A sustainability assessment of electricity supply systems
- Mulongo, Ndala Yves, Kholopane, Pule
- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Environmetal assessment , Economic assessment , Sustainability indicators
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/270450 , uj:28746 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2018. A sustainability assessment of electricity supply systems.
- Description: Abstract: One of the major concern striking the 21st century is the development of Sustainable Development (SD) whilst rising mankind welfare. Contemporary technology generally has controverting impacts over the concept of SD, as portrayed through the present power supply system. Low-priced, easily- available electrical energy is very important to various contemporary society ‘s most significant technologies and SD advances. Meanwhile, the immense mainstream of the global’ s electrical energy is produced by means of fossil fuels, which caused stern ecological burdens. Thus, any shift towards a sustainable, thriving future will necessitate resources of electrical energy, which can offer the benefits of current ‘s power production system whilst diminishing its harmful impacts. To achieve growing power supplies with negligible ecological effect, shift to the present electricity production practices are needed to take in augmented power efficiency as of fossil fuel burning technologies by introducing renewable energy sources into the market...
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- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Environmetal assessment , Economic assessment , Sustainability indicators
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/270450 , uj:28746 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2018. A sustainability assessment of electricity supply systems.
- Description: Abstract: One of the major concern striking the 21st century is the development of Sustainable Development (SD) whilst rising mankind welfare. Contemporary technology generally has controverting impacts over the concept of SD, as portrayed through the present power supply system. Low-priced, easily- available electrical energy is very important to various contemporary society ‘s most significant technologies and SD advances. Meanwhile, the immense mainstream of the global’ s electrical energy is produced by means of fossil fuels, which caused stern ecological burdens. Thus, any shift towards a sustainable, thriving future will necessitate resources of electrical energy, which can offer the benefits of current ‘s power production system whilst diminishing its harmful impacts. To achieve growing power supplies with negligible ecological effect, shift to the present electricity production practices are needed to take in augmented power efficiency as of fossil fuel burning technologies by introducing renewable energy sources into the market...
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An economic competitiveness analysis of power generation plants
- Mulongo, Ndala Yves, Kholopane, Pule
- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Levelised cost of electricity , Levelised avoided cost of electricity , Electricity generating sources
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/270449 , uj:28747 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2018. An economic competitiveness analysis of power generation plants.
- Description: Abstract: Due to the fast growth of renewable energy resources, the analysis and comparison of costs associated with different forms of electricity generating sources are crucial for decision policy makers and investors. To this end, the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) is a widely tool employed to assess the economic viability of a power plant, however the issue with this tool is that it does not considers all the complexities involved. Thus, the Levelized Avoided Cost of Electricity (LACE) has been introduced to cover the elements ignored by LCOE, which are becoming critical to business decision. Despite the development of LACE, various studies continue using LCOE to evaluate the economic competitiveness of various power plants, especially in South Africa. To this end, this paper used both LCOE and LACE tools assess and compare the economic viability of 10 technologies which are: coal, gas, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind offshore, wind onshore, solar photovoltaic, concentrated solar power. The results indicate that of all technologies, geothermal ranks at the first place as the most economic competitive alternative, followed by coal technology. Furthermore, the results illustrate that the worse technologies in terms of economic viability are solar photovoltaic, concentrated solar power, and wind. As far as the authors are aware this study is the first example in the context of the South African energy sector.
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- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Levelised cost of electricity , Levelised avoided cost of electricity , Electricity generating sources
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/270449 , uj:28747 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2018. An economic competitiveness analysis of power generation plants.
- Description: Abstract: Due to the fast growth of renewable energy resources, the analysis and comparison of costs associated with different forms of electricity generating sources are crucial for decision policy makers and investors. To this end, the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) is a widely tool employed to assess the economic viability of a power plant, however the issue with this tool is that it does not considers all the complexities involved. Thus, the Levelized Avoided Cost of Electricity (LACE) has been introduced to cover the elements ignored by LCOE, which are becoming critical to business decision. Despite the development of LACE, various studies continue using LCOE to evaluate the economic competitiveness of various power plants, especially in South Africa. To this end, this paper used both LCOE and LACE tools assess and compare the economic viability of 10 technologies which are: coal, gas, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind offshore, wind onshore, solar photovoltaic, concentrated solar power. The results indicate that of all technologies, geothermal ranks at the first place as the most economic competitive alternative, followed by coal technology. Furthermore, the results illustrate that the worse technologies in terms of economic viability are solar photovoltaic, concentrated solar power, and wind. As far as the authors are aware this study is the first example in the context of the South African energy sector.
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Cost analysis : power generation plants versus demand side management programmes
- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Electric power-plants - South Africa - Costs , Electric power-plants - South Africa - Management , Electric power-plants - South Africa - Equipment and supplies , Eskom (Firm)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/213026 , uj:21068
- Description: Abstract: Over the last decade, South Africa has been experiencing an electricity supply crisis. This power crisis has been threatening the stability of the national power grid. The crisis was caused by insufficient generation capacity as well as an increased demand for electricity. In order to counteract this situation, the state owned electricity utility, Eskom decided to increase its power capacity by building new power plants, and implementing demand side management (DSM) initiatives to save energy. All of this came at a cost. Therefore, the present study was aimed at helping decision makers in the South African electricity sector to decide on the optimum funding allocation for the above projects. The research methodology adopted in this study was cost analysis. Three levels of cost comparison were developed in this study. These were based on power generating technologies (coal, gas, nuclear, wind, concentrated solar power, and solar photovoltaic), and on DSM programmes (residential mass rollouts, standard offer programme, standard product programme, performance contracting programme, and energy services companies model mass rollouts). The first level analysed the costs of building power plants as well as costs of producing electricity using different power generating technologies. The second level analysed the costs of implementing DSM programmes as well as costs of saving energy by implementing DSM programmes. Lastly, the third level analysed the costs of building power plants against the costs of implementing DSM programmes, as well as assessing the costs of producing electricity versus the costs of saving energy. The results for both power plants and DSM measures were tested through sensitivity analyses. At the first comparison, it was revealed that renewable energy technologies have the highest costs, higher than other generating technologies. At this level, a conclusion was drawn up in three parts noting that (1) although renewable technologies are expensive, they should be given more weight due to the fact that they are inexhaustible, (2) they guarantee safety to the environment, and (3) they do not emit greenhouse gases into the environment. At the second level of cost comparison, it was demonstrated that residential mass rollout (RMR) has the highest cost, higher than any other programme. At this level, it was concluded that due to the target market of RMR, which is residential sector, RMR should be given more weight, because more energy is wasted in this sector. It was further observed that residential consumers use a lot of electricity during peak period, and this increases during the winter season. The third level of cost comparison demonstrated that DSM measures were the resource alternative available at the lowest cost to the electricity utility. Hence, DSM initiatives could help to alleviate power outages issues and therefore, delay the need for building new power plants. Since DSM initiatives were found to be cheaper to run, their implementations meant that the utility would save billions of Rand by not using large amounts of water, coal, fuel, operating the plant at lower levels of intensify and doing less maintenance on the power plant. , M.Ing. (Engineering Management)
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- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Electric power-plants - South Africa - Costs , Electric power-plants - South Africa - Management , Electric power-plants - South Africa - Equipment and supplies , Eskom (Firm)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/213026 , uj:21068
- Description: Abstract: Over the last decade, South Africa has been experiencing an electricity supply crisis. This power crisis has been threatening the stability of the national power grid. The crisis was caused by insufficient generation capacity as well as an increased demand for electricity. In order to counteract this situation, the state owned electricity utility, Eskom decided to increase its power capacity by building new power plants, and implementing demand side management (DSM) initiatives to save energy. All of this came at a cost. Therefore, the present study was aimed at helping decision makers in the South African electricity sector to decide on the optimum funding allocation for the above projects. The research methodology adopted in this study was cost analysis. Three levels of cost comparison were developed in this study. These were based on power generating technologies (coal, gas, nuclear, wind, concentrated solar power, and solar photovoltaic), and on DSM programmes (residential mass rollouts, standard offer programme, standard product programme, performance contracting programme, and energy services companies model mass rollouts). The first level analysed the costs of building power plants as well as costs of producing electricity using different power generating technologies. The second level analysed the costs of implementing DSM programmes as well as costs of saving energy by implementing DSM programmes. Lastly, the third level analysed the costs of building power plants against the costs of implementing DSM programmes, as well as assessing the costs of producing electricity versus the costs of saving energy. The results for both power plants and DSM measures were tested through sensitivity analyses. At the first comparison, it was revealed that renewable energy technologies have the highest costs, higher than other generating technologies. At this level, a conclusion was drawn up in three parts noting that (1) although renewable technologies are expensive, they should be given more weight due to the fact that they are inexhaustible, (2) they guarantee safety to the environment, and (3) they do not emit greenhouse gases into the environment. At the second level of cost comparison, it was demonstrated that residential mass rollout (RMR) has the highest cost, higher than any other programme. At this level, it was concluded that due to the target market of RMR, which is residential sector, RMR should be given more weight, because more energy is wasted in this sector. It was further observed that residential consumers use a lot of electricity during peak period, and this increases during the winter season. The third level of cost comparison demonstrated that DSM measures were the resource alternative available at the lowest cost to the electricity utility. Hence, DSM initiatives could help to alleviate power outages issues and therefore, delay the need for building new power plants. Since DSM initiatives were found to be cheaper to run, their implementations meant that the utility would save billions of Rand by not using large amounts of water, coal, fuel, operating the plant at lower levels of intensify and doing less maintenance on the power plant. , M.Ing. (Engineering Management)
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Exploring challenges impeding sustainable supply chain practices in mining sector
- Mulongo, Ndala Yves, Kholopane, Pule
- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mining industry , Challenges , Sustainability
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/243732 , uj:25194 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2017. Exploring challenges impeding sustainable supply chain practices in mining sector.
- Description: Abstract: Growing pressures from various players such as governments, non-governmental organizations, and customers have impelled business corporations to address the economic, environmental, and social issues associated with their supply chain activities. Consequently, the concept of sustainability has become a buzzword among scholars and industry practitioners. Although, the concept of sustainability is attaining high level of importance in Europe, America, and Asia due to its ability of ensuring environmental sustainability, in Africa the integration and application of sustainability’s concept is facing several challenges. To date, several studies were conducted to investigate the barriers affecting sustainability practices in mining sector at country’s level. However, an investigative study regarding the barriers of sustainability practices in mining sector of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), which involve fifteen African countries is missing, this paper aims at filling this gap. The data were collected through a quantitative approach. At least 1 423 participants were involved in the survey. The findings revealed that the major barriers blocking the development of Sustainable Supply Chain in mining industry of SADC region include Lack of commitment on environmental deterioration, lack of communication and knowledge sharing, Ineffective monitoring and control system, lack of effective policy and legislation direction, high cost associated with the implementation of SSCM, Poor Supplier Commitment, lack of green practitioners, poor senior managements’ commitment, lack of recycling activities. Lack of Political commitment and support, Lack of managerial support and practical tools, and inadequate individual capacity.
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- Authors: Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Kholopane, Pule
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mining industry , Challenges , Sustainability
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/243732 , uj:25194 , Citation: Mulongo, N.Y. & Kholopane, P. 2017. Exploring challenges impeding sustainable supply chain practices in mining sector.
- Description: Abstract: Growing pressures from various players such as governments, non-governmental organizations, and customers have impelled business corporations to address the economic, environmental, and social issues associated with their supply chain activities. Consequently, the concept of sustainability has become a buzzword among scholars and industry practitioners. Although, the concept of sustainability is attaining high level of importance in Europe, America, and Asia due to its ability of ensuring environmental sustainability, in Africa the integration and application of sustainability’s concept is facing several challenges. To date, several studies were conducted to investigate the barriers affecting sustainability practices in mining sector at country’s level. However, an investigative study regarding the barriers of sustainability practices in mining sector of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), which involve fifteen African countries is missing, this paper aims at filling this gap. The data were collected through a quantitative approach. At least 1 423 participants were involved in the survey. The findings revealed that the major barriers blocking the development of Sustainable Supply Chain in mining industry of SADC region include Lack of commitment on environmental deterioration, lack of communication and knowledge sharing, Ineffective monitoring and control system, lack of effective policy and legislation direction, high cost associated with the implementation of SSCM, Poor Supplier Commitment, lack of green practitioners, poor senior managements’ commitment, lack of recycling activities. Lack of Political commitment and support, Lack of managerial support and practical tools, and inadequate individual capacity.
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