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The application of holistic risk management in the banking industry

  • Authors: Chibayambuya, John
  • Date: 2008-05-12T13:21:21Z
  • Subjects: Bank management , Risk management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:7049 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/357
  • Description: The banking industry in South Africa is facing three main challenges, namely: continuous change, foreign competition, and increasing levels of risk. These problems flow mainly from cultural diversity, globalisation, and rapid technological development in systems and communication. Decreasing predictability stems to a great extent from a lack of foreknowledge of how globalisation will develop, and how it can influence the South African banking industry in general and holistic risk management (HRM) in particular. Management of the South African banking industry therefore need to rely on crucial intelligence and foreknowledge concerning events, trends and development of (HRM) that affect the profitability and future strategic viability of the whole South African banking industry. At the onset various concepts and processes were emphasised in this study, namely operational risk management, strategic risk management, the risk management culture in the banking industry, the role of risk management in the banking industry, the role of risk management process in the banking industry, corporate governance in the banking industry in South Africa. However, the main purpose of this study was to explore the need and the dynamics of managing risk in the banking industry in a holistic manner. To this end the development of, and trends in (HRM) as part of good corporate governance in the banking industry were researched and documented. The practical aspect of the study was firstly based on the definition and analysis of different categories of risk in the banking industry. The definition and analysis was done in order to cover a broader range of risks the banking industry is facing. Secondly the risk management culture in the banking industry was investigated. Thirdly the role of risk management in the banking industry was explored in detail. Fourthly the risk management process in the banking industry was investigated and explained. Fifthly the link between risk management and corporate governance was explored. Sixthly models developed by Kloman (2000), Lam (2003) and Regester and Larkin (2005) were used as a benchmark to develop a framework for the management of holistic risk in the banking industry. It was concluded that in view of the need in the South African banking industry for a structured means of managing risk holistically, and in view of HRM constituting such a process, there is relevance for the implementation of HRM in the four big banks of the South African banking industry. However, small and unlisted banks do not manage HRM as suggested by the HRM framework. In this regard a number of recommendations were made with respect to managing HRM proactively. A framework based on empirical research and earlier work by Kloman (2000), Lam (2003) and Regester and Larkin (2005) was furthermore suggested for the implementation of HRM in the South African banking industry in the belief that this framework, and the overall research reported in this study could be of theoretical as well as practical value for risk managers in the South African banking industry. , Dr. D. J. Theron (UJ) Dr. T. P. v/d Walt (ABSA)
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IT Project risk management in the financial sector: an exploratory study

  • Authors: Mbokane, Stuart Ezrom
  • Date: 2008-06-12T11:01:21Z
  • Subjects: Risk management
  • Type: Mini-Dissertation
  • Identifier: uj:2739 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/617
  • Description: This study investigates project risk management in information technology (IT) environment. The intention is to identify factors that will improve project success in the financial sector. To understand IT project success, project risk management in the financial sector is investigated. All projects have risks associated with them. Many IT projects fail because of uncertainty. In most projects, project risk management is seen as the add-on in the project management processes. This means that it is not been given full attention or being regarded as an important factor in project management. The lack of proper project risk management contributes to the failure of IT projects according to the findings of this study. To successfully implement the risk management plans, guidelines need to be in place. To bring the guidelines closer to the hearts of IT project managers, a detailed step-by-step guide was followed by this study. The study also points out the many benefits both the client and the project manager can achieve by virtually using project risk management processes. Qualitative and quantitative analysis will be done to help achieve the best benefits and clear understanding that will prevent project failures in IT. Project risk analysis and management has so many benefits if used correctly. Both the financial sector and their customers reap great benefits. Senior management in particular will not run the risk of sponsoring failing projects. Prevention is often the least costly and most reliable strategy for dealing with risk, particularly in situation where the impact is high. , Professor N. Lessing
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Information security risk management in the South African small, medium and micro enterprise environment

  • Authors: Van Niekerk, Liesel
  • Date: 2008-07-07T09:33:28Z
  • Subjects: Small business , Risk management , Computer security management , Information technology security measures
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:10248 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/761
  • Description: The small, medium and micro enterprise (SMME) environment of South Africa contributes 42% to the national gross domestic product. This is a high number for a largely under-regulated environment. The corporate governance and IT governance standards that apply to South African companies are not feasible for SMMEs, and neither are they enforced, although 80% of failures of SMMEs are attributable to lack of enterprise management skill. The first objective of this dissertation is to examine the South African SMME, and in so doing determine whether local regulatory standards can be used for this unique enterprise formation. The second objective of this dissertation is to determine whether international methodologies for information security risk management, as an inclusive of IT governance, may be used in the unique local SMME formation. The result of these two objectives creates a gap in a typical information security risk management methodology that is suitable for the South African regulatory and economic environment for SMMEs. A model has been created as a possible answer for filling the gap. The dissertation includes the Peculium Model, which answers the regulatory and economic requirements that resulted from the second objective. The Model allows the small enterprise a simple but effective method for managing risks to its information assets, with the control of corporate governance and IT governance included in its framework. The Model answers the methods for identifying and assessing risk in a tradition-based but feasible new qualitative technique. , Labuschagne, L., Prof.
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Risk management in sport at selected secondary schools

  • Authors: Young, Marie Elizabeth Magdalena
  • Date: 2008-10-27T06:42:25Z
  • Subjects: Risk management , School sports management , School sports law and legislation , Sports injuries
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:13420 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1343
  • Description: M.Phil. , South Africa’s re-admission into international sport has contributed to the increase in the number of participants in sport in the country. Government also aims to promote and deliver programmes to develop sport at all levels of participation. The bodies responsible for these programmes are also responsible for policy development in sport on national and local level but not for the development of policies in sport at secondary school level. It is the responsibility of the Department of Education and related bodies for sport at school level such as USSASA. Sport participation at secondary school level could lead to potential injuries or permanent disabilities. The South African Constitution (Act 108 of 1996) does not focus on the management of sport or risks within school sport as it does not deal with specific issues or social activities but only provides a broad framework regulating all social activities including sport. Safety in school sport becomes part of risk management and not enough emphasis is placed on minimising the risks of injuries and law suits against the management of schools or sport managers, coaches or administrators. The problem is thus to identify and assess current practices that are related to the management of school sport in order to recommend guidelines for policy, procedures and practices for risk management in sport at secondary schools in Gauteng. Out of a population of 450 secondary schools, a sample of n=170 schools were drawn. Only 37 questionnaires were returned, but the results obtained still provided meaningful insights with regard to the management of risks in sport. In evaluating current risks management practises through descriptive statistical methods the conclusion could be reached that in general sport managers are aware of the legal responsibility towards participants in sport and that there is a perceived need to enhance certain legal liability aspects at secondary schools. , Prof. C. Singh
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Enterprise risk management as a business enabler in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality

  • Authors: Makoro, Lekhahla Joseph
  • Date: 2010-11-09T06:59:10Z
  • Subjects: Risk management , Local government , Johannesburg Metropolitan Council , Johannesburg (South Africa)
  • Type: Mini-Dissertation
  • Identifier: uj:6971 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3479
  • Description: M.Comm. , This exploratory study investigated how the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality (“the City”) can optimise enterprise risk management as a business enabler. In this regard, the study explored the definition of enterprise risk management and the objectives for enterprise risk management within the City. The alignment of the risk management process with the objectives of enterprise risk management and the governance (accountability and responsibility) structures for enterprise risk management given various municipal Acts were also investigated. Qualitative research was used in the study. Data was collected by means of a two-part questionnaire comprising of open-ended and close-ended questions. In order to ensure the validity and reliability, open-ended and close-ended questions were self-administered at different stages. The units of coding which are linked to the secondary objectives of the study were used to analyse the data. The results of the study showed that the City defines risk as a threat, enterprise risk management as managing threats to service delivery, and that there is no overall objective for enterprise risk management. Although the risk management process supports the objectives of enterprise risk management, it is not fully embedded and is in early stages of maturity. The study found that appropriate governance (accountability and responsibility) structures are in place. However these governance structures are ineffective in evaluating the effectiveness of enterprise risk management as such enterprise risk management is not evaluated in terms of the achievement of the service delivery objectives. The study also revealed that there is limited understanding of enterprise risk management amongst individuals who have the accountability and responsibility for it. This results in enterprise risk management being not optimised as a business enabler.
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The use of cell captives to manage financial risks

  • Authors: Bakker, Daniel
  • Date: 2010-11-22T07:55:04Z
  • Subjects: Risk management , Finance
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:7007 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3515
  • Description: M.Comm. , Every modern-day company is faced with challenges on a daily basis to improve its performance. This challenge stretches further than the financial target that is received from the shareholders every year and boils right down to the day to day operations of a company. How does the company perform according to the market, does the company have a uniqueness that will allow for a competitive advantage, how can costs be reduced in order to create value in terms of shareholders and how to stay the blueprint company with its competitors seen as followers. The objective of this study is to determine the effect that financial risk management in terms of a cell captive insurance facility has on a company, especially the financial side and ultimately to provide a framework on the implementation of a cell captive insurance facility. A cell captive insurance facility stems from the self insurance principle and is tailored to a unique product offered by various insurance companies. It enables a company to insure its frequent losses at a lower premium than the insurance market and all surpluses resulting from the Captive can be regarded as profit to the owner of the captive or used to lower the following year's contribution. In order to obtain a Cell Captive's insurance facility, a company must purchase shares in an insurance company, known as a sponsor, and hereby receive certain insurance amenities. The captive that is now formed enables a company to insure all business related activities against possible risks with a further extension of the definition 'business related activities'. Due to the unlikely event to completely self insure, with regards to the cost implication and bearing the size of the captive in mind to cover all possible financial losses, an underwritten agreement between the cell captive owner and the sponsor insurance company should cater for all catastrophic risks which protects the captive from collapsing, due to a massive loss. With the creation of a cell captive insurance facility, the owner of the captive can extend on all its business related activities and offer insurance products to its employees and clients, with a reasonably reduce rate compared to the insurance market. The success of theses products can be so-good that the financial impact on the captive proofs the products to be self-reliant and even generates an income for the cell captive insurance facility. As a result of the objective to implement effective risk management via a cell captive insurance facility and to create profit by doing so, the results of the Vodacom Group was used in order to emphasize the successfulness of a cell captive insurance facility. Vodacom Group saved or rather refer to the term as "created" a net underwriting profit that amounts to R 3,385,275 in the first three months by using its Cell Captive Insurance Facility. Thats more than enough to prove the financial gain, but the company also benefited from the fact that it now has the ability to educate its managers and their management styles. The captive can no act as the focal point of the Group's risk management effort, by focusing the minds of senior management on the causes of claims and means to combat that.
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The alignment of organisational strategy and risk appetite in the financial services industry

  • Authors: Schikker, Sijbren
  • Date: 2011-10-03T07:50:53Z
  • Subjects: Srategic planning , Risk management , Financial services industry
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:7226 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3863
  • Description: M.Comm. , This study concerns itself with the concepts of strategy, risk management and risk appetite. Strategy and risk management play a very important role in any business, but it is very difficult to determine the interrelationship between strategy and risk. There is no scientific/academic proof and there is no model or framework on what the alignment between an organisation’s strategy and risk appetite is. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a risk appetite model to align an organisation’s strategy and risk management, so that management will be able to improve its decision-making. The research design is based on a qualitative evaluation of the various literature concepts on strategy, risk management and risk appetite. Furthermore, personal interviews were held with senior risk, strategy and financial managers in the South African financial services industry to test the risk appetite model and determine the relevance and robustness of the risk appetite model. The main findings of this study revealed that: • to take full advantage of business opportunities, risk management and strategy cannot operate independently in any organisation; they must be integrated or at least linked with one another; • risk appetite is an important concept on its own, but is even more crucial as the link between risk management and strategy; • most financial services organisations assume that there is a link between risk management, strategy and risk appetite but that there is no formal process or framework available to link the three concepts; • effective risk management enables financial services organisations to achieve a competitive advantage, which is achieved by optimising risks and rewards; and • organisations that probably will withstand future crises are those with appropriate enterprise risk management practices in place where risk and strategy are linked with each other; and the risk appetite model can play an important role in achieving this goal. ii The main conclusion is that the risk appetite model is the formal framework to integrate risk management with strategy, because the model: • takes a holistic view to risk management; • allows all employees at all levels to understand risk appetite because it is quantitative and not too mathematical; • utilises risk appetite as the “gel” to link strategy and risk management; • allows for measured decision-making and proper governing; • allows organisations to be proactive in their risk management; • takes the upside and downside of risk into consideration; • gives strategic direction to the business; and • addresses all the important steps to integrate risk management, risk appetite and strategy. Lastly, for the risk appetite model to be successful it is essential to: • have buy-in from everyone in the organisation; • have the right governance in place to ensure the effective implementation and communication of the organisation’s risk appetite; and • continuously monitor the organisation’s risk appetite.
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The determination of the important risks in the management of a bank

  • Authors: Du Preez, Markus
  • Date: 2011-11-30
  • Subjects: Bank management , Risk management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:1762 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4116
  • Description: M.Comm. , The aim of this study was to take a closer look at the modem financial institutions of the world and to determine what adverse conditions these companies face. Banks are some of the strongest organisations in a country, and the banking sector is a major employer. Yet, the risks faced by banks are enormous, and without the prudent and responsible management of these risks banks can find themselves in severe trouble. Recent situations in the South African banking sector underpin this, as several of the small banks in the country went into judicial management or were put out of business because they failed to meet their liquidity requirements. Risk management in banking is one of the most important tasks in the institution. Regardless of the division or type of operation, banks face certain risks. In this study, the researcher looked at the risks described in the literature as the main risks found in the banking environment. Solvency, liquidity, credit, price and operating risks are the risks most commonly discussed in the literature on banking risks. Although the five main risks constitute a serious threat to a bank each in its own right, each risk can be subdivided based on the likelihood of the risk materialising. The researcher therefore subdivided each major risk into subrisks. The question was then posed: Are there any similarities between these risks? The researcher developed a model whereby risks are categorised according to the attributes they have in common. The study classified the risks into the categories of market, credit and other risks. The objective in classifYing known banking risks is to assist the risk management team in a bank to manage similar risks in a similar way. Instead of focussing on each major risk and its multitude of subcategories individually, it is easier to manag~ a set of risks according to their similarities. Furthermore, the researcher wanted to determine which all the banking risks discussed would be universal in the danger they hold to any banking operation or any division operating within a bank. The question was posed: What are the classical risks in banking that would without a doubt lead to bank failure ifleft unmanaged? Liquidity, solvency and credit risks were the risks identified as critical in any banking operation and the risks that history has shown to be most detrimental to the future viability of any bank. Finally, the study looked at the management of these three classical risks from the perspective of determining policy and strategy. The study drew form literature, personal observation and the input of risk and bank management professionals to highlight some ofthe most important elements in credit, solvency and liquidity management.
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A case study in industrial risk management

  • Authors: Raubenheimer, Pieter Jacobus
  • Date: 2011-12-06
  • Subjects: Risk management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:1853 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4210
  • Description: M.Ing. , This dissertation focuses on an industrial risk management case study, which aims to illustrate how the risks involved in a new project have to be identified, approached and managed. The aim of this dissertation is therefore to act as an example of modem risk management theory and implementation in an industrial engineering environment. The first part of the dissertation focuses on the theoretical background of risk management. It starts by giving the history of risk after which a definition of risk is concluded from a variety of text books. The history of risk shows how risk developed through the ages and evolved into a way of making sure that the right strategic decisions are taken. The following chapters focus on the frameworks that have been developed by different international parties to structure the risk management process. The financial environment is also highlighted as an industry in which risk has been developed to help companies tremendously in making investment decisions. Although there are fundamental differences between risk management in the industrial and financial environment, there are however a few similarities. One aspect that can be taken from the financial environment and be implemented in the industrial environment is the fact that risk management has to be done according to a fixed structure or framework. A short literature case study shows how businesses made crucial mistakes in the past, and how implementing modem risk management techniques can rectify these mistakes. A big part of risk management is not only the qualitative analysis, but also in the quantitative analysis, which was ignored in the literature case study. The theory behind these quantitative techniques is highlighted as the last theoretical background before the second part of the dissertation focuses on the risk involved in the expansion project of an oil refinery. After the theoretical background of the expansion project is given as an introduction to the case study, the quantitative analysis for the expansion project is done. Through A Case Study in Industrial Risk Management 2 the quantitative analysis, the high risks involved in the project are highlighted more clearly and numbers or figures will indicate how realistic the objectives of the project are. By monitoring and controlling these critical project variables through the project life cycle, the chances of achieving the project results are greatly increased.
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A risk management system for the international services marketing division of a financial institution

  • Authors: Swanepoel, André Pieter
  • Date: 2011-12-06
  • Subjects: ABSA Bank , Risk management , Financial institutions management
  • Type: Mini-Dissertation
  • Identifier: uj:1856 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4213
  • Description: M.Comm. , The International Banking division of Absa has an administrative as well as a sales aspect forming the basis of services delivered to the banking customer. For the administrative aspect a risk management system along with audit methodology have been implemented whilst for the Sales aspect no control procedure have been applied at all. The purpose of this dissertation therefore was to put forward a risk management system which could be applied to the International Services Marketing division of a Financial Institution like Absa. This was achieved by performing a literature study of risk management applied in the financial industry in order to identify relevant risks and relating it to the International Banking division and its sales process to design an adequate risk management system. The system was designed and implemented with relative ease although sceptism contrived to some teething problems. However, in a joint effort to mitigate risk all obstacles in the application of the system were removed, resulting in a successful risk and control analysis being performed along with implementing risk management plans. The system has been applied in the local as well as several African financial industries with great success in mitigating risk relevant to the International Banking Sales divisions of the financial institutions. The emphasis is now on implementation in more developed (western) financial industries where Absa has several subsidiaries as well as the design of audit methodology for the relevant divisions.
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Controlling risk in a town house development : a case study

  • Authors: Gordon-Watt, Matthew
  • Date: 2011-12-06
  • Subjects: Loss control , Risk management , Risk assessment , Project management , Housing development , Real estate development
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:1857 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4214
  • Description: M.Ing. , As the title of the dissertation implies, 'control' and 'risk' are the core issues regarding the dissertation. The approach by which a property development company manages these two issues are the focal points. The primary research objective was to draw conclusions from feedback obtained via a property developer and compare the findings to its literature counterpart. Expanding on the primary objective one aimed to determine commonalties and differences (case study and literature) and derive logical explanations for those differences. The second research objective was a by-product from the first. That being if the property developer is controlling his risk in the best manner possible given the inherent restrictions, in other words is the system efficient. It was evident that control measures and ways to identify and manage risk were put in place by the developer. Most of the literature theory corresponds with that of the property developer. Elements of risk were noted via analysis of the results. One way of increasing the efficiency of the system would be to increase the focus/resources in the evaluation/planning phase. In turn by improving the control mechanisms it may be possible to improve the systems efficiency. Risk can not be eliminated in its entirety - it is part and parcel of any business, particularly that of property development. Risk and control are therefore critical elements in any business. Understanding the core issues surrounding those elements can only prove beneficial to a company's success. Furthermore, the dissertation raised important issues that may be addressed in future research. Issues that may be followed up on in future research include and are not limited to the following: • Analysis of control and risk management' methods on a broader scale, in terms of a larger survey population. • Investigate and analyze the efficiency of a property development company/companies. • Expand on various risk issues: - return on investment, the market, project site, the project, the process, the organization and contingency. • Expand on various control measures: - tools (charts, schedules etc.), communication.
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Risk management in banking : a theoretical overview

The mitigation of financial risk associated with capital projects

'n Ondersoek na alternatiewe metodes van kredietrisikoverskansing in die staalbedryf

  • Authors: Van der Walt, Johanna Cornelia
  • Date: 2011-12-07
  • Subjects: Risk management , Steel industry and trade
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:1858 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4215
  • Description: M.Comm. , Many companies, especially in the steel industry, are today required to dedicate much of their time to managing the risks they are faced with. Risk can be defined as the uncertainty or probability of the potential deviation from the expected or the norm. Risk management therefore encompasses all activities undertaken by management, which seek to reduce either the probability of a potential deviation and/or the quantum of the potential deviation. The risk management process is therefore aimed at ensuring that the steel company will deliver to its shareholders the earnings that are expected of them. In order to avoid these potential risks, the steel company has to make sure that the clients that the company are doing business with have the ability and willingness to pay their accounts. There is a very thin line between choosing potential clients and the sales that will be gained from dealing with these debtors, and the risk that these debtors has for the steel company. It is therefore important to categorize the debtors into different risk profiles. After the category of risk is identified, the steel company has to choose between different credit insurance methods to cover risks. The methods that are currently available in the steel industry are rigid, and are costing the company money, that could have been invested elsewhere in the company. It is therefore important to look at alternative methods to either avoid the risks or cover the risks. It depends on the type of client the company is doing business with. The clients can be classified as A, B, C or D risk profile. The composition of the debtors book in terms of risk profiles will be the criteria for choosing a method for credit insurance.
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An integrated systems approach to risk management within a technology-driven industry, using the design structure matrix and fuzzy logic

  • Authors: Barkhuizen, W.F. , Pretorius, J.H.C. , Pretorius, L.
  • Date: 2012
  • Subjects: Fuzzy logic thinking , Risk management
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:4661 , ISSN 2224-7890 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10034
  • Description: Risk interactions exist within a system and its sub-systems, between functional and physical elements in various dimensions such as spatial interaction, information exchange, material transfer, and energy exchange. These interactions are of a multi-dimensional complexity, and thus are not sufficiently interpreted using conventional management tools. Alternative system representation and analysis techniques are proposed – in particular the design structure matrix (DSM) and fuzzy logic thinking – to quantify the risk management effort necessary to deal with uncertain and imprecise interactions. A cement grinding plant case study is used to elaborate on the risk management methodology
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An assessment of Peoples Bank Business' service to SMME's sponsored by the Khula Indemnity Scheme

  • Authors: Bredenkamp, Monique
  • Date: 2012-01-16
  • Subjects: Small business , Small business finance , Banks and banking , Risk management , Commercial credit
  • Type: Mini-Dissertation
  • Identifier: uj:1910 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4271
  • Description: M.Comm. , South Africa's Minister of Trade and Industry, Alec Irwin, stated that "one of the most striking features of the South African economy is the underdevelopment of small and medium enterprises" (Polkinghorne, 2001). A lack of sufficient capital and credit is often a major handicap to the development of SMMEs, particularly in their early growth stages. The growth and development .ofthe small, medium and micro enterprise (SMME) sector is acknowledged by most interest groups and policy-makers as being of critical importance to South Africa's ability to address the serious problems of unemployment. The South African government suggests that the SMME sector -with the help of government support -is capable of fulfilling these obj ectives and has introduced a number of supply-side measures to promote the formerly neglected sector. The overall objective is "to create an enabling environment" and "to level the playing field" (South Africa, 1995) in terms of national, regional and local policy frameworks for SMME development. Khula Enterprise Finance Ltd. was established in 1996 in terms of a Department of Trade and Industry (DT!) initiative and provides access to credit to SMMEs through various delivery mechanisms. One of these delivery mechanisms is a scheme that was created to assist SMMEs to access finance from traditional financial intermediaries by providing guarantees on a risksharing basis. Khula Enterprise Finance Ltd. has assisted in delivering almost 103 000 loans, credit guarantees and other facilities to SMMEs since the agency started operating in 1996. The total value of the loans and guarantees exceeds R550 million (Martins, 2001). ii However, Khula Enterprise Finance Ltd. has to contend with intermediaries applying its programmes -banks that are not renowned for their spirit of adventure, and welfare-oriented service organisations that lack business acumen (Khula: Some business ... , 2002: 53). The perception among the general population in South Africa is that most banks have neither the capacity nor the will to actively and creatively manage SMME loans to South Africa's emerging markets -"emerging" meaning political customers who have not been seen as critical in the past, but who are seen as such in the future. In South Africa these are largely people of black African descent (Polkinghorne, 2001). The target of Peoples Bank Business includes previously disadvantaged communities such as black persons, women and the disabled. Additionally, clients are assisted with venture capital or loans to fund start-up businesses. Emphasis is placed on assistance to the community in addition to traditional criteria such as bottom-line results. This study attempted to assess the service provided by Peoples Bank Business to clients sponsored by the Khula Indemnity Scheme. This study did not attempt to provide solutions to problems experienced, but rather to identify the deficiencies/gaps in service as experienced by clients of Peoples Bank Business.
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A systems approach to the management of demand risk in commercial property development

  • Authors: Javangwe, Wilson Matsika Isheunesu
  • Date: 2012-02-06
  • Subjects: Commercial real estate , Real estate development , Real estate investment , Risk management
  • Type: Mini-Dissertation
  • Identifier: uj:2004 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4358
  • Description: M.Ing. , One of the features of institutionalized markets is the concentration of assets in the hands of a few individuals which necessitates the management of not only the risk of individual assets and loans, but more importantly, that of the portfolio and the aggregate risk thereof. Even when individual commercial real estate (CRE) loans are prudently underwritten, concentrations of loans that are similarly affected by cyclical changes in the economy can expose an institution to an unacceptable level of risk if not properly managed. The management of demand risk is of particular importance given that CRE assets are procured on the basis of their income producing ability. The suggestion by various authors has been that supply side issues such as overbuilding are major cause of downside in the real estate market. In this text however the suggestion is that demand side issues; specifically the failure to track and account for demand volatility contributes greatly to overall CRE risk. Analysis of the structure and system of the CRE markets reveals that the system of interdependency amongst the various participants, which determines the overall market outcomes, necessitates a systems approach. The findings of this analysis and systems approach suggests, that perhaps the majority of CRE models currently employed are incorrectly specified as they either fail to account for the multivariate environment or ignore the qualitative aspects of the investment decision totally. Using a systems framework, the author, through a literature review, demonstrates the successful application of both quantitative and qualitative models in modelling a design solution that is informed by the multiple determinants of demand.
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The management, control and implementation of SCADA projects

  • Authors: Jacobs, Kevin Bruce
  • Date: 2012-02-06
  • Subjects: Project management , Supervisory control systems , Automatic data collection systems , Risk management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:2007 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4360
  • Description: M.Ing. , The dissertation covers the establishment of a project from the point of view of a project manager. The document refers to examples where possible to illustrate the actual process through which a project goes during the life-cycle of the project. The first chapter provides an introduction to the context of the project and informs the reader of the type of project which the dissertation discusses. An overview of SCAD A (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems is discussed followed by field hardware to highlight the environment of typical engineering projects in the automation industry. An introduction to project management is discussed to set the context of the dissertation in motion. The second chapter covers the relevant theoretical stages of a project starting from the early stages of defining the project scope through to the project closure. Each of the stages in the project are dissected and considered within the context of a typical SCAD A oriented project. The third chapter is a case study of the "Jwaneng SCADA Project," which is the name assigned to the project from this point onwards. The project illustrates a typical project which an engineering project manager will manage. The project covers the details of the work involved in the project by passing through all the stages involved in an engineering project. Each stage of the project is illustrated by making reference to appendices containing project specific documents. The project is considered from the point of the original development of the project plan through to the completion of the project. This involves extensive controlling and ensuring that the project is running smoothly. These basic principles are illustrated in the document and aim to inform the reader on the successful dissection and implementation of a proper engineering project plan from start to finish.
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A proposed sector wide risk model based on enterprise wide risk management

  • Authors: Buhr, Richard Otto
  • Date: 2012-06-04
  • Subjects: Risk management , Risk assessment , Crisis management
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:2331 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4789
  • Description: D.Ing. , For executive management to guide an enterprise, strategic planning is essential. Using Enterprise Wide Risk Management (EWRM) as an input to Scenario Analysis (SA) for Strategic Planning (SP) allows for improved accuracy over conventional methods. This would allow for greater realism from the executive management perspective of possible outcomes in scenario modelling by providing a solid quantitative base founded on real operational information. Emerging regulatory legislation for corporates also require quantitative risk management in the enterprise for reporting and rating purposes, providing a wealth of information for scenario modelling purposes. From the outset this research focuses on the industrial sectors in South Africa, though the model could be applied to any industry sector internationally. The core of any industrial enterprise is made up of the Operational Support Systems (OSS) that provide the hardware and software infrastructure to operate the business. The smooth operation and efficient handling of any unforeseen events in the OSS impacts the very survival of the en- terprise in a highly competitive environment. The development of an OSS risk management (RM) strategy to provide an efficient and effective way to recognise, classify and mitigate the risks involved in OSS is thus crucial to any enterprise that seeks to remain competitive. To implement this RM strategy and provide information regarding likely loss events, a quantitative risk model is required to simulate different scenarios. This research investigates the development of a Sector Wide Risk Model (SWRM) to simulate stress events in an industry sector and their impact on sector members.
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An approach to risk management in the mining projects environment : a case study

  • Authors: Mndzebele, Andile S.
  • Date: 2012-06-04
  • Subjects: Risk management , Project management , Mining industry , EPCM
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/373617 , uj:2371 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4826
  • Description: M. Phil. , Risk management comprises of risk identification, risk analysis, response planning, monitoring and action planning tasks that are carried out throughout the life cycle of a project in order to ensure that project objectives are met. Risk is a fact of life in all mining type projects. This research dissertation documents the risk management practices of an EPCM company involved in mining projects. Risk analysis techniques are discussed and the author goes deeper to examine what risk means to a project, and how the project team perceive, identify and quantify project risks. This dissertation uses a case study to focus on an EPCM firm‘s approach to risk management in the mining projects environment. This study aims to illustrate how the risks involved in a project have to be identified, controlled and managed. The purpose of this dissertation is therefore to act as an implementation risk management model for the case company and for use in a typical mining projects environment. Risk is an integral part of engineering projects, and it is necessary to manage the risks in order to ensure project success.
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