Assessment of entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial orientation constructs : an analysis of past research
- Schachtebeck, Chris, Groenewald, Darelle, Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Intrapreneurial orientation , Entrepreneurial orientation , Corporate entrepreneurship
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/289467 , uj:31407 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2018. Assessment of entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial orientation constructs : an analysis of past research.
- Description: Abstract: Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) can act as a predictor and indicator of firm-level entrepreneurship in organisations of different sizes. Intrapreneurial Orientation (IO), as an offspring of EO, describes an individual employee’s inclination to act entrepreneurially. Yet while the importance of an organisation’s EO cannot be overstated, a lack of clarity exists as to which common constructs underpin these concepts, as no study has attempted to analyse the shared conceptual basis underpinning EO, IO and other connected concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyse the underlying constructs of past EO and IO studies. The study is qualitative in nature by utilising a narrative review methodology. The review was conducted in prominent international databases. Discovered articles were analysed by means of content and thematic analysis. Results reveal that EO studies mostly utilise three constructs, namely risk-taking, innovativeness and proactiveness, while competitive aggressiveness and autonomy are less frequently utilised. Instruments developed by Miller (1983), as well as Covin and Slevin (1989) were the most frequently utilised instruments to assess EO. Studies investigating IO lack commonality in constructs, with only innovativeness representing a common construct. Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation was found to act as an extension to IO, utilising similar constructs and one underlying instrument only. Findings of this study provide researchers and academics with an up-to-date identification and analysis of the main constructs underlying popular EO and IO instruments, thereby assisting in the development of instruments in future EO and IO studies.
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- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Intrapreneurial orientation , Entrepreneurial orientation , Corporate entrepreneurship
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/289467 , uj:31407 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2018. Assessment of entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial orientation constructs : an analysis of past research.
- Description: Abstract: Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) can act as a predictor and indicator of firm-level entrepreneurship in organisations of different sizes. Intrapreneurial Orientation (IO), as an offspring of EO, describes an individual employee’s inclination to act entrepreneurially. Yet while the importance of an organisation’s EO cannot be overstated, a lack of clarity exists as to which common constructs underpin these concepts, as no study has attempted to analyse the shared conceptual basis underpinning EO, IO and other connected concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyse the underlying constructs of past EO and IO studies. The study is qualitative in nature by utilising a narrative review methodology. The review was conducted in prominent international databases. Discovered articles were analysed by means of content and thematic analysis. Results reveal that EO studies mostly utilise three constructs, namely risk-taking, innovativeness and proactiveness, while competitive aggressiveness and autonomy are less frequently utilised. Instruments developed by Miller (1983), as well as Covin and Slevin (1989) were the most frequently utilised instruments to assess EO. Studies investigating IO lack commonality in constructs, with only innovativeness representing a common construct. Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation was found to act as an extension to IO, utilising similar constructs and one underlying instrument only. Findings of this study provide researchers and academics with an up-to-date identification and analysis of the main constructs underlying popular EO and IO instruments, thereby assisting in the development of instruments in future EO and IO studies.
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Assessment of teaching corporate entrepreneurship to master’s level students.
- Authors: Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Corporate entrepreneurship - Study and teaching (Higher) - South Africa , Masters degrees - South Africa , Teaching methods - South Africa , Personality and academic achievement - South Africa , Intrapreneurial Performance Quotient
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5850 , ISSN 1993-8233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7937
- Description: Tertiary education in terms of entrepreneurship is not adequate to stimulate entrepreneurial activity in South Africa. By assessing the effect and successfulness of tertiary modules offered in entrepreneurship (and in this case specifically corporate entrepreneurship) an improvement can be made to these courses which would lead to increased entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of a corporate entrepreneurship module that has been offered to master’s level students. The research is designed as a formal study where stated hypotheses are tested to demonstrate if there is a statistical significant difference between the corporate entrepreneurial style and personality of students (over a period of three year) before and after they have completed a master’s level module in CE. A pre- and post test were conducted over a period of three years (2007 – 2009). A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the data. A judgemental purposive sampling technique was used and the sample consisted of 101 students. The results indicated that there is a statistical significant difference between the corporate entrepreneurial styles and personalities of students that have completed the course as well as the Intrapreneurial Performance Index. It is recommended that tertiary institutions, specifically in South Africa, must adopt a corporate entrepreneurship module in their post-graduate programmes which will assist to equip employees to become more entrepreneurial within existing businesses.
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- Authors: Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Corporate entrepreneurship - Study and teaching (Higher) - South Africa , Masters degrees - South Africa , Teaching methods - South Africa , Personality and academic achievement - South Africa , Intrapreneurial Performance Quotient
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:5850 , ISSN 1993-8233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7937
- Description: Tertiary education in terms of entrepreneurship is not adequate to stimulate entrepreneurial activity in South Africa. By assessing the effect and successfulness of tertiary modules offered in entrepreneurship (and in this case specifically corporate entrepreneurship) an improvement can be made to these courses which would lead to increased entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of a corporate entrepreneurship module that has been offered to master’s level students. The research is designed as a formal study where stated hypotheses are tested to demonstrate if there is a statistical significant difference between the corporate entrepreneurial style and personality of students (over a period of three year) before and after they have completed a master’s level module in CE. A pre- and post test were conducted over a period of three years (2007 – 2009). A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the data. A judgemental purposive sampling technique was used and the sample consisted of 101 students. The results indicated that there is a statistical significant difference between the corporate entrepreneurial styles and personalities of students that have completed the course as well as the Intrapreneurial Performance Index. It is recommended that tertiary institutions, specifically in South Africa, must adopt a corporate entrepreneurship module in their post-graduate programmes which will assist to equip employees to become more entrepreneurial within existing businesses.
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Corporate entrepreneurial climate : an investigation of South African accounting small and medium-sized enterprises
- Khoza, Rachel, Groenewald, Darelle, Schachtebeck, Chris
- Authors: Khoza, Rachel , Groenewald, Darelle , Schachtebeck, Chris
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Corporate entrepreneurship , Accounting SMEs , Small and medium-sized enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/259371 , uj:27288 , Citation: Khoza, R., Groenewald, D. & Schachtebeck, C. 2017. Corporate entrepreneurial climate : an investigation of South African accounting small and medium-sized enterprises.
- Description: Abstract: Government around the world, particularly in emerging economies such as South Africa, have recognised the socio-economic benefits Small and Medium -sized Enterprises (SMEs) hold. Despite this recognition and support, SME failure rates are still unsustainably high. For SMEs to survive, innovation and internal (corporate) entrepreneurship needs to take centre-stage. The purpose of this study is to assess the corporate entrepreneurial climate in South African accounting SMEs. Little empirical research exists in South Africa that addresses the importance of Corporate Entrepreneurship with reference to accounting SMEs. A quantitative research approach was followed by means of a selfadministered questionnaire. A purposive sampling approach yielded 102 responses drawn from the South African Institute of Professional Accountants database. Results indicate that positive support for corporate entrepreneurship exists, with four main dimensions of Corporate Entrepreneurship being evident. Time availability, however, was lacking in the sampled enterprises. This study positively contributes to the body of knowledge in accounting SMEs, particularly around the existence and promotion of Corporate Entrepreneurship. The results of the study can serve as an indicator for South African accounting SMEs, and related industries, in terms of assessing the existence of a corporate entrepreneurship climate.
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- Authors: Khoza, Rachel , Groenewald, Darelle , Schachtebeck, Chris
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Corporate entrepreneurship , Accounting SMEs , Small and medium-sized enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/259371 , uj:27288 , Citation: Khoza, R., Groenewald, D. & Schachtebeck, C. 2017. Corporate entrepreneurial climate : an investigation of South African accounting small and medium-sized enterprises.
- Description: Abstract: Government around the world, particularly in emerging economies such as South Africa, have recognised the socio-economic benefits Small and Medium -sized Enterprises (SMEs) hold. Despite this recognition and support, SME failure rates are still unsustainably high. For SMEs to survive, innovation and internal (corporate) entrepreneurship needs to take centre-stage. The purpose of this study is to assess the corporate entrepreneurial climate in South African accounting SMEs. Little empirical research exists in South Africa that addresses the importance of Corporate Entrepreneurship with reference to accounting SMEs. A quantitative research approach was followed by means of a selfadministered questionnaire. A purposive sampling approach yielded 102 responses drawn from the South African Institute of Professional Accountants database. Results indicate that positive support for corporate entrepreneurship exists, with four main dimensions of Corporate Entrepreneurship being evident. Time availability, however, was lacking in the sampled enterprises. This study positively contributes to the body of knowledge in accounting SMEs, particularly around the existence and promotion of Corporate Entrepreneurship. The results of the study can serve as an indicator for South African accounting SMEs, and related industries, in terms of assessing the existence of a corporate entrepreneurship climate.
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Entrepreneurial intention of the youth in Gauteng and the theory of planned behavior
- Van Tonder, Chanté, Groenewald, Darelle
- Authors: Van Tonder, Chanté , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Entrepreneurial Intention , Personal attitude , Subjective norm
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254307 , uj:26614 , Citation: Van Tonder, C. & Groenewald, D. 2017. Entrepreneurial intention of the youth in Gauteng and the theory of planned behavior.
- Description: Abstract: Unemployment is a crisis that the South-African youth cannot avoid. This requires the youth to consider alternative career options such as entrepreneurship. The theory of planned behaviour is a model used to determine entrepreneurial intention of an individual which then ultimately predict an individual’s behavior to engage in entrepreneurial activities in the future. The study aims at determining if a significant relationship exists between the theory of planned behaviour and the entrepreneurial intention of the youth in Gauteng. The sample consisted of youth in Gauteng, aged between 18-34 years, currently working full-time, part-time, self-employed, unemployed or enrolled as a student. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, which was analysed using a regression analysis. The findings indicated that the respondents do have the intention to start a business, however the act of becoming an entrepreneur was not evident. Alternative tools need to be developed to promote entrepreneurship as a career option.
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- Authors: Van Tonder, Chanté , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Entrepreneurial Intention , Personal attitude , Subjective norm
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254307 , uj:26614 , Citation: Van Tonder, C. & Groenewald, D. 2017. Entrepreneurial intention of the youth in Gauteng and the theory of planned behavior.
- Description: Abstract: Unemployment is a crisis that the South-African youth cannot avoid. This requires the youth to consider alternative career options such as entrepreneurship. The theory of planned behaviour is a model used to determine entrepreneurial intention of an individual which then ultimately predict an individual’s behavior to engage in entrepreneurial activities in the future. The study aims at determining if a significant relationship exists between the theory of planned behaviour and the entrepreneurial intention of the youth in Gauteng. The sample consisted of youth in Gauteng, aged between 18-34 years, currently working full-time, part-time, self-employed, unemployed or enrolled as a student. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, which was analysed using a regression analysis. The findings indicated that the respondents do have the intention to start a business, however the act of becoming an entrepreneur was not evident. Alternative tools need to be developed to promote entrepreneurship as a career option.
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Factors contributing to growth expectations of African entrepreneurs
- Alemayehu, Binyam Z., Van Vuuren, Jurie, Groenewald, Darelle
- Authors: Alemayehu, Binyam Z. , Van Vuuren, Jurie , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Growth expectation , African entrepreneurs , New product development
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254321 , uj:26616 , Citation: Alemayehu, B.Z., Van Vuuren, J. & Groenewald, D. 2017. Factors contributing to growth expectations of African entrepreneurs.
- Description: Abstract: Despite the consensus regarding the importance of business with growth expectations, there are limited studies that explore factors that induce and are associated with growth expectations of entrepreneurs. The gap particularly becomes worse when considering the growth expectations of African Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). This paper, examine the relationship between growth expectations of TEA in Africa with new product development and international business orientation, and type of entrepreneurship with the view of addressing the gap and encouraging future academic discourse. Six years of GEM data of four African countries were used. The major finding was that growth expectations of African TEA are strongly correlated with new product orientation and international business orientation. Contrary to previous research it was found that growth expectations and type of entrepreneurship (opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship) have no statistically significant association. Moreover, the result upholds the virtuous circle relationship between new product and international business orientations established by previous studies.
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- Authors: Alemayehu, Binyam Z. , Van Vuuren, Jurie , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Growth expectation , African entrepreneurs , New product development
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/254321 , uj:26616 , Citation: Alemayehu, B.Z., Van Vuuren, J. & Groenewald, D. 2017. Factors contributing to growth expectations of African entrepreneurs.
- Description: Abstract: Despite the consensus regarding the importance of business with growth expectations, there are limited studies that explore factors that induce and are associated with growth expectations of entrepreneurs. The gap particularly becomes worse when considering the growth expectations of African Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). This paper, examine the relationship between growth expectations of TEA in Africa with new product development and international business orientation, and type of entrepreneurship with the view of addressing the gap and encouraging future academic discourse. Six years of GEM data of four African countries were used. The major finding was that growth expectations of African TEA are strongly correlated with new product orientation and international business orientation. Contrary to previous research it was found that growth expectations and type of entrepreneurship (opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship) have no statistically significant association. Moreover, the result upholds the virtuous circle relationship between new product and international business orientations established by previous studies.
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Factors driving innovation strategies and long‐term capability in the financial industry
- Dlamini, Tenele, Groenewald, Darelle
- Authors: Dlamini, Tenele , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Innovation , Innovation strategies , Innovation capabilities
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399920 , uj:33352 , Citation: Dlamini, T. & Groenewald, D. 2019. Factors driving innovation strategies and long‐term capability in the financial industry.
- Description: Abstract: With innovation being one of the elements to obtain a competitive advantage, organisations in the modern business environment are primarily focused on improving existing processes and products as a means of innovation. Organisations need to go beyond product and process innovation and develop strategies specifically intended for innovation. Innovation in most organisations happens in a non‐systematic, arbitrary manner. Organisations should establish clear innovation strategies such as aggressive innovation, technological innovation, market innovation and opportunity innovation. Knowing what drives innovation strategies and capability will enhance organisations to gain an additional competitive edge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors driving innovation strategies that would ensure long‐term capabilities within the financial industry. The study adopted a qualitative methodology, cross‐sectional and used a case study design. As the existing body of knowledge on innovation strategies is limited, an interpretivist philosophy that is descriptive in nature were used as it describes and provides insight into this field of study. Following a thematic approach and using semi‐structured interviews the empirical study was conducted on twenty top managers from twenty different organisations in the financial industry in one of South Africa’s provinces. Data was analysed using Atlas‐ti. The financial industry was selected because the industry is entering a digital phase that demands sustained innovation practices to survive in this new landscape. The industry is at the core of rapid structural changes that have a significant effect on South Africa. Prior to conducting the interviews, pretesting was conducted by undertaking pilot tests to test the viability and reliability of the questions. Empirical evidence suggests that innovation strategies and innovation success is influenced by multiple factors, mainly technology, employee motivation and leadership. The results reflected that successful innovation in organisations cannot be achieved in silo’s but organisational support is fundamental. It was found that ideapitching platforms enhance the creation of new ideas and implementation of new innovation practices.
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- Authors: Dlamini, Tenele , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Innovation , Innovation strategies , Innovation capabilities
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399920 , uj:33352 , Citation: Dlamini, T. & Groenewald, D. 2019. Factors driving innovation strategies and long‐term capability in the financial industry.
- Description: Abstract: With innovation being one of the elements to obtain a competitive advantage, organisations in the modern business environment are primarily focused on improving existing processes and products as a means of innovation. Organisations need to go beyond product and process innovation and develop strategies specifically intended for innovation. Innovation in most organisations happens in a non‐systematic, arbitrary manner. Organisations should establish clear innovation strategies such as aggressive innovation, technological innovation, market innovation and opportunity innovation. Knowing what drives innovation strategies and capability will enhance organisations to gain an additional competitive edge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors driving innovation strategies that would ensure long‐term capabilities within the financial industry. The study adopted a qualitative methodology, cross‐sectional and used a case study design. As the existing body of knowledge on innovation strategies is limited, an interpretivist philosophy that is descriptive in nature were used as it describes and provides insight into this field of study. Following a thematic approach and using semi‐structured interviews the empirical study was conducted on twenty top managers from twenty different organisations in the financial industry in one of South Africa’s provinces. Data was analysed using Atlas‐ti. The financial industry was selected because the industry is entering a digital phase that demands sustained innovation practices to survive in this new landscape. The industry is at the core of rapid structural changes that have a significant effect on South Africa. Prior to conducting the interviews, pretesting was conducted by undertaking pilot tests to test the viability and reliability of the questions. Empirical evidence suggests that innovation strategies and innovation success is influenced by multiple factors, mainly technology, employee motivation and leadership. The results reflected that successful innovation in organisations cannot be achieved in silo’s but organisational support is fundamental. It was found that ideapitching platforms enhance the creation of new ideas and implementation of new innovation practices.
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Intrapreneurial orientation in small and medium-sized enterprises : an exploration at the employee level
- Schachtebeck, Chris, Groenewald, Darelle, Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intrapreneurship , Intrapreneurial orientation , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/294914 , uj:32098 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C., 2019, ‘Intrapreneurial orientation in small and medium-sized enterprises: An exploration at the employee level’, Acta Commercii 19(2), a638. https://doi.org/10.4102/ ac.v19i2.638 , ISSN: 1684-1999 (Online) , ISSN: 2413-1903 (Print)
- Description: Abstract: The South African economy and, in particular, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have shown uninspiring performance, reflected in low levels of job creation, worryingly low levels of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial employee activity (EEA). As SMEs are the innovation and growth engine of an economy, the poor EEA levels (0.7%) indicate lacklustre levels of innovation and intrapreneurial activity...
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- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intrapreneurship , Intrapreneurial orientation , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/294914 , uj:32098 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C., 2019, ‘Intrapreneurial orientation in small and medium-sized enterprises: An exploration at the employee level’, Acta Commercii 19(2), a638. https://doi.org/10.4102/ ac.v19i2.638 , ISSN: 1684-1999 (Online) , ISSN: 2413-1903 (Print)
- Description: Abstract: The South African economy and, in particular, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have shown uninspiring performance, reflected in low levels of job creation, worryingly low levels of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial employee activity (EEA). As SMEs are the innovation and growth engine of an economy, the poor EEA levels (0.7%) indicate lacklustre levels of innovation and intrapreneurial activity...
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Pilot studies : use and misuse in South African SME research
- Schachtebeck, Chris, Groenewald, Darelle, Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Pilot study , Systematic review , Small and medium-sized enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/260331 , uj:27409 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2017. Pilot studies : use and misuse in South African SME research.
- Description: Abstract: The utilization of pilot study methodology is often not in accordance with methodological principles and intentions. Further, reporting of pilot studies is reported as inadequate. The rise in the use of pilot studies in the social sciences, in particular in business research, prompts an examination of the correctness of the use of pilot study methodology in South African SME research. This article has made use of a qualitative research approach by systematically reviewing the use of pilot studies in South African SME research. Articles have been identified in prominent databases according to set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Accepted articles have then been screened according to a set of identified best practices. Findings reveal that only a small proportion of identified studies follow methodological best practices of piloting methodology. Few studies adequately report on piloting results and even fewer studies adequately describe or select a representative piloting sample. Only half of all identified studies describe the purpose for piloting. The article provides recommendations for researchers and businesses engaging in SME research and intending to utilize pilot studies.
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- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Pilot study , Systematic review , Small and medium-sized enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/260331 , uj:27409 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2017. Pilot studies : use and misuse in South African SME research.
- Description: Abstract: The utilization of pilot study methodology is often not in accordance with methodological principles and intentions. Further, reporting of pilot studies is reported as inadequate. The rise in the use of pilot studies in the social sciences, in particular in business research, prompts an examination of the correctness of the use of pilot study methodology in South African SME research. This article has made use of a qualitative research approach by systematically reviewing the use of pilot studies in South African SME research. Articles have been identified in prominent databases according to set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Accepted articles have then been screened according to a set of identified best practices. Findings reveal that only a small proportion of identified studies follow methodological best practices of piloting methodology. Few studies adequately report on piloting results and even fewer studies adequately describe or select a representative piloting sample. Only half of all identified studies describe the purpose for piloting. The article provides recommendations for researchers and businesses engaging in SME research and intending to utilize pilot studies.
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SME support institutions : the South African case
- Schachtebeck, Chris, Groenewald, Darelle, Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Small business -South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/234339 , uj:23946 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2017. SME support institutions : the South African case.
- Description: Abstract: The aim of the research is to provide an overview and analysis of prominent institutions supporting SME growth in South Africa. This is a qualitative study using a targeted internet and literature search by comprehensively reviewing SME support institutions. Data were analyzed by means of a documentary and thematic analysis. 15 Prominent SME support institutions were discovered - split equally between public and private institutions. Services offered took the form of financial and non-financial support. Financial support included grants, loans, equity investment and guarantees. Non-financial support predominantly includes items such as networking opportunities, incubation, mentorship and advisory services.
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- Authors: Schachtebeck, Chris , Groenewald, Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Small business -South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/234339 , uj:23946 , Citation: Schachtebeck, C., Groenewald, D. & Nieuwenhuizen, C. 2017. SME support institutions : the South African case.
- Description: Abstract: The aim of the research is to provide an overview and analysis of prominent institutions supporting SME growth in South Africa. This is a qualitative study using a targeted internet and literature search by comprehensively reviewing SME support institutions. Data were analyzed by means of a documentary and thematic analysis. 15 Prominent SME support institutions were discovered - split equally between public and private institutions. Services offered took the form of financial and non-financial support. Financial support included grants, loans, equity investment and guarantees. Non-financial support predominantly includes items such as networking opportunities, incubation, mentorship and advisory services.
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The role of government in the implementation of sustainable development initiatives by adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa : an exploratory inquiry
- Chiliya, Norman, Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile, Groenewald, Darelle
- Authors: Chiliya, Norman , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable development , Small business , Business performance
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/240462 , uj:24736 , Citation: Chiliya, N., Nieuwenhuizen, C. & Groenewald, D. 2017. The role of government in the implementation of sustainable development initiatives by adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa : an exploratory inquiry.
- Description: Abstract: Sustainable development suggests that there are restrictions to the obtainability of ecological resources and the planet to engage human activities. Limited South African research exists in the field of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs especially the role of Government in terms of implementation of sustainable development initiatives. A structured questionnaire was administered via email and hard copies. A total of 105 usable responses were received. Government, business associations and certification bodies have unrelated methods for evaluating sustainability issues. The tourism sector is overwhelmed with initiatives and certifications intended at facilitation and adoption of sustainable development practices. This adds to the confusion that entrepreneurs face when it comes to choosing an appropriate tool. There is consensus that entrepreneurs want to develop their sustainability knowledge base. It is recommended that the different institutions or actors in the arena of sustainable development should make information on sustainable development easily available. The SMMEs also indicated that the legislative framework affecting small businesses should be improved. The government, should award rebates to SMMEs for implementing sustainable development initiatives. Alternative funding for implementing sustainable development initiatives should also be established.
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- Authors: Chiliya, Norman , Nieuwenhuizen, Cecile , Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable development , Small business , Business performance
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/240462 , uj:24736 , Citation: Chiliya, N., Nieuwenhuizen, C. & Groenewald, D. 2017. The role of government in the implementation of sustainable development initiatives by adventure tourism SMMEs in South Africa : an exploratory inquiry.
- Description: Abstract: Sustainable development suggests that there are restrictions to the obtainability of ecological resources and the planet to engage human activities. Limited South African research exists in the field of sustainable development in adventure tourism SMMEs especially the role of Government in terms of implementation of sustainable development initiatives. A structured questionnaire was administered via email and hard copies. A total of 105 usable responses were received. Government, business associations and certification bodies have unrelated methods for evaluating sustainability issues. The tourism sector is overwhelmed with initiatives and certifications intended at facilitation and adoption of sustainable development practices. This adds to the confusion that entrepreneurs face when it comes to choosing an appropriate tool. There is consensus that entrepreneurs want to develop their sustainability knowledge base. It is recommended that the different institutions or actors in the arena of sustainable development should make information on sustainable development easily available. The SMMEs also indicated that the legislative framework affecting small businesses should be improved. The government, should award rebates to SMMEs for implementing sustainable development initiatives. Alternative funding for implementing sustainable development initiatives should also be established.
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‘n Ondersoek na die rol, taak en benutting van die sekretaresse as hulpbron vir die bestuurder in Technikon SA
- Authors: Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2012-09-11
- Subjects: Technikon SA -- Management , Secretaries
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/369535 , uj:10014 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7405
- Description: M.Comm. , This dissertation is an investigation into the changing role, task and utility of the secretary as a resource for the manager in Technikon SA(TSA). In today's office, a secretary can no longer offer just technical skills and personal attributes alone. The secretary must be involved as an energetic and vital member of the group. The secretary must appreciate the possibilities of making an increased contribution to the success of the manager by managing the time available to the secretary more effectively. The secretary has to understand the factors which operate in inter-personal work relations. The secretary must be a skilled communicator and organiser. The secretary needs a talent for detailed administration. The secretary often has a controlling and planning function. Secretaries have a significant role to play in maintaining good relations with all within the organisation, and in creating a favourable image to those outside. A secretary should be able to lubricate the wheels of the manager's work and exercise intelligent anticipation by thinking for and with the manager. The first part of this study exists of a literature overview of the secretary in die business world. Special attention is given to the role of the secretary and the need for a secretary; the changing office environment; the changing role of the secretary; the impact of technology and the changing role of the secretary and the secretary's role in the upcoming virtual office. The changing career path of the secretary is also addressed. The literature overview ends with an overview of the utilisation of the secretary and the establishment of an optimal work relationship between secretary and manager and the training and development of the secretary. The last part of the study exists of the results of a questionnaire compiled and distributed to all the secretaries in TSA and interviews with some managers in TSA. The secretary's in TSA perform basic secretarial functions. The nature of the secretary's work is determined by the specific department where the secretary is working. TSA secretary's uses the most up to date technology in the execution of their work. Secretaries have limited authority and responsibility regarding their work but they can almost always influence there manager's decisions regarding office related issues. There is no real career path for the secretary in TSA, which is a big frustration for the secretaries. Because there is a not a definite career path and no distinction between for example a junior secretary, secretary, senior secretary etc, some secretaries tend to be over and others under utilised. The nature of the secretary's work can determine that a secretary is more involved with aspects such as project management, budgeting and scheduling. These secretaries do not get the recognition they deserve and is still on the same level as all the other secretaries in TSA. The secretaries in TSA is equipped with the write training, development and experience to fulfil work with more authority and responsibility. The role of the secretary in TSA will definitely change in future. Both managers and secretaries see the role of the secretary to be changed to that of a personal assistant with the necessary authority and responsibility to handle lower level management work. The secretary will have more decision power in the execution of the Technikon's policy and procedures an better utilised.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Groenewald, Darelle
- Date: 2012-09-11
- Subjects: Technikon SA -- Management , Secretaries
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/369535 , uj:10014 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7405
- Description: M.Comm. , This dissertation is an investigation into the changing role, task and utility of the secretary as a resource for the manager in Technikon SA(TSA). In today's office, a secretary can no longer offer just technical skills and personal attributes alone. The secretary must be involved as an energetic and vital member of the group. The secretary must appreciate the possibilities of making an increased contribution to the success of the manager by managing the time available to the secretary more effectively. The secretary has to understand the factors which operate in inter-personal work relations. The secretary must be a skilled communicator and organiser. The secretary needs a talent for detailed administration. The secretary often has a controlling and planning function. Secretaries have a significant role to play in maintaining good relations with all within the organisation, and in creating a favourable image to those outside. A secretary should be able to lubricate the wheels of the manager's work and exercise intelligent anticipation by thinking for and with the manager. The first part of this study exists of a literature overview of the secretary in die business world. Special attention is given to the role of the secretary and the need for a secretary; the changing office environment; the changing role of the secretary; the impact of technology and the changing role of the secretary and the secretary's role in the upcoming virtual office. The changing career path of the secretary is also addressed. The literature overview ends with an overview of the utilisation of the secretary and the establishment of an optimal work relationship between secretary and manager and the training and development of the secretary. The last part of the study exists of the results of a questionnaire compiled and distributed to all the secretaries in TSA and interviews with some managers in TSA. The secretary's in TSA perform basic secretarial functions. The nature of the secretary's work is determined by the specific department where the secretary is working. TSA secretary's uses the most up to date technology in the execution of their work. Secretaries have limited authority and responsibility regarding their work but they can almost always influence there manager's decisions regarding office related issues. There is no real career path for the secretary in TSA, which is a big frustration for the secretaries. Because there is a not a definite career path and no distinction between for example a junior secretary, secretary, senior secretary etc, some secretaries tend to be over and others under utilised. The nature of the secretary's work can determine that a secretary is more involved with aspects such as project management, budgeting and scheduling. These secretaries do not get the recognition they deserve and is still on the same level as all the other secretaries in TSA. The secretaries in TSA is equipped with the write training, development and experience to fulfil work with more authority and responsibility. The role of the secretary in TSA will definitely change in future. Both managers and secretaries see the role of the secretary to be changed to that of a personal assistant with the necessary authority and responsibility to handle lower level management work. The secretary will have more decision power in the execution of the Technikon's policy and procedures an better utilised.
- Full Text:
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