The effectiveness of Kinesio® taping for post dry needling soreness on active quadratus lumborum muscles
- Authors: Ferreira, Gert
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Back - Muscles
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/84495 , uj:19229
- Description: Abstract: Purpose: Lower back pain is a common disorder that affects at least 60-80% of people sometime in their lives. Active or latent myofascial trigger points are also a major contributor towards the formation of lower back pain. Patients who receive myofascial dry needling may experience post needling soreness which lasts approximately three to four days after the treatment. Kinesio® tape is a modality which assists in improving the circulation of lymph drainage as well as improving circulation of blood by eliminating body fluid or bleeding under the skin by lifting the muscle. However the efficiency of Kinesio® tape for post dry needling soreness of the active quadratus lumborum muscle trigger point has not been shown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Kinesio® taping for post dry needling soreness of the active quadratus lumborum muscle trigger point. Method: This is a comparative study using convenient sampling and random allocation. Participants were recruited by advertising with posters that were placed strategically around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein campus and the Chiropractic Day Clinic (Appendix A). The research study was done at the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. Males and females with lower back pain, who met all the inclusion criteria, were considered to take part in this study. Forty male and female participants between the ages of 18 - 50 years old were recruited for this study. The participants were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was explained to the participants; the participants were divided up randomly into one of two groups by means of drawing a piece of paper with a number on from a box. The study consisted of 40 participants in total. Group 1 had 20 participants who represented the myofascial dry needling and heat therapy group, and group 2 had 20 participants who represented the myofascial dry needling and Kinesio® Tape group. Procedure: There were three treatment sessions, consisting of myofascial dry needling and either heat therapy or Kinesio® tape as a post dry needle intervention, the subjective and objective data were recorded at all four visits. The subjective measurement was based on the Visual Analogue Pain Scale and the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire.... , M. Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Ferreira, Gert
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Back - Muscles
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/84495 , uj:19229
- Description: Abstract: Purpose: Lower back pain is a common disorder that affects at least 60-80% of people sometime in their lives. Active or latent myofascial trigger points are also a major contributor towards the formation of lower back pain. Patients who receive myofascial dry needling may experience post needling soreness which lasts approximately three to four days after the treatment. Kinesio® tape is a modality which assists in improving the circulation of lymph drainage as well as improving circulation of blood by eliminating body fluid or bleeding under the skin by lifting the muscle. However the efficiency of Kinesio® tape for post dry needling soreness of the active quadratus lumborum muscle trigger point has not been shown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Kinesio® taping for post dry needling soreness of the active quadratus lumborum muscle trigger point. Method: This is a comparative study using convenient sampling and random allocation. Participants were recruited by advertising with posters that were placed strategically around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein campus and the Chiropractic Day Clinic (Appendix A). The research study was done at the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. Males and females with lower back pain, who met all the inclusion criteria, were considered to take part in this study. Forty male and female participants between the ages of 18 - 50 years old were recruited for this study. The participants were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was explained to the participants; the participants were divided up randomly into one of two groups by means of drawing a piece of paper with a number on from a box. The study consisted of 40 participants in total. Group 1 had 20 participants who represented the myofascial dry needling and heat therapy group, and group 2 had 20 participants who represented the myofascial dry needling and Kinesio® Tape group. Procedure: There were three treatment sessions, consisting of myofascial dry needling and either heat therapy or Kinesio® tape as a post dry needle intervention, the subjective and objective data were recorded at all four visits. The subjective measurement was based on the Visual Analogue Pain Scale and the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire.... , M. Tech. (Chiropractic)
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A comparison between myofascial dry needling with and without full post-needling protocol in the treatment of acute myofascial pain and dysfunction syndrome
- Authors: Moorcroft, Vanessa
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Dry needling therapy , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/374641 , uj:7454 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8314
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial pain and dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is presently considered to be the leading diagnosis amongst pain management physicians and the leading diagnosis amongst pain sufferers reporting to general practitioners (Harden, Bruehl, Gass, Niemiec & Barbick, 2000). The goal of dry needling and the other above mentioned soft tissue treatments is to alleviate the MTrP’s in the muscle, thereby restoring the muscle to its normal tissue mobility and returning it to proper functional capacity (Travell & Simons, 1999). A post-needling protocol may be used to reduce post-needling soreness at the needling site, to facilitate tissue repair after needling and to normalise muscle function and ROM after needling (Travell & Simons, 1999). The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of dry needling on its own and in combination with a widely prescribed post-needling protocol of heat, active range of motion (ROM) exercises and passive stretches, with regards to changes in pressure pain threshold, pain and cervical spine ranges of motion, to determine which the superior treatment is. Participants who went to the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic were eligible to participate in the study once they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were recruited by means of word of mouth as well as with the use of advertisements that were placed around the respective campuses of the University of Johannesburg. Thirty participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, each consisting of 15 participants. Group A received only dry needling to the upper trapezius muscle TP1 or TP2 whereas group B received dry needling to the upper trapezius muscle TP1 or TP2, moist heat, active ROM exercises and passive stretching of the upper trapezius muscles. Participants were treated for a total of 6 visits. Subjective and objective measurements were done at visits 1, 4 and a final visit 7 during which only measurements were taken.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Moorcroft, Vanessa
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Dry needling therapy , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/374641 , uj:7454 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8314
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial pain and dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is presently considered to be the leading diagnosis amongst pain management physicians and the leading diagnosis amongst pain sufferers reporting to general practitioners (Harden, Bruehl, Gass, Niemiec & Barbick, 2000). The goal of dry needling and the other above mentioned soft tissue treatments is to alleviate the MTrP’s in the muscle, thereby restoring the muscle to its normal tissue mobility and returning it to proper functional capacity (Travell & Simons, 1999). A post-needling protocol may be used to reduce post-needling soreness at the needling site, to facilitate tissue repair after needling and to normalise muscle function and ROM after needling (Travell & Simons, 1999). The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of dry needling on its own and in combination with a widely prescribed post-needling protocol of heat, active range of motion (ROM) exercises and passive stretches, with regards to changes in pressure pain threshold, pain and cervical spine ranges of motion, to determine which the superior treatment is. Participants who went to the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic were eligible to participate in the study once they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were recruited by means of word of mouth as well as with the use of advertisements that were placed around the respective campuses of the University of Johannesburg. Thirty participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, each consisting of 15 participants. Group A received only dry needling to the upper trapezius muscle TP1 or TP2 whereas group B received dry needling to the upper trapezius muscle TP1 or TP2, moist heat, active ROM exercises and passive stretching of the upper trapezius muscles. Participants were treated for a total of 6 visits. Subjective and objective measurements were done at visits 1, 4 and a final visit 7 during which only measurements were taken.
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Low-level laser therapy versus myofascial dry needling of vastus lateralis myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Rautenbach, Gerrit
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Lasers - Therapeutic use , Acupuncture , Quadriceps muscle
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/390228 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268604 , uj:28515
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: PURPOSE: Myofascial pain syndrome is a common cause of discomfort and disability worldwide with various forms of literature to substantiate it. Myofascial pain syndrome is a condition that is characterised by the presence of myofascial trigger points. These trigger points often refer pain to different areas of the body. Pain associated with myofascial trigger points can present as an acute or chronic pain. This pain is often felt at a site distal from the origin of the trigger point and can be associated with many visceral and systemic conditions. This association between trigger points and other conditions often lead to misdiagnosis; for example, knee pain experienced over the patella or pain radiating distal on the lateral aspect of the calf. The purpose of this study was to determine whether myofascial dry needling or low-level laser therapy was superior in the treatment of myofascial trigger points of the vastus lateralis muscle. The aim of the study is to determine the efficacy of myofascial dry needling versus low level-laser therapy in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in the vastus lateralis muscle. DESIGN: A total of 30 participants participated in the research study and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each. Group A received myofascial dry needling on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. Group B received low-level laser therapy on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. A total of six treatments sessions were required over a two-week period with a seventh measurement only session. MEASUREMENTS: Subjective data was collected by using the numerical pain-rating scale. Objective data was collected by using a hand-held pressure algometer on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. Data was collected on the first, fourth and seventh consultations. OUTCOMES: With regards to the subjective data readings, the results from the numerical pain-rating scale from the intragroup analysis, indicated that both groups improved over the treatment period, with neither group showing a statistically significant improvement over the other. The intergroup analysis showed no statistical significant difference between groups and showed that neither group was superior. With regards to the objective measurements, the intragroup analysis of the pressure algometer readings indicated that both treatment modalities are equally effective. There was no statistically significant difference with intergroup analysis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the results showed that both myofascial dry needling and low-level laser therapy are equally effective in the treatment of myofascial trigger points of the vastus lateralis muscle...
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Low-level laser therapy versus myofascial dry needling of vastus lateralis myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Rautenbach, Gerrit
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Lasers - Therapeutic use , Acupuncture , Quadriceps muscle
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/390228 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268604 , uj:28515
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: PURPOSE: Myofascial pain syndrome is a common cause of discomfort and disability worldwide with various forms of literature to substantiate it. Myofascial pain syndrome is a condition that is characterised by the presence of myofascial trigger points. These trigger points often refer pain to different areas of the body. Pain associated with myofascial trigger points can present as an acute or chronic pain. This pain is often felt at a site distal from the origin of the trigger point and can be associated with many visceral and systemic conditions. This association between trigger points and other conditions often lead to misdiagnosis; for example, knee pain experienced over the patella or pain radiating distal on the lateral aspect of the calf. The purpose of this study was to determine whether myofascial dry needling or low-level laser therapy was superior in the treatment of myofascial trigger points of the vastus lateralis muscle. The aim of the study is to determine the efficacy of myofascial dry needling versus low level-laser therapy in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in the vastus lateralis muscle. DESIGN: A total of 30 participants participated in the research study and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each. Group A received myofascial dry needling on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. Group B received low-level laser therapy on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. A total of six treatments sessions were required over a two-week period with a seventh measurement only session. MEASUREMENTS: Subjective data was collected by using the numerical pain-rating scale. Objective data was collected by using a hand-held pressure algometer on active vastus lateralis muscle trigger points. Data was collected on the first, fourth and seventh consultations. OUTCOMES: With regards to the subjective data readings, the results from the numerical pain-rating scale from the intragroup analysis, indicated that both groups improved over the treatment period, with neither group showing a statistically significant improvement over the other. The intergroup analysis showed no statistical significant difference between groups and showed that neither group was superior. With regards to the objective measurements, the intragroup analysis of the pressure algometer readings indicated that both treatment modalities are equally effective. There was no statistically significant difference with intergroup analysis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the results showed that both myofascial dry needling and low-level laser therapy are equally effective in the treatment of myofascial trigger points of the vastus lateralis muscle...
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Electromyography and dynamometry testing of the biceps brachii muscle pre and post dry needling of latent myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Naude, Renette
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Biceps brachii muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2303 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4762
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore whether dry needle therapy delivered to latent myofascial trigger points of the biceps brachii muscle had an immediate effect on muscle activity and strength . DESIGN: One hundred participants with latent myofascial trigger points of the biceps brachii muscle and who were suitable for the study were drawn from the community. They were al located in to either a controlor treatment group so that each group contained fifty participants . The control and treatment group were divided in such a way to ensure that the two groups were comparable with one another un terms of age and gender. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was completed by each participant to ensure that the two groups were also comparable with one another in terms of the total amount of physical activity performed per week. The results of this study were statistically analysed by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg.
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- Authors: Naude, Renette
- Date: 2012-06-04
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Biceps brachii muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:2303 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4762
- Description: M. Tech. , OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore whether dry needle therapy delivered to latent myofascial trigger points of the biceps brachii muscle had an immediate effect on muscle activity and strength . DESIGN: One hundred participants with latent myofascial trigger points of the biceps brachii muscle and who were suitable for the study were drawn from the community. They were al located in to either a controlor treatment group so that each group contained fifty participants . The control and treatment group were divided in such a way to ensure that the two groups were comparable with one another un terms of age and gender. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was completed by each participant to ensure that the two groups were also comparable with one another in terms of the total amount of physical activity performed per week. The results of this study were statistically analysed by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg.
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The effect of Kinesio tape® on post dry needling soreness in the treatment of trapezius trigger point one
- Authors: Maruggi, Marco
- Date: 2014-04-23
- Subjects: Kinesio® taping , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Trapezius muscle , Acupuncture , Pain - Treatment , Bandages and bandaging
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10842 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10349
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial Pain Syndrome, is a common source of frustration for both healthcare practitioners and patients. It is the second most common reason for patients visiting their health care practitioner and constitutes up to 85% of the reasons for visits to pain clinics (Han and Harrison, 1997). As muscle pain is the most common work-related injury (Hubbard, 1998), it costs billions of dollars in lost revenue every year due to lost productivity (Fricton, 1990). Hong (1994), states that dry needling has been extensively studied and has been shown to decrease or even abolish myofascial pain. However post dry needling soreness is a common side effect of dry needling. Stuart (2010), states that applying kinesio tape® to a musculoskeletal injury during rehabilitation could result in a quicker recovery by allowing the body to biomechanically heal itself. Garcia-Mura et al (2009), results suggest that kinesio tape® is a method highly appropriate in the treatment of myofascial trigger points by normalising muscular function, increasing lymphatic and vascular flow, diminishing pain and aid in the correction of possible articular malalignment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects that kinesio tape® has on the trapezius trigger point one post needling, to determine whether there is an increase in the therapeutic effect of dry needling and an increased recovery time of the myofascial trigger points, with regards to changes in pressure pain threshold, pain and cervical range of motion. Participants for this study were recruited either by an advertisement which was placed on the information board of the Chiropractic Day Clinic at the University of Johannesburg as well as advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg at the Doornfontein Campus. Also, many participants were made aware of this study via word of mouth from candidates already involved in the study. Thirty participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, each consisting of 15 participants. Group A received dry needling of the trapezius trigger point one followed by the application of kinesio tape® whereas group B received dry needing of trapezius trigger point one only. Participants were treated 5 times with objective and subjective measurements taken at the 1st, 3rd and 5th visits. Objective measurements consisted of readings taken with an algometer and cervical range of motion (CROM) device. The subjective measurements consisted of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Vernon Mior Neck Disability Index. The results of the study showed clinically and statistical significant improvements for both groups in regards to alleviating pain subjectively (Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index), increasing pressure pain threshold objectively (Algometer) and increasing range of motion objectively (Cervical Range of Motion device). However group A (dry needing and kinesio tape®) showed a greater improvement in both subjective and objective measurements. Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that both dry needling on its own as well as applying kinesio tape® post dry needling can be effective in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle, however applying kinesio tape® post dry needling seemed to be more effective.
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- Authors: Maruggi, Marco
- Date: 2014-04-23
- Subjects: Kinesio® taping , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Trapezius muscle , Acupuncture , Pain - Treatment , Bandages and bandaging
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10842 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10349
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial Pain Syndrome, is a common source of frustration for both healthcare practitioners and patients. It is the second most common reason for patients visiting their health care practitioner and constitutes up to 85% of the reasons for visits to pain clinics (Han and Harrison, 1997). As muscle pain is the most common work-related injury (Hubbard, 1998), it costs billions of dollars in lost revenue every year due to lost productivity (Fricton, 1990). Hong (1994), states that dry needling has been extensively studied and has been shown to decrease or even abolish myofascial pain. However post dry needling soreness is a common side effect of dry needling. Stuart (2010), states that applying kinesio tape® to a musculoskeletal injury during rehabilitation could result in a quicker recovery by allowing the body to biomechanically heal itself. Garcia-Mura et al (2009), results suggest that kinesio tape® is a method highly appropriate in the treatment of myofascial trigger points by normalising muscular function, increasing lymphatic and vascular flow, diminishing pain and aid in the correction of possible articular malalignment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects that kinesio tape® has on the trapezius trigger point one post needling, to determine whether there is an increase in the therapeutic effect of dry needling and an increased recovery time of the myofascial trigger points, with regards to changes in pressure pain threshold, pain and cervical range of motion. Participants for this study were recruited either by an advertisement which was placed on the information board of the Chiropractic Day Clinic at the University of Johannesburg as well as advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg at the Doornfontein Campus. Also, many participants were made aware of this study via word of mouth from candidates already involved in the study. Thirty participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, each consisting of 15 participants. Group A received dry needling of the trapezius trigger point one followed by the application of kinesio tape® whereas group B received dry needing of trapezius trigger point one only. Participants were treated 5 times with objective and subjective measurements taken at the 1st, 3rd and 5th visits. Objective measurements consisted of readings taken with an algometer and cervical range of motion (CROM) device. The subjective measurements consisted of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Vernon Mior Neck Disability Index. The results of the study showed clinically and statistical significant improvements for both groups in regards to alleviating pain subjectively (Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index), increasing pressure pain threshold objectively (Algometer) and increasing range of motion objectively (Cervical Range of Motion device). However group A (dry needing and kinesio tape®) showed a greater improvement in both subjective and objective measurements. Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that both dry needling on its own as well as applying kinesio tape® post dry needling can be effective in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle, however applying kinesio tape® post dry needling seemed to be more effective.
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The effect of dry needling versus extracorporeal shockwave therapy on myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle
- Authors: Vandeyar, Shirda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/388532 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292985 , uj:31848
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of dry needling versus extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. The results of each treatment protocol were compared in terms of pain, pain-pressure threshold and range of motion of the cervical spine. The findings of this study would establish which treatment protocol was more effective in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. Method: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years took part in this study. All participants presented with active trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups with each group consisting of 15 participants. Group 1 received the dry needling technique, while Group 2 received extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Procedure: The trial period consisted of seven consultations which were conducted over a period of three weeks. Each participant received a total of six treatments. The purpose of the seventh visit was to obtain final measurements only. Subjective and objective measurements were collected on the first, fourth and seventh visits. Subjective measurements regarding pain were obtained via the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Objective measurements were obtained via the use of the Pressure Algometer to assess physical pressure-pain threshold; and The Cervical Range of Motion Goniometer was used to assess cervical spine range of motion. Results: The results of this study was analysed and interpreted by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. The Shapiro-Wilk test for normality showed that the data was not normally distributed and therefore non-parametric analyses were utilized for the intragroup and intergroup analyses in this study. The non-parametric Friedman test and post-hoc Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were utilised for the intragroup analyses. The Mann-Whitney U test was utilised for the intergroup analyses. The intragroup analyses on all subjective and objective measurements showed statistically significant differences for both groups. The intergroup analyses on the subjective Numerical Pain Rating Scale and all objective measurements revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups at...
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- Authors: Vandeyar, Shirda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Backache - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/388532 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292985 , uj:31848
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of dry needling versus extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. The results of each treatment protocol were compared in terms of pain, pain-pressure threshold and range of motion of the cervical spine. The findings of this study would establish which treatment protocol was more effective in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. Method: Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years took part in this study. All participants presented with active trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups with each group consisting of 15 participants. Group 1 received the dry needling technique, while Group 2 received extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Procedure: The trial period consisted of seven consultations which were conducted over a period of three weeks. Each participant received a total of six treatments. The purpose of the seventh visit was to obtain final measurements only. Subjective and objective measurements were collected on the first, fourth and seventh visits. Subjective measurements regarding pain were obtained via the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Objective measurements were obtained via the use of the Pressure Algometer to assess physical pressure-pain threshold; and The Cervical Range of Motion Goniometer was used to assess cervical spine range of motion. Results: The results of this study was analysed and interpreted by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. The Shapiro-Wilk test for normality showed that the data was not normally distributed and therefore non-parametric analyses were utilized for the intragroup and intergroup analyses in this study. The non-parametric Friedman test and post-hoc Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were utilised for the intragroup analyses. The Mann-Whitney U test was utilised for the intergroup analyses. The intragroup analyses on all subjective and objective measurements showed statistically significant differences for both groups. The intergroup analyses on the subjective Numerical Pain Rating Scale and all objective measurements revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups at...
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Comparing the effectiveness of static myofascial dry needling versus fanning dry needling in the treatment of trapezius myofascial pain syndrome
- Authors: Palm, Bryan
- Date: 2012-10-16
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Trapezius muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7854
- Description: M.Tech. , Problem Statement: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a painful and prevalent muscular condition that is characterized by the development of myofascial trigger points (TrP’s). These are locally tender when active and are able to refer pain through specific patterns to other areas of the body distal from the trigger point (Manga, 2008). Myofascial trigger points are a frequently overlooked and misunderstood source of the distressingly ever-present musculoskeletal aches and pains of mankind and many authors have found that the trapezius muscle is most often the muscle that has frequent myofascial trigger points (Travell and Simons, 1999). Much debate and discussion has arisen on the merits of the fanning dry needling technique compared to that of the static dry needling technique, but research evidence is very limited. Some practitioners prefer the static technique over the fanning technique as it reduces the presence and amount of post-needling soreness, as well as reduces the possibility of penetrating a blood vessel resulting in hemorrhaging. Other practitioners prefer the fanning technique as it increases the chances of locating the loci of the TrP, as well as increasing the chances of eliciting a local twitch response and possibly making this method more effective in deactivating a TrP than the static technique. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of static myofascial dry needling to the effects of fanning myofascial dry needling of an active trigger point (TrP1) in the upper trapezius muscle in order to determine which of the two treatments is more effective with regards to decreasing neck pain and disability as well as increasing pressure pain threshold in patients with neck pain due to Trapezius Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Method: Forty participants underwent a general screening to determine whether they had active myofascial trigger points in the upper fibers of the trapezius muscle.
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- Authors: Palm, Bryan
- Date: 2012-10-16
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Trapezius muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7854
- Description: M.Tech. , Problem Statement: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a painful and prevalent muscular condition that is characterized by the development of myofascial trigger points (TrP’s). These are locally tender when active and are able to refer pain through specific patterns to other areas of the body distal from the trigger point (Manga, 2008). Myofascial trigger points are a frequently overlooked and misunderstood source of the distressingly ever-present musculoskeletal aches and pains of mankind and many authors have found that the trapezius muscle is most often the muscle that has frequent myofascial trigger points (Travell and Simons, 1999). Much debate and discussion has arisen on the merits of the fanning dry needling technique compared to that of the static dry needling technique, but research evidence is very limited. Some practitioners prefer the static technique over the fanning technique as it reduces the presence and amount of post-needling soreness, as well as reduces the possibility of penetrating a blood vessel resulting in hemorrhaging. Other practitioners prefer the fanning technique as it increases the chances of locating the loci of the TrP, as well as increasing the chances of eliciting a local twitch response and possibly making this method more effective in deactivating a TrP than the static technique. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of static myofascial dry needling to the effects of fanning myofascial dry needling of an active trigger point (TrP1) in the upper trapezius muscle in order to determine which of the two treatments is more effective with regards to decreasing neck pain and disability as well as increasing pressure pain threshold in patients with neck pain due to Trapezius Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Method: Forty participants underwent a general screening to determine whether they had active myofascial trigger points in the upper fibers of the trapezius muscle.
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A comparative study between low level laser therapy and myofascial dry needling on active gluteus medius trigger points
- Authors: Van Heerden, Marili
- Date: 2014-10-13
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Gluteus medius , Acupuncture , Lasers - Therapeutic use
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/384427 , uj:12581 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12371
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial trigger points (MTrP’s) cause acute discomfort to intense pain and often lead to the use of pain medication as well as loss of man hours (Simons, Travell and Simons, 1999a; Tough, White, Cummings, Richards and Campbell, 2009). Dry needling is very effective and is widely used for the treatment of MTrP’s (Vulfsons, Ratmansky and Kalichman, 2012), but comes with various significant drawbacks, such as the experience of pain during or after treatment (post-needling soreness) or individuals with needle phobias (Unruh, Strong and Wright, 2002). More serious risks also exist, including damage to the viscera (Dommerholt and Fernández-de-las-Peñas, 2013). Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive technique and very little discomfort or pain is experienced by the patient during and after treatment. LLLT is effective in the short- and long-term relief of trigger points and myofascial pain syndrome. Therefore it can easily serve as an alternative to myofacial dry needling (Chow and Barnsley, 2005). This study aimed to determine whether LLLT or myofascial dry needling is more effective in the treatment of active MTrP’s, specifically those of the gluteus medius muscle. It also aimed to determine if LLLT could serve as an alternative treatment to dry needling in cases where dry needling is contraindicated or not desired. Thirty participants who complied with the inclusion criteria were divided into one of two groups. Group 1 (n=15) received dosages of LLLT directly to the active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle and Group 2 (n=15) received myofascial dry needling to active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle. Each participant attended 6 treatment sessions over a course of 2 weeks as well as a 7th measurements-only session.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Heerden, Marili
- Date: 2014-10-13
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Gluteus medius , Acupuncture , Lasers - Therapeutic use
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/384427 , uj:12581 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12371
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial trigger points (MTrP’s) cause acute discomfort to intense pain and often lead to the use of pain medication as well as loss of man hours (Simons, Travell and Simons, 1999a; Tough, White, Cummings, Richards and Campbell, 2009). Dry needling is very effective and is widely used for the treatment of MTrP’s (Vulfsons, Ratmansky and Kalichman, 2012), but comes with various significant drawbacks, such as the experience of pain during or after treatment (post-needling soreness) or individuals with needle phobias (Unruh, Strong and Wright, 2002). More serious risks also exist, including damage to the viscera (Dommerholt and Fernández-de-las-Peñas, 2013). Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive technique and very little discomfort or pain is experienced by the patient during and after treatment. LLLT is effective in the short- and long-term relief of trigger points and myofascial pain syndrome. Therefore it can easily serve as an alternative to myofacial dry needling (Chow and Barnsley, 2005). This study aimed to determine whether LLLT or myofascial dry needling is more effective in the treatment of active MTrP’s, specifically those of the gluteus medius muscle. It also aimed to determine if LLLT could serve as an alternative treatment to dry needling in cases where dry needling is contraindicated or not desired. Thirty participants who complied with the inclusion criteria were divided into one of two groups. Group 1 (n=15) received dosages of LLLT directly to the active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle and Group 2 (n=15) received myofascial dry needling to active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle. Each participant attended 6 treatment sessions over a course of 2 weeks as well as a 7th measurements-only session.
- Full Text:
A study to compare the effect of homoeopuncture and acupuncture on the electrical activity of hypertonic muscles
- Authors: Dracevac, Ivanka
- Date: 2009-07-29T07:38:00Z
- Subjects: Acupuncture , Homeopuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8582 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2844
- Description: M. Tech.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Dracevac, Ivanka
- Date: 2009-07-29T07:38:00Z
- Subjects: Acupuncture , Homeopuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8582 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2844
- Description: M. Tech.
- Full Text: false
The effectiveness of cryotherapy versus thermotherapy post-dry needling on active myofascial trigger points in the infraspinatus muscle
- Authors: Royce, Alexandra Kristy
- Date: 2012-07-19
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Thermotherapy , Acupuncture , Cold - Therapeutic use
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8825 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5239
- Description: M.Tech. , Myofascial pain has become a major cause of disability and chronic pain in our society today. Left untreated, myofascial pain syndrome can become a chronic pain condition. Chronic pain conditions can not only cause disability due to pain, but can also lead to related conditions such as depression, physical deconditioning due to lack of exercise, disturbance of sleep and other psychological and behavioural disturbances (Rachlin, 1994). The aim of this study was to determine whether cryotherapy or moist heat therapy was a superior therapeutic modality when applied to active Infraspinatus muscle trigger points post-dry needling. Participants were recruited into the study by the use of advertisements put up at various places on the university campus as well as in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. Fourty participants that conformed to the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The participants were randomly placed into two groups containing twenty participants in each group. Group A received cryotherapy post-dry needling and Group B received moist heat therapy post dry needling. Each participant received four treatments. The subjective and objective measurements were taken on the first, third and fifth visits. The fifth visit was scheduled to take final subjective and objective data only. The subjective data was obtained by measuring the participant‟s perception of their myofascial pain using the Visual Analogue Pain Scale. The objective data was obtained from the readings of the Algometer instrument, measuring the pressure pain threshold of the active myofascial trigger points in the Infraspinatus muscle. The results of this study indicated that both cryotherapy and moist heat therapy significantly benefited the participants in terms of the treatment of the active myofascial trigger points of the Infraspinatus muscle. However, based on the results, final conclusions could not be formulated on whether the dry needling itself would be beneficial without needing the cryotherapy or the moist heat therapy, as neither modality proved superior over the other.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Royce, Alexandra Kristy
- Date: 2012-07-19
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndrome - Chiropractic treatment , Thermotherapy , Acupuncture , Cold - Therapeutic use
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8825 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5239
- Description: M.Tech. , Myofascial pain has become a major cause of disability and chronic pain in our society today. Left untreated, myofascial pain syndrome can become a chronic pain condition. Chronic pain conditions can not only cause disability due to pain, but can also lead to related conditions such as depression, physical deconditioning due to lack of exercise, disturbance of sleep and other psychological and behavioural disturbances (Rachlin, 1994). The aim of this study was to determine whether cryotherapy or moist heat therapy was a superior therapeutic modality when applied to active Infraspinatus muscle trigger points post-dry needling. Participants were recruited into the study by the use of advertisements put up at various places on the university campus as well as in the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. Fourty participants that conformed to the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The participants were randomly placed into two groups containing twenty participants in each group. Group A received cryotherapy post-dry needling and Group B received moist heat therapy post dry needling. Each participant received four treatments. The subjective and objective measurements were taken on the first, third and fifth visits. The fifth visit was scheduled to take final subjective and objective data only. The subjective data was obtained by measuring the participant‟s perception of their myofascial pain using the Visual Analogue Pain Scale. The objective data was obtained from the readings of the Algometer instrument, measuring the pressure pain threshold of the active myofascial trigger points in the Infraspinatus muscle. The results of this study indicated that both cryotherapy and moist heat therapy significantly benefited the participants in terms of the treatment of the active myofascial trigger points of the Infraspinatus muscle. However, based on the results, final conclusions could not be formulated on whether the dry needling itself would be beneficial without needing the cryotherapy or the moist heat therapy, as neither modality proved superior over the other.
- Full Text:
A comparison between ultrasound therapy and dry needling in the treatment of active trapezius myofascial trigger points
- Authors: De Klerk, Anika
- Date: 2014-10-09
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Trapezius muscle , Acupuncture , Ultrasonics in medicine
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12362
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial pain syndrome has become a significant cause of chronic pain and disability in today‟s society. Conditions causing chronic pain can not only cause disability due to pain, but can also lead to other problems such as psychological and behavioural disturbances. Physical deconditioning can also occur due to lack of exercise because of myofascial pain (Rachlin, 1994). The aim of this study was to compare dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in order to demonstrate any superiority between the two modalities. Participants for this study were recruited by word of mouth and advertisements that were placed around the University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus. Thirty people participated in the trial, all of whom conformed to the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were randomly placed into two groups. Group A received dry needling therapy, namely the fanning technique, and Group B received ultrasound therapy. Participants in Group A received one treatment per week for four weeks and subjective and objective measurements were taken at each visit. Participants in Group B received two treatments per week for three weeks and measurements were taken at visits one, three, five and seven. Subjective data was obtained through the use of the Visual Analogue Pain Scale, which measured the perception of pain of the participants. Objective data was obtained from pressure algometer readings, which measured pain pressure thresholds of participants, and through the Cervical Range Of Motion (CROM) device. The results of this study indicated that dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy both significantly benefited participants in terms of the treatment of active myofascial trigger points. Based on the final results, both dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy are equally effective modalities in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points, with neither modality showing superiority over the other.
- Full Text:
- Authors: De Klerk, Anika
- Date: 2014-10-09
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Trapezius muscle , Acupuncture , Ultrasonics in medicine
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12362
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Myofascial pain syndrome has become a significant cause of chronic pain and disability in today‟s society. Conditions causing chronic pain can not only cause disability due to pain, but can also lead to other problems such as psychological and behavioural disturbances. Physical deconditioning can also occur due to lack of exercise because of myofascial pain (Rachlin, 1994). The aim of this study was to compare dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in order to demonstrate any superiority between the two modalities. Participants for this study were recruited by word of mouth and advertisements that were placed around the University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus. Thirty people participated in the trial, all of whom conformed to the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were randomly placed into two groups. Group A received dry needling therapy, namely the fanning technique, and Group B received ultrasound therapy. Participants in Group A received one treatment per week for four weeks and subjective and objective measurements were taken at each visit. Participants in Group B received two treatments per week for three weeks and measurements were taken at visits one, three, five and seven. Subjective data was obtained through the use of the Visual Analogue Pain Scale, which measured the perception of pain of the participants. Objective data was obtained from pressure algometer readings, which measured pain pressure thresholds of participants, and through the Cervical Range Of Motion (CROM) device. The results of this study indicated that dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy both significantly benefited participants in terms of the treatment of active myofascial trigger points. Based on the final results, both dry needling therapy and ultrasound therapy are equally effective modalities in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points, with neither modality showing superiority over the other.
- Full Text:
The effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the posterior cervical musculature and the combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain
- Authors: Cooper, Jacqueline Lynette
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9913
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Mechanical neck pain is the general term that refers to any type of pain within the cervical spine caused by placing abnormal stress and strain on muscles of the vertebral column. This is a very common musculo-skeletal disorder within the population, with 45% to 54% reporting neck pain at any given time of their lives (Martinez-Segura, Fernandez-de-las-Penas, Ruiz-Saez, Lopez-Jimenez and Rodriguez-Blanco, 2006). A vast majority of individuals do not experience a complete resolution of symptoms and as such often becomes a chronic pain (Cote, Cassidy, Carol and Kristman, 2004). Chronic pain by definition is one which is present for a period longer than six weeks (Segen, 2002). Accompanying the neck pain is often a limited or reduced range of motion within the cervical spine. Some studies suggest that hyper-tonicity and strain of the supporting muscles within this region due to an altered biomechanics also contributes to the pain and dysfunction (Armstrong, McNair and Williams, 2005 and Dall’Alba et al. 2001). One of the major muscle groups involved in this is the posterior cervical musculature. This is a general term used to describe the muscles located on the posterior aspect of the neck and includes longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, rotatores and multifidus (Dalley and Moore, 2006). Chiropractic adjustment therapy has been shown to have many effects of the body and especially the cervical spine including a decrease in pain perception and muscle hypertonicity (Kirkaldy-Willis and Cassidy, 1985), an increase in cervical range of motion (Bergmann, Peterson and Lawrence, 1993) as well as an increased skin pain tolerance level (Terrett and Vernon, 1984). Dry needling therapy has also been proven to have similar effects, including, a reduction in pain perception, an increase in range in motion of the specific linked biomechanical section, and most importantly a reduction of muscle tension (Travell and Simons, 1993). The purpose of this study was to see if a synergistic effect of the two above mentioned treatments would occur when combined under one treatment protocol. The aim of this study was to determine how effectively cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the posterior cervical muscles and a combination of the two treatments was in treating chronic mechanical neck pain with regards to pain, disability and cervical spine range of motion over a three week period. Participants were recruited from the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. They were eligible to participate in the study once they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were recruited by means of word of mouth as well as with the use of advertisements that were placed around the respective campuses of the University of Johannesburg. Thirty participants who presented with chronic mechanical neck pain, volunteered for this comparative study. This trial is a randomised controlled clinical trial which used convenience sampling. Group A received a combination treatment of dry needling and cervical manipulation. Group B received cervical adjustment only while group C received dry needling of the posterior cervical musculature alone. participants were treated for a total of 6 visits. Subjective and objective measurements were done at visits 1, 4 and a final visit 7 during which only measurements were taken. These effects are based on Vernon-Mior Pain and Disability Index, Numerical Pain Scale Rating, Pressure Algometer as well as Cervical Spine Range of Motion measuring instrument (CROM). The results of this trial indicated that all three treatments were effective in treating chronic mechanic neck pain. While one treatment was not statistically more effective than the other the dry needling and cervical manipulation alone produced a superior result. While combining these treatments was effective the synergistic effect one would expect was not as evident.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cooper, Jacqueline Lynette
- Date: 2014-04-01
- Subjects: Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9913
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Mechanical neck pain is the general term that refers to any type of pain within the cervical spine caused by placing abnormal stress and strain on muscles of the vertebral column. This is a very common musculo-skeletal disorder within the population, with 45% to 54% reporting neck pain at any given time of their lives (Martinez-Segura, Fernandez-de-las-Penas, Ruiz-Saez, Lopez-Jimenez and Rodriguez-Blanco, 2006). A vast majority of individuals do not experience a complete resolution of symptoms and as such often becomes a chronic pain (Cote, Cassidy, Carol and Kristman, 2004). Chronic pain by definition is one which is present for a period longer than six weeks (Segen, 2002). Accompanying the neck pain is often a limited or reduced range of motion within the cervical spine. Some studies suggest that hyper-tonicity and strain of the supporting muscles within this region due to an altered biomechanics also contributes to the pain and dysfunction (Armstrong, McNair and Williams, 2005 and Dall’Alba et al. 2001). One of the major muscle groups involved in this is the posterior cervical musculature. This is a general term used to describe the muscles located on the posterior aspect of the neck and includes longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, rotatores and multifidus (Dalley and Moore, 2006). Chiropractic adjustment therapy has been shown to have many effects of the body and especially the cervical spine including a decrease in pain perception and muscle hypertonicity (Kirkaldy-Willis and Cassidy, 1985), an increase in cervical range of motion (Bergmann, Peterson and Lawrence, 1993) as well as an increased skin pain tolerance level (Terrett and Vernon, 1984). Dry needling therapy has also been proven to have similar effects, including, a reduction in pain perception, an increase in range in motion of the specific linked biomechanical section, and most importantly a reduction of muscle tension (Travell and Simons, 1993). The purpose of this study was to see if a synergistic effect of the two above mentioned treatments would occur when combined under one treatment protocol. The aim of this study was to determine how effectively cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the posterior cervical muscles and a combination of the two treatments was in treating chronic mechanical neck pain with regards to pain, disability and cervical spine range of motion over a three week period. Participants were recruited from the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. They were eligible to participate in the study once they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were recruited by means of word of mouth as well as with the use of advertisements that were placed around the respective campuses of the University of Johannesburg. Thirty participants who presented with chronic mechanical neck pain, volunteered for this comparative study. This trial is a randomised controlled clinical trial which used convenience sampling. Group A received a combination treatment of dry needling and cervical manipulation. Group B received cervical adjustment only while group C received dry needling of the posterior cervical musculature alone. participants were treated for a total of 6 visits. Subjective and objective measurements were done at visits 1, 4 and a final visit 7 during which only measurements were taken. These effects are based on Vernon-Mior Pain and Disability Index, Numerical Pain Scale Rating, Pressure Algometer as well as Cervical Spine Range of Motion measuring instrument (CROM). The results of this trial indicated that all three treatments were effective in treating chronic mechanic neck pain. While one treatment was not statistically more effective than the other the dry needling and cervical manipulation alone produced a superior result. While combining these treatments was effective the synergistic effect one would expect was not as evident.
- Full Text:
Dry needling versus cervical spine manipulation combined with dry needling in the treatment of subscapularis myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Nicole
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Scapula , Cervical vertebrae , Acupuncture , Spinal adjustment
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226509 , uj:22903
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: PURPOSE: Shoulder pain is one of the most common disorders that patients present with in practice. The most common cause of shoulder pain is a musculoskeletal problem that is chronic and recurrent. It is considered to be the main contributor towards non-traumatic upper limb pain. One of the identifiable causes of shoulder pain is myofascial pain syndrome which is caused by myofascial trigger points and produces symptoms similar to other shoulder pain syndromes. The subscapularis muscle is the largest of the rotator cuff muscles and is subjected to a large amount of biomechanical strain as well as neuromuscular tension. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of treating shoulder pain with either dry needling the subscapularis muscle or with a combination treatment of dry needling the subscapularis muscle as well as cervical spine manipulations in order to determine which of the two treatment protocols are more effective. METHODS: This study was a comparative study consisting forty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years old with shoulder pain that were divided into 2 groups. Prior to becoming a participant in this study, individuals were assessed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A Numerical Pain Rating Scale, clinical case history, full physical examination, cervical spine regional, shoulder regional and pressure algometer readings were completed. The method for treatment for each participant was determined by random group allocation. Group 1 received dry needling of the subscapularis muscle and group 2 received a combination treatment of subscapularis muscle dry needling and cervical spine manipulations. Subjective and objective readings were based on the above mentioned treatments. All participants received six treatments over a period of three weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Subjective measurements were obtained by the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the objective measurements were obtained using the hand-held pressure algometer. The data was collected on the initial, fourth and seventh consultations. OUTCOME: With the subjective readings, the intragroup analysis of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale for the both treatment groups showed improvement. Group 1 had a 92.44% improvement and group 2 had a 93.18% improvement. No statistically significant...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Nicole
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Scapula , Cervical vertebrae , Acupuncture , Spinal adjustment
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226509 , uj:22903
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: PURPOSE: Shoulder pain is one of the most common disorders that patients present with in practice. The most common cause of shoulder pain is a musculoskeletal problem that is chronic and recurrent. It is considered to be the main contributor towards non-traumatic upper limb pain. One of the identifiable causes of shoulder pain is myofascial pain syndrome which is caused by myofascial trigger points and produces symptoms similar to other shoulder pain syndromes. The subscapularis muscle is the largest of the rotator cuff muscles and is subjected to a large amount of biomechanical strain as well as neuromuscular tension. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of treating shoulder pain with either dry needling the subscapularis muscle or with a combination treatment of dry needling the subscapularis muscle as well as cervical spine manipulations in order to determine which of the two treatment protocols are more effective. METHODS: This study was a comparative study consisting forty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years old with shoulder pain that were divided into 2 groups. Prior to becoming a participant in this study, individuals were assessed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A Numerical Pain Rating Scale, clinical case history, full physical examination, cervical spine regional, shoulder regional and pressure algometer readings were completed. The method for treatment for each participant was determined by random group allocation. Group 1 received dry needling of the subscapularis muscle and group 2 received a combination treatment of subscapularis muscle dry needling and cervical spine manipulations. Subjective and objective readings were based on the above mentioned treatments. All participants received six treatments over a period of three weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Subjective measurements were obtained by the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the objective measurements were obtained using the hand-held pressure algometer. The data was collected on the initial, fourth and seventh consultations. OUTCOME: With the subjective readings, the intragroup analysis of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale for the both treatment groups showed improvement. Group 1 had a 92.44% improvement and group 2 had a 93.18% improvement. No statistically significant...
- Full Text:
The efficacy of conducting heat through a needle to alleviate post-needling soreness
- Authors: Dampier, Donielle
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Thermotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4623 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9966
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is often seen in clinical practice as a cause for pain. It is characterized as a dull ache to a burning pain that can cause referral of pain to other areas of the body (Travell and Simons, 1999). One method used to treat this, is by dry-needling therapy (DNT). DNT has proved to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain, but it has shown to cause post needling soreness. This soreness discourages many patients from receiving further dry-needling or treatment (Kamanli et al. 2005). Ways to help alleviate post-soreness are heat, stretching, ultrasound and application of pressure (Fleckenstein et al. 2010). All these modalities are done after the needle has been removed. This then adds an extra modality to the treatment as well as increased treatment time; therefore these modalities are often skipped by practitioners (Hong, 1994). Another factor to look at is that many of these modalities have not been researched objectively for effectiveness on relieving the post-needling soreness (Kamanli et al. 2005). Using a moxi cigar, placed on top of the acupuncture needle whilst inserted into the active trigger point is a way in which heat as a modality to treat post-needling soreness can be combined into the needling time. Aim of study: The aim was to investigate if heat conduction using a moxi cigar is an effective modality in alleviating post-needling soreness when treating myofascial pain syndrome with DNT. Methodology: The trial comprised of 90 participants divided randomly into three equal groups. Group 1 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle only. Group 2 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, with the addition of the burning moxi cigar to conduct heat through the acupuncture needle to the trigger point. Group 3 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, followed by 5 minutes of ultrasound therapy over the acupoint. Each participant was treated once with readings being recorded pre-treatment, post-treatment and then final readings were taken 24 hours post-treatment. Subjective data was in the form of a numerical pain scale questionnaire and a pain diary. Objective data was CROM and algometer readings. Data analysis: data collected by the researcher was analyzed with the help of a statistician at STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. After consultation, it was concluded that results would be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene’s test for equal variances. For all objective data collected, parametric testing would be used on objective data. The parametric tests used were: One way Anova and Post Hoc test. For subjective data, non-parametric testing was used on subjective data namely: Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusion: Based on the results, clinically, the study showed that dry needling with the addition of ultrasound or moxibustion, as a treatment for post-needling soreness did appear to have better results. The use of these two added modalities did ease post-needling soreness which for many patients is the reason they don’t wish to receive further dry-needling treatment. When using moxibustion the post-needling soreness is eased. This added treatment can be used during the dry needling and does not require additional treatment time for the practitioner or for the patient. To conclude, the efficacy of using a moxibustion to alleviate post-needling soreness has been seen clinically. This treatment can be used with minimal addition treatment time and could be used in clinical practice.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dampier, Donielle
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Thermotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4623 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9966
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is often seen in clinical practice as a cause for pain. It is characterized as a dull ache to a burning pain that can cause referral of pain to other areas of the body (Travell and Simons, 1999). One method used to treat this, is by dry-needling therapy (DNT). DNT has proved to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain, but it has shown to cause post needling soreness. This soreness discourages many patients from receiving further dry-needling or treatment (Kamanli et al. 2005). Ways to help alleviate post-soreness are heat, stretching, ultrasound and application of pressure (Fleckenstein et al. 2010). All these modalities are done after the needle has been removed. This then adds an extra modality to the treatment as well as increased treatment time; therefore these modalities are often skipped by practitioners (Hong, 1994). Another factor to look at is that many of these modalities have not been researched objectively for effectiveness on relieving the post-needling soreness (Kamanli et al. 2005). Using a moxi cigar, placed on top of the acupuncture needle whilst inserted into the active trigger point is a way in which heat as a modality to treat post-needling soreness can be combined into the needling time. Aim of study: The aim was to investigate if heat conduction using a moxi cigar is an effective modality in alleviating post-needling soreness when treating myofascial pain syndrome with DNT. Methodology: The trial comprised of 90 participants divided randomly into three equal groups. Group 1 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle only. Group 2 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, with the addition of the burning moxi cigar to conduct heat through the acupuncture needle to the trigger point. Group 3 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, followed by 5 minutes of ultrasound therapy over the acupoint. Each participant was treated once with readings being recorded pre-treatment, post-treatment and then final readings were taken 24 hours post-treatment. Subjective data was in the form of a numerical pain scale questionnaire and a pain diary. Objective data was CROM and algometer readings. Data analysis: data collected by the researcher was analyzed with the help of a statistician at STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. After consultation, it was concluded that results would be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene’s test for equal variances. For all objective data collected, parametric testing would be used on objective data. The parametric tests used were: One way Anova and Post Hoc test. For subjective data, non-parametric testing was used on subjective data namely: Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusion: Based on the results, clinically, the study showed that dry needling with the addition of ultrasound or moxibustion, as a treatment for post-needling soreness did appear to have better results. The use of these two added modalities did ease post-needling soreness which for many patients is the reason they don’t wish to receive further dry-needling treatment. When using moxibustion the post-needling soreness is eased. This added treatment can be used during the dry needling and does not require additional treatment time for the practitioner or for the patient. To conclude, the efficacy of using a moxibustion to alleviate post-needling soreness has been seen clinically. This treatment can be used with minimal addition treatment time and could be used in clinical practice.
- Full Text:
Comparison between chiropractic cervical spine manipulation and needling of acupuncture points in the treatment of tension - type headaches
- Authors: Orkan, Shahaf
- Date: 2012-09-04
- Subjects: Headache - Chiropractic treatment , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364022 , uj:3527 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6914
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: Acupuncture has been a controversial issue in the medical world for many years before the sceptic western medicine slowly adopted its idea. Some mechanisms for pain relief were clinically researched and proven to be valid as well as effective in treating tension-type headaches (Stux, Berman and Pomerantz, 2003) The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effects of cervical spine manipulation and needling of acupuncture points in those patients with tension-type headache and suggest another complimentary treatment to the chiropractic manipulation, especially in those patients where manipulation is contraindicated to manipulation. If found to be effective, various mechanisms have been suggested in the formation of tension headache episodes. Those mechanisms may be alterations within the spinal cord and/or brainstem gating mechanisms as a result of facet joint dysfunction, sensitization of nociceptors in the peripheral structures of the body and psychological factors. Method: This study consisted of two groups, consisting of 16 subjects in each group. All participants were screened for tension-type headaches and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five. Group 1 received chiropractic manipulation treatment to the most restricted levels in their cervical spine. Group 2 received treatment consisting of needling of acupuncture points to specific predetermined points. Procedure: Each successful candidate was treated six times over a 3 week period which included a total of seven sessions. Before the beginning of the treatment, the successful candidate completed the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index Questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Readings for cervical spine ranges of motion were then taken with a CROM device. In group 1, chiropractic manipulation was then delivered to the most restricted segments in the cervical spine. In group 2, needling of six predetermined acupuncture points for relieving tension-type headache was performed bilaterally. The same treatment procedure was administered at sessions one through six, the CROM readings and questionnaires were taken in sessions one, three, five and seven. Results: The results were obtained by using the Mann-Whitney U and t-test. No statistically significant differences were identified between the groups, when comparing the 2 treatment methods at the visits. However, both groups showed a statistically significant improvement over time within each group individually for subjective measurements and for right lateral flexion in the objective measurements. Conclusion: The results were inconclusive with regards to the prolonged effects of chiropractic manipulation and needling of acupuncture points on cervical spine range of motion in patients with tension-type headache. However, it was concluded that both methods of treatment had beneficial effects on how the participants perceived their pain and disability. Due to the small group of subjects and relatively short duration of the study, accurate conclusions could not be formulated. The findings obtained were insignificant and further research needs to be performed on the effects of cervical spine manipulation and needling of acupuncture points on those suffering with tension-type headache.
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- Authors: Orkan, Shahaf
- Date: 2012-09-04
- Subjects: Headache - Chiropractic treatment , Cervical vertebrae , Spinal adjustment , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364022 , uj:3527 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6914
- Description: M.Tech. , Purpose: Acupuncture has been a controversial issue in the medical world for many years before the sceptic western medicine slowly adopted its idea. Some mechanisms for pain relief were clinically researched and proven to be valid as well as effective in treating tension-type headaches (Stux, Berman and Pomerantz, 2003) The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effects of cervical spine manipulation and needling of acupuncture points in those patients with tension-type headache and suggest another complimentary treatment to the chiropractic manipulation, especially in those patients where manipulation is contraindicated to manipulation. If found to be effective, various mechanisms have been suggested in the formation of tension headache episodes. Those mechanisms may be alterations within the spinal cord and/or brainstem gating mechanisms as a result of facet joint dysfunction, sensitization of nociceptors in the peripheral structures of the body and psychological factors. Method: This study consisted of two groups, consisting of 16 subjects in each group. All participants were screened for tension-type headaches and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five. Group 1 received chiropractic manipulation treatment to the most restricted levels in their cervical spine. Group 2 received treatment consisting of needling of acupuncture points to specific predetermined points. Procedure: Each successful candidate was treated six times over a 3 week period which included a total of seven sessions. Before the beginning of the treatment, the successful candidate completed the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index Questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Readings for cervical spine ranges of motion were then taken with a CROM device. In group 1, chiropractic manipulation was then delivered to the most restricted segments in the cervical spine. In group 2, needling of six predetermined acupuncture points for relieving tension-type headache was performed bilaterally. The same treatment procedure was administered at sessions one through six, the CROM readings and questionnaires were taken in sessions one, three, five and seven. Results: The results were obtained by using the Mann-Whitney U and t-test. No statistically significant differences were identified between the groups, when comparing the 2 treatment methods at the visits. However, both groups showed a statistically significant improvement over time within each group individually for subjective measurements and for right lateral flexion in the objective measurements. Conclusion: The results were inconclusive with regards to the prolonged effects of chiropractic manipulation and needling of acupuncture points on cervical spine range of motion in patients with tension-type headache. However, it was concluded that both methods of treatment had beneficial effects on how the participants perceived their pain and disability. Due to the small group of subjects and relatively short duration of the study, accurate conclusions could not be formulated. The findings obtained were insignificant and further research needs to be performed on the effects of cervical spine manipulation and needling of acupuncture points on those suffering with tension-type headache.
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Dry needling versus intramuscular electrical stimulation on deltoid myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Naransammy, Saisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Acupuncture points
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292865 , uj:31833
- Description: Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dry needling versus intramuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of shoulder pain attributed to deltoid myofascial trigger points. The outcomes were compared in terms of the changes found in the pain pressure threshold measurements and the pain scales completed by the participants. This study would then validate if the treatment interventions were effective in reducing shoulder pain that is due to deltoid myofascial trigger points. Method: A sample of 30 participants between the ages of 18-50 years, participated in this study. The voluntary participants were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 participants each. Group 1 received dry needling therapy administered to their deltoid myofascial trigger points and Group 2 received therapy in the form of intramuscular electrical stimulation on deltoid myofascial trigger points Procedure: The trial period included six treatments administered over a period of 3-4 weeks, together with a seventh visit for measurements only. The subjective and objective data were gathered at visit 1 (V1), before visit 4 (V4) and visit 7. Subjective measurements comprised of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Objective measurements were recorded using a pressure algometer. Results: Statistical analysis was performed using the parametric testing that comprised of the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality. The Greenhouse-Geisser test and the tests of Within-Subjects Contrasts were conducted for the intragroup analysis. The tests of between-Subject Effects were utilised for the intergroup analysis. Statistical evidence demonstrated a statistically significant difference for the intragroup analysis and no statistical significance for the intergroup analysis. Consequently, no treatment intervention proved to be superior. Conclusion: This study showed that both treatment approaches were effective. According to descriptive statistical analysis of objective and subjective data, group 1 proved to be slightly more effective than group 2, with a slightly higher decrease in pain albeit not statistically different. Intragroup and intergroup analysis illustrated that neither group 1 nor group 2 proved to be superior to the other. Therefore it could... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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- Authors: Naransammy, Saisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Acupuncture points
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292865 , uj:31833
- Description: Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dry needling versus intramuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of shoulder pain attributed to deltoid myofascial trigger points. The outcomes were compared in terms of the changes found in the pain pressure threshold measurements and the pain scales completed by the participants. This study would then validate if the treatment interventions were effective in reducing shoulder pain that is due to deltoid myofascial trigger points. Method: A sample of 30 participants between the ages of 18-50 years, participated in this study. The voluntary participants were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 participants each. Group 1 received dry needling therapy administered to their deltoid myofascial trigger points and Group 2 received therapy in the form of intramuscular electrical stimulation on deltoid myofascial trigger points Procedure: The trial period included six treatments administered over a period of 3-4 weeks, together with a seventh visit for measurements only. The subjective and objective data were gathered at visit 1 (V1), before visit 4 (V4) and visit 7. Subjective measurements comprised of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Objective measurements were recorded using a pressure algometer. Results: Statistical analysis was performed using the parametric testing that comprised of the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality. The Greenhouse-Geisser test and the tests of Within-Subjects Contrasts were conducted for the intragroup analysis. The tests of between-Subject Effects were utilised for the intergroup analysis. Statistical evidence demonstrated a statistically significant difference for the intragroup analysis and no statistical significance for the intergroup analysis. Consequently, no treatment intervention proved to be superior. Conclusion: This study showed that both treatment approaches were effective. According to descriptive statistical analysis of objective and subjective data, group 1 proved to be slightly more effective than group 2, with a slightly higher decrease in pain albeit not statistically different. Intragroup and intergroup analysis illustrated that neither group 1 nor group 2 proved to be superior to the other. Therefore it could... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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Muscle energy technique versus dry needling of quadratus lumborum in the treatment of myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Greenberg, Joshua
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Physical therapy , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Back - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4625 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9968
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: The aim of this comparative study was to compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) versus myofascial dry needling of quadratus lumborum in the treatment of myofascial trigger points (TrPs), with regards to pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. Method: Thirty participants, male and female between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, with an active quadratus lumborum TrP were used in this study. The thirty participants were randomly divided into two groups consisting of fifteen individuals each, ensuring equal male to female and age ratios. Group 1 received treatment in the form of MET. Group 2 received treatment in the form of myofascial dry needling. The trial consisted of five visits over a treatment period of two weeks, of which the first four visits the participants received treatment and the fifth visit served the purpose of obtaining the final data. The data was gathered on the first, third and fifth visits. The data was gathered before the treatment was performed. Objective data consisted of measuring lumbar spine range of motion with a digital inclinometer and pain pressure threshold using an algometer. Subjective data was obtained by using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Oswestry Disablity Index for Lower Back Pain (ODI). Results: The results were interpreted by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. Both groups improved significantly in both the objective and subjective measurements over the two week trial period. This indicted that both treatment interventions were effective in the treatment of active quadratus lumborum TrPs. The results also indicated that group 2 (myofascial dry needling) was statistically superior to group 1 (MET) with regards to the subjective and lumbar spine range of motion measurements obtained during the study. There was no statistical superiority between the two treatment interventions with regards to the pain pressure threshold values obtained. These results indicate that dry needling is more effective than MET in decreasing pain and disability, while increasing lumbar spine range motion due to active quadratus lumborum TrPs. Conclusion: It was concluded, based on the results, that myofascial dry needling was more effective than MET with regards to the subjective pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. However with regards to pain pressure threshold values, there was no superiority of either treatment. This study suggests that myofascial dry needling is a preferential treatment option than MET in the case of active quadratus lumborum TrPs as it is possible that dry needling alone is more effective in reducing pain, disability and increasing lumbar spine range of motion. However this does not rule out MET as treatment for active TrPs as objectively MET reduces objective pain as effectively as dry needling.
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- Authors: Greenberg, Joshua
- Date: 2014-04-02
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes - Physical therapy , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Back - Muscles
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4625 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9968
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Purpose: The aim of this comparative study was to compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) versus myofascial dry needling of quadratus lumborum in the treatment of myofascial trigger points (TrPs), with regards to pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. Method: Thirty participants, male and female between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, with an active quadratus lumborum TrP were used in this study. The thirty participants were randomly divided into two groups consisting of fifteen individuals each, ensuring equal male to female and age ratios. Group 1 received treatment in the form of MET. Group 2 received treatment in the form of myofascial dry needling. The trial consisted of five visits over a treatment period of two weeks, of which the first four visits the participants received treatment and the fifth visit served the purpose of obtaining the final data. The data was gathered on the first, third and fifth visits. The data was gathered before the treatment was performed. Objective data consisted of measuring lumbar spine range of motion with a digital inclinometer and pain pressure threshold using an algometer. Subjective data was obtained by using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Oswestry Disablity Index for Lower Back Pain (ODI). Results: The results were interpreted by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. Both groups improved significantly in both the objective and subjective measurements over the two week trial period. This indicted that both treatment interventions were effective in the treatment of active quadratus lumborum TrPs. The results also indicated that group 2 (myofascial dry needling) was statistically superior to group 1 (MET) with regards to the subjective and lumbar spine range of motion measurements obtained during the study. There was no statistical superiority between the two treatment interventions with regards to the pain pressure threshold values obtained. These results indicate that dry needling is more effective than MET in decreasing pain and disability, while increasing lumbar spine range motion due to active quadratus lumborum TrPs. Conclusion: It was concluded, based on the results, that myofascial dry needling was more effective than MET with regards to the subjective pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. However with regards to pain pressure threshold values, there was no superiority of either treatment. This study suggests that myofascial dry needling is a preferential treatment option than MET in the case of active quadratus lumborum TrPs as it is possible that dry needling alone is more effective in reducing pain, disability and increasing lumbar spine range of motion. However this does not rule out MET as treatment for active TrPs as objectively MET reduces objective pain as effectively as dry needling.
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The effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and the combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain
- Authors: Maboe, Mmapula Elizabeth
- Date: 2011-09-13T09:15:51Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment of neck pain , Alternative treatment of chronic pain , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3832
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and a combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain. Forty-five patients were recruited via posters and advertisements from in and around the University of Johannesburg. The participants had to present with bilateral neck pain, decreased range of motion and an active levator scapulae muscles trigger point, which was diagnosed using range of motion and trigger point examination. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups of fifteen participants each. Prior to treatment a full case history, physical examination and cervical regional examination were performed to ensure that the patients were eligible to partake in the clinical trial. Group 1 was the adjusting group; group 2 was the combination group while group 3 was the needling group. Participants were treated five times over a period of three weeks. The objective measurements used in this clinical trial involved a cervical range of motion instrument (C.R.O.M., Performance Attainment Associates) and an algometer (Wagner Instruments). Subjective measurements were achieved using the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Appendix G) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (Appendix H). Each measurement was taken prior to treatment on the first and third visits and after treatment on the fifth visit with three measurements per participant overall. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests to compare data. The results indicated that the three groups responded favourably to their respective treatments. Overall, this study has indicated that dry needling of the Levator scapulae muscle provides no statistically significant contribution to the conservative treatment of mechanical neck pain caused by levator scapulae trigger points.
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- Authors: Maboe, Mmapula Elizabeth
- Date: 2011-09-13T09:15:51Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment of neck pain , Alternative treatment of chronic pain , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3832
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and a combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain. Forty-five patients were recruited via posters and advertisements from in and around the University of Johannesburg. The participants had to present with bilateral neck pain, decreased range of motion and an active levator scapulae muscles trigger point, which was diagnosed using range of motion and trigger point examination. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups of fifteen participants each. Prior to treatment a full case history, physical examination and cervical regional examination were performed to ensure that the patients were eligible to partake in the clinical trial. Group 1 was the adjusting group; group 2 was the combination group while group 3 was the needling group. Participants were treated five times over a period of three weeks. The objective measurements used in this clinical trial involved a cervical range of motion instrument (C.R.O.M., Performance Attainment Associates) and an algometer (Wagner Instruments). Subjective measurements were achieved using the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Appendix G) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (Appendix H). Each measurement was taken prior to treatment on the first and third visits and after treatment on the fifth visit with three measurements per participant overall. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests to compare data. The results indicated that the three groups responded favourably to their respective treatments. Overall, this study has indicated that dry needling of the Levator scapulae muscle provides no statistically significant contribution to the conservative treatment of mechanical neck pain caused by levator scapulae trigger points.
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Dry needling versus cervical spine manipulation combined with dry needling of infraspinatus muscle myofascial trigger points
- Authors: Cloete, Gert
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Dry needling therapy , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Acupuncture , Cervical vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7450 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8310
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare dry needling with cervical spine manipulation combined with dry needling, in the treatment of infraspinatus muscle myofascial trigger points. Study Design: This was a randomized experimental study Setting: The participants were treated at the University of Johannesburg chiropractic day clinic Subjects: 30 participants volunteered for the study. The participants were divided into groups by randomly drawing thirty numbers from a hat, and placing them into two groups: either dry needling combined with spinal manipulation (group 1) or dry needling only (group 2). Participants had to be between eighteen and fifty years old and they could have been male or female. Participants had to present with active infraspinatus muscle myofascial trigger points and also had to present with shoulder or lateral arm pain reproduced by infraspinatus trigger point palpation. Method: Participants were either treated using dry needling only or dry needling combined with spinal manipulation. There were seven consultations. The first six consultations were treatment consultations. Measurements were taken at consultations one, four and seven. Results: The results indicate statistically that participants who had dry needling on its own had a faster increased pressure pain tolerance and a faster decrease in resting electrical activity of the muscle over the treatment period than those that recieved dry needling in combination with spinal manipulation. We must emphasize however that this did not show in the numerical pain rating scale. Participants felt a relatively even relief of their pain in both groups. These overall results might have been skewed by outliers in groups and a small demographic study size. The rest of the results were statistically insignificant, however there was a clinically desired therapeutic effect noted in both groups throughout the study. Conclusion: Dry needling only and dry needling combined with spinal manipulation, individually have desired therapeutic effects in the treatment of infraspinatus myofascial trigger points. There is however no conclusive statistical results in this study that shows one treatment protocol to have a greater therapeutic effect when compared to the other. However this study size was small and therefore the results may have been coincidental.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cloete, Gert
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Dry needling therapy , Myofascial pain syndromes - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Acupuncture , Cervical vertebrae
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7450 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8310
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare dry needling with cervical spine manipulation combined with dry needling, in the treatment of infraspinatus muscle myofascial trigger points. Study Design: This was a randomized experimental study Setting: The participants were treated at the University of Johannesburg chiropractic day clinic Subjects: 30 participants volunteered for the study. The participants were divided into groups by randomly drawing thirty numbers from a hat, and placing them into two groups: either dry needling combined with spinal manipulation (group 1) or dry needling only (group 2). Participants had to be between eighteen and fifty years old and they could have been male or female. Participants had to present with active infraspinatus muscle myofascial trigger points and also had to present with shoulder or lateral arm pain reproduced by infraspinatus trigger point palpation. Method: Participants were either treated using dry needling only or dry needling combined with spinal manipulation. There were seven consultations. The first six consultations were treatment consultations. Measurements were taken at consultations one, four and seven. Results: The results indicate statistically that participants who had dry needling on its own had a faster increased pressure pain tolerance and a faster decrease in resting electrical activity of the muscle over the treatment period than those that recieved dry needling in combination with spinal manipulation. We must emphasize however that this did not show in the numerical pain rating scale. Participants felt a relatively even relief of their pain in both groups. These overall results might have been skewed by outliers in groups and a small demographic study size. The rest of the results were statistically insignificant, however there was a clinically desired therapeutic effect noted in both groups throughout the study. Conclusion: Dry needling only and dry needling combined with spinal manipulation, individually have desired therapeutic effects in the treatment of infraspinatus myofascial trigger points. There is however no conclusive statistical results in this study that shows one treatment protocol to have a greater therapeutic effect when compared to the other. However this study size was small and therefore the results may have been coincidental.
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Activator instrument versus dry needling of active upper trapezius myofascial trigger points in those with neck pain
- Authors: Siphuma, Winnie Mulalo
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes- Chiropractic treatment , Dry needling therapy , Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Trapezius muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7456 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8316
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Neck pain is a common and costly complaint in society and many are made to believe that their neck pain is caused by pinched nerve, compressed disk, arthritis or displaced cervical vertebrae, when in reality the pain may be solely due to referral from myofascial trigger points in overworked or traumatized muscles of their upper back and shoulders. Travel and Simons (1999) demonstrated trapezius muscle of the neck, back and shoulder as the main cause of mechanical neck pain and stiffness. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of trigger point therapy using an activator instrument versus myofascial dry needling in combination with cervical spine adjustment in the treatment of those with acute or chronic neck pain associated with active trigger point 1 (TrP 1) or trigger point 2 (TrP 2) of upper trapezius muscle, with regards to pain and disability, pressure pain threshold and cervical spine range of motion. The clinical study consisted of forty participants, from the ages of 18 and 45, randomly allocated into two groups of twenty individuals each. Potential participants were examined and accepted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1 received activator trigger point therapy to upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine, and group 2 received myofascial dry needling of upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine. Participants were treated four times over a period of two weeks. Subjective data was collected using the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index and a Visual Analog Scale. Objective data was collected using an algometer to measure pressure pain threshold of trapezius TrPs muscles, and a goniometer to measure cervical spine range of motion. All data was collected at the first and third visits prior to treatment, and at the fifth visit. The statistical analysis was conducted using nonparametric tests. Friedman’s test was used to assess whether neck pain, disability, cervical spine range of motion and pressure pain threshold varied over the three time intervals. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Pair test was used for assessment of comparability of the results in each group separately, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the accumulated data in the two groups.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Siphuma, Winnie Mulalo
- Date: 2013-04-17
- Subjects: Myofascial pain syndromes- Chiropractic treatment , Dry needling therapy , Neck pain - Chiropractic treatment , Acupuncture , Trapezius muscle
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7456 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8316
- Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Neck pain is a common and costly complaint in society and many are made to believe that their neck pain is caused by pinched nerve, compressed disk, arthritis or displaced cervical vertebrae, when in reality the pain may be solely due to referral from myofascial trigger points in overworked or traumatized muscles of their upper back and shoulders. Travel and Simons (1999) demonstrated trapezius muscle of the neck, back and shoulder as the main cause of mechanical neck pain and stiffness. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of trigger point therapy using an activator instrument versus myofascial dry needling in combination with cervical spine adjustment in the treatment of those with acute or chronic neck pain associated with active trigger point 1 (TrP 1) or trigger point 2 (TrP 2) of upper trapezius muscle, with regards to pain and disability, pressure pain threshold and cervical spine range of motion. The clinical study consisted of forty participants, from the ages of 18 and 45, randomly allocated into two groups of twenty individuals each. Potential participants were examined and accepted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1 received activator trigger point therapy to upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine, and group 2 received myofascial dry needling of upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine. Participants were treated four times over a period of two weeks. Subjective data was collected using the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index and a Visual Analog Scale. Objective data was collected using an algometer to measure pressure pain threshold of trapezius TrPs muscles, and a goniometer to measure cervical spine range of motion. All data was collected at the first and third visits prior to treatment, and at the fifth visit. The statistical analysis was conducted using nonparametric tests. Friedman’s test was used to assess whether neck pain, disability, cervical spine range of motion and pressure pain threshold varied over the three time intervals. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Pair test was used for assessment of comparability of the results in each group separately, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the accumulated data in the two groups.
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