The effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners
- Authors: Westermann, Lizl
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:53:15Z
- Subjects: Knee wounds and injuries , Running injuries , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7131 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3723
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was based on determining the effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners, to establish which the most effective treatment protocol was. The treatment protocols included: Chiropractic adjustive therapy delivered to the lumbar spine and pelvis, knee, and foot and ankle; dry needling and ultrasound applied to the affected iliotibial band; and a combination of these. All three treatment protocols included a rehabilitative stretching/strengthening program. Thirty participants were recruited and randomly divided into three groups of ten participants each. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 55 years and selected based on the inclusion criteria being met. Group one received Chiropractic adjustive therapy and rehabilitative exercises. Group two received dry needling and ultrasound, as well as rehabilitative exercises. Group three received a combination of Chiropractic adjustive therapy, dry needling, ultrasound, and rehabilitative exercises. Each participant received six treatment visits over a period of three weeks (twice per week). Measurements were taken on the first, third, and sixth visits. A case history, full physical examination, and regional examinations of the lumbar spine, pelvis, knee, foot and ankle were conducted at the first visit. Objective measurements included pressure algometer readings of two iliotibial band trigger points. Subjective measurements included the Visual Analogue Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The statistical data was analysed using the Friedman test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated overall that all three groups responded favourably to their specific treatment protocols. However, no v statistically significant differences were noted between the groups therefore indicating that all three groups commenced the study with similar pain scores and pain threshold levels and all three treatment protocols were equally effective in treating iliotibial band friction syndrome. In conclusion, it can be assumed that Chiropractic treatment would be the first choice of treatment, as it is a cost-effective, non-invasive treatment that is not too timely, and above all delivers good results.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Westermann, Lizl
- Date: 2011-06-22T10:53:15Z
- Subjects: Knee wounds and injuries , Running injuries , Chiropractic treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7131 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3723
- Description: M.Tech. , This study was based on determining the effects of three different conservative treatment protocols in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in long distance runners, to establish which the most effective treatment protocol was. The treatment protocols included: Chiropractic adjustive therapy delivered to the lumbar spine and pelvis, knee, and foot and ankle; dry needling and ultrasound applied to the affected iliotibial band; and a combination of these. All three treatment protocols included a rehabilitative stretching/strengthening program. Thirty participants were recruited and randomly divided into three groups of ten participants each. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 55 years and selected based on the inclusion criteria being met. Group one received Chiropractic adjustive therapy and rehabilitative exercises. Group two received dry needling and ultrasound, as well as rehabilitative exercises. Group three received a combination of Chiropractic adjustive therapy, dry needling, ultrasound, and rehabilitative exercises. Each participant received six treatment visits over a period of three weeks (twice per week). Measurements were taken on the first, third, and sixth visits. A case history, full physical examination, and regional examinations of the lumbar spine, pelvis, knee, foot and ankle were conducted at the first visit. Objective measurements included pressure algometer readings of two iliotibial band trigger points. Subjective measurements included the Visual Analogue Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The statistical data was analysed using the Friedman test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated overall that all three groups responded favourably to their specific treatment protocols. However, no v statistically significant differences were noted between the groups therefore indicating that all three groups commenced the study with similar pain scores and pain threshold levels and all three treatment protocols were equally effective in treating iliotibial band friction syndrome. In conclusion, it can be assumed that Chiropractic treatment would be the first choice of treatment, as it is a cost-effective, non-invasive treatment that is not too timely, and above all delivers good results.
- Full Text:
The effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and the combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain
- Authors: Maboe, Mmapula Elizabeth
- Date: 2011-09-13T09:15:51Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment of neck pain , Alternative treatment of chronic pain , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3832
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and a combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain. Forty-five patients were recruited via posters and advertisements from in and around the University of Johannesburg. The participants had to present with bilateral neck pain, decreased range of motion and an active levator scapulae muscles trigger point, which was diagnosed using range of motion and trigger point examination. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups of fifteen participants each. Prior to treatment a full case history, physical examination and cervical regional examination were performed to ensure that the patients were eligible to partake in the clinical trial. Group 1 was the adjusting group; group 2 was the combination group while group 3 was the needling group. Participants were treated five times over a period of three weeks. The objective measurements used in this clinical trial involved a cervical range of motion instrument (C.R.O.M., Performance Attainment Associates) and an algometer (Wagner Instruments). Subjective measurements were achieved using the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Appendix G) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (Appendix H). Each measurement was taken prior to treatment on the first and third visits and after treatment on the fifth visit with three measurements per participant overall. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests to compare data. The results indicated that the three groups responded favourably to their respective treatments. Overall, this study has indicated that dry needling of the Levator scapulae muscle provides no statistically significant contribution to the conservative treatment of mechanical neck pain caused by levator scapulae trigger points.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Maboe, Mmapula Elizabeth
- Date: 2011-09-13T09:15:51Z
- Subjects: Chiropractic treatment of neck pain , Alternative treatment of chronic pain , Acupuncture
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3832
- Description: M.Tech. , The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cervical adjustment therapy, dry needling of the levator scapulae muscle and a combination of the two in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain. Forty-five patients were recruited via posters and advertisements from in and around the University of Johannesburg. The participants had to present with bilateral neck pain, decreased range of motion and an active levator scapulae muscles trigger point, which was diagnosed using range of motion and trigger point examination. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups of fifteen participants each. Prior to treatment a full case history, physical examination and cervical regional examination were performed to ensure that the patients were eligible to partake in the clinical trial. Group 1 was the adjusting group; group 2 was the combination group while group 3 was the needling group. Participants were treated five times over a period of three weeks. The objective measurements used in this clinical trial involved a cervical range of motion instrument (C.R.O.M., Performance Attainment Associates) and an algometer (Wagner Instruments). Subjective measurements were achieved using the Neck Pain and Disability Index (Appendix G) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (Appendix H). Each measurement was taken prior to treatment on the first and third visits and after treatment on the fifth visit with three measurements per participant overall. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests to compare data. The results indicated that the three groups responded favourably to their respective treatments. Overall, this study has indicated that dry needling of the Levator scapulae muscle provides no statistically significant contribution to the conservative treatment of mechanical neck pain caused by levator scapulae trigger points.
- Full Text:
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