A study protocol to determine the association between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour in young males in conflict with the law
- Mbonane, Thokozani P., Mathee, Angela, Swart, André, Naicker, Nisha
- Authors: Mbonane, Thokozani P. , Mathee, Angela , Swart, André , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Bone , Blood , Lifetime
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/395889 , uj:32847 , Citation: Mbonane, T.P. 2019. A study protocol to determine the association between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour in young males in conflict with the law.
- Description: Abstract: Background: Low-level lead exposure has harmful and persistent effects on behaviour. Recent studies have linked environmental lead exposure and the development of aggressive, violent and criminal behaviour. This protocol is designed to study an association between lifetime (bone) lead levels and violent criminal behaviour among young males in conflict with the law in Gauteng youth development centres. Methods: This paper describes a study to determine a link between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour. Lifetime lead exposure will be measured using bone lead measurement, while blood lead levels will be observed for current exposure. Thereafter, criminal records of participants will be reviewed whereas violent behaviour and risk factors will be observed using a questionnaire. The study focused on young males in conflict with the law in three centres within Gauteng Provence, South Africa. After stratifying the centres, we randomly selected participants. The researcher shall adhere to ethical requirements throughout the study. Data will be analysed for descriptive and inferential analysis using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Discussion: The study will provide a strong foundation for an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental contamination from lead exposure and aggression/violent criminal behaviour. Beyond the health sector, the study findings may be able to inform new approaches to crime prevention through environmental action with an emphasis on the role of non-health sectors.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mbonane, Thokozani P. , Mathee, Angela , Swart, André , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Bone , Blood , Lifetime
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/395889 , uj:32847 , Citation: Mbonane, T.P. 2019. A study protocol to determine the association between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour in young males in conflict with the law.
- Description: Abstract: Background: Low-level lead exposure has harmful and persistent effects on behaviour. Recent studies have linked environmental lead exposure and the development of aggressive, violent and criminal behaviour. This protocol is designed to study an association between lifetime (bone) lead levels and violent criminal behaviour among young males in conflict with the law in Gauteng youth development centres. Methods: This paper describes a study to determine a link between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour. Lifetime lead exposure will be measured using bone lead measurement, while blood lead levels will be observed for current exposure. Thereafter, criminal records of participants will be reviewed whereas violent behaviour and risk factors will be observed using a questionnaire. The study focused on young males in conflict with the law in three centres within Gauteng Provence, South Africa. After stratifying the centres, we randomly selected participants. The researcher shall adhere to ethical requirements throughout the study. Data will be analysed for descriptive and inferential analysis using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Discussion: The study will provide a strong foundation for an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental contamination from lead exposure and aggression/violent criminal behaviour. Beyond the health sector, the study findings may be able to inform new approaches to crime prevention through environmental action with an emphasis on the role of non-health sectors.
- Full Text:
Common mental health disorders among informal waste pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa 2018—a cross-sectional study
- Makhubele, Matimba, Ravhuhali, Khuliso, Kuonza, Lazarus, Mathee, Angela, Kgalamono, Spo, Made, Felix, Tlotleng, Nohlanhla, Kootbodien, Tahira, Ntlebi, Vusi, Wilson, Kerry, Naicker, Nisha
- Authors: Makhubele, Matimba , Ravhuhali, Khuliso , Kuonza, Lazarus , Mathee, Angela , Kgalamono, Spo , Made, Felix , Tlotleng, Nohlanhla , Kootbodien, Tahira , Ntlebi, Vusi , Wilson, Kerry , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Common mental disorders , Waste pickers , Landfill sites
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/395925 , uj:32851 , Citation: Makhubele, M. et al. 2019. Common mental health disorders among informal waste pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa 2018—a cross-sectional study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2618; doi:10.3390/ijerph16142618
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Makhubele, Matimba , Ravhuhali, Khuliso , Kuonza, Lazarus , Mathee, Angela , Kgalamono, Spo , Made, Felix , Tlotleng, Nohlanhla , Kootbodien, Tahira , Ntlebi, Vusi , Wilson, Kerry , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Common mental disorders , Waste pickers , Landfill sites
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/395925 , uj:32851 , Citation: Makhubele, M. et al. 2019. Common mental health disorders among informal waste pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa 2018—a cross-sectional study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2618; doi:10.3390/ijerph16142618
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
Effect of a simple intervention on hand hygiene related diseases in preschools in South Africa: research protocol for an intervention study
- Lange, Samantha Louise, Barnard, Tobias George, Naicker, Nisha
- Authors: Lange, Samantha Louise , Barnard, Tobias George , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405417 , uj:34043 , Citation: Lange S.L., Barnard T.G., Naicker N. 2019 : Effect of a simple intervention on hand hygiene related diseases in preschools in South Africa. research protocol for an intervention study. BMJ Open 2019;9:e030656. DOI:10.1136/ bmjopen-2019-030656.
- Description: Abstract : Introduction Hand hygiene (HH) related illnesses such as diarrhoea and respiratory diseases, contribute to the burden of disease and are included in the top five causes of mortality in children under 5 years in South Africa. Children attending preschools are more susceptible to these infections due to the higher number of children in preschools. HH interventions have shown to reduce HH-related diseases by improving HH practices. In South Africa, there are no documented HH interventions or studies in children under 5 years. The purpose of the study is to determine whether an HH intervention can reduce HH-related diseases among 4–5-year- old preschool children and to improve HH practices in these children, their caregivers and their parents...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Lange, Samantha Louise , Barnard, Tobias George , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405417 , uj:34043 , Citation: Lange S.L., Barnard T.G., Naicker N. 2019 : Effect of a simple intervention on hand hygiene related diseases in preschools in South Africa. research protocol for an intervention study. BMJ Open 2019;9:e030656. DOI:10.1136/ bmjopen-2019-030656.
- Description: Abstract : Introduction Hand hygiene (HH) related illnesses such as diarrhoea and respiratory diseases, contribute to the burden of disease and are included in the top five causes of mortality in children under 5 years in South Africa. Children attending preschools are more susceptible to these infections due to the higher number of children in preschools. HH interventions have shown to reduce HH-related diseases by improving HH practices. In South Africa, there are no documented HH interventions or studies in children under 5 years. The purpose of the study is to determine whether an HH intervention can reduce HH-related diseases among 4–5-year- old preschool children and to improve HH practices in these children, their caregivers and their parents...
- Full Text:
Environmental health practitioners potentially play a key role in helping communities adapt to climate change
- Shezi, Busisiwe, Mathee, Angela, Siziba, Wellington, Street, Renée A., Naicker, Nisha, Kunene, Zamantimande, Wright, Caradee Y.
- Authors: Shezi, Busisiwe , Mathee, Angela , Siziba, Wellington , Street, Renée A. , Naicker, Nisha , Kunene, Zamantimande , Wright, Caradee Y.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Climate change , Environmental health , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/397373 , uj:33026 , Citation: Shezi, B. et al. 2019. Environmental health practitioners potentially play a key role in helping communities adapt to climate change. BMC Public Health (2019) 19:54 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6378-5
- Description: Abstract: Background: Vulnerable population groups in South Africa, especially those living in poverty, young children, women, the elderly and people with pre-existing diseases, are susceptible to new or exacerbated health threats resulting from climate change. Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) can play an important role in helping communities adapt to climate change health impacts, however, effective coordination of this requires further understanding of their roles in implementing climate change-related adaptation actions in communities. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was undertaken at the January 2017 conference for EHPs hosted by the South African Institute of Environmental Health in Cape Town. All EHPs who attended the conference were invited to complete a study questionnaire that requested information on participant demographics, as well as climate change related-knowledge, practices and perceptions. Results: Majority of participating EHPs (n = 48; 72.8%) had received formal or informal training on climate change and health. Thirty-nine percent of EHPs indicated that they had a climate change and health-related committee / working group in their department, a policy or strategy (41.0%) and budget allocated for climate change and health-related work (51.5%). A total of 33.3% had participated in climate change-related projects. Majority (62.2%) of EHPs believed that they should play a supportive role in addressing climate change while 37.8% believed that EHPs should play a leading role. Conclusions: Recognising the need for raising awareness about climate change adaptation as well as implementing appropriate interventions to combat climate-related ill health effects, especially among vulnerable groups, EHPs are wellplaced to adopt significant roles in helping communities to adapt to climate change.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Shezi, Busisiwe , Mathee, Angela , Siziba, Wellington , Street, Renée A. , Naicker, Nisha , Kunene, Zamantimande , Wright, Caradee Y.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Climate change , Environmental health , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/397373 , uj:33026 , Citation: Shezi, B. et al. 2019. Environmental health practitioners potentially play a key role in helping communities adapt to climate change. BMC Public Health (2019) 19:54 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6378-5
- Description: Abstract: Background: Vulnerable population groups in South Africa, especially those living in poverty, young children, women, the elderly and people with pre-existing diseases, are susceptible to new or exacerbated health threats resulting from climate change. Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) can play an important role in helping communities adapt to climate change health impacts, however, effective coordination of this requires further understanding of their roles in implementing climate change-related adaptation actions in communities. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was undertaken at the January 2017 conference for EHPs hosted by the South African Institute of Environmental Health in Cape Town. All EHPs who attended the conference were invited to complete a study questionnaire that requested information on participant demographics, as well as climate change related-knowledge, practices and perceptions. Results: Majority of participating EHPs (n = 48; 72.8%) had received formal or informal training on climate change and health. Thirty-nine percent of EHPs indicated that they had a climate change and health-related committee / working group in their department, a policy or strategy (41.0%) and budget allocated for climate change and health-related work (51.5%). A total of 33.3% had participated in climate change-related projects. Majority (62.2%) of EHPs believed that they should play a supportive role in addressing climate change while 37.8% believed that EHPs should play a leading role. Conclusions: Recognising the need for raising awareness about climate change adaptation as well as implementing appropriate interventions to combat climate-related ill health effects, especially among vulnerable groups, EHPs are wellplaced to adopt significant roles in helping communities to adapt to climate change.
- Full Text:
Environmental silica dust exposure and pulmonary tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa
- Kootbodien, Tahira, Iyaloo, Samantha, Wilson, Kerry, Naicker, Nisha, Kgalamono, Spo, Haman, Tanya, Mathee, Angela, Rees, David
- Authors: Kootbodien, Tahira , Iyaloo, Samantha , Wilson, Kerry , Naicker, Nisha , Kgalamono, Spo , Haman, Tanya , Mathee, Angela , Rees, David
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Pulmonary tuberculosis , Occupational dust exposure , Silica
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/397414 , uj:33031 , Citation: Kootbodien, T. et al. Environmental silica dust exposure and pulmonary tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1867; doi:10.3390/ijerph16101867
- Description: Abstract: Background: Occupational crystalline silica dust exposure is associated with an elevated risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, there is less evidence for an association with environmental silica dust exposure. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 310 participants was conducted in an exposed community living within 2 km of gold mine tailings and an unexposed population residing more than 10 km from the nearest gold mine tailing. Chest radiographs (n = 178) were read for PTB, past or current, by three readers. Results: Past or current PTB was radiologically identified in 14.4% (95%CI 9.2–21.8) in the exposed and 7.5% (95%CI 2.8–18.7) in the unexposed groups. Multivariate logistic regression models suggested that PTB prevalence was independently associated with exposure to second-hand smoke (OR = 8.13, 95%CI 1.16–57.22), a lower body mass index (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80–0.98), previous diagnosis and treatment of PTB (OR = 8.98, 95%CI 1.98–40.34), and exposure to dust in the workplace from sand, construction, and/or mining industries (OR = 10.2, 95%CI 2.10–50.11). Conclusion: We found no association between PTB and environmental exposure to gold mine tailing dust. However, workplace silica dust exposure is a significant risk factor for PTB in South Africa, and PTB patients of working age should be screened for silica exposure.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kootbodien, Tahira , Iyaloo, Samantha , Wilson, Kerry , Naicker, Nisha , Kgalamono, Spo , Haman, Tanya , Mathee, Angela , Rees, David
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Pulmonary tuberculosis , Occupational dust exposure , Silica
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/397414 , uj:33031 , Citation: Kootbodien, T. et al. Environmental silica dust exposure and pulmonary tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1867; doi:10.3390/ijerph16101867
- Description: Abstract: Background: Occupational crystalline silica dust exposure is associated with an elevated risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, there is less evidence for an association with environmental silica dust exposure. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 310 participants was conducted in an exposed community living within 2 km of gold mine tailings and an unexposed population residing more than 10 km from the nearest gold mine tailing. Chest radiographs (n = 178) were read for PTB, past or current, by three readers. Results: Past or current PTB was radiologically identified in 14.4% (95%CI 9.2–21.8) in the exposed and 7.5% (95%CI 2.8–18.7) in the unexposed groups. Multivariate logistic regression models suggested that PTB prevalence was independently associated with exposure to second-hand smoke (OR = 8.13, 95%CI 1.16–57.22), a lower body mass index (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80–0.98), previous diagnosis and treatment of PTB (OR = 8.98, 95%CI 1.98–40.34), and exposure to dust in the workplace from sand, construction, and/or mining industries (OR = 10.2, 95%CI 2.10–50.11). Conclusion: We found no association between PTB and environmental exposure to gold mine tailing dust. However, workplace silica dust exposure is a significant risk factor for PTB in South Africa, and PTB patients of working age should be screened for silica exposure.
- Full Text:
Study protocol to examine the relationship between environmental exposure to lead and blood lead levels among children from day-care centres in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
- Cindi, Mbalenhle Desiree, Mbonane, Thokozani Patrick, Naicker, Nisha
- Authors: Cindi, Mbalenhle Desiree , Mbonane, Thokozani Patrick , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Blood lead levels , Short-term lead exposure , Environment
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415577 , uj:35119 , Citation: Cindi, M.D., Mbonane, T.P., Naicker, N. Study protocol to examine the relationship between environmental exposure to lead and blood lead levels among children from day-care centres in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. BMJ Open 2020;10:e036687. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2019-036687
- Description: Abstract: , Introduction Lead exposure is toxic to all humans and is very harmful to young children, especially 5-year-olds. Elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in children have been associated with their daily surrounding environment. This protocol seeks to evaluate the association between environmental lead exposure and BLLs among children in day-care centres, including household and other risk factors. Methods and analysis To achieve the objectives of the study, we adopted a cross-sectional analytical design. A portable X-ray fluorescence analyser was used for environmental sampling, and BLLs were determined using the LeadCare II machine among preschool children. Household and other risk factors were assessed using a questionnaire. Random sampling was employed to select day-care centres in the municipality and children in each day-care centre. Data will be analysed using SPSS V. 26. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval and permission were obtained prior to commencement of the study. The researcher intends to publish the results in peer-reviewed journals and also to present a paper at a scientific conference. The study will generate information on environmental lead exposure among vulnerable children (2–5 years), and it will promote public health action to prevent long-term exposure in day-care centres.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cindi, Mbalenhle Desiree , Mbonane, Thokozani Patrick , Naicker, Nisha
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Blood lead levels , Short-term lead exposure , Environment
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415577 , uj:35119 , Citation: Cindi, M.D., Mbonane, T.P., Naicker, N. Study protocol to examine the relationship between environmental exposure to lead and blood lead levels among children from day-care centres in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. BMJ Open 2020;10:e036687. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2019-036687
- Description: Abstract: , Introduction Lead exposure is toxic to all humans and is very harmful to young children, especially 5-year-olds. Elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in children have been associated with their daily surrounding environment. This protocol seeks to evaluate the association between environmental lead exposure and BLLs among children in day-care centres, including household and other risk factors. Methods and analysis To achieve the objectives of the study, we adopted a cross-sectional analytical design. A portable X-ray fluorescence analyser was used for environmental sampling, and BLLs were determined using the LeadCare II machine among preschool children. Household and other risk factors were assessed using a questionnaire. Random sampling was employed to select day-care centres in the municipality and children in each day-care centre. Data will be analysed using SPSS V. 26. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval and permission were obtained prior to commencement of the study. The researcher intends to publish the results in peer-reviewed journals and also to present a paper at a scientific conference. The study will generate information on environmental lead exposure among vulnerable children (2–5 years), and it will promote public health action to prevent long-term exposure in day-care centres.
- Full Text:
Workplace-based organizational interventions promoting mental health and happiness among healthcareworkers : a realist review
- Gray, Patricia, Senabe, Sipho, Naicker, Nisha, Kgalamono, Spo, Yassi, Annalee, Spiegel, Jerry M.
- Authors: Gray, Patricia , Senabe, Sipho , Naicker, Nisha , Kgalamono, Spo , Yassi, Annalee , Spiegel, Jerry M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mental health , Occupational mental health , Healthcare workers
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409634 , uj:34347 , Citation: Gray, P. et al. 2019. Workplace-based organizational interventions promoting mental health and happiness among healthcareworkers : a realist review.
- Description: Abstract:
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gray, Patricia , Senabe, Sipho , Naicker, Nisha , Kgalamono, Spo , Yassi, Annalee , Spiegel, Jerry M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mental health , Occupational mental health , Healthcare workers
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409634 , uj:34347 , Citation: Gray, P. et al. 2019. Workplace-based organizational interventions promoting mental health and happiness among healthcareworkers : a realist review.
- Description: Abstract:
- Full Text:
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »