An easy two-step microwave assisted synthesis of SnO2/CNT hybrids
- Motshekga, Sarah C, Pillai, Sreejarani K, Ray, Suprakas Sinha, Jalama, Kalala, Krause, Rui.W.M
- Authors: Motshekga, Sarah C , Pillai, Sreejarani K , Ray, Suprakas Sinha , Jalama, Kalala , Krause, Rui.W.M
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: X-ray diffraction , Electron microscopy , Nanotechnology , Ceramic engineering , Microwave synthesis , Nanoparticles , Carbon nanotubes
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6239 , ISBN 9781118059920 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8180
- Description: Tin oxide (SnO2) - decorated carbon nanotube (CNT) heterostructures were synthesized by microwave assisted wet impregnation method. CNTs of three different aspect ratios were compared. The hybrid samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area analysis and DC conductivity measurement. The results showed that the microwave assisted synthesis is a very efficient method in producing CNTs that are heavily decorated by SnO2 nanoparticles in a very short time (total reaction time of 10 min.), irrespective of their length and diameter. The hybrids showed 100 times increase in electrical conductivity when compared to the unmodified CNTs.
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- Authors: Motshekga, Sarah C , Pillai, Sreejarani K , Ray, Suprakas Sinha , Jalama, Kalala , Krause, Rui.W.M
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: X-ray diffraction , Electron microscopy , Nanotechnology , Ceramic engineering , Microwave synthesis , Nanoparticles , Carbon nanotubes
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6239 , ISBN 9781118059920 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8180
- Description: Tin oxide (SnO2) - decorated carbon nanotube (CNT) heterostructures were synthesized by microwave assisted wet impregnation method. CNTs of three different aspect ratios were compared. The hybrid samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area analysis and DC conductivity measurement. The results showed that the microwave assisted synthesis is a very efficient method in producing CNTs that are heavily decorated by SnO2 nanoparticles in a very short time (total reaction time of 10 min.), irrespective of their length and diameter. The hybrids showed 100 times increase in electrical conductivity when compared to the unmodified CNTs.
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Biodiesel production from soybean oil over TiO2 supported nano-ZnO
- Mukenga, Mbala, Muzenda, Edison, Jalama, Kalala, Meijboom, Reinout
- Authors: Mukenga, Mbala , Muzenda, Edison , Jalama, Kalala , Meijboom, Reinout
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Soybean oil , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6288 , ISSN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9894
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mukenga, Mbala , Muzenda, Edison , Jalama, Kalala , Meijboom, Reinout
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Soybean oil , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6288 , ISSN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9894
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Biodiesel production over nano-MgO supported on titania
- Mguni, Liberty L, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nano-MgO , Transesterification , Titania , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6058 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10473
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nano-MgO , Transesterification , Titania , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6058 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10473
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Effect of calcination temperature and MgO crystallite size on MgO/TiO2 catalyst system for soybean transesterification
- Mguni, Liberty L, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Calcination temperature , Transesterification , Soybean
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6289 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9895
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Calcination temperature , Transesterification , Soybean
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6289 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9895
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Effect of pressure, temperature and steam to carbon ratio on steam reforming of vegetable oils : simulation study
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Vegetable oil , Steam reforming
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6029 , ISBN 978-93-82242-16-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10050
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Vegetable oil , Steam reforming
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6029 , ISBN 978-93-82242-16-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10050
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Energy requirements for vegetable oils to hydrogen process
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Energy requirements , H2 production , Steam reforming , Vegetable oil
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6019 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10035
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Energy requirements , H2 production , Steam reforming , Vegetable oil
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6019 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10035
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Gas phase conversion of waste glycerol to synthesis gas : equilibrium product distribution
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Glycerol , Synthesis gas , Gas phase conversion
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6022 , ISSN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10041
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Glycerol , Synthesis gas , Gas phase conversion
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6022 , ISSN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10041
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Simulation of vegetable oils steam reforming process and comparison with literature experimental data
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Steam reforming , Vegetable oil
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6028 , ISBN 978-82242-16-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10049
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Steam reforming , Vegetable oil
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6028 , ISBN 978-82242-16-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10049
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Steam reforming of vegetable oils : equilibrium product selectivity
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Equilibrium products , Steam reforming , Vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6061 , ISBN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10476
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Equilibrium products , Steam reforming , Vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6061 , ISBN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10476
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Vegetable oil to biofuel by cracking : equilibrium product selectivities
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cracking , Equilibrium product , Vegetable oils , Biofuels
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6062 , ISBN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10479
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cracking , Equilibrium product , Vegetable oils , Biofuels
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6062 , ISBN 978-988-19252-4-4 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10479
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Waste oils pre-esterification for biodiesel synthesis : effect of feed moisture contents
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Waste oils , Moisture content , Pre-esterification
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/390933 , uj:6059 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10474
- Description: A process flowsheet was developed in ChemCad 6.4 to study the effect of feed moisture contents on the pre-esterification of waste oils. Waste oils were modelled as a mixture of triolein (90%), oleic acid (5%) and water (5%). The process mainly consisted of feed drying, pre-esterification reaction and methanol recovery. The results showed that the process energy requirements would be minimized when higher degrees of feed drying and higher preesterification reaction temperatures are used.
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- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Waste oils , Moisture content , Pre-esterification
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/390933 , uj:6059 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10474
- Description: A process flowsheet was developed in ChemCad 6.4 to study the effect of feed moisture contents on the pre-esterification of waste oils. Waste oils were modelled as a mixture of triolein (90%), oleic acid (5%) and water (5%). The process mainly consisted of feed drying, pre-esterification reaction and methanol recovery. The results showed that the process energy requirements would be minimized when higher degrees of feed drying and higher preesterification reaction temperatures are used.
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Biodiesel production from waste vegetable oils over MgO/Al2O3 catalyst
- Sithole, Thembi, Jalama, Kalala, Meijboom, Reinout
- Authors: Sithole, Thembi , Jalama, Kalala , Meijboom, Reinout
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Waste vegetable oils , Biodiesel fuels industry , Vegetable oils as fuel , Vegetable oils - Industrial applications
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5029 , ISSN 1662-7482 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13549
- Description: MgO/Al2O3 catalysts with 10 and 20 wt.% MgO loadings have been prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. A low-surface area alumina with small pore sizes was used as catalyst support to stabilise most of the MgO particles on the external surface area of the support. The prepared catalysts were subsequently tested in the conversion of a waste vegetable oil to biodiesel. The waste vegetable oil conversion was found to increase with the increase in reaction temperature, reaction time and MgO loading in the catalyst.
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- Authors: Sithole, Thembi , Jalama, Kalala , Meijboom, Reinout
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Waste vegetable oils , Biodiesel fuels industry , Vegetable oils as fuel , Vegetable oils - Industrial applications
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5029 , ISSN 1662-7482 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13549
- Description: MgO/Al2O3 catalysts with 10 and 20 wt.% MgO loadings have been prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. A low-surface area alumina with small pore sizes was used as catalyst support to stabilise most of the MgO particles on the external surface area of the support. The prepared catalysts were subsequently tested in the conversion of a waste vegetable oil to biodiesel. The waste vegetable oil conversion was found to increase with the increase in reaction temperature, reaction time and MgO loading in the catalyst.
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Energy requirement estimates for two step ethanolysis of waste vegetable oils for biodiesel production
- Ligeris, Nikolas, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Ligeris, Nikolas , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Waste vegetable oils , Biodiesel , Ethanol
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5052 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13591
- Description: ChemCad 6.4 simulation package was used to model a two-step biodiesel production process from waste vegetable oils (WVO) and ethanol using homogeneous acid and alkali catalysts respectively. The developed process flowsheet consisted of pre-esterification and transesterification of WVO, ethanol and glycerol recovery, and biodiesel refining. The energy required for each processing unit as well as the energy required for the whole process have been estimated. Ethanol recovery accounted for the highest portion of the energy required for the entire process estimated as 2.75 MJ per kg of biodiesel produced.
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- Authors: Ligeris, Nikolas , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Waste vegetable oils , Biodiesel , Ethanol
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5052 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13591
- Description: ChemCad 6.4 simulation package was used to model a two-step biodiesel production process from waste vegetable oils (WVO) and ethanol using homogeneous acid and alkali catalysts respectively. The developed process flowsheet consisted of pre-esterification and transesterification of WVO, ethanol and glycerol recovery, and biodiesel refining. The energy required for each processing unit as well as the energy required for the whole process have been estimated. Ethanol recovery accounted for the highest portion of the energy required for the entire process estimated as 2.75 MJ per kg of biodiesel produced.
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Biodiesel production over ZnO/TiO₂ catalyst : effect of co-solvent, temperature and reaction time
- Mahangani, Ndanganeni, Vunain, Ephraim, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Mahangani, Ndanganeni , Vunain, Ephraim , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2015-07-01
- Subjects: Biodiesel , Hexane , Waste vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5127 , ISBN 9789881404701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14090
- Description: The aim of this work was to produce biodiesel from waste vegetable oil over ZnO/TiO2 catalysts as well as investigating the effect of co-solvent (hexane), reaction temperature and time on waste vegetable oil conversion to biodiesel. Production of biodiesel from virgin oil is still a downfall in commercial processes due to high cost. Thus, the process of producing biodiesel from waste vegetable oil over a TiO2-supported ZnO catalyst was studied in the absence and the presence of hexane as co-solvent respectively. The conversion of waste vegetable oil was found to increase with temperature and reaction time. The highest conversion that has been achieved was 99.1% at a temperature of 200 °C after 15 min of reaction for the reaction using hexane as co-solvent. The use of hexane as co-solvent was found to increase the oil conversion at lower reaction temperature and no effect was observed at higher temperatures.
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- Authors: Mahangani, Ndanganeni , Vunain, Ephraim , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2015-07-01
- Subjects: Biodiesel , Hexane , Waste vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5127 , ISBN 9789881404701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14090
- Description: The aim of this work was to produce biodiesel from waste vegetable oil over ZnO/TiO2 catalysts as well as investigating the effect of co-solvent (hexane), reaction temperature and time on waste vegetable oil conversion to biodiesel. Production of biodiesel from virgin oil is still a downfall in commercial processes due to high cost. Thus, the process of producing biodiesel from waste vegetable oil over a TiO2-supported ZnO catalyst was studied in the absence and the presence of hexane as co-solvent respectively. The conversion of waste vegetable oil was found to increase with temperature and reaction time. The highest conversion that has been achieved was 99.1% at a temperature of 200 °C after 15 min of reaction for the reaction using hexane as co-solvent. The use of hexane as co-solvent was found to increase the oil conversion at lower reaction temperature and no effect was observed at higher temperatures.
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Waste vegetable oils to biodiesel over Al₂O₃ –supported SnO₂ catalyst : effect of support pore size
- Zulu, Vusumuzi C., Vunain, Ephraim, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Zulu, Vusumuzi C. , Vunain, Ephraim , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2015-07-01
- Subjects: Biodiesel , Waste vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5132 , ISBN 9789881404701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14098
- Description: The main aim of this study was to investigate the catalytic properties of Al₂O₃-supported SnO₂ for the conversion of waste vegetable oil into biodiesel. The effect of support pore size on waste oil conversion was investigated at 100 and 200 °C by using α-alumina (with larger pore size) and γ-alumina (with smaller pore size) respectively as support for SnO₂. The effect of pore-size on conversion was found to depend on the operating temperature. At low temperature, i.e. 100 °C, higher conversion for waste vegetable oil was measured on SnO₂ catalyst supported on α-Al₂O₃ than the catalyst supported by γ-Al₂O₃. This effect became less significant at 200 °C. It was also observed that the oil conversion increased with an increase in reaction temperature and reaction time.
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- Authors: Zulu, Vusumuzi C. , Vunain, Ephraim , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2015-07-01
- Subjects: Biodiesel , Waste vegetable oils
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5132 , ISBN 9789881404701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14098
- Description: The main aim of this study was to investigate the catalytic properties of Al₂O₃-supported SnO₂ for the conversion of waste vegetable oil into biodiesel. The effect of support pore size on waste oil conversion was investigated at 100 and 200 °C by using α-alumina (with larger pore size) and γ-alumina (with smaller pore size) respectively as support for SnO₂. The effect of pore-size on conversion was found to depend on the operating temperature. At low temperature, i.e. 100 °C, higher conversion for waste vegetable oil was measured on SnO₂ catalyst supported on α-Al₂O₃ than the catalyst supported by γ-Al₂O₃. This effect became less significant at 200 °C. It was also observed that the oil conversion increased with an increase in reaction temperature and reaction time.
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Assessment of carbon capture and sequestration : an investigation on algae growth rate under controlled environmental conditions
- Chauke, Jeffrey, Ndleve, Lunghile, Griffiths, Craig, Hausberger, Brendon, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Chauke, Jeffrey , Ndleve, Lunghile , Griffiths, Craig , Hausberger, Brendon , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Carbon Capture , Algae , Sequestration
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214209 , uj:21251 , Citation: Chauke, J. et al. 2016. Assessment of carbon capture and sequestration : an investigation on algae growth rate under controlled environmental conditions.
- Description: Abstract: Current challenges on CO2 emissions and climate change require cost-effective techniques for carbon capture and sequestration. The aim of this study was to investigate algae growth under controlled environmental conditions for CO2 sequestration. An algae strain from a local lake was used in this study and inoculation tests were performed at 22, 32 and 38oC. The highest algae growth was observed around 22oC.
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- Authors: Chauke, Jeffrey , Ndleve, Lunghile , Griffiths, Craig , Hausberger, Brendon , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Carbon Capture , Algae , Sequestration
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214209 , uj:21251 , Citation: Chauke, J. et al. 2016. Assessment of carbon capture and sequestration : an investigation on algae growth rate under controlled environmental conditions.
- Description: Abstract: Current challenges on CO2 emissions and climate change require cost-effective techniques for carbon capture and sequestration. The aim of this study was to investigate algae growth under controlled environmental conditions for CO2 sequestration. An algae strain from a local lake was used in this study and inoculation tests were performed at 22, 32 and 38oC. The highest algae growth was observed around 22oC.
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Economics of carbon sequestration using algae
- Ndleve, Lunghile, Hausberger, Brendon, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Ndleve, Lunghile , Hausberger, Brendon , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Algae , Carbon , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214360 , uj:21271 , Citation: Ndleve, L., Hausberger, B & Jalama, K. 2016. Economics of carbon sequestration using algae.
- Description: Abstract: This research examines the various carbon sequestration options and the impact of these on the economic viability of various carbon capture solutions when measured against algal based options. The base case of a coal fed Fischer - Tropsch facility is used to quantify the impact of these options.
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- Authors: Ndleve, Lunghile , Hausberger, Brendon , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Algae , Carbon , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214360 , uj:21271 , Citation: Ndleve, L., Hausberger, B & Jalama, K. 2016. Economics of carbon sequestration using algae.
- Description: Abstract: This research examines the various carbon sequestration options and the impact of these on the economic viability of various carbon capture solutions when measured against algal based options. The base case of a coal fed Fischer - Tropsch facility is used to quantify the impact of these options.
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Effect of space velocity on alumina supported cobalt catalyst performance for fischer-tropsch reaction
- Khangale, Rodney P., Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Khangale, Rodney P. , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Co/Al2O3 catalyst , Fischer-Tropsch , Space velocity
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214368 , uj:21272 , Citation: Khangale, R.P., Meijboom, R & Jalama, K. 2016. Effect of space velocity on alumina supported cobalt catalyst performance for fischer-tropsch reaction.
- Description: Abstract: Co/ɣ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation of the ɣ-Al2O3 support using an aqueous solution of cobalt nitrate. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, BET and TPR. It was evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor to determine the effect of space velocity on the CO conversion, CO conversion rate, CH4 selectivity and C5+ selectivity during Fischer-Tropsch reaction. CO conversion decreased while the CO conversion rate linearly increased with increasing the space velocity. The CH4 selectivity was not significantly affected by the space velocity as it fluctuated between 5 and 6%.
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- Authors: Khangale, Rodney P. , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Co/Al2O3 catalyst , Fischer-Tropsch , Space velocity
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214368 , uj:21272 , Citation: Khangale, R.P., Meijboom, R & Jalama, K. 2016. Effect of space velocity on alumina supported cobalt catalyst performance for fischer-tropsch reaction.
- Description: Abstract: Co/ɣ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation of the ɣ-Al2O3 support using an aqueous solution of cobalt nitrate. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, BET and TPR. It was evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor to determine the effect of space velocity on the CO conversion, CO conversion rate, CH4 selectivity and C5+ selectivity during Fischer-Tropsch reaction. CO conversion decreased while the CO conversion rate linearly increased with increasing the space velocity. The CH4 selectivity was not significantly affected by the space velocity as it fluctuated between 5 and 6%.
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Effect of Total Pressure on CO Conversion and CH4 Selectivity during Fischer-Tropsch Reaction over Gold-promoted Cobalt Catalyst
- Baloyi, Jason, Nkosi, E.N., Khangale, Rodney P., Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Baloyi, Jason , Nkosi, E.N. , Khangale, Rodney P. , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Au/Co catalyst , Fischer-Tropsch , Total pressure
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214376 , uj:21273 , Citation: Baloyi, J. et al. 2016. Effect of space velocity on alumina supported cobalt catalyst performance for fischer-tropsch reaction.
- Description: Abstract: Au-promoted cobalt catalyst was prepared by two-step precipitation-deposition of cobalt and gold on a gamma alumina support. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD and BET, and used in a laboratory fixed-bed reactor to evaluate the effect of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction total pressure on carbon monoxide conversion and methane selectivity. Carbon monoxide conversion was found to increase with an increase in system pressure and passed through a maximum at a pressure around 5 bar. The methane selectivity was very low and unexpectedly increased at high operating pressure.
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- Authors: Baloyi, Jason , Nkosi, E.N. , Khangale, Rodney P. , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Au/Co catalyst , Fischer-Tropsch , Total pressure
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214376 , uj:21273 , Citation: Baloyi, J. et al. 2016. Effect of space velocity on alumina supported cobalt catalyst performance for fischer-tropsch reaction.
- Description: Abstract: Au-promoted cobalt catalyst was prepared by two-step precipitation-deposition of cobalt and gold on a gamma alumina support. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD and BET, and used in a laboratory fixed-bed reactor to evaluate the effect of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction total pressure on carbon monoxide conversion and methane selectivity. Carbon monoxide conversion was found to increase with an increase in system pressure and passed through a maximum at a pressure around 5 bar. The methane selectivity was very low and unexpectedly increased at high operating pressure.
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Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Co/Tio2 catalyst : effect of catalyst activation by CO compared to H2
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Catalyst activation , CO , H2 , Fischer-tropsch
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/93835 , uj:20397 , Citation: Jalama, K. 2016. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Co/Tio2 catalyst : effect of catalyst activation by CO compared to H2.
- Description: Abstract: Co/TiO2 catalyst activation for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction by CO in comparison to H2 has been performed. The catalyst, prepared by incipient wetness impregnation, has been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses after separate reduction using CO and H2 respectively. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) analyses were also conducted to study the reduction behaviour of the catalyst in presence of H2 and CO respectively. CO improved catalyst reduction and produced a more stable and active catalyst with higher selectivity and yield for C5+ hydrocarbons at extended time-on-stream.
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Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Co/Tio2 catalyst : effect of catalyst activation by CO compared to H2
- Authors: Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Catalyst activation , CO , H2 , Fischer-tropsch
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/93835 , uj:20397 , Citation: Jalama, K. 2016. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Co/Tio2 catalyst : effect of catalyst activation by CO compared to H2.
- Description: Abstract: Co/TiO2 catalyst activation for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction by CO in comparison to H2 has been performed. The catalyst, prepared by incipient wetness impregnation, has been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses after separate reduction using CO and H2 respectively. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) analyses were also conducted to study the reduction behaviour of the catalyst in presence of H2 and CO respectively. CO improved catalyst reduction and produced a more stable and active catalyst with higher selectivity and yield for C5+ hydrocarbons at extended time-on-stream.
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