Comparative study in the performance of bioelectrochemical properties for microbial fuel cells
- Authors: Mphaphuli, Takalani
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Microbial fuel cells , Bioelectrochemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/413163 , uj:34798
- Description: Abstract: A microbial fuel cell is the energy harvesting technology being studied; this technology converts various substrates, water-based organic fuels, and wastewater into electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of microorganism. The research seeks to establish a comparison in the performance of bioelectrochemical properties (BEP) for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The experiment set-up consisted of two identical MFCs; one with 30% PTFE coated carbon cloth and the other with untreated carbon cloth (AvCarb 1071HCB). Type 304 Stainless steel mesh #20 cathode electrode was used and then sectioned to a surface area of 36 cm2. Proton exchange membrane and Nafion membrane both were sectioned to the similar surface area of 36cm2. These membranes were of different thicknesses, that is; Nafion (0.05mm, 0.18mm respectively) and CMI-7000S (0.45mm thickness). The type of MFC used was the double-chamber MFC, which consisted of the anode and cathode chamber. The anode and cathode chamber was immersed in the open water bath regulated at a temperature of 350C. On the start-up, the anode chamber was fed with 800ml of municipality wastewater and 90ml of primary sludge collected from the primary clarifier effluent plant in municipality wastewater treatment plant. On refeeding after seven (7) days, 87.5ml (1/4 of the total solution) was removed and 87.5ml of the fresh wastewater was added at the same time and 100ml of sludge was also loaded on the anode chamber with a residence time of four (4) weeks. The coated anode (30% PTFE carbon cloth) is more efficient in generating power than the untreated anode; however, there is a limitation on the thickness of the membrane. The performance of individual membrane varies significantly with the type and thickness of the membrane and this directly affects the overall performance of MFC. , M.Tech. (Engineering Metallurgy)
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Energy generating performance of domestic wastewater fed sandwich dual-chamber microbial fuel cells
- Authors: Adeniran, Joshua Adeniyi
- Date: 2015-06-26
- Subjects: Waste products as fuel , Water - Purification - Membrane filtration , Water - Purification - Biological treatment , Sewage - Purification - Anaerobic treatment , Microbial fuel cells , Waste heat , Bioreactors
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13627 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13808
- Description: M.Tech. (Civil Engineering) , This study presents work on the design and construction of three dual-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using a sandwich separator electrode assembly (SSEA) and membrane cathode assembly (MCA) for the dual purposes of energy generation from domestic wastewater and wastewater treatment. MFC1 was designed using an improvised SSEA technique (i.e. a separator electrode membrane electrode configuration, SEMEC) by gluing a sandwich of anode, membrane and a mesh current collector cathode to an anode chamber made from a polyethylene wide-mouth bottle. The reactor was filled with 1500 mL of domestic wastewater and operated on a long fed-batch mode with a residence time of 3 weeks. The reactor was inoculated with a mixed culture of bacteria present in the wastewater stream. The aim was to study the impact of wastewater COD concentration on power generation and wastewater treatment efficiency. For MFC2 and MFC 3, cathodes were constructed using the MCA technique consisting of a membrane and a mesh current collector cathode, with the anode electrode at the opposite side of stacked Perspex sections used for the anode chamber. The impact of electrode material on current production was examined in this study. For MFC2 a mesh current collector treated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and activated carbon (AC) functioned as the cathode, while the MFC3 cathode was an uncatalyzed mesh current collector. The two reactors were both filled with 350 mL of domestic wastewater...
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Energy generation from full strength domestic wastewater using a sandwich dual chamber microbial fuel cell with an uncatalyzed mesh current collector cathode
- Authors: Adeniran, J.A. , De Koker, J.J. , Arotiba, O.A. , Van Zyl, E. , Du Plessis, S.
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Microbial fuel cells , Power generation , Mesh current collector cathodes , Wastewater
- Language: english
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/15528 , uj:15671 , Adeniran, J.A. et al. 2015. Energy generation from full strength domestic wastewater using a sandwich dual chamber microbial fuel cell with an uncatalyzed mesh current collector cathode. International journal of green energy
- Description: A sandwich domestic wastewater fed dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was designed for energy generation and wastewater treatment. Power density for the MFC increased with increasing domestic wastewater concentration, reaching a maximum of 251 mW/m2 for full strength wastewater (3400 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD)) at a current density of 0.054 mA/cm2 at an external resistance of 200Ω. These values dropped to 60 mW/m2 (76% lower) and 0.003 mA/cm2 using wastewater 91% diluted to 300 mg/L COD. Maximum removals were: of COD, 89%; nitrite, 60%; nitrate, 77%; total nitrogen, 36%; and phosphate, 26%.
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The performance of varying PTFE coated fabric cloth on electricity production using synthetic wastewater with aid of activated carbon air-cathode
- Authors: Molala, Benny M.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Microbial fuel cells , Polytef , Electric power production from chemical action , Electrochemistry, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/413138 , uj:34794
- Description: M.Tech. (Chemical Engineering) , Abstract: Microbial fuel cell is the energy harvesting technology being studied; this technology concerns various substrates, microbes and wastewater into electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of micro-organisms. The thesis of the project research seeks to establish a comparison in the performance of biochemical properties for microbial fuel cells using synthetic wastewater and activated carbon. The cathode electrode used was a stainless steel pressed with activated carbon and was sectioned to a surface area of 36cm2 same with the proton exchange membrane and the carbon cloths were also sectioned at 36cm2. The experimental set-up consisted of a double chamber membrane which consisted of the anode and air-cathode chamber. The anode and air-cathode chamber were immersed in the open water bath regulated at a temperature of 35oC. On the start-up, the anode chamber was filled with 280ml of synthetic wastewater which was mixed and prepared in the lab to reach the ideal COD levels which meet the raw domestic wastewater COD levels and the air-cathode was filled with 8L of tap water. The anode chamber after every experiment was changed and fitted with a new and different carbon cloth coating, whereby the cathode chamber had to be changed with an addition of the pulverized activated carbon. The 50% PTFE coated carbon cloth is more efficient in generating power than the other which were compared to in the experiment; however the performance of individual carbon cloths varies significantly with the type or percentage of coating added and this directly affects the overall performance of the MFC, and this was highly aided with the addition of the activated carbon. An air-cathode with activated carbon with different particle sizes which was embedded on a stainless steel mesh. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) containing synthetic wastewater was constructed and compared to different types of carbon coated polytetrafluroethylene (PTFEs). The synthetic wastewater contained in MFCs was investigated and together with the aid of activated carbon which was pulverized to different sizes for oxygen removal. The synthetic wastewater MFC had a power output of 86.80mW/m2, compared to 17.47mW/m2 for the domestic wastewater. The limiting current density is 0.0347mA/m2 for the activated carbon in synthetic wastewater compared to 0.0046mA/m2 for domestic wastewater without an...
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