Terapeutiese sisteme binne 'n dwelmkonteks
- Authors: Coetzee, Beatrix Jacqueline
- Date: 2014-03-27
- Subjects: Drug abuse - Treatment , Drug abuse - Treatment - Research - South Africa - Johannesburg , Group psychotherapy - Research - South Africa - Johannesburg , Drug addicts - Rehabilitation - Research - South Africa - Johannesburg
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:4530 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9867
- Description: M.A. (Psychology) , It is generally accepted that the management and treatment of individuals addicted to chemical substances or drugs entail challenges for the professions involved in drug contexts. In this dissertation a number of therapeutic systems in drug contexts are explored in aim of the treatment of people with drug addiction. In the literature survey it is indicated that the manner in which therapeutic intervensions are operationalized in drug treatment practices, are influenced by the organization's theoretical-philosophical orientation with regard to therapeutic treatment modes. This aspect is examined in the study on the basis of a critical discussion of the perspectives of the medical model and an alternative model, namely the adaptive model, concerning the therapeutic management of people addicted to drugs. It is further established from the literature that people with drug addiction problems are often treated within the boundaries of a therapeutic community and that various therapeutic interventions, namely individual psychotherapy, family therapy and group therapy, are also implemented in this therapeutic context. The present study specifically concentrates on an alternative approach concerning the therapeutic modes of treatment for individuals with drug addiction. One such an approach, as discussed in this study, entails that therapeutic approaches regarding people addicted to drugs, progress from a causal-theoretical manner of defining these people (for instance the view that individuals addicted to drugs have a progressive disease and that they are unable to take responsibility for their behaviour) to an approach based on the principles of interactional therapy and motivational milieu therapy {for instance the idea that such individuals have the ability to conduct their interpersonal relationships
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The development and evaluation of an integrated Christian psychological secondary treatment model for substance abusers
- Authors: Freemantle, Marlene Gerna.
- Date: 2014-01-14
- Subjects: Psychology and religion , Psychology, Religious , Evidence-based psychiatry , Substance abuse - Treatment , Drug abuse - Treatment , Christianity - Psychology , Spirituality - Psychological aspects
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7906 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8797
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology) , Research shows a consistent increase in substance abuse. Research further states that recovery is a long-term process and that relapse rates are high. Substance abuse has a devastating effect on all dimensions of an abuser's life. Substance abuse research primarily focuses on primary care intervention. This study focuses on secondary phase treatment because of the long-term nature of the disease. Research indicates that a holistic integrated treatment, using a bio-psychosocial spiritual approach, may yield the best treatment outcome. Many treatment models acknowledge the spiritual aspect of substance abuse, but overlook the value of focusing on the spiritual aspect to effect holistic improvement. This study proposes that such a focus, when part of an integrated treatment model, may augment treatment outcome. The researcher set out to develop and evaluate an integrated Christian psychological secondary phase treatment model for substance abusers. The theoretical framework of this study integrates aspects of contemporary models, existing models and a Christian treatment model. Integrative psychotherapy produces treatment models that are more complete and result in more effective treatment. Five treatment components were systematically integrated to form a meta model. These components comprised: contemporary psychological models, professionally developed models, a Christian model, the psychology of religion and Christian psychology. The Christian belief of the study participants was included as the fifth component. This resulted in the development of a Christian-based psychological model that was applied and evaluated for its potential to promote recovery, prevent relapse and maintain abstinence. The developed model consisted of three phases: assessment, intervention and evaluation...
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The therapist as selfobject within a drug rehabilitation programme
- Authors: Ingle, Susan Therese
- Date: 2014-04-10
- Subjects: Drug abuse - Treatment , Psychotherapist and patient , Drug addicts - Rehabilitation
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:10579 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10103
- Description: M.A. (Clinical Psychology) , The present study investigates a modus operandi for doing therapy with the sedative-hypnotic/opiate drug abuser with borderline or narcissistic tendencies. Definitions of the latter are based on the work by Kernberg and Kohut respectively. Unstable patterns of attachment in infancy and childhood are thought to contribute to a sense of lack or deficit in the drug abuser. This lack or insufricient structuralisation is associated with compulsive dependency on an external obj ect , in this case, the sedative-hypnotic or opiate drug. In order to wean the drug abuser off his drug, it is proposed that, initially, the therapist needs to take over the function of the drug which is to act as a sUbstitute for psychic structure. In other words, the therapist becomes a self-object for the drug abuser until such time as he is sUfficiently structuralised and relatively tree ot the compulsion to drug. The nature of the selt-object' transference and the therapist's role therein are explored in this thesis.
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Substance abuse among adolescents in the Limpopo province
- Authors: Rikhotso, Tinyiko Nelly
- Date: 2014-05-13
- Subjects: Substance abuse - Treatment , Drug abuse - Treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11013 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10586
- Description: M.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing) , Globally, the use of substances which seem to be harmful in all life dimensions appear to be an alarming problem. Recent studies indicate that the use and abuse of these substances is more prevalent among adolescents than any other age group. This is so because there are enormous changes to the physical, psychological and social dimensions at this stage. The use of these substances is a daily occurrence and reality for many people. However, for some individuals, the use of drugs can become overwhelming and be the focus of their lives and their existence. Among all abused substances, alcohol remains the dominant substance of abuse across sites. In South Africa too, adolescents abuse substances than other age groups. Substance abuse is commonly observed among adolescents who dropped out of school before completion of matric, those who completed matric but failed to go for tertiary education due to financial constraints, and those who are already in tertiary institutions thus making it difficult for them to complete their careers. Adding up on alcohol as commonly used substances are marijuana and hallucinogens. Some contributing factors of adolescent substance abuse have been identified as family environment factors, conflicting parental monitoring, peer group influence, psychiatric conditions and attention. To explore this problem of adolescents, the researcher conducted a study on the life stories of adolescents who abuse substances. The objectives of the study were to:- -Explore and describe the life stories of adolescents who abuse substances. -Describe the guidelines for advanced psychiatric nurses to facilitate the mental health of adolescents who abuse substances. This study was undertaken within the framework of Caplan's model of health promotion and prevention of illness based on the resources of community mental health care (Kaplan & Sadock 2003:1376). A qualitative, explorative and descriptive research design was used to answer the research questions. In depth, semi-structured phenomenological interviews were conducted with adolescents who met the sample criteria. Steps were taken throughout the research to ensure trustworthiness. Data analysis was done according to (Cresswell 1994:155) Tech's model. The results of this study indicate that adolescents abuse substances in certain behaviours which lead to substance abuse, face challenges in the physical, social and psychological dimensions. However, positive feelings of determination and courage to quit the substance abuse behaviour are also expressed. Conclusions were drawn and recommendation made concerning psychiatric nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
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'n Korttermyn behandelingsprogram vir chemies-afhanklike persone in 'n terapeutiese gemeenskap
- Authors: Sartor, Ronelle
- Date: 2014-07-31
- Subjects: Drug abuse - Treatment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11957 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11684
- Description: M.A.(Social Work) , In South Africa very few facilities exist for the treatment of chemical substance dependency, and-many chemically dependent persons who, because of work and family commitments cannot admit themselves to a long-term inpatient government or registered treatment facility, are deprived of an opportunity to receive appropriate treatment for their condition. Riverfield Lodge, a private treatment centre, was designed and built to meet the need for a shorter-term intensive inpatient treatment programme for individuals and their families whose physical, psychological and social functioning, and work performance have become impaired as a result of their abuse of psychoactive chemical substances. Realizing the responsibility to be accountable both to the clients served and to the funding agents of this project, the need for an accountable empirically-based treatment programme which can be used at Riverfield Lodge was identified. This study was undertaken with the aim to develop a short-term treatment programme for chemically dependent persons in a therapeutic community, based on research findings and a literature study of already existing intervention strategies (social technology) and treatment programmes. This study is undertaken within the practice-research paradigma- - a new perspective which calls for social workers to adopt systematic research procedures to shape, direct and monitor their practice activities (in this case the treatment of chemically dependent persons), and (since theultimate aim of this study is to design new social technology) Development research, a relatively new research model 'that was designed by Edwin Thomas, is used as research design. In order to ascertain whether the treatment of chemically dependent persons is necessary and successful, and to identify and determine which treatment methods are most effective when treating chemical substance dependency, vailable literature on the treatment of chemical substance dependency was studied. Based on the finding of this investigation, a short-term treatment programme was designed. Although this programme was designed on request of the Management of Riverfield Lodge, it can also be adapted and used by any other praciitioners who render treatment services to persons who are addicted to chemical substances. The Riverfield Lodge treatment programme takes an holistic approach to treating the individual, rather than treating the symptoms. Symptomatic treatment of drug dependency is rarely successful, and this treatment programme provides for the' physical restoration, resocialization and psychological integration of the dependent individual and those close to him. It entails improvement in physical and social functioning, self image, self esteem, interpersonal relationships, positive family interaction and productivity, the establishment and attainment of realistic life goals, and a healthy lifestyle adjustment without chemical substances. Treatment at Riverfield Lodge will be rendered in a therapeutic community, and medical treatment, individual psychotherapy and social work intervention, group work, behaviour modification, occupational therapy and family therapy will be used as treatment methods. The importance of continuing, prolonged aftercare is emphasized, and post-discharge support services and follow-up counselling will be provided. Based on research findings it is recommended that, although a general treatment programme has been developed, it is imperative to assess every patient individually to determine which combination of the available forms of treatment methods are best suited in the case concerned. It is likely that in the individual suffering from chemical substance dependence, a number of interacting predisposing and precipitating factors have been at work to produce the condition which itself in turn produces physical, psychological, emotional and social changes. For these reasons it is unlikely that one and the same method of treatment would be effective for every individual case. Finally it is emphasised that the treatment of chemical substance dependency is not the prerogative or the responsibility of one profession. The multi-dimensional nature of this social problem necessitates the participation of a multi-disciplinary team of trained and skilled professionals in the treatment process. In addition the dependents family and friend, his employer and colleagues and other support systems have to work in close co-operation with the multi-professional team to achieve the best possible results. This short term, twenty eight day inpatient treatment programme will hopefully offer an extensive and comprehensive foundation for recovery from chemical substance dependence, and combined with long term aftercare treatment programmes, it is expected to make a significant contribution to the alcohol and drug treatment field in South Africa.
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