Total rewards : a study of artisan attraction and retention within a South African context
- Schlechter, Anton, Faught, Charl, Bussin, Mark
- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Faught, Charl , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Incentives in industry - South Africa , Employee retention , Employee competitive behavior - South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Articles
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226756 , uj:22935 , Citation: Schlechter, A., Faught, C. & Bussin, M. 2014. Total rewards : a study of artisan attraction and retention within a South African context. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(1):1-15. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.648. , ISSN: 2071-078X (online) , ISSN: 1683-7584 (print)
- Description: Abstract: The shortage of artisan skills remains a serious challenge in South Africa and is forcing employers to investigate which total reward factors contribute to the attraction and retention of this critical skills segment, as undifferentiated retention strategies are no longer useful or even appropriate. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to further develop understanding of the total reward factors and the ideal combination and relative amount of total rewards that attract and retain artisans, including artisans from various race groups and age cohorts, using a novel approach. Motivation for the study: Limited research is available on the total reward factors and the ideal combination and relative amount of total rewards that attract and retain artisans. Further knowledge in this area will allow organisations to develop reward models that better attract and retain artisans. Method: The study followed both a quantitative and qualitative research approach, whilst adopting a descriptive research design. Using this mixed method, primary data were collected from individuals by means of two focus groups discussions: (1) a group of human resource and remuneration managers (n = 4) and (2) a group of artisans (n = 7). These results were used to develop two questionnaires that were distributed to artisans (n = 143). Data from Questionnaire 1 were analysed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. Conjoint analysis was employed to identify an ideal total rewards composition based on responses from Questionnaire 2...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Faught, Charl , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Incentives in industry - South Africa , Employee retention , Employee competitive behavior - South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Articles
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226756 , uj:22935 , Citation: Schlechter, A., Faught, C. & Bussin, M. 2014. Total rewards : a study of artisan attraction and retention within a South African context. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(1):1-15. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.648. , ISSN: 2071-078X (online) , ISSN: 1683-7584 (print)
- Description: Abstract: The shortage of artisan skills remains a serious challenge in South Africa and is forcing employers to investigate which total reward factors contribute to the attraction and retention of this critical skills segment, as undifferentiated retention strategies are no longer useful or even appropriate. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to further develop understanding of the total reward factors and the ideal combination and relative amount of total rewards that attract and retain artisans, including artisans from various race groups and age cohorts, using a novel approach. Motivation for the study: Limited research is available on the total reward factors and the ideal combination and relative amount of total rewards that attract and retain artisans. Further knowledge in this area will allow organisations to develop reward models that better attract and retain artisans. Method: The study followed both a quantitative and qualitative research approach, whilst adopting a descriptive research design. Using this mixed method, primary data were collected from individuals by means of two focus groups discussions: (1) a group of human resource and remuneration managers (n = 4) and (2) a group of artisans (n = 7). These results were used to develop two questionnaires that were distributed to artisans (n = 143). Data from Questionnaire 1 were analysed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. Conjoint analysis was employed to identify an ideal total rewards composition based on responses from Questionnaire 2...
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Understanding talent attraction : the influence of financial rewards elements on perceived job attractiveness
- Schlechter, Anton, Hung, Angel, Bussin, Mark
- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Hung, Angel , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Employee retention , Incentive awards , Employee motivation , Employee competitive behaviour
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226763 , uj:22936 , Citation: Schlechter, A., Hung, A. & Bussin, M. 2014. Understanding talent attraction : the influence of financial rewards elements on perceived job attractiveness. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(1):1-13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.647. , ISSN: 2071-078X (online) , ISSN: 1683-7584 (print)
- Description: Abstract: In order to attract knowledge workers and maintain a competitive advantage, it is necessary for organisations to understand how knowledge workers are attracted to different types and levels of financial rewards. Research purpose: This research investigated a set of financial reward elements (remuneration, employee benefits and variable pay) to determine whether knowledge workers perceived them as attractive inducements when considering a job or position. Motivation for the study: In South Africa there is a shortage of talent, largely due to high rates of emigration of scarce skills (human capital). Financial rewards or inducements are necessary to attract talent and it is essential to assess which of these rewards are most successful in this regard. Method: A 23 full-factorial experimental design (field experiment) was used. The three financial reward elements (remuneration, employee benefits and variable pay) were manipulated in a fictitious job advertisement (each at two levels). Eight (2 × 2 × 2 = 8) different versions of a job advertisement were used as a stimulus to determine the effect of financial reward elements on perceived job attractiveness. A questionnaire was used to measure how participants perceived the attractiveness of the job. A convenience sampling approach was used. Different organisations throughout South Africa, as well as corporate members of the South African Reward Association, were asked to participate in the study. Respondents (n = 169) were randomly assigned to the various experimental conditions (i.e. one of the eight advertisements). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. A full-factorial analysis of variance was used to investigate if significant main effects could be found...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Hung, Angel , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Employee retention , Incentive awards , Employee motivation , Employee competitive behaviour
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226763 , uj:22936 , Citation: Schlechter, A., Hung, A. & Bussin, M. 2014. Understanding talent attraction : the influence of financial rewards elements on perceived job attractiveness. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(1):1-13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.647. , ISSN: 2071-078X (online) , ISSN: 1683-7584 (print)
- Description: Abstract: In order to attract knowledge workers and maintain a competitive advantage, it is necessary for organisations to understand how knowledge workers are attracted to different types and levels of financial rewards. Research purpose: This research investigated a set of financial reward elements (remuneration, employee benefits and variable pay) to determine whether knowledge workers perceived them as attractive inducements when considering a job or position. Motivation for the study: In South Africa there is a shortage of talent, largely due to high rates of emigration of scarce skills (human capital). Financial rewards or inducements are necessary to attract talent and it is essential to assess which of these rewards are most successful in this regard. Method: A 23 full-factorial experimental design (field experiment) was used. The three financial reward elements (remuneration, employee benefits and variable pay) were manipulated in a fictitious job advertisement (each at two levels). Eight (2 × 2 × 2 = 8) different versions of a job advertisement were used as a stimulus to determine the effect of financial reward elements on perceived job attractiveness. A questionnaire was used to measure how participants perceived the attractiveness of the job. A convenience sampling approach was used. Different organisations throughout South Africa, as well as corporate members of the South African Reward Association, were asked to participate in the study. Respondents (n = 169) were randomly assigned to the various experimental conditions (i.e. one of the eight advertisements). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. A full-factorial analysis of variance was used to investigate if significant main effects could be found...
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Attractiveness of non-financial rewards for prospective knowledge workers : an experimental investigation
- Schlechter, Anton, Thompson, Nicola Claire, Bussin, Mark
- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Thompson, Nicola Claire , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Non-financial rewards , Knowledge workers , Job attraction
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5517 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13790
- Description: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the presence of non-financial rewards (specifically work-life balance, learning, and career advancement) were able to influence the perceived attractiveness of a job offering. A secondary objective was to establish if there were demographic differences, specifically, gender, race, and age differences in the manner in which these non-financial rewards influenced the perceived attractiveness of a job offer. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research approach was followed and a 23 full-factorial experimental design utilised. Data were collected with two questionnaires via convenience (non-probability) sampling. The first job attraction questionnaire assessed the perceived level of attractiveness to one of eight randomly assigned experimental conditions (stimuli) that were expressed as eight fictitious job advertisements. Employees who responded were from various industries (n=180). The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and a full-factorial ANOVA. A second questionnaire was used to assess the perceived attractiveness of various elements of a typical total rewards package. The validity and reliability of the second questionnaire was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis utilising the Principal Axis Factoring extraction method, employing a Direct Oblimin (i.e. Oblique) rotation, and calculating Cronbach α coefficients, respectively. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the composite factors or reward elements. Findings – The non-financial reward elements (work-life balance, learning, and career advancement) were found to have statistically significant main effects on employees’ perceived attractiveness of a job offering. Gender was further found to also have a significant main effect, indicating that the presence of non-financial rewards was more attractive in job offerings for women than for men. Research limitations/implications – The sample group was obtained by means of convenience sampling and may not have been adequately representative of the target population. Practical implications – Organisations may benefit from these results by implementing and/or emphasising non-financial rewards as part of a total rewards package when they attempt to attract or recruit potential employees. Organisations that seek to attract a higher number of female employees may benefit from the results by incorporating or further emphasising non-financial rewards as part of a targeted job offer. Originality/value – Substantial research exists that has identified reward elements that are effective in attraction strategies, but the authors are unaware of any literature where use was made of an experimental design to empirically show that non-financial rewards effect/influence perceived job attractiveness. The current study succeeded in identifying that the presence of non-financial rewards, as part of a job advertisement led to significantly higher levels of job attractiveness in prospective employees. Also, that there are gender differences in the extent to which the presence of non-financial rewards effect perceived attractiveness of a job offer.
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- Authors: Schlechter, Anton , Thompson, Nicola Claire , Bussin, Mark
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Non-financial rewards , Knowledge workers , Job attraction
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5517 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13790
- Description: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the presence of non-financial rewards (specifically work-life balance, learning, and career advancement) were able to influence the perceived attractiveness of a job offering. A secondary objective was to establish if there were demographic differences, specifically, gender, race, and age differences in the manner in which these non-financial rewards influenced the perceived attractiveness of a job offer. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research approach was followed and a 23 full-factorial experimental design utilised. Data were collected with two questionnaires via convenience (non-probability) sampling. The first job attraction questionnaire assessed the perceived level of attractiveness to one of eight randomly assigned experimental conditions (stimuli) that were expressed as eight fictitious job advertisements. Employees who responded were from various industries (n=180). The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and a full-factorial ANOVA. A second questionnaire was used to assess the perceived attractiveness of various elements of a typical total rewards package. The validity and reliability of the second questionnaire was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis utilising the Principal Axis Factoring extraction method, employing a Direct Oblimin (i.e. Oblique) rotation, and calculating Cronbach α coefficients, respectively. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the composite factors or reward elements. Findings – The non-financial reward elements (work-life balance, learning, and career advancement) were found to have statistically significant main effects on employees’ perceived attractiveness of a job offering. Gender was further found to also have a significant main effect, indicating that the presence of non-financial rewards was more attractive in job offerings for women than for men. Research limitations/implications – The sample group was obtained by means of convenience sampling and may not have been adequately representative of the target population. Practical implications – Organisations may benefit from these results by implementing and/or emphasising non-financial rewards as part of a total rewards package when they attempt to attract or recruit potential employees. Organisations that seek to attract a higher number of female employees may benefit from the results by incorporating or further emphasising non-financial rewards as part of a targeted job offer. Originality/value – Substantial research exists that has identified reward elements that are effective in attraction strategies, but the authors are unaware of any literature where use was made of an experimental design to empirically show that non-financial rewards effect/influence perceived job attractiveness. The current study succeeded in identifying that the presence of non-financial rewards, as part of a job advertisement led to significantly higher levels of job attractiveness in prospective employees. Also, that there are gender differences in the extent to which the presence of non-financial rewards effect perceived attractiveness of a job offer.
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