Feminization of Poverty, Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable livelihoods : Voices of Social Work Students in South Africa
- Raniga, Tanusha, Ringson, John
- Authors: Raniga, Tanusha , Ringson, John
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Feminization of poverty , Social entrepreneurship , Women
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/493149 , uj:45066 , Citation: Raniga, T. and Ringson, J., 2021. Feminization of poverty, social entrepreneurship and sustainable livelihoods: Voices of social work students in South Africa. African Journal of Social Work, 11(6), pp.334-344. , ISSN: 2409-5605
- Description: Abstract: Social entrepreneurship projects have been recognized as a major source of supplementing income and reducing poverty in female-headed households in contemporary South Africa. The number of women engaged in social entrepreneurship has increased in the past decade because of access to business training and mentorship facilitated through women-led business forums. Considering that social work students are expected to help poor women break the cycle of poverty and meet their economic goals, this paper is an attempt to advance empirical evidence in the field of social development and feminization of poverty. Using qualitative methodology, we present evidence from 120 social work students who were involved in policy analysis and evaluation of women-led entrepreneurship projects in the province of Gauteng, South Africa. Underscored by the sustainable livelihood approach, this paper deliberates four themes which distilled from the data: establishment of multi-stakeholder networks, tapping on infrastructure to produce goods, paying it forward and enhancing skills development. The paper calls for social workers to adopt a sustainable livelihood approach in practice as it presents a positive social development strategy that can assist poor women to work towards economic self-reliance.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Raniga, Tanusha , Ringson, John
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Feminization of poverty , Social entrepreneurship , Women
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/493149 , uj:45066 , Citation: Raniga, T. and Ringson, J., 2021. Feminization of poverty, social entrepreneurship and sustainable livelihoods: Voices of social work students in South Africa. African Journal of Social Work, 11(6), pp.334-344. , ISSN: 2409-5605
- Description: Abstract: Social entrepreneurship projects have been recognized as a major source of supplementing income and reducing poverty in female-headed households in contemporary South Africa. The number of women engaged in social entrepreneurship has increased in the past decade because of access to business training and mentorship facilitated through women-led business forums. Considering that social work students are expected to help poor women break the cycle of poverty and meet their economic goals, this paper is an attempt to advance empirical evidence in the field of social development and feminization of poverty. Using qualitative methodology, we present evidence from 120 social work students who were involved in policy analysis and evaluation of women-led entrepreneurship projects in the province of Gauteng, South Africa. Underscored by the sustainable livelihood approach, this paper deliberates four themes which distilled from the data: establishment of multi-stakeholder networks, tapping on infrastructure to produce goods, paying it forward and enhancing skills development. The paper calls for social workers to adopt a sustainable livelihood approach in practice as it presents a positive social development strategy that can assist poor women to work towards economic self-reliance.
- Full Text: false
Misconceptions associated with children living with albinism : evidence from Gutu District, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Stigma , Albinism , Protection
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291277 , uj:31628 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2018. Misconceptions associated with children living with albinism : evidence from Gutu District, Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Misconceptions surrounding the genetic condition of albinism persist in many parts of sub- Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe. Studies on albinism have been carried out in different contexts around the globe, but little is known so far about the effects of the misconceptions of albinism in the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This study examines the effects of the misconceptions of albinism in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. Twenty-five participants were interviewed, namely care-givers and children living with albinism in Gutu District. In-depth interviews were used to gather data concerning their experiences of the misconceptions associated with albinism, the ways these misconceptions have affected them and the ways in which they attempt to mitigate these effects. Results of the study show that, although there are initiatives and programmes advocated by various stakeholders for children living with albinism, the misconceptions are still escalating. Furthermore, the study reveals stigma and discrimination as the major effects of the misconceptions in the lives of children living with albinism. In conclusion, the study recommends the establishment of a community-based protection model for people living with albinism, which integrates all stakeholders involved in mitigating the challenges that emerge from the misconceptions of albinism in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
Misconceptions associated with children living with albinism : evidence from Gutu District, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Stigma , Albinism , Protection
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291277 , uj:31628 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2018. Misconceptions associated with children living with albinism : evidence from Gutu District, Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Misconceptions surrounding the genetic condition of albinism persist in many parts of sub- Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe. Studies on albinism have been carried out in different contexts around the globe, but little is known so far about the effects of the misconceptions of albinism in the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This study examines the effects of the misconceptions of albinism in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. Twenty-five participants were interviewed, namely care-givers and children living with albinism in Gutu District. In-depth interviews were used to gather data concerning their experiences of the misconceptions associated with albinism, the ways these misconceptions have affected them and the ways in which they attempt to mitigate these effects. Results of the study show that, although there are initiatives and programmes advocated by various stakeholders for children living with albinism, the misconceptions are still escalating. Furthermore, the study reveals stigma and discrimination as the major effects of the misconceptions in the lives of children living with albinism. In conclusion, the study recommends the establishment of a community-based protection model for people living with albinism, which integrates all stakeholders involved in mitigating the challenges that emerge from the misconceptions of albinism in Zimbabwe.
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The impact of inheritance experiences in orphans and vulnerable children support in Zimbabwe : a caregivers' perspective
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Caregivers , Orphans and vulnerable children , Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403750 , uj:33845 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2019. The impact of inheritance experiences in orphans and vulnerable children support in Zimbabwe : a caregivers' perspective.
- Description: Abstract: Despite the predominant contemporary and traditional coping strategies adopted in Zimbabwe in the past three decades and beyond, the inheritance issues unabatedly continued to affect the livelihood of both the care-givers and orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). This article is a qualitative phenomenological study seeking to examine the perceptions, views and feelings of the care-givers and OVC on their lived experiences in OVC care and support in Zimbabwe. The study focusses on the care-givers’ perspectives in the impact of the inheritance experiences in OVC care and support within their tribal local rural communities. In-depth narrative interviews were conducted with 30 caregivers corroborated with 10 OVC purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results showed that whilst the care-givers are doing their best in executing their strategies for OVC care and support, the manipulation and misappropriation of the deceased’s inheritance that were meant to benefit the OVCs is still rampant in the rural communities of Zimbabwe. In conclusion, the study recommended the need for an integrated stakeholders’ approach in educating the local rural communities about their inheritance rights.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Caregivers , Orphans and vulnerable children , Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403750 , uj:33845 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2019. The impact of inheritance experiences in orphans and vulnerable children support in Zimbabwe : a caregivers' perspective.
- Description: Abstract: Despite the predominant contemporary and traditional coping strategies adopted in Zimbabwe in the past three decades and beyond, the inheritance issues unabatedly continued to affect the livelihood of both the care-givers and orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). This article is a qualitative phenomenological study seeking to examine the perceptions, views and feelings of the care-givers and OVC on their lived experiences in OVC care and support in Zimbabwe. The study focusses on the care-givers’ perspectives in the impact of the inheritance experiences in OVC care and support within their tribal local rural communities. In-depth narrative interviews were conducted with 30 caregivers corroborated with 10 OVC purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results showed that whilst the care-givers are doing their best in executing their strategies for OVC care and support, the manipulation and misappropriation of the deceased’s inheritance that were meant to benefit the OVCs is still rampant in the rural communities of Zimbabwe. In conclusion, the study recommended the need for an integrated stakeholders’ approach in educating the local rural communities about their inheritance rights.
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The impact of child rights cultural contestation in Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) support in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Children’s Rights , Cultural Contestation , Orphans and Vulnerable Children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404711 , uj:33953 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2019. The impact of child rights cultural contestation in Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) support in Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Much has been written about children’s rights cultural contestation around the world and in Zimbabwe in particular but little is known about its impact in the support of OVC (Orphans and Vulnerable Children) within the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This phenomenological qualitative study seeks to examine the impact of child rights cultural contestation in supporting OVC in Zimbabwe. The study focuses on the lived experiences, perceptions, feelings and views of OVC and care-givers in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. Data were collected through indepth narrative interviews conducted with 40 participants which include both caregivers and OVCs purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results revealed that even though the children’s rights have been widely publicised and implemented through various channels, the local rural communities are still espousing their cultural oriented ways of child upbringing which interferes with children’s rights as disseminated by United Nations Declaration for Children’s Rights (UNDCR). The study proposed the establishment of an integrated stakeholders' approach to the rural people about the essence of the children’s rights. In such instances, the children’s right is rendered more effective and is better entrenched when it is channelled through the traditional ways of child upbringing.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Children’s Rights , Cultural Contestation , Orphans and Vulnerable Children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404711 , uj:33953 , Citation: Ringson, J. 2019. The impact of child rights cultural contestation in Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) support in Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Much has been written about children’s rights cultural contestation around the world and in Zimbabwe in particular but little is known about its impact in the support of OVC (Orphans and Vulnerable Children) within the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This phenomenological qualitative study seeks to examine the impact of child rights cultural contestation in supporting OVC in Zimbabwe. The study focuses on the lived experiences, perceptions, feelings and views of OVC and care-givers in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. Data were collected through indepth narrative interviews conducted with 40 participants which include both caregivers and OVCs purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results revealed that even though the children’s rights have been widely publicised and implemented through various channels, the local rural communities are still espousing their cultural oriented ways of child upbringing which interferes with children’s rights as disseminated by United Nations Declaration for Children’s Rights (UNDCR). The study proposed the establishment of an integrated stakeholders' approach to the rural people about the essence of the children’s rights. In such instances, the children’s right is rendered more effective and is better entrenched when it is channelled through the traditional ways of child upbringing.
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The role of traditional leadership in supporting orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe: African traditional leadership perspective
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Traditional leadership , Phenomenological , Orphans and vulnerable children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432831 , uj:37402 , Ringson, J. (2020). The role of traditional leadership in supporting orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe: African traditional leadership perspective. Social Work / Maatskaplike Werk, 56(2), 208-220. https://doi.org/10.15270/52-2-821
- Description: Abstract: , The experiences of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Zimbabwe finds expression in the maxim that says ‘Where two elephants fight, the grass suffers the most’. Orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe have been the casualties of disharmony between traditional and contemporary leadership philosophies for more than three decades. Using a phenomenological approach, the study involved 20 key informants, who included community leaders and OVC caregivers. Underpinned by the traditional leadership perspectives, the study examined the role of traditional leaders in supporting OVC for the purposes of integrating its relevant compatible elements with modern OVC care and support systems. The study showed that there is lack of synchronicity between traditional and contemporary OVC care and support systems, which ultimately compromises the effectiveness of the social care professions in rural communities in Zimbabwe. The study recommends the establishment of an integrated contextuallybased OVC care and support model to enhance the relationship between traditional and contemporary leadership in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Traditional leadership , Phenomenological , Orphans and vulnerable children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432831 , uj:37402 , Ringson, J. (2020). The role of traditional leadership in supporting orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe: African traditional leadership perspective. Social Work / Maatskaplike Werk, 56(2), 208-220. https://doi.org/10.15270/52-2-821
- Description: Abstract: , The experiences of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Zimbabwe finds expression in the maxim that says ‘Where two elephants fight, the grass suffers the most’. Orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe have been the casualties of disharmony between traditional and contemporary leadership philosophies for more than three decades. Using a phenomenological approach, the study involved 20 key informants, who included community leaders and OVC caregivers. Underpinned by the traditional leadership perspectives, the study examined the role of traditional leaders in supporting OVC for the purposes of integrating its relevant compatible elements with modern OVC care and support systems. The study showed that there is lack of synchronicity between traditional and contemporary OVC care and support systems, which ultimately compromises the effectiveness of the social care professions in rural communities in Zimbabwe. The study recommends the establishment of an integrated contextuallybased OVC care and support model to enhance the relationship between traditional and contemporary leadership in Zimbabwe.
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Ritual, myth and transnational giving within the Zimbabwe Assemblies of God Africa in Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Ringson, John, Chereni, Admire
- Authors: Ringson, John , Chereni, Admire
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Ritual , Myths , Transnational
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432815 , uj:37400 , Ringson, J., Chereni, A. 2020: Ritual, myth and transnational giving within the Zimbabwe Assemblies of God Africa in Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: , This article interrogates how rituals and myths may reshape Pentecostal ideology and practice in ways that resonate with the practical concerns of born-again congregants in an exclusive foreign labour market. It draws on a series of field observations conducted in Johannesburg, at two congregations of the Zimbabwe Assemblies of God Africa (ZAOGA) – a born-again movement with roots in Zimbabwe – between 2009 and 2016. The authors critically examine the shifting architecture of the ritual of Working Talents and its contradictory use of myths. The authors consider the intended consequences of both the ritual of Working Talents and often contradictory myths used to bolster it, for the transnational growth of the church and its involvement in the development of the nation. A phenomenological observation qualitative research was utilised to establish the experiences, feelings and behaviours of the ZAOGA congregants regarding the gospel of Working Talents at two of their assemblies in Johannesburg. A key finding was that Working Talents contains ethical action and empowerment narratives, and it aspires to create Pentecostal congregants with collective cultural identities, disposed to give money to support the causes of the church. In doing so, myths and rituals have reshaped the ZAOGA Pentecostal ideology into a nuanced version of the Prosperity Gospel, one that emphasises notions of indigenisation, empowerment and self-propagation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John , Chereni, Admire
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Ritual , Myths , Transnational
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432815 , uj:37400 , Ringson, J., Chereni, A. 2020: Ritual, myth and transnational giving within the Zimbabwe Assemblies of God Africa in Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: , This article interrogates how rituals and myths may reshape Pentecostal ideology and practice in ways that resonate with the practical concerns of born-again congregants in an exclusive foreign labour market. It draws on a series of field observations conducted in Johannesburg, at two congregations of the Zimbabwe Assemblies of God Africa (ZAOGA) – a born-again movement with roots in Zimbabwe – between 2009 and 2016. The authors critically examine the shifting architecture of the ritual of Working Talents and its contradictory use of myths. The authors consider the intended consequences of both the ritual of Working Talents and often contradictory myths used to bolster it, for the transnational growth of the church and its involvement in the development of the nation. A phenomenological observation qualitative research was utilised to establish the experiences, feelings and behaviours of the ZAOGA congregants regarding the gospel of Working Talents at two of their assemblies in Johannesburg. A key finding was that Working Talents contains ethical action and empowerment narratives, and it aspires to create Pentecostal congregants with collective cultural identities, disposed to give money to support the causes of the church. In doing so, myths and rituals have reshaped the ZAOGA Pentecostal ideology into a nuanced version of the Prosperity Gospel, one that emphasises notions of indigenisation, empowerment and self-propagation.
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Efficacy of the extended family system in supporting orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe : an indigenous knowledge perspective
- Ringson, John, Chereni, Admire
- Authors: Ringson, John , Chereni, Admire
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Extended family , Indigenous knowledge , Ubuntu
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432807 , uj:37399
- Description: Abstract: , Notwithstanding the importance of the contemporary orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) care and support systems, the extended family system remains the most prominent and pivotal safety net for OVC within the rural tribal communities of Zimbabwe. This paper examines the efficacy of extended family system in OVC care and support in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. This a qualitative phenomenological study was used to gather data of the lived experiences and perceptions of the 10 caregivers of Batanai HIV/AIDS service organization support groups and 10 OVC purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The findings overwhelmingly reveal that the extended family in Zimbabwe is still compatible and predominantly utilized as the OVC safety net more than the residential or orphanage care system. The poor living conditions of OVC are being misrepresented as abuse and exploitation by the critics of extended family care and support system. The study concluded and recommended that the government and human rights organizations must desist from destructively criticises the caregivers within the extended family households based on the poor and unhygienic conditions of OVC. Instead, they should create a multi-stakeholder’s harmonious relationship to foster a sustainable OVC care and support in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John , Chereni, Admire
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Extended family , Indigenous knowledge , Ubuntu
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432807 , uj:37399
- Description: Abstract: , Notwithstanding the importance of the contemporary orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) care and support systems, the extended family system remains the most prominent and pivotal safety net for OVC within the rural tribal communities of Zimbabwe. This paper examines the efficacy of extended family system in OVC care and support in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. This a qualitative phenomenological study was used to gather data of the lived experiences and perceptions of the 10 caregivers of Batanai HIV/AIDS service organization support groups and 10 OVC purposively sampled in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The findings overwhelmingly reveal that the extended family in Zimbabwe is still compatible and predominantly utilized as the OVC safety net more than the residential or orphanage care system. The poor living conditions of OVC are being misrepresented as abuse and exploitation by the critics of extended family care and support system. The study concluded and recommended that the government and human rights organizations must desist from destructively criticises the caregivers within the extended family households based on the poor and unhygienic conditions of OVC. Instead, they should create a multi-stakeholder’s harmonious relationship to foster a sustainable OVC care and support in Zimbabwe.
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Basic education assistance module as a material and psychosocial support intervention for orphans and vulnerable children in Gutu District, Zimbabwe : an evaluation
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychosocial support , Orphans , Vulnerable children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432823 , uj:37401 , Ringson, J. (2020). Basic education assistance module as a material and psychosocial support intervention for orphans and vulnerable children in Gutu District, Zimbabwe. An evaluation New Ideas in Psychology, 59, 100803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2020.100803
- Description: Abstract: , Much has been written on the psychosocial support of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) around the world regarding their well-being. However, there is still a lack of information on the efficacy of the Basic Education Assistance Module (BEAM) both as material and a psychosocial support intervention for OVCs within the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This article is a qualitative phenomenological study seeking to examine the perceptions, views and feelings of the OVC, caregivers and community leaders on their experiences with BEAM as a material and psychosocial support intervention in Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 OVCs which consist of the primary and secondary school going children; 10 care-givers and 10 community leaders purposively selected in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results showed that whilst the BEAM has been applauded as an OVC psychosocial support intervention, its efficacy was marred by its failure to proportionately and holistically provide all the basic needs of the school-going OVCs within the rural communities. This study therefore recommends the establishment of the OVC stakeholders integrated support model, which is deeply entrenched in a holistic approach for the provision of the material and psychosocial support needs of the OVCs in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ringson, John
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychosocial support , Orphans , Vulnerable children
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432823 , uj:37401 , Ringson, J. (2020). Basic education assistance module as a material and psychosocial support intervention for orphans and vulnerable children in Gutu District, Zimbabwe. An evaluation New Ideas in Psychology, 59, 100803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2020.100803
- Description: Abstract: , Much has been written on the psychosocial support of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) around the world regarding their well-being. However, there is still a lack of information on the efficacy of the Basic Education Assistance Module (BEAM) both as material and a psychosocial support intervention for OVCs within the rural communities of Zimbabwe. This article is a qualitative phenomenological study seeking to examine the perceptions, views and feelings of the OVC, caregivers and community leaders on their experiences with BEAM as a material and psychosocial support intervention in Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 OVCs which consist of the primary and secondary school going children; 10 care-givers and 10 community leaders purposively selected in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. The results showed that whilst the BEAM has been applauded as an OVC psychosocial support intervention, its efficacy was marred by its failure to proportionately and holistically provide all the basic needs of the school-going OVCs within the rural communities. This study therefore recommends the establishment of the OVC stakeholders integrated support model, which is deeply entrenched in a holistic approach for the provision of the material and psychosocial support needs of the OVCs in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
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