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Heading south : theory, Viva Riva! and District 9

- Frassinelli, Pier Paolo

What middle class? : the shifting and dynamic nature of class position

- Khunou, Grace

  • Authors: Khunou, Grace
  • Date: 2015-12-06
  • Subjects: Black middle class - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5607 , ISSN 0376835x , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14341
  • Description: Class categorisation should not only be informed by academic pursuits but by the lived experiences of those being categorised. A human or community centred definition of class will illustrate the complexities of class experience and will thus present a dynamic conceptualisation. Through two life histories interviews of two black women from South Africa this article illustrates that middle classness for blacks during apartheid was constantly shifting due to its socio-economic and political impermanence. Thus membership to this social position included continuous negotiation driven by inclusiveness in ones own community and the effects of being racially othered in interaction with whites and white spaces. In conclusion the article argues that being middle class and black is heterogeneously experienced and thus complex.
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The Natal Indian Congress, the Mass Democratic Movement and the struggle to defeat Apartheid : 1980-1994

- Desai, Ashwin, Vahed, Goolam

  • Authors: Desai, Ashwin , Vahed, Goolam
  • Date: 2015-06-17
  • Subjects: Mass Democratic Movement , Natal Indian Congress , Black Consciousness Movement , Apartheid - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5602 , ISSN 02589346 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14332
  • Description: The Natal Indian Congress (NIC) was revived in 1971 in the context of what has become known as the ‘Durban moment’. This period also witnessed the emergence of the Black Consciousness Movement and an independent trade union movement inspired by the 1973 Durban strikes. Despite a government crackdown and opposition from anti-apartheid groups that asserted that ethnic identities were a relic of the past, the NIC attracted younger activists through the 1970s and by the early 1980s, had survived the banning and detention of its leadership to become involved in civic struggles over housing and education, and in mobilizing against government-created political structures. It also played a pivotal role in the United Democratic Front formed in 1983. This did not mean that the NIC was monolithic. The 1980s spawned vibrant and often vicious debates within the NIC over participation in government-created structures, allegations of cabals and, as democracy dawned, differing opinions of the future of an organization that first came into being in the last decade of the nineteenth century. In critically interrogating this crucial period between 1980 and 1994, when mass-based struggle was renewed, two states of emergency were imposed and apartheid eventually ended, this article adds to the growing historiography of the anti-apartheid struggle by focusing on an important but neglected aspect of that story. It focuses on the internal workings of the NIC and the relationship between the NIC, the emergent Mass Democratic Movement and the African National Congress (ANC) in the context of broader political and economic changes
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The rise of emerging powers in the global development finance architecture : the case of the BRICS and the new Development Bank

- Qobo, Mzukisi, Soko, Mills

Indian South Africans and the Black Consciousness Movement under apartheid

- Desai, Ashwin

  • Authors: Desai, Ashwin
  • Date: 2014-10-03
  • Subjects: Black Consciousness Movement , Indians - South Africa , Apartheid - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5595 , ISSN 09739572 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14298
  • Description: In the late 1960s, “non-white” university students marched out of the white dominated but, at that stage, still multi-racial, National Union of South African Students (NUSAS). They formed the South African Students Organisation (SASO) and began formulating an ideology called Black Consciousness (BC). At its heart, the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) called for the unity of South Africa’s oppressed, which they defined as African, Coloured and Indian. Those who were not students found a home in the Black People’s Convention (BPC). Many students of Indian origin joined SASO and played leading roles in the development of the BCM. This article traces these developments, paying particular attention to Indian women, seeking to understand their motivations in joining the movement, and record their experiences inside the BCM. Their story has to date been largely ignored, primarily because the Indian male members of BCM who stood trial and went to Robben Island during this period have tended to overwhelm the narrative, and in more recent times, the post-apartheid liberation story has been dominated by the journey of the African National Congress (ANC).
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Mobile communication privacy management in romantic relationships : a dialectical approach

- Ngcongo, Mthobeli

Overlooking the most vulnerable : the child welfare research agenda, 2005- 2010

- Schmid, Jeanette

Inequities in health outcomes and access to health care in South Africa : a comparison between persons with and without disabilities

- Moodley, Jacqueline, Ross, Eleanor

Are we going to stand by and let these children come into the world? : the impact of the Thalidomide disaster in South Africa, 1960-1977

- Klausen, Susanne M., Parle, Julie

  • Authors: Klausen, Susanne M. , Parle, Julie
  • Date: 2015-06-08
  • Subjects: Thalidomide - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5571 , ISSN 14653893 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14224
  • Description: Thalidomide is in many ways the archetypal drug of our era. Produced in the mid-1950s by German firm Chemie-Grünenthal GmbH, and sold directly by them or by licencees, it was one of a multitude of medications industrially created during the post-war boom in synthetic drugs and aggressively marketed for multiple uses on a global scale. Most notoriously given to pregnant women suffering from morning sickness, without adequate testing for either toxicity or effectiveness, thalidomide was advertised as being ‘completely non-poisonous, completely safe’. Instead, in what became known as the ‘thalidomide scandal’, it caused malformations resulting in at least 10,000 children being born with severe disabilities. Previous research has shown that thalidomide was given out as samples, sold over the counter, or distributed via national health ...
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Reflexive grappling with theory and methods of text analysis : race and racism represented in history textbooks

- Morgan, Katalin

  • Authors: Morgan, Katalin
  • Date: 2010
  • Subjects: History textbooks , Racism in textbooks
  • Type: Journal
  • Identifier: uj:5468 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13444
  • Description: Theoretical and methodological matters pertaining to school textbook analysis are an under-researched and under-documented area of specialisation. In this article I attempt to contribute to this field by reflecting on my own experience of grappling with these issues as relevant to the study of a number of South African school history textbooks. The topic of investigation is that of race and racism. I use this as a vehicle for operationalising the theoretical and methodological issues at hand. A key issue is whether historians and other ‘scientists’ make the methods of their disciplinary discoveries explicit or not, and the implications this could have for developing historical understanding. In the second part of the article I explain the theoretical position I assume towards the object of my study. It is a hermeneutic realist stance; a stance that attempts to use the researcher’s (own) particular historically and culturally conditioned mindset in the interpretive process. In some cases this led to an interpretation of the messages communicated in the textbook as flat and sterile, reinforcing stereotypes, while in others the reader is drawn into a discourse that tends to appeal to his or her humanity rather than judgement.
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Love beyond colour : the formation of interracial gay men's intimate relationships in post-apartheid South Africa

- Adeagbo, Oluwafemi

  • Authors: Adeagbo, Oluwafemi
  • Date: 2015-03-02
  • Subjects: Family sociology , Homosexuality , Same-sex marriages , Interracial dating
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5609 , ISSN 14608944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14347
  • Description: South Africa became the first country in Africa to legalise same-sex marriages in its post-apartheid constitution. The formally instituted racial and sexual discriminations that dominated during the apartheid period were revised and equality of all citizens, irrespective of their race and sexual orientations, represents one of the key achievements of democratic South Africa. The current constitution gives room for people to express their sexualities freely without being discriminated against. This recognition is bridging the gap of racial and sexual exclusion and inclusion that were created during and before the apartheid era. Despite the everyday negative experiences of gay men based on their sexual orientation in post-apartheid Sou! th Africa, gay partners persist in their intimate relationships and continue to negotiate their social and constitutional rights. What is interesting at the moment is the increasing visibility of interracial gay partners in this country as a whole. This paper explores how a small group of men of different racial backgrounds assert their constitutional rights through the formation of interracial same-sex intimate relationships that used to be a criminal offence.
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Electronic asssessment in higher education

- Brink, Roelien, Lautenbach, Geoffrey

  • Authors: Brink, Roelien , Lautenbach, Geoffrey
  • Date: 2011-02
  • Subjects: Electronic assessment , Higher education , Educational assessment , E-assessment
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5762 , ISSN 1465-3400 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7768
  • Description: Assessment is an important cornerstone of education. “Assessment is central to the learning process and is a crucial aspect of teaching. It is the most significant factor that influences student learning” (UniSA Learning Connection, 2008). A world trend in staying abreast of the latest developments in the field of ICT has led to an increased demand for electronic assessment in education circles. The critical need and responsibility for higher education to stay on par with the latest techniques regarding assessment subsequently led the University of Johannesburg (UJ) to implement electronic assessment in some departments in 2004. Several challenges led to this exploration into the use of one e-assessment tool within the University.
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Development assistance and the lasting legacies of rebellion in Burundi and Rwanda

- Curtis, Devon E. A., Peace-building - Africa

African ethics and journalism ethics : news and opinion in light of Ubuntu

- Metz, Thaddeus

  • Authors: Metz, Thaddeus
  • Date: 2015-04-15
  • Subjects: African ethics , Journalism ethics , Media ethics , Ubuntu (Philosophy) , Ubuntu journalism - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5572 , ISSN 08900523 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14225
  • Description: In this article, I address some central issues in journalism ethics from a fresh perspective, namely, one that is theoretical and informed by values salient in sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on a foundational moral theory with an African pedigree, which is intended to rival Western theories such as Kantianism and utilitarianism, I provide a unified account of an array of duties of various agents with respect to the news/opinion media. I maintain that the ability of the African moral theory to plausibly account for issues such as proper content, investigative ethics, and freedom of speech means that it should be taken seriously by media ethicists and merits being paired up against competing approaches in future work.
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The raising of the flag in ‘Volkstaat’ Orania : perspectives on a school ceremony

- Morgan, Katalin, Hues, Henning

  • Authors: Morgan, Katalin , Hues, Henning
  • Date: 2010
  • Subjects: Afrikaners - Rites and ceremonies , Rites and ceremonies - South Africa - Orania
  • Type: Journal
  • Identifier: uj:5465 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13441
  • Description: In this paper we present an analysis of a social practice that was observed during a two month ethnographic field study in a school in the Afrikaans community of Orania. It is a flag ceremony that is carried out at the end of each week. We use two different framework positions from which to discuss the ceremony - Turner’s (2009) interpretive framework with which to analyse social action as ritual and Reckwitz’s (2003) “theories of practice” approach to see how it could be understood as forming part of everyday life. From the view of the former, rituals are mostly associated with power relations and initiation, and have rigid time and content structures. From the view of the latter, a type of “praxeological” approach, the observed ceremony could be interpreted as an integral part of everyday school life that is embedded and is an embodied routine, without rational, reflective practice. The aim of this article is to juxtapose and discuss these two alternative approaches as they apply to the observed ceremony. For this we turn to the work of Erving Goffman, who combines ritual theory with an everyday routine focus. The conclusions point to the need to examine the underlying logic of practices instead of only describing their evolving dynamics.
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An integration of the livelihoods and asset-based community development approaches : a South African case study

- Nel, Hanna

  • Authors: Nel, Hanna
  • Date: 2015-05-18
  • Subjects: Sustainable livelihoods , Asset-based community development
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5578 , ISSN 0376835x , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14231
  • Description: This study provides an integrated framework and practice model of the sustainable livelihoods (SL) and the asset-based community development (ABCD) approaches. A household survey of a rural village in South Africa is used as a basis of analysis to demonstrate the application of the integrated approach. The results elucidate the vulnerability of the people and a range of inter-locking and multi-dimensional factors contributing to poverty in the community. The results also show people’s assets, capabilities and activities which enable them to cope and survive despite constraints and shortcomings. It was found that the integrated SL/ABCD framework is a useful framework to understand the strengths of a vulnerable community in order to plan and implement sustainable community development strategies.
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LCA of the South African sugar industry

- Mashoko, Livison, Mbohwa, Charles, Thomas, Valerie M.

  • Authors: Mashoko, Livison , Mbohwa, Charles , Thomas, Valerie M.
  • Date: 2010
  • Subjects: Sugar trade - South Africa , Life cycle assessments - South Africa
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5202 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14445
  • Description: South Africa is one of the world’s leading producers of high quality sugar, producing approximately 2.5 million tonnes per annum. The South African sugar industry makes a significant contribution to the South African national economy, generating direct income of approximately 6 billion South African Rand (R) per year (US$700 million or €500 million) (SASA 2008). The industry employs approximately 85,000 people in cane production and processing, and also indirectly provides jobs in numerous support industries such as fertiliser, chemical, transport and food industries (SASA 2008).
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Whitelier than white? : inversions of the racial gaze in white Zimbabwean writing

- Tagwirei, Cuthbeth, De Kock, Leon

  • Authors: Tagwirei, Cuthbeth , De Kock, Leon
  • Date: 2015
  • Subjects: Zimbabwean literature , Whiteness , Whiteness studies , Racial gaze , Whiteliness , Double consciousness , Race
  • Language: English
  • Type: Journal article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/55695 , uj:16302 , Citation: Tagwirei, C. & De Kock, L., 2015. Whitelier than white? Inversions of the racial gaze in white Zimbabwean writing. African Identities, 13(3):184-198. DOI: 10.1080/14725843.2015.1023256.
  • Description: Abstract: This article looks at inscriptions of whiteness in selected white Zimbabwean narratives. Through a reading of Andrea Eames’ The Cry of the Go-Away Bird (2011), Alexander Fuller’s Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight (2003) and John Eppel’s Absent: the English Teacher (2009), the argument proposes that white Zimbabwean narratives situate whiteness within the context of change and marginality in Zimbabwe. The narratives deal with experiences of change and apprehensions of lived reality marked by the transfer of power from white minority to black majority rule. Our reading of The Cry of the Go-Away Bird examines how whiteness in the postcolonial Zimbabwean state is perceived through an outsider’s gaze, resulting in a kind of double consciousness within the (racialized, white) subject of the gaze. It is argued that the text depicts whites as torn between two unreconciled streams of possibility, reinforcing their sense of alienation. Fuller’s Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight represents whiteness as a thoroughly ephemeral experience. The meaning of whiteness is mediated through perpetual physical movement as whites travel from one point to another. Eppel’s Absent: the English Teacher affords a rethinking of whiteness as an unstable form of identity contingent on historical and political factors.
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How the West was one : the Western as individualist, the African as communitarian

- Metz, Thaddeus

  • Authors: Metz, Thaddeus
  • Date: 2014-12-22
  • Subjects: Communitarianism , Individualism , Western philosophy
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5622 , ISSN 00131857 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14650
  • Description: There is a kernel of truth in the claim that Western philosophy and practice of education is individualistic; theory in Euro-America tends to prize properties that are internal to a human being, such as her autonomy, rationality, knowledge, pleasure, desires, self-esteem and self- realisation, and education there tends to adopt techniques focused on the individual placed at some distance from others. What is striking about other philosophical–educational traditions in the East and the South is that they are typically much more communitarian. I argue that since geographical terms such as 'Western', 'African' and the like are best construed as picking out properties that are salient in a region, it is fair to conclude that the Western is individualist and that the African is communitarian. What this means is that if I am correct about a noticeable contrast between philosophies of education typical in the West and in sub-Saharan Africa, and if there are, upon reflection, attractive facets of communitarianism, then those in the West and in societies influenced by it should in some real sense become less Western, in order to take them on.
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Debating ICT policy first principles for the global South : the case of South Africa

- Duncan, Jane

  • Authors: Duncan, Jane
  • Date: 2015-04-16
  • Subjects: Communication rights , Convergence , ICT policy
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:5577 , ISSN 02500167 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14230
  • Description: This article builds on the work of Robin Mansell and civil society inputs to the World Summit on the Information Society, to propose a set of first principles for ICT policy making for the global South. It draws on the case of South Africa, which has experienced a troubled path towards convergence of its media and telecommunications sectors into one ICT sector. Shying away from the realities of convergence will not help countries in the global South, such as South Africa, to confront challenges of ICT adoption and usage, such as the very real and present danger of ICTs reproducing or even reinforcing existing informational and communications inequalities. In fact, this article argues that policy is needed to ensure that the benefits of ICTs are generalised across society. However, in the absence of radical approaches to ICT policy-making, these developments risk becoming under-regulated or even unregulated, leaving them to the vagaries of the market. If policies are developed, they may be laundered from other contexts that do not speak to the informational and communications challenges of countries like South Africa...
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