The effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation of cervicogenic headache in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises
- Authors: Anderson, Michael Drew
- Date: 2014-05-08
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Headache - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10987 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10560
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Cervicogenic Headache is a common musculoskeletal disorder afflicting people worldwide. It causes decreased productivity and mild to severe disability and thus has a large socio-economic impact on society. Much research is needed to improve the successful management of patients afflicted with this disorder. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of spinal manipulation alone and spinal manipulation in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises in the treatment of cervicogenic headache. Thirty eligible participants conforming to the North American Cervicogenic Headache Society classification of cervicogenic headache were solicited and randomly assigned to two groups of fifteen. Group 1 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine. Group 2 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine as well as cervical stabilization exercises. Patients were treated eight times over a four-week period with a six-week follow-up consultation thereafter. Objective and subjective measurements were taken at. the first, fourth, eighth and six-week follow-up consultations. Objective measurements consisted of cervical spine range of motion measurements. Subjective measures consisted of the Vernon-Mior neck pain and disability index and the numerical pain rating scale. Both groups displayed numerical improvements in all cervical spine ranges of motion. Both groups had statistically significant improvements in cervical spine right lateral flexion, while group 1 only had a statistically significant improvement in cervical spine left lateral flexion. Both groups displayed statistically significant improvements in the subjective measures. However, neither group had a statistically significant improvement over the other. It can be concluded that neither spinal manipulative therapy nor spinal manipulative therapy in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises is more effective than the other. Thus rehabilitation of the cervicogenic headache patient yielded no measurable added benefit to spinal manipulative therapy only. However, results indicate that if more rigid or complex application of cervical spine stability training is incorporated, superior results may be achieved.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Anderson, Michael Drew
- Date: 2014-05-08
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Headache - Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10987 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10560
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Cervicogenic Headache is a common musculoskeletal disorder afflicting people worldwide. It causes decreased productivity and mild to severe disability and thus has a large socio-economic impact on society. Much research is needed to improve the successful management of patients afflicted with this disorder. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of spinal manipulation alone and spinal manipulation in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises in the treatment of cervicogenic headache. Thirty eligible participants conforming to the North American Cervicogenic Headache Society classification of cervicogenic headache were solicited and randomly assigned to two groups of fifteen. Group 1 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine. Group 2 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine as well as cervical stabilization exercises. Patients were treated eight times over a four-week period with a six-week follow-up consultation thereafter. Objective and subjective measurements were taken at. the first, fourth, eighth and six-week follow-up consultations. Objective measurements consisted of cervical spine range of motion measurements. Subjective measures consisted of the Vernon-Mior neck pain and disability index and the numerical pain rating scale. Both groups displayed numerical improvements in all cervical spine ranges of motion. Both groups had statistically significant improvements in cervical spine right lateral flexion, while group 1 only had a statistically significant improvement in cervical spine left lateral flexion. Both groups displayed statistically significant improvements in the subjective measures. However, neither group had a statistically significant improvement over the other. It can be concluded that neither spinal manipulative therapy nor spinal manipulative therapy in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises is more effective than the other. Thus rehabilitation of the cervicogenic headache patient yielded no measurable added benefit to spinal manipulative therapy only. However, results indicate that if more rigid or complex application of cervical spine stability training is incorporated, superior results may be achieved.
- Full Text:
Comparing rib cervical and thoracic chiropractic adjustments versus adjustments alone on the quality of life of the adult asthmatic
- Authors: Barker, Juanita R.
- Date: 2009-06-22T07:00:42Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2684
- Description: M.Tech.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Barker, Juanita R.
- Date: 2009-06-22T07:00:42Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2684
- Description: M.Tech.
- Full Text: false
A comparative study of soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy versus Chiropractic manipulative and mobilization therapy, or a combination of both treatments in the treatment of acute Achilles Tendinitis
- Authors: Borowsky, Wayne Alan
- Date: 2012-09-10
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9921 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7320
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy, versus chiropractic manipulation and mobilization therapy, or a combination of the aforementioned therapeutic protocols in the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis. In executing the comparison, it was hypothesized that both treatment protocols would be effective, but the combined therapy would be the most effective for the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis, as this treatment protocol focused not only on the symptomatic pathological area entailing the Achilles tendon in this case, but also focused on the entire kinetic chain which perhaps was contributing to the pathomec.hanics in turn causing Achilles tendinitis. It is hoped that this combined therapy will be more effective in terms of a more speedy recovery and long term effect. This will not only benefit the patient from the point of view of health and quality of life, but financially as well, as less consultation fees will have to be paid. Patients were recruited for the study by the use of advertisements in newspapers and posters, or from patients entering the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic Day Clinic complaining of Achilles pain. Only those forty-five patients who conformed to the specified delimitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into three groups of fifteen patients each. Group one received chiropractic manipulative and mobilisation therapy and group two received soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Each patient received eight treatments over a three week period, ie. three treatments in weeks one and two, and two treatments in week three. After the treatment period there was a month break from the treatment and a follow-up consultation at the end of this month. This follow-up period was used to determine the lasting effects of the treatment protocol. The subjective data was collected with the use of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The objective data was obtained from readings on the digital inclinometer, showing the extent of the ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, as well as from muscle activity levels in the triceps surae complex, recorded with the use of electromyography. Depending on normality being reached, both parametric testing and non-parametric tests were used to analyse the data. These tests were conducted on a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that all three treatments were in treating acute Achilles tendinitis. Treatment received by group one caused a generalized increase in EMG muscle activity levels specifically in the triceps surae, where as group two and group threes' treatment protocols caused an overall decrease in EMG muscle activity levels in the triceps surae. Group one showed the greatest improvement achieved in ankle range of motion in both dorsiflexion and plantarflexion throughout the study. And group one and group three showed the most significant response to treatment in terms of 100% reduction of pain and return to activity. Overall it was deduced that chiropractic manipulative and mobilization therapy were very effective in creating an increase in range of motion of the ankle joint as well as causing a significant improvement in reduction of pain in the Achilles tendon. It was noted that soft tissue therapy was beneficial in certain cases in terms of causing a relaxation in the triceps surae, as well as clearing any scar (fibrin) tissue found in the Achilles tendon. In summary group three showed the best response to treatment carried out in the study. The therapy used in group three not only directly treats the pathological injured-,Achilles tendon and associated triceps surae, but also the kinetic chain, thereby correcting any biomechanical dysfunction that could potentially be the cause of tension overload in the Achilles tendon.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Borowsky, Wayne Alan
- Date: 2012-09-10
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9921 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7320
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy, versus chiropractic manipulation and mobilization therapy, or a combination of the aforementioned therapeutic protocols in the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis. In executing the comparison, it was hypothesized that both treatment protocols would be effective, but the combined therapy would be the most effective for the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis, as this treatment protocol focused not only on the symptomatic pathological area entailing the Achilles tendon in this case, but also focused on the entire kinetic chain which perhaps was contributing to the pathomec.hanics in turn causing Achilles tendinitis. It is hoped that this combined therapy will be more effective in terms of a more speedy recovery and long term effect. This will not only benefit the patient from the point of view of health and quality of life, but financially as well, as less consultation fees will have to be paid. Patients were recruited for the study by the use of advertisements in newspapers and posters, or from patients entering the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic Day Clinic complaining of Achilles pain. Only those forty-five patients who conformed to the specified delimitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into three groups of fifteen patients each. Group one received chiropractic manipulative and mobilisation therapy and group two received soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Each patient received eight treatments over a three week period, ie. three treatments in weeks one and two, and two treatments in week three. After the treatment period there was a month break from the treatment and a follow-up consultation at the end of this month. This follow-up period was used to determine the lasting effects of the treatment protocol. The subjective data was collected with the use of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The objective data was obtained from readings on the digital inclinometer, showing the extent of the ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, as well as from muscle activity levels in the triceps surae complex, recorded with the use of electromyography. Depending on normality being reached, both parametric testing and non-parametric tests were used to analyse the data. These tests were conducted on a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that all three treatments were in treating acute Achilles tendinitis. Treatment received by group one caused a generalized increase in EMG muscle activity levels specifically in the triceps surae, where as group two and group threes' treatment protocols caused an overall decrease in EMG muscle activity levels in the triceps surae. Group one showed the greatest improvement achieved in ankle range of motion in both dorsiflexion and plantarflexion throughout the study. And group one and group three showed the most significant response to treatment in terms of 100% reduction of pain and return to activity. Overall it was deduced that chiropractic manipulative and mobilization therapy were very effective in creating an increase in range of motion of the ankle joint as well as causing a significant improvement in reduction of pain in the Achilles tendon. It was noted that soft tissue therapy was beneficial in certain cases in terms of causing a relaxation in the triceps surae, as well as clearing any scar (fibrin) tissue found in the Achilles tendon. In summary group three showed the best response to treatment carried out in the study. The therapy used in group three not only directly treats the pathological injured-,Achilles tendon and associated triceps surae, but also the kinetic chain, thereby correcting any biomechanical dysfunction that could potentially be the cause of tension overload in the Achilles tendon.
- Full Text:
A study to compare the effect of lumbar spine adjustments, rectus femoris muscle stretches and a combination of both treatments on the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscles
- Authors: Boshoff, Anèe
- Date: 2012-03-27
- Subjects: Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic , Lumbar vertebrae treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2193 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4584
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, randomised pilot study was performed to determine and compare the effect of innervation specific lumbar spine adjustments and stretching on the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscles in asymptomatic subjects. Twelve asymptomatic subjects between the ages of 20 and 30 years were recruited by the use of advertisements placed around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus. The inclusion criteria required that the patient had decreased rectus femoris muscle flexibility (testing positive on the rectus femoris contracture test) and no history of, or any current osteoarthritis or pathology of the hips or knees. The patients were randomly placed into one of three groups by drawing a group number from a closed bag. Group 1 consisted of four subjects receiving a single lumbar spine adjustment per treatment relating to the most restricted segment in the L2-L4 area as well as bilateral proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) of the rectus femoris muscles; Group 2 consisted of four subjects receiving bilateral rectus femoris muscle stretches (PNF); and Group 3 consisted of four subjects who received a single lumbar spine adjustment at the L2-L4 area to the most restricted segment found. One adjustment per treatment was performed. With the subject in the rectus femoris contracture test position, a goniometer was used to measure the knee range of motion bilaterally before and after treatments. These measurements were used as objective data. Each subject was treated twelve times over a four to six week period. The objective results indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in rectus femoris muscle flexibility in both Group 1 and Group 3. In conclusion, it was shown that specific adjustments at the spinal level of the nerve innervation for the rectus femoris muscle resulted in an improvement of the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscle and with a greater effect on the leg ipsilateral to the side of the spinal adjustment. This gives support for the effectiveness of innervation specific spinal adjustments.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Boshoff, Anèe
- Date: 2012-03-27
- Subjects: Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic , Lumbar vertebrae treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2193 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4584
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, randomised pilot study was performed to determine and compare the effect of innervation specific lumbar spine adjustments and stretching on the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscles in asymptomatic subjects. Twelve asymptomatic subjects between the ages of 20 and 30 years were recruited by the use of advertisements placed around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus. The inclusion criteria required that the patient had decreased rectus femoris muscle flexibility (testing positive on the rectus femoris contracture test) and no history of, or any current osteoarthritis or pathology of the hips or knees. The patients were randomly placed into one of three groups by drawing a group number from a closed bag. Group 1 consisted of four subjects receiving a single lumbar spine adjustment per treatment relating to the most restricted segment in the L2-L4 area as well as bilateral proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) of the rectus femoris muscles; Group 2 consisted of four subjects receiving bilateral rectus femoris muscle stretches (PNF); and Group 3 consisted of four subjects who received a single lumbar spine adjustment at the L2-L4 area to the most restricted segment found. One adjustment per treatment was performed. With the subject in the rectus femoris contracture test position, a goniometer was used to measure the knee range of motion bilaterally before and after treatments. These measurements were used as objective data. Each subject was treated twelve times over a four to six week period. The objective results indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in rectus femoris muscle flexibility in both Group 1 and Group 3. In conclusion, it was shown that specific adjustments at the spinal level of the nerve innervation for the rectus femoris muscle resulted in an improvement of the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscle and with a greater effect on the leg ipsilateral to the side of the spinal adjustment. This gives support for the effectiveness of innervation specific spinal adjustments.
- Full Text:
The effects of chiropractic treatment on patients' quality of life
- Authors: Bruckner, Rene
- Date: 2012-08-16
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Quality of life
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9507 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5936
- Description: M.Tech. , The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic care has an effect on a patient's quality of life using the endpoints of: "the ability to perform general activities of daily living" (patient's level of disability, and restored function) and their "general emotional state" (energy level, depression, interference from emotional problems and feeling of wellness), also how these endpoints affect quality of life. Two hundred and fifty-three subjects participated in this study. The inclusion requirements were that subjects had to be aged 20 — 60, having been under chiropractic care previously. The subjects were recruited from 14 private practices from the whole of South Africa. All subjects were required to complete a self administered quality of life questionnaire. The quality of life questionnaire was developed to suit the South African population. Each questionnaire took about 5 minutes to complete. Domains used to calculate the results were changes in aerobic activity, physical activity, hygiene, activities of daily living and emotional state, after chiropractic care compared to before chiropractic care. The results overall showed that subjects experienced an improvement in their quality of life after chiropractic care. Chiropractic care therefore, had a beneficial effect on patients' quality of life. The overall results were statistically significant. The researcher therefore concludes that chiropractic care has an effect on patients' quality of life. It is recommended that future studies / research utilize a more comprehensively developed research questionnaire
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bruckner, Rene
- Date: 2012-08-16
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Quality of life
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:9507 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5936
- Description: M.Tech. , The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic care has an effect on a patient's quality of life using the endpoints of: "the ability to perform general activities of daily living" (patient's level of disability, and restored function) and their "general emotional state" (energy level, depression, interference from emotional problems and feeling of wellness), also how these endpoints affect quality of life. Two hundred and fifty-three subjects participated in this study. The inclusion requirements were that subjects had to be aged 20 — 60, having been under chiropractic care previously. The subjects were recruited from 14 private practices from the whole of South Africa. All subjects were required to complete a self administered quality of life questionnaire. The quality of life questionnaire was developed to suit the South African population. Each questionnaire took about 5 minutes to complete. Domains used to calculate the results were changes in aerobic activity, physical activity, hygiene, activities of daily living and emotional state, after chiropractic care compared to before chiropractic care. The results overall showed that subjects experienced an improvement in their quality of life after chiropractic care. Chiropractic care therefore, had a beneficial effect on patients' quality of life. The overall results were statistically significant. The researcher therefore concludes that chiropractic care has an effect on patients' quality of life. It is recommended that future studies / research utilize a more comprehensively developed research questionnaire
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Investigating the effects of chiropractic manipulative therapy in power output over a one kilometer distance in asymptomatic amateur cyclists
- Authors: Coetzee, Marius
- Date: 2015-07-15
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cycling - Physiological aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13778 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14043
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Background: Sport as a whole, and especially cycling, has become a major part of the majority of the world population’s daily lives. There have been several studies done to determine the effects of chiropractic treatment on individual muscle groups (Maris, 2003; Sher, 2002). However, very few studies have been done to look at the combined effects of chiropractic on the performance of specific sports. Objective: To investigate the effects of chiropractic manipulative therapy on power output over a one kilometer distance in asymptomatic amateur cyclists. Method: The study consisted of 30 participants. All participants accepted had to meet the inclusion criteria. They were equally and randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received chiropractic therapy of the lumbar spine. Group 2 received chiropractic therapy of the sacroiliac joint whilst participants in Group 3 received no immediate intervention as they were the control group. Participants in Group 1 and 2 were motion palpated to determine the level of spinal dysfunction. All three groups then cycled on a stationary bike for a one kilometer sprint. Allocated treatment for Group 1 and Group 2 then followed, with Group 3 receiving no intervention. Objective measurements consisted of average power output as well as time over the one kilometer distance from start to finish. Results: Both test groups showed significant clinical as well as statistical improvement over the six week clinical study period. This means that as the average power output measurements increased, the time decreased for both Group 1 and Group 2. Although there were some degree of increased power output and decrease in time of Group 3, it was not significant enough to say that they had increased performance. Conclusion: Chiropractic manipulative therapy did cause an increase in average power output in asymptomatic amateur cyclists over a one kilometer distance.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Coetzee, Marius
- Date: 2015-07-15
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cycling - Physiological aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13778 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14043
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Background: Sport as a whole, and especially cycling, has become a major part of the majority of the world population’s daily lives. There have been several studies done to determine the effects of chiropractic treatment on individual muscle groups (Maris, 2003; Sher, 2002). However, very few studies have been done to look at the combined effects of chiropractic on the performance of specific sports. Objective: To investigate the effects of chiropractic manipulative therapy on power output over a one kilometer distance in asymptomatic amateur cyclists. Method: The study consisted of 30 participants. All participants accepted had to meet the inclusion criteria. They were equally and randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received chiropractic therapy of the lumbar spine. Group 2 received chiropractic therapy of the sacroiliac joint whilst participants in Group 3 received no immediate intervention as they were the control group. Participants in Group 1 and 2 were motion palpated to determine the level of spinal dysfunction. All three groups then cycled on a stationary bike for a one kilometer sprint. Allocated treatment for Group 1 and Group 2 then followed, with Group 3 receiving no intervention. Objective measurements consisted of average power output as well as time over the one kilometer distance from start to finish. Results: Both test groups showed significant clinical as well as statistical improvement over the six week clinical study period. This means that as the average power output measurements increased, the time decreased for both Group 1 and Group 2. Although there were some degree of increased power output and decrease in time of Group 3, it was not significant enough to say that they had increased performance. Conclusion: Chiropractic manipulative therapy did cause an increase in average power output in asymptomatic amateur cyclists over a one kilometer distance.
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Chiropractic adjustive therapy on sprint time and vertical jump height in rugby players
- Authors: Conradie, Érnsl
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Muscles - Motility , Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Rugby football - Physiological aspects , Rugby football players - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9914
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: To determine the effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints on performance indicators such as sprint times and vertical jump height in asymptomatic, moderate-to-highly-active rugby players. Any dysfunction in the spine can affect biomechanics; neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, as well as the surrounding muscles, and can therefore decrease performance. Methods: The study involved 60 asymptomatic male participants who were moderate-to-highly-active individuals as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The 60 participants were divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n=30) received chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and the control group (n=30) rested for five minutes. The study design was based on the once-off model. The objective data used in the study was obtained by the vertical jump height test and the 30-metre sprint speed test. These tests were used to test the participants‟ explosive power and speed, and were obtained before and after the intervention. The immediate effect was obtained by comparing the measurements of the performance indicators before and after the intervention. Results: The objective results showed that there were improvements in vertical jump height for both the forwards and the backs (rugby players) in the experimental group. Following the chiropractic adjustment, the forwards increased their vertical jump heights by 0.007m (0.5050m-0.4980m) and the backs by 0.017m (0.5245m-0.5075m). In the control group, the forwards jumped 0.01m (0.5071m-0.4971m) lower than before the five-minute rest, and the backs jumped 0.0053m higher (0.5396m-0.5343m). In the sprint speed test, both the forwards and the backs in both the experimental and the control groups performed better when they completed the indicators after the interventions. The forwards in the experimental group ran 0.146s (4.8050s-4.6590s) faster, while the backs ran 0.1055s (4.6040s-4.4985s) faster. In the control group, the forwards ran 0.1358s (5.0329s-4.8971s) faster, while the backs ran 0.0474s (4.6961s-4.6487s) faster. vii Conclusion: In the experimental group, the results demonstrated performance improvements in both the vertical jump height test and the sprint speed test for the forwards as well as the backs. In the control group, the backs performed better in the vertical jump height and the sprint speed test, while the forwards in the control group performed better in the vertical jump height test and worse in the sprint speed test. The improvements in the experimental group occurred for both the forwards and the backs, and were greater than for the control group. It can therefore be suggested that the improvements noted were as a result of the chiropractic adjustments having provided a biomechanical advantage.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Conradie, Érnsl
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Muscles - Motility , Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Rugby football - Physiological aspects , Rugby football players - Health and hygiene
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9914
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: To determine the effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints on performance indicators such as sprint times and vertical jump height in asymptomatic, moderate-to-highly-active rugby players. Any dysfunction in the spine can affect biomechanics; neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, as well as the surrounding muscles, and can therefore decrease performance. Methods: The study involved 60 asymptomatic male participants who were moderate-to-highly-active individuals as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The 60 participants were divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n=30) received chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and the control group (n=30) rested for five minutes. The study design was based on the once-off model. The objective data used in the study was obtained by the vertical jump height test and the 30-metre sprint speed test. These tests were used to test the participants‟ explosive power and speed, and were obtained before and after the intervention. The immediate effect was obtained by comparing the measurements of the performance indicators before and after the intervention. Results: The objective results showed that there were improvements in vertical jump height for both the forwards and the backs (rugby players) in the experimental group. Following the chiropractic adjustment, the forwards increased their vertical jump heights by 0.007m (0.5050m-0.4980m) and the backs by 0.017m (0.5245m-0.5075m). In the control group, the forwards jumped 0.01m (0.5071m-0.4971m) lower than before the five-minute rest, and the backs jumped 0.0053m higher (0.5396m-0.5343m). In the sprint speed test, both the forwards and the backs in both the experimental and the control groups performed better when they completed the indicators after the interventions. The forwards in the experimental group ran 0.146s (4.8050s-4.6590s) faster, while the backs ran 0.1055s (4.6040s-4.4985s) faster. In the control group, the forwards ran 0.1358s (5.0329s-4.8971s) faster, while the backs ran 0.0474s (4.6961s-4.6487s) faster. vii Conclusion: In the experimental group, the results demonstrated performance improvements in both the vertical jump height test and the sprint speed test for the forwards as well as the backs. In the control group, the backs performed better in the vertical jump height and the sprint speed test, while the forwards in the control group performed better in the vertical jump height test and worse in the sprint speed test. The improvements in the experimental group occurred for both the forwards and the backs, and were greater than for the control group. It can therefore be suggested that the improvements noted were as a result of the chiropractic adjustments having provided a biomechanical advantage.
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The efficacy of conducting heat through a needle to alleviate post-needling soreness
- Authors: Dampier, Donielle
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Thermotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4623 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9966
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is often seen in clinical practice as a cause for pain. It is characterized as a dull ache to a burning pain that can cause referral of pain to other areas of the body (Travell and Simons, 1999). One method used to treat this, is by dry-needling therapy (DNT). DNT has proved to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain, but it has shown to cause post needling soreness. This soreness discourages many patients from receiving further dry-needling or treatment (Kamanli et al. 2005). Ways to help alleviate post-soreness are heat, stretching, ultrasound and application of pressure (Fleckenstein et al. 2010). All these modalities are done after the needle has been removed. This then adds an extra modality to the treatment as well as increased treatment time; therefore these modalities are often skipped by practitioners (Hong, 1994). Another factor to look at is that many of these modalities have not been researched objectively for effectiveness on relieving the post-needling soreness (Kamanli et al. 2005). Using a moxi cigar, placed on top of the acupuncture needle whilst inserted into the active trigger point is a way in which heat as a modality to treat post-needling soreness can be combined into the needling time. Aim of study: The aim was to investigate if heat conduction using a moxi cigar is an effective modality in alleviating post-needling soreness when treating myofascial pain syndrome with DNT. Methodology: The trial comprised of 90 participants divided randomly into three equal groups. Group 1 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle only. Group 2 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, with the addition of the burning moxi cigar to conduct heat through the acupuncture needle to the trigger point. Group 3 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, followed by 5 minutes of ultrasound therapy over the acupoint. Each participant was treated once with readings being recorded pre-treatment, post-treatment and then final readings were taken 24 hours post-treatment. Subjective data was in the form of a numerical pain scale questionnaire and a pain diary. Objective data was CROM and algometer readings. Data analysis: data collected by the researcher was analyzed with the help of a statistician at STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. After consultation, it was concluded that results would be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene’s test for equal variances. For all objective data collected, parametric testing would be used on objective data. The parametric tests used were: One way Anova and Post Hoc test. For subjective data, non-parametric testing was used on subjective data namely: Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusion: Based on the results, clinically, the study showed that dry needling with the addition of ultrasound or moxibustion, as a treatment for post-needling soreness did appear to have better results. The use of these two added modalities did ease post-needling soreness which for many patients is the reason they don’t wish to receive further dry-needling treatment. When using moxibustion the post-needling soreness is eased. This added treatment can be used during the dry needling and does not require additional treatment time for the practitioner or for the patient. To conclude, the efficacy of using a moxibustion to alleviate post-needling soreness has been seen clinically. This treatment can be used with minimal addition treatment time and could be used in clinical practice.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dampier, Donielle
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Thermotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4623 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9966
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is often seen in clinical practice as a cause for pain. It is characterized as a dull ache to a burning pain that can cause referral of pain to other areas of the body (Travell and Simons, 1999). One method used to treat this, is by dry-needling therapy (DNT). DNT has proved to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain, but it has shown to cause post needling soreness. This soreness discourages many patients from receiving further dry-needling or treatment (Kamanli et al. 2005). Ways to help alleviate post-soreness are heat, stretching, ultrasound and application of pressure (Fleckenstein et al. 2010). All these modalities are done after the needle has been removed. This then adds an extra modality to the treatment as well as increased treatment time; therefore these modalities are often skipped by practitioners (Hong, 1994). Another factor to look at is that many of these modalities have not been researched objectively for effectiveness on relieving the post-needling soreness (Kamanli et al. 2005). Using a moxi cigar, placed on top of the acupuncture needle whilst inserted into the active trigger point is a way in which heat as a modality to treat post-needling soreness can be combined into the needling time. Aim of study: The aim was to investigate if heat conduction using a moxi cigar is an effective modality in alleviating post-needling soreness when treating myofascial pain syndrome with DNT. Methodology: The trial comprised of 90 participants divided randomly into three equal groups. Group 1 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle only. Group 2 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, with the addition of the burning moxi cigar to conduct heat through the acupuncture needle to the trigger point. Group 3 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, followed by 5 minutes of ultrasound therapy over the acupoint. Each participant was treated once with readings being recorded pre-treatment, post-treatment and then final readings were taken 24 hours post-treatment. Subjective data was in the form of a numerical pain scale questionnaire and a pain diary. Objective data was CROM and algometer readings. Data analysis: data collected by the researcher was analyzed with the help of a statistician at STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. After consultation, it was concluded that results would be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene’s test for equal variances. For all objective data collected, parametric testing would be used on objective data. The parametric tests used were: One way Anova and Post Hoc test. For subjective data, non-parametric testing was used on subjective data namely: Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusion: Based on the results, clinically, the study showed that dry needling with the addition of ultrasound or moxibustion, as a treatment for post-needling soreness did appear to have better results. The use of these two added modalities did ease post-needling soreness which for many patients is the reason they don’t wish to receive further dry-needling treatment. When using moxibustion the post-needling soreness is eased. This added treatment can be used during the dry needling and does not require additional treatment time for the practitioner or for the patient. To conclude, the efficacy of using a moxibustion to alleviate post-needling soreness has been seen clinically. This treatment can be used with minimal addition treatment time and could be used in clinical practice.
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The effects of diversified chiropractic manipulation versus sacro-occipital technique in chiropractic management of sacroiliac syndrome
- Authors: Dell, Charmaine
- Date: 2008-09-01T10:19:33Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/374055 , uj:4241 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/959
- Description: Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effects of Diversified Manipulation versus Sacro-Occipital Technique in the management and treatment of Sacroiliac Syndrome. Method: This study consisted of two groups, a Diversified group consisting of 15 subjects with Sacroiliac Syndrome and a Sacro-Occipital Technique group consisting of 15 subjects with Sacroiliac Syndrome. The subjects were between the ages of 18 and 55 years. Potential candidates were examined and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Diversified group received Diversified Manipulative therapy to the sacroiliac joint, while the Sacro-Occipital group received SOT Category 2 blocking, from which the subjective and objective findings were based. Procedure: Each successful candidate was treated six times over a two-week period. Before the commencement of the treatment one, three and six, the candidate completed the Oswestry Back Pain and Disability Index questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Digital Inclinometer readings were taken of the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral regions of the spine. Sacroiliac Manipulation was then administered to the Diversified group based on the restrictions obtained during motion palpation. Category 2 blocking was administered to the Sacro-Occipital Technique group based on the SOT Category 2 categorization test findings. The same treatment was administered at each of the six treatment sessions. Results: Objective statistically significant differences were noted on lateral flexion range of motion, in favour of the Sacro-Occipital Technique group. Subjective readings also showed statistically significant differences with regards to Oswestry Back Pain and Disability Index and Numerical Pain Rating Scale in favour of both the Diversified group and the Sacro-Occipital Technique group. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that both Sacro-Occipital Technique and Diversified have a positive effect on patients suffering from Sacroiliac Syndrome. However, Sacro-Occipital Technique proved to have a greater overall benefit compared to Diversified manipulation in the treatment and management of Sacroiliac Syndrome. It should be emphasized that the present study was a pilot study to determine the effects of Diversified manipulation versus Sacro-Occipital Technique in the management of Sacroiliac Syndrome. Accurate conclusions could not be formulated due to the remainder non-significant statistical findings obtained from the study; therefore further research needs to be conducted on this comparative study. , Dr. B. Losco Dr. C. D. Losco
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dell, Charmaine
- Date: 2008-09-01T10:19:33Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/374055 , uj:4241 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/959
- Description: Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effects of Diversified Manipulation versus Sacro-Occipital Technique in the management and treatment of Sacroiliac Syndrome. Method: This study consisted of two groups, a Diversified group consisting of 15 subjects with Sacroiliac Syndrome and a Sacro-Occipital Technique group consisting of 15 subjects with Sacroiliac Syndrome. The subjects were between the ages of 18 and 55 years. Potential candidates were examined and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Diversified group received Diversified Manipulative therapy to the sacroiliac joint, while the Sacro-Occipital group received SOT Category 2 blocking, from which the subjective and objective findings were based. Procedure: Each successful candidate was treated six times over a two-week period. Before the commencement of the treatment one, three and six, the candidate completed the Oswestry Back Pain and Disability Index questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Digital Inclinometer readings were taken of the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral regions of the spine. Sacroiliac Manipulation was then administered to the Diversified group based on the restrictions obtained during motion palpation. Category 2 blocking was administered to the Sacro-Occipital Technique group based on the SOT Category 2 categorization test findings. The same treatment was administered at each of the six treatment sessions. Results: Objective statistically significant differences were noted on lateral flexion range of motion, in favour of the Sacro-Occipital Technique group. Subjective readings also showed statistically significant differences with regards to Oswestry Back Pain and Disability Index and Numerical Pain Rating Scale in favour of both the Diversified group and the Sacro-Occipital Technique group. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that both Sacro-Occipital Technique and Diversified have a positive effect on patients suffering from Sacroiliac Syndrome. However, Sacro-Occipital Technique proved to have a greater overall benefit compared to Diversified manipulation in the treatment and management of Sacroiliac Syndrome. It should be emphasized that the present study was a pilot study to determine the effects of Diversified manipulation versus Sacro-Occipital Technique in the management of Sacroiliac Syndrome. Accurate conclusions could not be formulated due to the remainder non-significant statistical findings obtained from the study; therefore further research needs to be conducted on this comparative study. , Dr. B. Losco Dr. C. D. Losco
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The immediate effect of sacroiliac joint adjustment on functional leg length inequality
- Authors: Dryden-Schofield, Cherie
- Date: 2013-12-09
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Sacroiliac joint , Leg length inequality , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7823 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8717
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: To establish the immediate effect of sacroiliac joint adjustment on functional leg length Method: Seventy participants were randomly divided in two equal groups. Participants of Group A (n=35) leg length was measured pre and immediately post adjustment of dysfunctional sacroiliac joint. Group B (n=35) received the same assessment protocol with no adjustment being administered. The trial consisted of one treatment session only in which all data was obtained. Objective data consisted of measuring participant’s leg length from the anterior superior iliac spine to the apex of the medial malleolus using the standardized tape measure method. Subjective data was obtained through performing four sacroiliac joint orthopaedic tests or each participant’s and recording the results. Results: The subjective results showed positive results in at least three out of four of the orthopedic tests for the participants of both groups. The sacral thrust technique and sacroiliac joint compression showed a greater percentage positive result in Group A at 91.4% where as the sacroiliac joint distraction was positive in 94.3% of the participants in Group B. Gaenslen’s showed the least accuracy with a positive result in 82.9% of participants in Group A and 74.3% in Group B. Objectively, Shapiro-Wilk analysis indicated a statistically significant (p =0.014) change in the length of the left leg after treatment in Group A. A significant change in the length of both the right (p = 0.002) and left (p = 0.034) leg was found in Group B following assessment. Conclusion: The study showed that adjustment of the sacroiliac joint does not consistently result in change in functional leg length inequality. This information suggests that the assessment of functional leg length should not be used as the sole assessment tool in the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Practitioners should rather incorporate a variety of assessment methods as the inequality may be caused by factors unrelated to the dysfunction.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dryden-Schofield, Cherie
- Date: 2013-12-09
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Sacroiliac joint , Leg length inequality , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7823 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8717
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: To establish the immediate effect of sacroiliac joint adjustment on functional leg length Method: Seventy participants were randomly divided in two equal groups. Participants of Group A (n=35) leg length was measured pre and immediately post adjustment of dysfunctional sacroiliac joint. Group B (n=35) received the same assessment protocol with no adjustment being administered. The trial consisted of one treatment session only in which all data was obtained. Objective data consisted of measuring participant’s leg length from the anterior superior iliac spine to the apex of the medial malleolus using the standardized tape measure method. Subjective data was obtained through performing four sacroiliac joint orthopaedic tests or each participant’s and recording the results. Results: The subjective results showed positive results in at least three out of four of the orthopedic tests for the participants of both groups. The sacral thrust technique and sacroiliac joint compression showed a greater percentage positive result in Group A at 91.4% where as the sacroiliac joint distraction was positive in 94.3% of the participants in Group B. Gaenslen’s showed the least accuracy with a positive result in 82.9% of participants in Group A and 74.3% in Group B. Objectively, Shapiro-Wilk analysis indicated a statistically significant (p =0.014) change in the length of the left leg after treatment in Group A. A significant change in the length of both the right (p = 0.002) and left (p = 0.034) leg was found in Group B following assessment. Conclusion: The study showed that adjustment of the sacroiliac joint does not consistently result in change in functional leg length inequality. This information suggests that the assessment of functional leg length should not be used as the sole assessment tool in the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Practitioners should rather incorporate a variety of assessment methods as the inequality may be caused by factors unrelated to the dysfunction.
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The long term effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy on the activity and strength of the biceps brachii muscle
- Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Authors: Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Biceps brachii , Muscle strength , Arm - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9908
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy (CAT) to the cervical spine on the reflex motorneuron excitability of C5 and C6 nerves on the biceps brachii muscle bilaterally. This study was also aimed at measuring the subsequent increase in strength of the biceps brachii muscle. Method: A selection of 30 participants, male or female and between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Participants had to meet all the inclusion criteria and present with no contra-indications. Only one group was used as each participant served as their own control. Participants were seen seven times over a period of three weeks. The measurements were taken during the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. On the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th consultations only treatment was applied. On the 7th consultation only data was collected and no treatment was done. Results: Statistically significant improvement of dynamometry and electromyographic measurements were noted over the consultation periods on both sides. No conclusion could be made regarding the comparison of dynamometer and sEMG measurements of the biceps brachii between each consultation and between each side (left and right) over the study period. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this research it may be deduced that CAT may have an effect on the neurological system and further more an effect by increasing motorneuron excitability at sites distant to the spine itself. These results are important to the Chiropractic profession as it shows that CAT does not only produce a segmental response, but that there are wide spread effects on structures distant to the spinal column. The extent of the effects CAT can elicit on the nervous system requires further investigation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Du Plessis, Louwrens Hermias
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Biceps brachii , Muscle strength , Arm - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9908
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chiropractic adjustment therapy (CAT) to the cervical spine on the reflex motorneuron excitability of C5 and C6 nerves on the biceps brachii muscle bilaterally. This study was also aimed at measuring the subsequent increase in strength of the biceps brachii muscle. Method: A selection of 30 participants, male or female and between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Participants had to meet all the inclusion criteria and present with no contra-indications. Only one group was used as each participant served as their own control. Participants were seen seven times over a period of three weeks. The measurements were taken during the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. On the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th consultations only treatment was applied. On the 7th consultation only data was collected and no treatment was done. Results: Statistically significant improvement of dynamometry and electromyographic measurements were noted over the consultation periods on both sides. No conclusion could be made regarding the comparison of dynamometer and sEMG measurements of the biceps brachii between each consultation and between each side (left and right) over the study period. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this research it may be deduced that CAT may have an effect on the neurological system and further more an effect by increasing motorneuron excitability at sites distant to the spine itself. These results are important to the Chiropractic profession as it shows that CAT does not only produce a segmental response, but that there are wide spread effects on structures distant to the spinal column. The extent of the effects CAT can elicit on the nervous system requires further investigation.
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A randomised clinical trial investigating the efficacy of the use of Brantingham Protocol versus Hallux Abducto Valgus night splint, in the treatment of painful Hallux Abducto Valgus
- Authors: Du Plessis, Morne Pieter
- Date: 2008-09-01T10:23:38Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Hallux valgus
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4392 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/973
- Description: Hallux Abducto Valgus (HAV) is a common cause of foot pain causing deformity and often disability. The female population is more frequently affected by HAV than the male population with the two main causative factors being congenital and inappropriate footwear. Surgery is the most prevalent treatment, but it does not take into consideration the biomechanical effects on the biomechanical chain and therefore the deformity frequently reoccurs and complications after surgery are many. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of the Brantingham protocol versus the HAV Night Splint in the treatment of painful HAV. Thirty participants were selected to participate in the study and certain criteria had to be met. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, Group 1 was treated using a chiropractic protocol. The Brantingham Protocol that consisted of mobilization and specific adjustment of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was used. Group 2 was treated by the use of a HAV Night Splint. Patients were treated over a 2-week period, twice a week with a 1-week follow up and a 1-month follow up. The lasting effect of the individual treatments was determined by the follow-up periods. Objective and subjective measurements were taken at each visit. Subjective measurements consisted of the McGill pain questionnaire (Melzack, 1975) (Appendix D), visual analogue scale (Masarsky and Todres-Masarsky, 2001) (Appendix B) and the foot function index pain scale (Saag et al., 1996) (Appendix C). Objective measurements consisted of passive Plantar and Dorsiflexion of the First metatarsophalangeal joint. The results indicated a statistical and numerical significance within and between each group both subjectively and objectively. Group 1 proved to be superior to Group 2 in the treatment of painful HAV. In conclusion, both the Brantingham Protocol and the HAV Night Splint proved to be effective in the treatment of painful HAV. However, Group 1 proved to be superior to Group 2 in the treatment of painful HAV. , Dr. Birdsey Mr. Zipfel
- Full Text:
- Authors: Du Plessis, Morne Pieter
- Date: 2008-09-01T10:23:38Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Hallux valgus
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4392 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/973
- Description: Hallux Abducto Valgus (HAV) is a common cause of foot pain causing deformity and often disability. The female population is more frequently affected by HAV than the male population with the two main causative factors being congenital and inappropriate footwear. Surgery is the most prevalent treatment, but it does not take into consideration the biomechanical effects on the biomechanical chain and therefore the deformity frequently reoccurs and complications after surgery are many. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of the Brantingham protocol versus the HAV Night Splint in the treatment of painful HAV. Thirty participants were selected to participate in the study and certain criteria had to be met. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, Group 1 was treated using a chiropractic protocol. The Brantingham Protocol that consisted of mobilization and specific adjustment of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was used. Group 2 was treated by the use of a HAV Night Splint. Patients were treated over a 2-week period, twice a week with a 1-week follow up and a 1-month follow up. The lasting effect of the individual treatments was determined by the follow-up periods. Objective and subjective measurements were taken at each visit. Subjective measurements consisted of the McGill pain questionnaire (Melzack, 1975) (Appendix D), visual analogue scale (Masarsky and Todres-Masarsky, 2001) (Appendix B) and the foot function index pain scale (Saag et al., 1996) (Appendix C). Objective measurements consisted of passive Plantar and Dorsiflexion of the First metatarsophalangeal joint. The results indicated a statistical and numerical significance within and between each group both subjectively and objectively. Group 1 proved to be superior to Group 2 in the treatment of painful HAV. In conclusion, both the Brantingham Protocol and the HAV Night Splint proved to be effective in the treatment of painful HAV. However, Group 1 proved to be superior to Group 2 in the treatment of painful HAV. , Dr. Birdsey Mr. Zipfel
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The inferior angle of the scapula as a landmark to locate the seventh thoracic spinous process
- Authors: Else, Jeanette Mary
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Palpation , Spine - Anatomy , Seventh thoracic sinous process , Thoracic vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2304 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4763
- Description: M. Tech. , Although Chiropractors rely on palpation as a clinical tool, its reliability still remains to be proven (O‟Haire and Gibbons, 2000). Motion palpation is based on the assumption that Chiropractors‟ and other manual medicine practitioners‟ static palpation is performed correctly to identify bony anatomical landmarks (O‟Haire and Gibbons, 2000). The most common method taught to chiropractic students on the location of the seventh thoracic spinous process, is to place the patient‟s hand in the small of their back, forcing the inferior angle of the scapula to become more prominent. The horizontal line from the inferior angle of the scapula to the vertebral column is said to be on the seventh thoracic spinous process (T7). Therefore the scapula is a widely used anatomical landmark. One would therefore expect the literature to all be in agreement to the position of this line, but according to the literature consulted, it seems to vary. This study aimed to determine whether palpation of the inferior angle of the scapula was a reliable, accurate and/or a valid method of determining the location of the seventh thoracic spinous process. Sixty participants were marked by three examiners in the seated position, using the inferior angle of the scapula to locate the seventh thoracic spinous process. After being marked by all three examiners, measurements were then made on CT scan films as well as visual assessments by examiners to assess the location of the markers on the thoracic anatomy. The results demonstrated substantial inter-examiner reliability, and poor accuracy in locating the seventh thoracic spinous process. This is disappointing as the ability to palpate spinal levels is a basic skill and the cornerstone of Chiropractic assessment.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Else, Jeanette Mary
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Palpation , Spine - Anatomy , Seventh thoracic sinous process , Thoracic vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2304 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4763
- Description: M. Tech. , Although Chiropractors rely on palpation as a clinical tool, its reliability still remains to be proven (O‟Haire and Gibbons, 2000). Motion palpation is based on the assumption that Chiropractors‟ and other manual medicine practitioners‟ static palpation is performed correctly to identify bony anatomical landmarks (O‟Haire and Gibbons, 2000). The most common method taught to chiropractic students on the location of the seventh thoracic spinous process, is to place the patient‟s hand in the small of their back, forcing the inferior angle of the scapula to become more prominent. The horizontal line from the inferior angle of the scapula to the vertebral column is said to be on the seventh thoracic spinous process (T7). Therefore the scapula is a widely used anatomical landmark. One would therefore expect the literature to all be in agreement to the position of this line, but according to the literature consulted, it seems to vary. This study aimed to determine whether palpation of the inferior angle of the scapula was a reliable, accurate and/or a valid method of determining the location of the seventh thoracic spinous process. Sixty participants were marked by three examiners in the seated position, using the inferior angle of the scapula to locate the seventh thoracic spinous process. After being marked by all three examiners, measurements were then made on CT scan films as well as visual assessments by examiners to assess the location of the markers on the thoracic anatomy. The results demonstrated substantial inter-examiner reliability, and poor accuracy in locating the seventh thoracic spinous process. This is disappointing as the ability to palpate spinal levels is a basic skill and the cornerstone of Chiropractic assessment.
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The immediate effect of an upper cervical adjustment on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction
- Authors: Finberg, Craig Jason
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:53:02Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae - Abnormalities , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3002
- Description: M.Tech. , It has been reported that the sympathetic nerve fibres coursing with the vertebral arteries may potentially be irritated by cervical pathology such as cervical dysfunction causing vasoconstriction of the vertebro-basilar arterial system leading to an ischaemic state in particular areas in the brain (Wingfield and Gorman, 2000). This arterial insufficiency to the brain has been shown to effect higher level complex brain functions (Terrett, 1995). The purpose of this research was to determine whether atlanto-occipital joint as well as atlanto-axial joint adjustments had an immediate effect on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction. Sixty male and female asymptomatic patients took part in this study. These patients were recruited by means of word of mouth and through the use of advertisements placed in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic, Doornfontein Campus. Inclusion criteria required for patients to participate in the study included the patients (both male or female) be between the ages of 18 and 30 years, they presented with an asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and or atlanto-axial joints, not have had either Chiropractic or any other form of treatment to the cervical spine for at least six days prior to involvement in the study, had normal or corrected to normal vision and no contraindications to cervical adjustments. vi Objective data was collected by means of a mental rotation reaction time test installed on a laptop computer which measured the patients mental rotation reaction time ability in both accuracy and time to complete each test. The objective results demonstrated that there was no statistically significant increase in mental rotation ability following the Chiropractic adjustments. In conclusion, it was shown that Chiropractic adjustments performed on patients presenting with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and/or the atlanto-axial joint complexes brought about no improvement in mental rotation ability.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Finberg, Craig Jason
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:53:02Z
- Subjects: Cervical vertebrae - Abnormalities , Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3002
- Description: M.Tech. , It has been reported that the sympathetic nerve fibres coursing with the vertebral arteries may potentially be irritated by cervical pathology such as cervical dysfunction causing vasoconstriction of the vertebro-basilar arterial system leading to an ischaemic state in particular areas in the brain (Wingfield and Gorman, 2000). This arterial insufficiency to the brain has been shown to effect higher level complex brain functions (Terrett, 1995). The purpose of this research was to determine whether atlanto-occipital joint as well as atlanto-axial joint adjustments had an immediate effect on mental rotation ability in individuals with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction. Sixty male and female asymptomatic patients took part in this study. These patients were recruited by means of word of mouth and through the use of advertisements placed in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic, Doornfontein Campus. Inclusion criteria required for patients to participate in the study included the patients (both male or female) be between the ages of 18 and 30 years, they presented with an asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and or atlanto-axial joints, not have had either Chiropractic or any other form of treatment to the cervical spine for at least six days prior to involvement in the study, had normal or corrected to normal vision and no contraindications to cervical adjustments. vi Objective data was collected by means of a mental rotation reaction time test installed on a laptop computer which measured the patients mental rotation reaction time ability in both accuracy and time to complete each test. The objective results demonstrated that there was no statistically significant increase in mental rotation ability following the Chiropractic adjustments. In conclusion, it was shown that Chiropractic adjustments performed on patients presenting with asymptomatic cervical facet joint dysfunction at the atlantooccipital and/or the atlanto-axial joint complexes brought about no improvement in mental rotation ability.
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The chiropractic management of carpal tunnel syndrome
- Authors: Germishuizen, Jenny-Lee
- Date: 2012-09-10
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Carpal Tunnel syndrome , Wrist manipulations , Ultrasound therapy , Transverse friction
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:9840 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7243
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was undertaken to determine if wrist manipulations and mobilisations are valuable in the treatment of Carpal Tunnel syndrome in comparison to ultrasound therapy and transverse friction. Patients were treated at the Technikon Witwatersrand day clinic as well as at the Meyersdal Chiropractic Clinic, both situated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Thirty patients suffering from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome were selected for this study. Subjects were recruited using advertisements put up at the Technikon Witwatersrand campus as well as advertising in the local newspapers and a church newsletter. The patients were divided into two groups of fifteen. Group A received wrist manipulations and mobilisations and group B received ultrasound therapy and transverse friction. Patients were treated nine times over a three week period. Objective data was recorded using a Jamar grip strength dynamometer to test grip strength and two-point discrimination was measured using a vernier caliper. Subjective data was recorded using the Carpal Tunnel function disability form. Subjective and objective data was recorded on the first, sixth and ninth treatment. The results revealed that both group A and group B benefited from the treatment. However, group A had better results overall than group B. Both groups showed statistical significant differences in either the subjective or objective measurements. In conclusion it can be noted that chiropractic manipulations and mobilisations are effective in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Ultrasound therapy together with transverse friction was also effective in the management of this condition but not to the same degree as the chiropractic care.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Germishuizen, Jenny-Lee
- Date: 2012-09-10
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Carpal Tunnel syndrome , Wrist manipulations , Ultrasound therapy , Transverse friction
- Type: Mini-Dissertation
- Identifier: uj:9840 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7243
- Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was undertaken to determine if wrist manipulations and mobilisations are valuable in the treatment of Carpal Tunnel syndrome in comparison to ultrasound therapy and transverse friction. Patients were treated at the Technikon Witwatersrand day clinic as well as at the Meyersdal Chiropractic Clinic, both situated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Thirty patients suffering from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome were selected for this study. Subjects were recruited using advertisements put up at the Technikon Witwatersrand campus as well as advertising in the local newspapers and a church newsletter. The patients were divided into two groups of fifteen. Group A received wrist manipulations and mobilisations and group B received ultrasound therapy and transverse friction. Patients were treated nine times over a three week period. Objective data was recorded using a Jamar grip strength dynamometer to test grip strength and two-point discrimination was measured using a vernier caliper. Subjective data was recorded using the Carpal Tunnel function disability form. Subjective and objective data was recorded on the first, sixth and ninth treatment. The results revealed that both group A and group B benefited from the treatment. However, group A had better results overall than group B. Both groups showed statistical significant differences in either the subjective or objective measurements. In conclusion it can be noted that chiropractic manipulations and mobilisations are effective in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Ultrasound therapy together with transverse friction was also effective in the management of this condition but not to the same degree as the chiropractic care.
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The effects of sacroiliac manipulative therapy versus functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation on improving hamstring flexibility
- Authors: Gouws, Estelle
- Date: 2015-07-14
- Subjects: Hamstring muscle , Sacroiliac joint , Joints - Range of motion , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13725 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13991
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Background: In sporting activity, especially rugby, soccer, cricket and hockey, re-occurring hamstring injuries are a common sight that suggests that there is an opening for an improvement in the treatment and management of these injuries. This can be debilitating to any sportsman as it results in recurrent time away from his/her sporting activity. A study by Fyfer, Yelverton and Sher (2005), found that sacroiliac manipulation alone had a positive effect in the treatment of recurrent hamstring injuries. Cibuklka, Rose, Delitto and Sinacore (1986), proposed a possible link between hamstring muscle injuries and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. A study conducted by Donahue, Docherty and Schrader (2010), on the effects of Graston technique on pressure pain threshold, revealed a significant improvement in the patient’s pain threshold due to the fact that the instrument assisted technique effectively broke down scar tissue and correct fascial restrictions. The FAKTR approach to soft tissue dysfunction combines instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (Graston Technique) with proprioceptive (functional) techniques to reduce pain and return to function (Hyde and Doerr, 2012). Objective: This blinded, randomised pilot study was done to investigate the effects of sacroiliac joint manipulative therapy versus functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation on hamstring flexibility in previously injured hamstring muscle. Design: The study consisted of 30 participants recruited from the University of Johannesburg by word of mouth and posters, which met the inclusion criteria. They were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 received chiropractic therapy of the sacroiliac joint. Group 2 received functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation. Objective measurements consisted of digital inclinometer which measured the flexibility and range of motion of the hamstring muscle. The pressure algometry was used to measure pain pressure threshold. Procedure: Both group participants hamstring flexibility and ranges of motion were tested. Group 1 participants were motion palpated to determine sacroiliac joint dysfunction and treated with a high velocity, low amplitude trust to restricted segment, group 2 received functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation. Results: The statistical results should be viewed with regards that this study only represent a small group of thirty participants and therefore no assumption can be made with respect to whole population. The p-value was set at 0.05 and represents the level of significance of the results. If the p-value was less or equal to 0.05 (p≤0.05) there was a statistical significance finding. If the p-value is greater than 0.05 (p>0.05) vi there was no statistical finding. Statistical significance only means that a given result is unlikely to have occurred by chance. Analysis included demographic data analysis of age and gender. Objective data were collected using Digital Inclinometer and Pressure Algometry. Intra-group and inter-group analysis was done on straight leg raise, passive knee extension, hip extension, lateral rotation of the hip and medial rotation of the hip. The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to determine normality. As normality could not be assumed, non-parametric testing were used to do intra-group analysis. The Non-parametric Friedman test was used to determine if a change occurred over time. As change did occur over time the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was use to determined where the change within each group occurred. The Mann-Whitney U test was also used to determine if any difference between the groups were present at any given time. At the end of the study both test groups showed significant clinical as well as statistical improvement over the three week course of the study. Conclusion: The FAKTR treatment did clinically have the greatest improvement, however the changes seen was not statistically superior to those seen with the sacroiliac joint manipulation treatment. A statistical significant improvement was seen in both treatment protocols, concluding that both the spinal manipulative therapy and the functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation could be proficient protocols in treating hamstring flexibility.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gouws, Estelle
- Date: 2015-07-14
- Subjects: Hamstring muscle , Sacroiliac joint , Joints - Range of motion , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13725 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13991
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Background: In sporting activity, especially rugby, soccer, cricket and hockey, re-occurring hamstring injuries are a common sight that suggests that there is an opening for an improvement in the treatment and management of these injuries. This can be debilitating to any sportsman as it results in recurrent time away from his/her sporting activity. A study by Fyfer, Yelverton and Sher (2005), found that sacroiliac manipulation alone had a positive effect in the treatment of recurrent hamstring injuries. Cibuklka, Rose, Delitto and Sinacore (1986), proposed a possible link between hamstring muscle injuries and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. A study conducted by Donahue, Docherty and Schrader (2010), on the effects of Graston technique on pressure pain threshold, revealed a significant improvement in the patient’s pain threshold due to the fact that the instrument assisted technique effectively broke down scar tissue and correct fascial restrictions. The FAKTR approach to soft tissue dysfunction combines instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (Graston Technique) with proprioceptive (functional) techniques to reduce pain and return to function (Hyde and Doerr, 2012). Objective: This blinded, randomised pilot study was done to investigate the effects of sacroiliac joint manipulative therapy versus functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation on hamstring flexibility in previously injured hamstring muscle. Design: The study consisted of 30 participants recruited from the University of Johannesburg by word of mouth and posters, which met the inclusion criteria. They were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 received chiropractic therapy of the sacroiliac joint. Group 2 received functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation. Objective measurements consisted of digital inclinometer which measured the flexibility and range of motion of the hamstring muscle. The pressure algometry was used to measure pain pressure threshold. Procedure: Both group participants hamstring flexibility and ranges of motion were tested. Group 1 participants were motion palpated to determine sacroiliac joint dysfunction and treated with a high velocity, low amplitude trust to restricted segment, group 2 received functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation. Results: The statistical results should be viewed with regards that this study only represent a small group of thirty participants and therefore no assumption can be made with respect to whole population. The p-value was set at 0.05 and represents the level of significance of the results. If the p-value was less or equal to 0.05 (p≤0.05) there was a statistical significance finding. If the p-value is greater than 0.05 (p>0.05) vi there was no statistical finding. Statistical significance only means that a given result is unlikely to have occurred by chance. Analysis included demographic data analysis of age and gender. Objective data were collected using Digital Inclinometer and Pressure Algometry. Intra-group and inter-group analysis was done on straight leg raise, passive knee extension, hip extension, lateral rotation of the hip and medial rotation of the hip. The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to determine normality. As normality could not be assumed, non-parametric testing were used to do intra-group analysis. The Non-parametric Friedman test was used to determine if a change occurred over time. As change did occur over time the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was use to determined where the change within each group occurred. The Mann-Whitney U test was also used to determine if any difference between the groups were present at any given time. At the end of the study both test groups showed significant clinical as well as statistical improvement over the three week course of the study. Conclusion: The FAKTR treatment did clinically have the greatest improvement, however the changes seen was not statistically superior to those seen with the sacroiliac joint manipulation treatment. A statistical significant improvement was seen in both treatment protocols, concluding that both the spinal manipulative therapy and the functional and kinetic treatment with rehabilitation could be proficient protocols in treating hamstring flexibility.
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The effects of chiropractic mobilisation and oral administration of Seatone in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
- Authors: Hawkings, Tanith
- Date: 2012-08-28
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Osteoarthritis - Chiropractic treatment , Seatone
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3286 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6691
- Description: M.Tech. , Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and severely disabling disease (I). Chiropractic mobilisation functions well to improve mobility, relieve pain and promote healing (2). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for the treatment of OA. Their role in OA, however, is not clearly understood (3). Adverse side effects and the cost of NSAIDs also remain a problem (4). Seatone is a health supplement that has therapeutic properties that provides symptomatic relief of OA by means of its anti-inflammatory action (5,6). Seatone produces a slow, but progressive relief from pain and stiffness and improves quality of life (7' 8). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Seatone on the treatment of OA. This was achieved by comparing Chiropractic mobilisation (in preference to Chiropractic manipulation) in conjunction with oral administration of Seatone to Chiropractic mobilisation or oral administration of Seatone alone, by means of subjective and objective measurements. The study required forty-five subjects, above the age of thirty-eight years, suffering from OA of the knee joint, according to the classification criteria (Appendix A). The subjects were screened according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria and all the relevant forms, questionnaires and clinical examinations were completed. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Treatment was conducted over a period of eight weeks. Objective or goniometer readings and subjective measurements were done prior to and following treatment to determine the effect of the therapies. The subjective measurements were taken from the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The Cincinnati Knee Rating System, a comprehensive knee questionnaire, was completed at the initial and final consultation. A combined treatment of Chiropractic mobilisation and oral administration of Seatone or oral administration of Seatone alone showed a greater mean improvement than Chiropractic mobilisation alone, in mobility. There was no significant difference in the assessment of pain between the three groups. However, results show that Seatone has a positive effect in the treatment of OA of the knee, for improving mobility.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Hawkings, Tanith
- Date: 2012-08-28
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Osteoarthritis - Chiropractic treatment , Seatone
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:3286 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6691
- Description: M.Tech. , Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and severely disabling disease (I). Chiropractic mobilisation functions well to improve mobility, relieve pain and promote healing (2). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for the treatment of OA. Their role in OA, however, is not clearly understood (3). Adverse side effects and the cost of NSAIDs also remain a problem (4). Seatone is a health supplement that has therapeutic properties that provides symptomatic relief of OA by means of its anti-inflammatory action (5,6). Seatone produces a slow, but progressive relief from pain and stiffness and improves quality of life (7' 8). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Seatone on the treatment of OA. This was achieved by comparing Chiropractic mobilisation (in preference to Chiropractic manipulation) in conjunction with oral administration of Seatone to Chiropractic mobilisation or oral administration of Seatone alone, by means of subjective and objective measurements. The study required forty-five subjects, above the age of thirty-eight years, suffering from OA of the knee joint, according to the classification criteria (Appendix A). The subjects were screened according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria and all the relevant forms, questionnaires and clinical examinations were completed. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Treatment was conducted over a period of eight weeks. Objective or goniometer readings and subjective measurements were done prior to and following treatment to determine the effect of the therapies. The subjective measurements were taken from the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The Cincinnati Knee Rating System, a comprehensive knee questionnaire, was completed at the initial and final consultation. A combined treatment of Chiropractic mobilisation and oral administration of Seatone or oral administration of Seatone alone showed a greater mean improvement than Chiropractic mobilisation alone, in mobility. There was no significant difference in the assessment of pain between the three groups. However, results show that Seatone has a positive effect in the treatment of OA of the knee, for improving mobility.
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The effect of the chiropractic adjustment with a strengthening protocol compared to chiropractic adjustment or a strengthening protocol alone
- Authors: Haywood, Craig Michael
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:27:58Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment - Physiological aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/377459 , uj:8641 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2999
- Description: M.Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether adjustment of the cervico-thoracic motion segment in individuals with altered or decreased motion at that segment, in conjunction with a strengthening protocol, had a greater increase in triceps brachii muscle strength compared to a strengthening protocol or chiropractic adjustment alone. By reducing the negative neural and other effects caused by aberrant movement between vertebra, chiropractic adjustment could allow the body’s muscle physiology to function at its best, thereby allowing it to adapt to changes more readily. DESIGN: Thirty subjects participated in this study. The subjects were randomly and without being aware of it, assigned to one of three groups. The only requirement for inclusion in the research was a restriction of the seventh cervical vertebra based on motion and static palpation. Patients in two of the groups were asked to perform tricep brachii muscle strengthening exercises and patients from two of the groups received chiropractic adjustment to the cervico-thoracic motion segment. Patients were seen a total of three times over a period of two weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Triceps brachii muscle strength testing was performed using an isometric dynamometer. Three pre-treatment readings and three post-treatment readings were performed, with one-minute intervals, on all the subjects. This was done to determine if there was a change before or after treatment and if there was a long-term effect. CONCLUSION: Although measurements were taken on each visit before and after each treatment, there was only a statistically significant difference in triceps brachii muscle strength between the experimental and the other two groups before treatment on the third visit. This does however; suggest that there was a favourable result and that a combination of treatments does indeed produce better results than one of the other treatments alone.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Haywood, Craig Michael
- Date: 2009-11-16T06:27:58Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment - Physiological aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/377459 , uj:8641 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2999
- Description: M.Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether adjustment of the cervico-thoracic motion segment in individuals with altered or decreased motion at that segment, in conjunction with a strengthening protocol, had a greater increase in triceps brachii muscle strength compared to a strengthening protocol or chiropractic adjustment alone. By reducing the negative neural and other effects caused by aberrant movement between vertebra, chiropractic adjustment could allow the body’s muscle physiology to function at its best, thereby allowing it to adapt to changes more readily. DESIGN: Thirty subjects participated in this study. The subjects were randomly and without being aware of it, assigned to one of three groups. The only requirement for inclusion in the research was a restriction of the seventh cervical vertebra based on motion and static palpation. Patients in two of the groups were asked to perform tricep brachii muscle strengthening exercises and patients from two of the groups received chiropractic adjustment to the cervico-thoracic motion segment. Patients were seen a total of three times over a period of two weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Triceps brachii muscle strength testing was performed using an isometric dynamometer. Three pre-treatment readings and three post-treatment readings were performed, with one-minute intervals, on all the subjects. This was done to determine if there was a change before or after treatment and if there was a long-term effect. CONCLUSION: Although measurements were taken on each visit before and after each treatment, there was only a statistically significant difference in triceps brachii muscle strength between the experimental and the other two groups before treatment on the third visit. This does however; suggest that there was a favourable result and that a combination of treatments does indeed produce better results than one of the other treatments alone.
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Investigating the presence of an intra-articular gas bubble after an adjustment
- Authors: Jones, Allan Ray
- Date: 2012-06-07
- Subjects: Physical therapy , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8677 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5032
- Description: M.Tech. , This study aims to, using diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound, investigate the presence of intra-articular gas bubbles in the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint cavity in the absence of an axial distractive load, after a high velocity low amplitude (HVLA) Chiropractic adjustment and assess the state of the gas bubble after a 20 minute refractory period. Using plain film radiography, several authors, (Roston and Wheeler Haines, 1947, Semlak and Ferguson, 1970, Unsworth, Dowson and Wright, 1971 and Watson, Kernohan and Mollan, 1989) have consistently demonstrated the presence of an intra-articular radiolucent space in an MCP joint after cavitation. The MCP joint was always manipulated with an axial distractive load. The singular radiolucent cavity was shown to be visible only if an axial distractive force was acting across the joint at the time of the post-manipulation radiograph. Cramer, Tuck, Todd Knudsen, Fonda, Schliesser, Fournier and Patel, (2000), have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to demonstrate a significant increase in the lumbar zygapophyseal joint spaces (0,7 mm) after an adjustment versus the control group (0,0 mm increase). The observed increase in joint space was the primary aim of their research and no reference is made to the presence of an intra-articular gas bubble or any apparent changes in joint space density on post-adjustment MRI scans. They attribute this increase in joint space to breaking of intra-articular adhesions. Using computed tomography (CT) and Radiography, Cascioli, Corr and Till, (2002), reported that no gas bubbles were visualised in the cervical facet joints after an adjustment, with and without traction. This study consisted of 18 participants between the ages of 21 and 26. A pertinent physical examination and a regional examination of the forearm hand and wrist were conducted to ensure no significant pathologies would exclude them from the study. The TMC articular cavity was scanned by an experienced musculoskeletal ultrasonographer at three intervals: pre-adjustment, directly post-adjustment, and at 20 minutes post- adjustment. The ultrasonograms were saved as digital copies for subsequent reports which were correlated with reports compiled during dynamic visualisation of the articular cavity at the time of scanning. The TMC joint was scanned in a physiological position i.e. there was no axial distractive load acting across the joint during any of the three scans.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jones, Allan Ray
- Date: 2012-06-07
- Subjects: Physical therapy , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8677 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5032
- Description: M.Tech. , This study aims to, using diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound, investigate the presence of intra-articular gas bubbles in the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint cavity in the absence of an axial distractive load, after a high velocity low amplitude (HVLA) Chiropractic adjustment and assess the state of the gas bubble after a 20 minute refractory period. Using plain film radiography, several authors, (Roston and Wheeler Haines, 1947, Semlak and Ferguson, 1970, Unsworth, Dowson and Wright, 1971 and Watson, Kernohan and Mollan, 1989) have consistently demonstrated the presence of an intra-articular radiolucent space in an MCP joint after cavitation. The MCP joint was always manipulated with an axial distractive load. The singular radiolucent cavity was shown to be visible only if an axial distractive force was acting across the joint at the time of the post-manipulation radiograph. Cramer, Tuck, Todd Knudsen, Fonda, Schliesser, Fournier and Patel, (2000), have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to demonstrate a significant increase in the lumbar zygapophyseal joint spaces (0,7 mm) after an adjustment versus the control group (0,0 mm increase). The observed increase in joint space was the primary aim of their research and no reference is made to the presence of an intra-articular gas bubble or any apparent changes in joint space density on post-adjustment MRI scans. They attribute this increase in joint space to breaking of intra-articular adhesions. Using computed tomography (CT) and Radiography, Cascioli, Corr and Till, (2002), reported that no gas bubbles were visualised in the cervical facet joints after an adjustment, with and without traction. This study consisted of 18 participants between the ages of 21 and 26. A pertinent physical examination and a regional examination of the forearm hand and wrist were conducted to ensure no significant pathologies would exclude them from the study. The TMC articular cavity was scanned by an experienced musculoskeletal ultrasonographer at three intervals: pre-adjustment, directly post-adjustment, and at 20 minutes post- adjustment. The ultrasonograms were saved as digital copies for subsequent reports which were correlated with reports compiled during dynamic visualisation of the articular cavity at the time of scanning. The TMC joint was scanned in a physiological position i.e. there was no axial distractive load acting across the joint during any of the three scans.
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A comparison of the effects of ultrasound interferential current therapy versus a combination of lumbar spine chiropractic adjustments and ultrasound interferential current therapy in the treatment of lumbar facet syndrome
- Authors: Kaye-Eddie, Cheri
- Date: 2014-06-19
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Chiropractic adjustments , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11546 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11253
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kaye-Eddie, Cheri
- Date: 2014-06-19
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Chiropractic adjustments , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11546 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11253
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
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