia Margaretha
- Date: 2014-06-04
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Ankle , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Gait in humans
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11034
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Problem Statement: Ankle sprains are one of the most common acute injuries treated by physicians (Pellow & Brantingham, 2001). Most ankle sprains involve the lateral ankle ligaments, with the anterior tibiotalar ligament being the most commonly affected in injuries involving plantarflexion and inversion. These injuries often result in restriction of movements that will limit gait (Crosbie, Green, Refshauge, 1999). Even in the event of injury to one ankle, the sensorimotor and postural deficits can be bilateral due to central processing of motor control information (Munna et. al., 2010, Monaghan et. al., 2006). The primary aim of a chiropractic adjustment is to increase joint range of motion (Fryer, Mudge, McLaughlin, 2002) and to correct local joint dysfunction (Pellow & Brantingham, 2001). No prior research has been done using the Zebris FDM-system to analyze changes in gait after ankle adjustment. Method: Sixty participants between the age of 15 and 45 years were recruited. The participants were asked to sign a consent form after which a thorough case history, full physical exam and foot and ankle regional examination were performed. Participants were included in the study if they were of the correct age, had a chronic history of minor ankle sprain and had palpable motion restrictions of ankle joint range of motion. Participants were excluded if they had a history of severe ankle injury or ankle surgery, had any contraindications to chiropractic adjustment or were currently undergoing any other treatment that could interfere with the study, including the use of certain medications. Each participant underwent a gait assessment before and after they received a chiropractic adjustment to the restricted ankle joint. Procedure: Objective measurements were obtained using the Zebris FDM-system before and after participants received one chiropractic adjustment using a long axis distraction technique. The Zebris FDM-system uses capacitive force sensors arranged on a platform in a high density. The measuring plate allows dynamic force distribution to be analysed during gait. The length of the Zebris platform allowed successive footfalls to be captured and measurements taken during three full gait cycles were used in the analysis. All data was processed using the WinFDM program to produce a gait report (Zebris Medical GmbH, 2008) Results: A statistically significant change was seen in the single support line on the non-adjusted side. Changes were measured in the other gait parameters although they were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study has shown that chiropractic adjustment of the ankle joint has an effect on the path of centre of pressure and foot rotation during gait. It also helps clinicians to see that the adjustment has a bilateral effect. Future studies will be able to determine whether this is a positive or a negative outcome as the limits of normal and pathological gait using these parameters have not yet been set. Chiropractors can treat patients with a history of chronic ankle sprain more effectively if they have a better understanding of residual motion restrictions and movement patterns after acute ankle sprain. A future study including several treatments could be beneficial as clinical chiropractic practice would most likely involve more than one treatment of a patient with a history of ankle sprain. In this way the lasting and accumulative effects of chiropractic adjustment could be measured.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Niekerk, Emmerentia Margaretha
- Date: 2014-06-04
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Ankle , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Gait in humans
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11034
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Problem Statement: Ankle sprains are one of the most common acute injuries treated by physicians (Pellow & Brantingham, 2001). Most ankle sprains involve the lateral ankle ligaments, with the anterior tibiotalar ligament being the most commonly affected in injuries involving plantarflexion and inversion. These injuries often result in restriction of movements that will limit gait (Crosbie, Green, Refshauge, 1999). Even in the event of injury to one ankle, the sensorimotor and postural deficits can be bilateral due to central processing of motor control information (Munna et. al., 2010, Monaghan et. al., 2006). The primary aim of a chiropractic adjustment is to increase joint range of motion (Fryer, Mudge, McLaughlin, 2002) and to correct local joint dysfunction (Pellow & Brantingham, 2001). No prior research has been done using the Zebris FDM-system to analyze changes in gait after ankle adjustment. Method: Sixty participants between the age of 15 and 45 years were recruited. The participants were asked to sign a consent form after which a thorough case history, full physical exam and foot and ankle regional examination were performed. Participants were included in the study if they were of the correct age, had a chronic history of minor ankle sprain and had palpable motion restrictions of ankle joint range of motion. Participants were excluded if they had a history of severe ankle injury or ankle surgery, had any contraindications to chiropractic adjustment or were currently undergoing any other treatment that could interfere with the study, including the use of certain medications. Each participant underwent a gait assessment before and after they received a chiropractic adjustment to the restricted ankle joint. Procedure: Objective measurements were obtained using the Zebris FDM-system before and after participants received one chiropractic adjustment using a long axis distraction technique. The Zebris FDM-system uses capacitive force sensors arranged on a platform in a high density. The measuring plate allows dynamic force distribution to be analysed during gait. The length of the Zebris platform allowed successive footfalls to be captured and measurements taken during three full gait cycles were used in the analysis. All data was processed using the WinFDM program to produce a gait report (Zebris Medical GmbH, 2008) Results: A statistically significant change was seen in the single support line on the non-adjusted side. Changes were measured in the other gait parameters although they were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study has shown that chiropractic adjustment of the ankle joint has an effect on the path of centre of pressure and foot rotation during gait. It also helps clinicians to see that the adjustment has a bilateral effect. Future studies will be able to determine whether this is a positive or a negative outcome as the limits of normal and pathological gait using these parameters have not yet been set. Chiropractors can treat patients with a history of chronic ankle sprain more effectively if they have a better understanding of residual motion restrictions and movement patterns after acute ankle sprain. A future study including several treatments could be beneficial as clinical chiropractic practice would most likely involve more than one treatment of a patient with a history of ankle sprain. In this way the lasting and accumulative effects of chiropractic adjustment could be measured.
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