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Health and safety (H&S) awareness and implementation in Botswana's construction industry

- Musonda, Innocent, Smallwood, J.

Client attitude to health and safety – a report on contractor’s perceptions

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo, Smallwood, John

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo , Smallwood, John
  • Date: 2009
  • Subjects: Attitude , Botswana , Client , Construction , Health and safety
  • Language: English
  • Type: Journal article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/32882 , uj:16232 , Citation: Musonda, I., Haupt, T., & Smallwood, J.J. (2009). Client attitude to health and safety – a report on contractor’s perceptions. Acta Structilia : journal for the physical and development science 16(2):65-85. ISSN 10230564
  • Description: Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present findings of a preliminary survey on Contractors’ perceptions of clients’ attitude relative to health and safety (H&S) implementation in Botswana’s construction industry and in a way that of the Southern Africa. A questionnaire survey was conducted on construction projects to establish clients’ attitude towards H&S. Interviews were also conducted with contractor’s representatives on selected construction sites in and around Gaborone, Botswana. Findings from the survey include: clients do not perceive H&S to be very important on construction projects, most clients do not address H&S adequately in contract documentation and H&S is rarely a major agenda item in progress meetings. Findings were also that clients are not fully committed to H&S implementation. The client sets the tone for H&S culture. Client attitude is therefore very important for H&S performance improvement as all stakeholders are compelled to act in line with the client’s values. The importance of the client to H&S performance improvement has been recognised by various researchers. The extent to which clients are involved in H&S implementation has however not been researched extensively especially in Southern Africa. This article therefore provides an insight into the clients’ attitude towards H&S and in a way explains the reason for the current state of H&S in Botswana’s construction industry.
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A Delphi study on the impact significance of clients and designers on health and safety (H&S) consideration throughout project lifecycle

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

An exploratory study on the impact significance of project stakeholders on construction project health and safety (H&S)

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

Conceptual model of client health and safety (H&S) culture

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo C.

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo C.
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: LIP+3C , Health and safety culture model
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:6080 , ISSN 978-0-86970-713-5 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10927
  • Description: Purpose: This paper presents a conceptual six factor client H&S culture model referred to as the LIP+3C. The factors leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence were theorised to explain the client H&S culture construct. The postulated model is based on theory obtained from literature as well as from a Delphi research. H&S culture has been recognised as the feasible way to improve H&S performance in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach: A Delphi study as well as a synthesis of literature was conducted and resulted in a theorised conceptual model. To validate the model, a questionnaire survey with a response of 281 was conducted. Findings from the questionnaire survey were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with EQS version 6.1 software. Findings: The six factor client H&S culture model was found to be well fitting to the sample data through the confirmatory factor analysis. Consequently client H&S culture findings were that client culture could be explained by the level of leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence. Research limitations/implications: The size of the sample may affect the generalisability the findings in view of the complexity of the model. Practical implications: The proposed model in this study makes it possible to determine and predict the client H&S culture. The indicator variables can be used as check items for performance measurement and thus operationalize the concept of H&S culture. Originality/value: Adopting the LIP+3C culture model composed of elements that can easily be implemented and understood will contribute to improving the current H&S status
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Conceptual model of H&S culture

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo C.

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo C.
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: Health and safety , Conceptual model , LIP+3C model
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference Paper
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/29990 , uj:15446 , 978-0-86970-713-5 , Musonda, I., Haupt, T.C. (2011). Conceptual model of client health and safety (H&S) culture. Proceedings of the 6th built environment conference , Johannesburg, South Africa, July 31st – August 2nd 2011, pp 156-166
  • Description: Purpose: This paper presents a conceptual six factor client H&S culture model referred to as the LIP+3C. The factors leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence were theorised to explain the client H&S culture construct. The postulated model is based on theory obtained from literature as well as from a Delphi research. H&S culture has been recognised as the feasible way to improve H&S performance in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach: A Delphi study as well as a synthesis of literature was conducted and resulted in a theorised conceptual model. To validate the model, a questionnaire survey with a response of 281 was conducted. Findings from the questionnaire survey were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with EQS version 6.1 software. Findings: The six factor client H&S culture model was found to be well fitting to the sample data through the confirmatory factor analysis. Consequently client H&S culture findings were that client culture could be explained by the level of leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence. Research limitations/implications: The size of the sample may affect the generalisability the findings in view of the complexity of the model. Practical implications: The proposed model in this study makes it possible to determine and predict the client H&S culture. The indicator variables can be used as check items for performance measurement and thus operationalize the concept of H&S culture. Originality/value: Adopting the LIP+3C culture model composed of elements that can easily be implemented and understood will contribute to improving the current H&S status
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Identifying factors of health and safety (H&S) culture for the construction industry

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo C.

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo C.
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: Health and safety , Construction industry , LIP+3C culture model
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/150621 , uj:1095
  • Description: Purpose: This paper presents a review of previous studies on the subject of H&S culture and outline key H&S culture factors that are necessary to make the concept useful in the construction industry. A conceptualised model LIP+3C is also presented as the outcome of the review Design/methodology/approach: Literature review focused on exploring the conceptual definitions of H&S culture was conducted. A matrix for the identified literature was developed to identify common H&S culture elements. Findings: It was revealed that there is still confusion and lack of consensus on the concept of H&S culture. However, the H&S culture elements of leadership, involvement, procedures, communication, competence and commitment dominate the literature. Research limitations/implications: Literature review was conducted on 15 published peer reviewed journal articles. The validation of the elements found in the study is currently under way although preliminary results confirm the findings. Practical implications: H&S culture has been identified as being of great importance to H&S performance improvement. Identifying culture elements that can easily be implemented and understood will contribute to improving the current H&S status. Originality/value: Adopting the LIP+3C culture model composed of elements that can easily be implemented and understood will contribute to improving the current H&S status
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Identifying factors of health and safety (H&S) culture for the construction industry

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo C.

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo C.
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: Health and safety culture model , Construction industry
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:6092 , ISBN 978-0-86970-713-5 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10955
  • Description: Construction H&S performance improvement has in recent years become a priority and thus has gained industry-wide attention (Cheung et al, 2004 and Hamalainen et al, 2009) because of the economic benefits, the need to improve construction industry image, the need for organisations to be socially responsible and the need for an improved general regard and respect for people working in the construction industry. In addition, the legislative pressure coupled with debate concerning the personal responsibility that senior managers should bear for their organisations on H&S failures (Fitzgerald, 2005) has contributed to most organisations to focus on H&S improvement. However improving H&S performance in the construction industry has also proved to be somewhat challenging partly due to the industryʼs complex nature. Despite this complexity of the industry, H&S performance improvement remains a crucial issue and its importance or need has been demonstrated in numerous studies (Smallman and John, 2001; Lee et al, 2006; ILO, 2003; and Hoonakker et al, 2005).
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Impact significance of construction clients on designers' and contractors' health and safety (H&S) culture - an exploratory Delphi study

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

Assuring health and safety (H&S) performance on construction projects - clients' role and influence

- Musonda, Innocent, Pretorius, Jan-Harm, Haupt, Conrad Theodore

Construction health and safety (H&S) performance improvement - a client-centred model

- Musonda, Innocent

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent
  • Date: 2012-10-16
  • Subjects: Construction industry - Safety measures , Building - Safety measures , User-centered system design
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:10395 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7853
  • Description: D.Phil. , Health and safety (H&S) is still a problem in the construction industry. Both locally in Southern Africa and internationally, the construction industry continues to lag behind other industries in terms of H&S performance. As a result, there has been a considerable amount of research and interest on H&S performance improvement. However, there seems to be little research of note focusing on the role and contribution of construction clients to H&S performance improvement. This research project investigated and modelled H&S performance on the role and contribution of clients to H&S. The primary aim of the research was to model how improved H&S performance could be achieved if clients and/or owners were involved. Literature was reviewed on the status of H&S performance in the construction industry, the significance of the industry and on the current trends in H&S performance improvement. Empirical data was collected through a Delphi study and through a field questionnaire survey. Analysis of results from the Delphi study was done with Microsoft Excel to output descriptive statistics. These descriptive statistics informed on whether the experts had reached consensus. Analysis of results from the field questionnaire was done with EQS version 6.1 and MPlus version 6.0. Both of these are structural equation modelling software. A conceptual client centred H&S performance improvement model was based on the theory developed from literature review findings and the Delphi study. The questionnaire survey was conducted for the purpose of validating the conceptual model. The questionnaire survey was conducted in Gaborone, Botswana and Johannesburg, South Africa. Respondents were asked to report on current construction projects that they were part of as a professional. Respondents were asked to indicate their assessment of client H&S culture, contractor, designer and project H&S performance. Results from the investigation pertained to three broad areas. The first results related to theory on H&S performance and performance improvement. Findings were that H&S performance improvement was unlikely if H&S culture was not improved. Further findings were that clients could provide the needed impetus to improve H&S performance.
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Contractors' perceptions of contractor development programmes in South Africa

- Dapaah, Ambrose D., Musonda, Innocent

Experience of using Delphi method in construction health and safety research

- Agumba, Justus, Musonda, Innocent

Improving health and safety culture - a guide for construction clients

- Musonda, Innocent, Pretorius, Jan-Harm, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

Investigating the role of the external environment to influence clients’ health and safety (H&S) performance in the construction industry

- Musonda, Innocent, Pretorius, Jan-Harm, Haupt, Theodore

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Pretorius, Jan-Harm , Haupt, Theodore
  • Date: 2013
  • Subjects: Construction industry - Health measures , Construction industry - Safety measures
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:4861 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12537
  • Description: Construction Clients have been identified in many studies to be of great importance to H&S performance in the construction industry. However their participation in H&S implementation remains below the expected and meaningful level. The situation in Southern Africa is not any different from the rest of the world. Therefore developing strategies that enhance clients’ H&S culture would ensure a gradual and sustained improvement of H&S in the construction industry. As a result it was imperative to investigate the feasibility of the postulation that the external environment has a positive influence on construction clients’ H&S culture and performance. The study, which was conducted in Botswana and South Africa, utilised the Delphi and structural equation modelling techniques in order to model and validate the said postulation. Findings from the Delphi study were that the external environment had a significant impact on client H&S performance. Further, clients were ‘very likely to’ implement H&S elements when influence from the external environment factors was evident. The validation from the structural equation modelling technique further indicated that the influence of the external environment on clients was statistically significant. Therefore this paper will report on findings from an investigation on the influence of the external environment on clients’ H&S performance. The study will highlight the point that environmental influence on clients is vital in order to achieve an improved H&S performance in the construction industry.
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A review of factors influencing construction workers’ nutritional uptake

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2014
  • Subjects: Construction workers - Nutrition
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:4889 , ISBN 978-0-86970-782-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12603
  • Description: Purpose: Nutrition is linked with construction worker health and safety (H&S) performance. Some accidents, injuries and in some cases, deaths on construction sites are direct or indirect results of physical and psychological distresses (chronic health conditions and mental instability) arising from poor nutrition of construction workers. This alarming situation could gravely affect construction workers, their families, the industry and the economy as a whole since health will be adversely affected, performance will be hindered, avoidable on-site exigencies, injuries and sometimes deaths will occur, resulting in lost working hours or days, lost wages, increased healthcare costs, and decline in productivity and Gross Domestic Product. This study therefore reviews the factors which influence the nutritional uptake amongst construction workers and possible interventions. Methods: This study is based on review of previous literature on the construction industry and its H&S performance, as well as factors influencing nutritional uptake and nutrition interventions in the construction industry. The literature review was based on both international and South African context. Findings: The study revealed that construction workers’ nutrition is influenced by personal factors and environmental factors. The study also established feasible nutrition interventions based on these factors. Nutrition promotion initiatives need to target the different influences on construction workers’ nutritional uptake. Value: The study highlights construction workers’ nutrition influencers and reveals feasible strategies to improve nutrition and thus safety performance on construction sites. Practical implications: Findings from this study will inform development and implementation of programmes and policies targeted towards nutritional uptake tailored for construction workers.
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Cost variance analysis of similar scope projects in an energy utility

- Ratsiku, Lufuno, Musonda, Innocent

Establishing nutritional intake and determinants of food choice amongst construction workers in Gauteng, South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

Identifying construction workers injury predictors : a thematic content analysis

- Agumba, Justus Ngala, Musonda, Innocent

Nutritional awareness in the construction industry

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2015
  • Subjects: Construction workers - Nutrition , Construction workers - Health and hygiene
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/55372 , uj:16285 , Citation: Okoro, C., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J. 2015. Nutritional awareness in the construction industry. Proceedings of the International Conference on Infrastructure Investments in Africa (DII-2015), September 16-18, Livingstone:383-390. , ISBN: 978-0-86970-787-6.
  • Description: Abstract: Nutrition is linked with construction worker health, wellbeing and productivity improvements. Unhealthy eating may result in reduced immunity, increased proneness to developing chronic diseases, reduced concentration and alertness and reduced productivity. Improving the nutrition of construction workers is therefore of paramount concern. Although it is generally acknowledged that improving nutrition requires an understanding of the factors which influence construction workers‟ food choices, it has also been shown that the first step in achieving healthy eating is through increasing nutritional awareness and knowledge which will help in inculcating positive nutritional behaviour. The present paper therefore aims to highlight the state of nutritional knowledge among construction workers and possible ways of increasing nutritional awareness. A review of literature related to nutritional knowledge of workers, as well as health, safety and productivity of construction workers, was conducted. Sources included web- based journal and conference articles, magazines and reports. The distillation of literature through thematic analysis revealed that construction workers are aware of the benefits of nutrition in improving their health, safety and productivity, albeit it is seldom reflected in the food choices they make. The study also established that nutrition education programmes which target specific audiences and go beyond disseminating information to creating an enabling environment, ultimately beget long-term positive nutritional behaviours. The study concludes that increasing awareness of the importance of nutrition education and similar interventions could primarily improve construction workers‟ nutrition and in turn, health, safety, wellbeing and productivity. It is recommended that construction stakeholders view nutrition education as an integral aspect of health and safety training on sites. It should be mandatory for companies to have nutrition training sessions for employees on a continuous basis.
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