Chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in biogas purification
- Maile, O. I., Muzenda, E., Tesfagiorgis, H.
- Authors: Maile, O. I. , Muzenda, E. , Tesfagiorgis, H.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Carbon dioxide - Absorption and adsorption , Biogas - Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/223290 , uj:22451 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Muzenda, E. & Tesfagiorgis, H. 2017. Chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in biogas purification. International Conference on Sustainable Materials Processing and Manufacturing, SMPM 2017, 23-25 January 2017, Kruger National Park.
- Description: Abstract: Biogas is produced from anaerobic digestion of organic biodegradable materials. However, its application is limited as it contains impurities such as carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and other trace gases. Chemical absorption is capable of producing gas of high methane content above 95% and has no methane losses hence it’s widely used on large scale applications. Sodium hydroxide was used for cleaning the biogas in this study at a concentration of 1M, 2M, and 3M. The effect of concentration on absorption and CO2 removal efficiency was studied. It was observed that an increase in concentration lead to an increase in the absorption rate and the removal efficiency respectively. The highest removal efficiency was recorded to be 66%.
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- Authors: Maile, O. I. , Muzenda, E. , Tesfagiorgis, H.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Carbon dioxide - Absorption and adsorption , Biogas - Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/223290 , uj:22451 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Muzenda, E. & Tesfagiorgis, H. 2017. Chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in biogas purification. International Conference on Sustainable Materials Processing and Manufacturing, SMPM 2017, 23-25 January 2017, Kruger National Park.
- Description: Abstract: Biogas is produced from anaerobic digestion of organic biodegradable materials. However, its application is limited as it contains impurities such as carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and other trace gases. Chemical absorption is capable of producing gas of high methane content above 95% and has no methane losses hence it’s widely used on large scale applications. Sodium hydroxide was used for cleaning the biogas in this study at a concentration of 1M, 2M, and 3M. The effect of concentration on absorption and CO2 removal efficiency was studied. It was observed that an increase in concentration lead to an increase in the absorption rate and the removal efficiency respectively. The highest removal efficiency was recorded to be 66%.
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Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology
- Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H., Muzenda, E.
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123236 , uj:20767 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the by-products of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sebola, M.R. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Anaerobic digestion , Energy recovery , Waste disposal
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123236 , uj:20767 , Citation: Sebola, M.R., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2016. Economic evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology.
- Description: Abstract: This paper evaluates the viability of anaerobic digestion technology as a treatment process for organic waste with an intention of solving the landfill crisis as well as mitigation of greenhouse gases. The proposed technology consists of two digesters system using soaking as a pre-treatment method, and with recirculation of the process water and digested sludge. A financial model was developed to evaluate the economic feasibility of this technology as a renewable energy. Instead of the waste decomposing at local landfills, is converted into a source of energy while the by-products of the process are treated and used as fertilizers. This technology will require a capital investment of R 2, 2773,900 with a capacity to treat 730000 kg of waste annually. The annual production cost of R1, 269,138 was calculated. The proposed model has debt repayments of R 2,478,551. The total revenue from year 2 – 5 was R 2,360,800, R 2,930,158, R 3,457,314.6 and R 3,988,407.6, respectively. These AD facilities can produce up to 110960 kWh per annum of biogas fuel. The net present value of R3, 042,592, internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and (BCR) of 1.96 shows that the technology is economically feasible.
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Factors influencing chemical absorption of CO2 and H2S in biogas : a review
- Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H., Muzenda, E.
- Authors: Maile, O.I. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Absorption rate , Efficiency , Solvent
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/72927 , uj:18345 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2015. Factors influencing chemical absorption of CO2 and H2S in biogas : a review.
- Description: Abstract: Absorption is a process in which a substance (solute) is brought into contact with a solvent normally for a purpose of separation, which can be either physical or chemical. pH and concentration of the solvent, temperature of both the gas and the solvent, and absorbing surface area influence the absorption process. pH affect the absorption rate and if an acid or base is added into the system the absorption rate is lowered. Concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas stream and the loading rate influence the rate of absorption. MEA has an optimum absorption rate at liquid temperature of 35 °C. Ammonia has high removal efficiency at ambient temperature and there exists a direct relationship between absorption rate and temperature. Absorption of CO2 with sodium hydroxide is normally done at a temperature range of - 1-16 °C (30-60 °F). Calcium oxide requires high temperature for absorption ranging from 300-390 °C, while 22-80 °C is used for H2S absorption with K2CO3. A linear increase results from heating the CO2 gas stream prior to absorption. The rate of absorption is influenced by the contact area between the absorbing fluid and the gas.
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- Authors: Maile, O.I. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Absorption rate , Efficiency , Solvent
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/72927 , uj:18345 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2015. Factors influencing chemical absorption of CO2 and H2S in biogas : a review.
- Description: Abstract: Absorption is a process in which a substance (solute) is brought into contact with a solvent normally for a purpose of separation, which can be either physical or chemical. pH and concentration of the solvent, temperature of both the gas and the solvent, and absorbing surface area influence the absorption process. pH affect the absorption rate and if an acid or base is added into the system the absorption rate is lowered. Concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas stream and the loading rate influence the rate of absorption. MEA has an optimum absorption rate at liquid temperature of 35 °C. Ammonia has high removal efficiency at ambient temperature and there exists a direct relationship between absorption rate and temperature. Absorption of CO2 with sodium hydroxide is normally done at a temperature range of - 1-16 °C (30-60 °F). Calcium oxide requires high temperature for absorption ranging from 300-390 °C, while 22-80 °C is used for H2S absorption with K2CO3. A linear increase results from heating the CO2 gas stream prior to absorption. The rate of absorption is influenced by the contact area between the absorbing fluid and the gas.
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The potency of monoethanolamine in biogas purification and upgrading
- Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H., Muzenda, E.
- Authors: Maile, O.I. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Absorption rate , Concentration , Removal efficiency
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254356 , uj:26620 , DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2017.06.004 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2017. The potency of monoethanolamine in biogas purification and upgrading. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering 24 (2017) 122-127.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Maile, O.I. , Tesfagiorgis, H. , Muzenda, E.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Absorption rate , Concentration , Removal efficiency
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254356 , uj:26620 , DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2017.06.004 , Citation: Maile, O.I., Tesfagiorgis, H. & Muzenda, E. 2017. The potency of monoethanolamine in biogas purification and upgrading. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering 24 (2017) 122-127.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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