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The perception and knowledge of chiropractic among senior students in the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Johannesburg

The effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation of cervicogenic headache in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises

  • Authors: Anderson, Michael Drew
  • Date: 2014-05-08
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Headache - Chiropractic treatment
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:10987 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10560
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Cervicogenic Headache is a common musculoskeletal disorder afflicting people worldwide. It causes decreased productivity and mild to severe disability and thus has a large socio-economic impact on society. Much research is needed to improve the successful management of patients afflicted with this disorder. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of spinal manipulation alone and spinal manipulation in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises in the treatment of cervicogenic headache. Thirty eligible participants conforming to the North American Cervicogenic Headache Society classification of cervicogenic headache were solicited and randomly assigned to two groups of fifteen. Group 1 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine. Group 2 received spinal manipulative therapy to the full spine as well as cervical stabilization exercises. Patients were treated eight times over a four-week period with a six-week follow-up consultation thereafter. Objective and subjective measurements were taken at. the first, fourth, eighth and six-week follow-up consultations. Objective measurements consisted of cervical spine range of motion measurements. Subjective measures consisted of the Vernon-Mior neck pain and disability index and the numerical pain rating scale. Both groups displayed numerical improvements in all cervical spine ranges of motion. Both groups had statistically significant improvements in cervical spine right lateral flexion, while group 1 only had a statistically significant improvement in cervical spine left lateral flexion. Both groups displayed statistically significant improvements in the subjective measures. However, neither group had a statistically significant improvement over the other. It can be concluded that neither spinal manipulative therapy nor spinal manipulative therapy in conjunction with cervical stabilization exercises is more effective than the other. Thus rehabilitation of the cervicogenic headache patient yielded no measurable added benefit to spinal manipulative therapy only. However, results indicate that if more rigid or complex application of cervical spine stability training is incorporated, superior results may be achieved.
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Comparing rib cervical and thoracic chiropractic adjustments versus adjustments alone on the quality of life of the adult asthmatic

A survey on the use, benefit and level of training in joint manipulation by veterinarians in Johannesburg, South Africa

  • Authors: Batty, Dylan Johnson
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic , Veterinarians
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/292857 , uj:31832
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: To determine whether veterinarians in South Africa are using joint manipulation as part of their treatment protocol, seeing positive results from this treatment approach, and to determine if these veterinarians have received some level of training, if any, in joint manipulation therapy. This study may demonstrate, if joint manipulation is seen as beneficial, that there may be an interest in a veterinary chiropractic programme to be introduced in South Africa. Method: A survey was personally distributed to 30 veterinarians practicing in Johannesburg, with the researcher attempting to include practices from all around the city. The veterinarians were contacted in advance to ensure they would be willing to participate. The survey was anonymous, so that the answers could not be traced back to the participants. The statistical service at the University of Johannesburg (STATKON) assisted with data analysis. Results: The results of this study have shown that most veterinarians in Johannesburg are not using joint manipulation to treat their patients. Some veterinarians are using forms of joint manipulation to either diagnose or treat their patients, and to great effect, however these techniques seem to be limited by a lack of training. Most of the participants who claimed to be using joint manipulation were using these techniques to diagnose orthopaedic conditions in patients, as opposed to using these techniques as a form of treatment. When joint manipulation was used as a treatment or diagnostically, it was beneficial most of the time, and veterinarians generally were positive about its use. Conclusion: Joint manipulation was seen as a useful tool in veterinary practice, and it was implied that if more veterinarians were exposed to these techniques, they would be used more often in practice. The positive view on joint manipulation seen throughout this study may indicate that if a facility for training in veterinary chiropractic were established in South Africa, there would be plenty of interest.
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The effect of chiropractic manipulative therapy of the tibiotalar joint on endurance of the triceps surae muscle

The immediate effect of spinal manipulative therapy on movement time

  • Authors: Berry, Hannah Morna
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Motor ability , Chiropractic
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/124354 , uj:20906
  • Description: Abstract: Aim: The primary aim of this study was to explore the immediate effect that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) had on a predefined motor task by measuring the time it took to complete a motor task in asymptomatic individuals, or by assessing the movement time (MT). Movement time is measured using Fitts’ Law. This study also focused on assessing if there was any specific region receiving spinal manipulative therapy that yielded greater results. Method: A total of 100 participants volunteered for this study. There were 52 female participants and 48 male participants that were selected. The participants were between the ages of 18 and 40 years of age. The participants were screened by means of an inclusion and exclusion criteria and those who were eligible, were invited to take part in the study. The participants were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 groups. Each group therefore consisted of 25 participants. Group 1 was the combination group and received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacroiliac regions. Group 2 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the cervical spine only. Group 3 received SMT to dysfunctional vertebral segments located within the thoracic region and the 4th and final group received SMT to dysfunctional segments located within the lumbar and or sacroiliac regions. Procedure: Due to the nature of the study design, the participants were only required for a single treatment. The participants were required to complete two objective tests, namely the Fitts’ Tapping Task (FTT) and the Generalised Fitts’ Law Model Builder (GFLMB), before any treatment was administered. The researcher then manipulated the dysfunctional vertebral segments that was assessed via motion palpation to the various regions according to each participant’s specific group. The participants were then required to redo the two tests immediately again following treatment... , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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The effect of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers

  • Authors: Berry, Rebecca Ann
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Spinal adjustment , Chiropractic , Rowers - Health and hygiene , Muscle strength
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226655 , uj:22922
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of lumbar-pelvic spinal manipulative therapy on power output in rowers. Method: Thirty participants, both males and females, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were separated into two groups of fifteen. Both groups had an equal ratio of eight males and seven females. Group one received spinal manipulative therapy to the lumbar-pelvic region where motion restrictions were located. Group one received three treatments per week for two weeks. Group two did not receive any treatment for the duration of the research study. Both Groups one and two underwent the same data capturing at the first, fourth and seventh consultation. Data capturing consisted of a range of motion assessment while the participant was seated on the ergometer and holding on the handle bar. Flexion and extension of the lumbar-pelvic region were both measured with full extension of the knees. Following range of motion assessment, the average watts was measured by each participant completing a 1000 meter ergometer trial, maintaining the stroke rate between 22 and 24 strokes per minute. Results: The study revealed no statistical significance with intergroup analysis for both the digital inclinometer and ergometer. Intragroup group analysis of Group one revealed a statistically significant increase in power output between the first and fourth consult and between the fourth and seventh consultation. Intragroup analysis of the range of motion data for Group one as well as range of motion and ergometer data for Group two revealed no statistical significance. An overall clinical analysis for the two groups revealed that Group one, the group receiving spinal manipulative therapy, made a drastic improvement in both the range of motion and power output. Group two remained at a relatively plateau level for both range of motion and power output. Conclusion: Although the study revealed no statistical significance when comparing the groups to one another, there was a significant improvement in the power output of Group one, the group that received spinal manipulative therapy. Group one increased in flexion, extension as well as average power output. Group two had a minimal decrease in flexion and extension and a minimal increase in power output. In order to make a definitive conclusion on the effect of spinal manipulative therapy on power output, further research is needed.
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A case series describing the effect of thoracic manipulation on qEEG

  • Authors: Bhamjee, Saeedah
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Electroencephalography , Relaxation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/268677 , uj:28524
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the effect of chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine on brain quantitative electro encephalogram (qEEG) readings. Method: A descriptive design following a case series approach was used to record changes in qEEG readings before and after a chiropractic manipulation. The study took place at the University of Johannesburg’s Doornfontein campus, in the Chiropractic clinic. The study comprised of 10 participants with thoracic motion restrictions. The brainwave activity of each participant was measured and recorded using the qEEG. A pre- manipulation reading was taken, which comprised of the measurement of the participants’ brain wave activity with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed. A post-manipulation reading was taken immediately after, also measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. Thirty minutes later a second post manipulation reading was taken, measured with eyes open and then eyes closed. The data was converted into mean values of the brain waves, delta, theta, alpha and beta. The results were analysed and described to find the relationship between the manipulation and the different areas of the brain with its associated brain wave activity. Results: Changes of particular interest were found across all three lobes. Alpha and delta wave changes in the parietal lobe were indicative of a relaxed and reflective state in participants. Changes in the delta and beta waves in the temporal and frontal lobe also showed the manipulations potential to increase the relaxed state in participants. Although, it should be noted that throughout the trial participants were in lying down in a quiet and un-stimulatory environment, which may also have contributed to the changes demonstrated. Conclusion: This study fully describes 10 participants and the manipulation effect on qEEG. Based on the results, chiropractic manipulation of the thoracic spine does have an effect on qEEG readings. However the motivation behind the results remain inconclusive. A larger group of participants are needed and the variables need to be more controlled to make a definite conclusion and allow for statistical analysis.
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The effect of chiropractic manipulation of the hip and sacroiliac joint on acceleration and sprinting time of male rugby players that present with a positive modified Thomas test

A comparative study of soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy versus Chiropractic manipulative and mobilization therapy, or a combination of both treatments in the treatment of acute Achilles Tendinitis

  • Authors: Borowsky, Wayne Alan
  • Date: 2012-09-10
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics)
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:9921 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7320
  • Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, controlled pilot study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy, versus chiropractic manipulation and mobilization therapy, or a combination of the aforementioned therapeutic protocols in the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis. In executing the comparison, it was hypothesized that both treatment protocols would be effective, but the combined therapy would be the most effective for the treatment of acute Achilles tendinitis, as this treatment protocol focused not only on the symptomatic pathological area entailing the Achilles tendon in this case, but also focused on the entire kinetic chain which perhaps was contributing to the pathomec.hanics in turn causing Achilles tendinitis. It is hoped that this combined therapy will be more effective in terms of a more speedy recovery and long term effect. This will not only benefit the patient from the point of view of health and quality of life, but financially as well, as less consultation fees will have to be paid. Patients were recruited for the study by the use of advertisements in newspapers and posters, or from patients entering the Technikon Witwatersrand Chiropractic Day Clinic complaining of Achilles pain. Only those forty-five patients who conformed to the specified delimitations and diagnostic criteria were accepted. These patients were randomly placed into three groups of fifteen patients each. Group one received chiropractic manipulative and mobilisation therapy and group two received soft tissue therapy and ultrasound therapy. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Each patient received eight treatments over a three week period, ie. three treatments in weeks one and two, and two treatments in week three. After the treatment period there was a month break from the treatment and a follow-up consultation at the end of this month. This follow-up period was used to determine the lasting effects of the treatment protocol. The subjective data was collected with the use of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The objective data was obtained from readings on the digital inclinometer, showing the extent of the ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, as well as from muscle activity levels in the triceps surae complex, recorded with the use of electromyography. Depending on normality being reached, both parametric testing and non-parametric tests were used to analyse the data. These tests were conducted on a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that all three treatments were in treating acute Achilles tendinitis. Treatment received by group one caused a generalized increase in EMG muscle activity levels specifically in the triceps surae, where as group two and group threes' treatment protocols caused an overall decrease in EMG muscle activity levels in the triceps surae. Group one showed the greatest improvement achieved in ankle range of motion in both dorsiflexion and plantarflexion throughout the study. And group one and group three showed the most significant response to treatment in terms of 100% reduction of pain and return to activity. Overall it was deduced that chiropractic manipulative and mobilization therapy were very effective in creating an increase in range of motion of the ankle joint as well as causing a significant improvement in reduction of pain in the Achilles tendon. It was noted that soft tissue therapy was beneficial in certain cases in terms of causing a relaxation in the triceps surae, as well as clearing any scar (fibrin) tissue found in the Achilles tendon. In summary group three showed the best response to treatment carried out in the study. The therapy used in group three not only directly treats the pathological injured-,Achilles tendon and associated triceps surae, but also the kinetic chain, thereby correcting any biomechanical dysfunction that could potentially be the cause of tension overload in the Achilles tendon.
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A study to compare the effect of lumbar spine adjustments, rectus femoris muscle stretches and a combination of both treatments on the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscles

  • Authors: Boshoff, Anèe
  • Date: 2012-03-27
  • Subjects: Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Chiropractic , Lumbar vertebrae treatment
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:2193 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4584
  • Description: M.Tech. , This unblinded, randomised pilot study was performed to determine and compare the effect of innervation specific lumbar spine adjustments and stretching on the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscles in asymptomatic subjects. Twelve asymptomatic subjects between the ages of 20 and 30 years were recruited by the use of advertisements placed around the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus. The inclusion criteria required that the patient had decreased rectus femoris muscle flexibility (testing positive on the rectus femoris contracture test) and no history of, or any current osteoarthritis or pathology of the hips or knees. The patients were randomly placed into one of three groups by drawing a group number from a closed bag. Group 1 consisted of four subjects receiving a single lumbar spine adjustment per treatment relating to the most restricted segment in the L2-L4 area as well as bilateral proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) of the rectus femoris muscles; Group 2 consisted of four subjects receiving bilateral rectus femoris muscle stretches (PNF); and Group 3 consisted of four subjects who received a single lumbar spine adjustment at the L2-L4 area to the most restricted segment found. One adjustment per treatment was performed. With the subject in the rectus femoris contracture test position, a goniometer was used to measure the knee range of motion bilaterally before and after treatments. These measurements were used as objective data. Each subject was treated twelve times over a four to six week period. The objective results indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in rectus femoris muscle flexibility in both Group 1 and Group 3. In conclusion, it was shown that specific adjustments at the spinal level of the nerve innervation for the rectus femoris muscle resulted in an improvement of the flexibility of the rectus femoris muscle and with a greater effect on the leg ipsilateral to the side of the spinal adjustment. This gives support for the effectiveness of innervation specific spinal adjustments.
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A secondary analysis of the prevalence and risk factors associated with the chiropractic and complementary medicine students at the University of Johannesburg

  • Authors: Botha, Christell
  • Date: 2021
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Musculoskeletal system , University of Johannesburg - Students
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/476625 , uj:43037
  • Description: Abstract: Background Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most prevalent occupational health issues among healthcare workers. Recent studies conducted at the University of Johannesburg aimed determine the prevalence and related occupational risk factors of musculoskeletal disorder in undergraduate health science students in the Chiropractic and Complementary Medicine departments at the University of Johannesburg. Aim This research aimed to conduct a secondary analysis of a study done by Cartwright (2020) on the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders in Chiropractic and Complementary Medicine students in the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Johannesburg. Methodology The methodology for this study was a cross-sectional descriptive and comparative study utilising data from previous studies from the University of Johannesburg. A total of 179 chiropractic and 73 complementary medicine students completed the questionnaires. Results and discussion The risk factors proven to be statistically significant for each region were, the course of study (p=0.001), quality of the seated position (p=0.01), repetitive motions in practical classes (p=0.038), hours per week studying at home (p=0.011), and moving patients (p=0.023), for neck pain. The shoulder pain’s risk factors were practicing chiropractic manipulations (p=0.015) and lifting heavy equipment with the back or knees (p=0.02). Upper back pain’s risk factors were gender (p=0.011), the course of study (p=0.001), and quality of the seated position (p=0.02). The elbow pain’s risk factors were repetitive movements in practical classes (p=0.036) and walking as a form of exercise (p=0.003). Hand and wrist pain’s risk factors were the course of study (p=0.03), treating a patient (p=0.042), and location of study (p=0.003). Low back pain’s risk factors were the year of study (p=0.042), quality of the seated position (p=0.006), mostly done , M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
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Chiropractic Manipulative Therapy of the Thoracic Spine in Combination with Stretch and Strengthening Exercises, in Improving Postural Kyphosis in Woman

  • Authors: Branco, Kim Castelo , Moodley, M.
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Exercises , Flexicurve® ruler
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214912 , uj:21340 , Citation: Branco, K.C & Moodley, M. 2016. Chiropractic Manipulative Therapy of the Thoracic Spine in Combination with Stretch and Strengthening Exercises, in Improving Postural Kyphosis in Woman.
  • Description: Abstract: Purpose: This study serves to determine the effectiveness of either chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine or stretch and strengthening exercises (stretching the pectoralis major muscle and strengthening the rhomboid, middle and inferior trapezius muscles) versus the combined treatment of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine in conjunction with stretch and strengthening exercises. Method: A randomised study design with thirty female participants between the ages of twenty and thirty nine was selected. Group 1 (n= 10) received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine. Group 2 (n = 10) received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine as well as stretch and strengthening exercises i.e. stretching the pectoralis major muscles and strengthening the rhomboid, middle and inferior trapezius muscles. Group 3 (n = 10) received stretch and strengthening exercises. The stretch and strengthening exercises were performed in the consultation rooms to ensure that the participants were complying with the treatment and doing the exercises properly. The study consisted of seven consultations for group 1 (they received treatment once a week for six weeks) and for groups 2 and 3 there were nineteen consultations (they received three treatments a week for six weeks). Objective data was recorded at the beginning of the first, fourth and seventh consultations for group 1, and the first, tenth and nineteenth consultations for groups 2 and 3. On the seventh consultation (for group 1) and nineteenth consultation for groups 2 and 3, only data collection was done. Objective data were obtained by using the Flexicurve® Ruler measurements for the angle of kyphosis. Visual analysis was done by taking lateral (sagittal) view photographs at the beginning of the initial and final consultations...
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The effects of chiropractic treatment on patients' quality of life

  • Authors: Bruckner, Rene
  • Date: 2012-08-16
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Quality of life
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:9507 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5936
  • Description: M.Tech. , The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic care has an effect on a patient's quality of life using the endpoints of: "the ability to perform general activities of daily living" (patient's level of disability, and restored function) and their "general emotional state" (energy level, depression, interference from emotional problems and feeling of wellness), also how these endpoints affect quality of life. Two hundred and fifty-three subjects participated in this study. The inclusion requirements were that subjects had to be aged 20 — 60, having been under chiropractic care previously. The subjects were recruited from 14 private practices from the whole of South Africa. All subjects were required to complete a self administered quality of life questionnaire. The quality of life questionnaire was developed to suit the South African population. Each questionnaire took about 5 minutes to complete. Domains used to calculate the results were changes in aerobic activity, physical activity, hygiene, activities of daily living and emotional state, after chiropractic care compared to before chiropractic care. The results overall showed that subjects experienced an improvement in their quality of life after chiropractic care. Chiropractic care therefore, had a beneficial effect on patients' quality of life. The overall results were statistically significant. The researcher therefore concludes that chiropractic care has an effect on patients' quality of life. It is recommended that future studies / research utilize a more comprehensively developed research questionnaire
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Investigating the effects of chiropractic manipulative therapy in power output over a one kilometer distance in asymptomatic amateur cyclists

  • Authors: Coetzee, Marius
  • Date: 2015-07-15
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Manipulation (Therapeutics) , Cycling - Physiological aspects
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:13778 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14043
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Background: Sport as a whole, and especially cycling, has become a major part of the majority of the world population’s daily lives. There have been several studies done to determine the effects of chiropractic treatment on individual muscle groups (Maris, 2003; Sher, 2002). However, very few studies have been done to look at the combined effects of chiropractic on the performance of specific sports. Objective: To investigate the effects of chiropractic manipulative therapy on power output over a one kilometer distance in asymptomatic amateur cyclists. Method: The study consisted of 30 participants. All participants accepted had to meet the inclusion criteria. They were equally and randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received chiropractic therapy of the lumbar spine. Group 2 received chiropractic therapy of the sacroiliac joint whilst participants in Group 3 received no immediate intervention as they were the control group. Participants in Group 1 and 2 were motion palpated to determine the level of spinal dysfunction. All three groups then cycled on a stationary bike for a one kilometer sprint. Allocated treatment for Group 1 and Group 2 then followed, with Group 3 receiving no intervention. Objective measurements consisted of average power output as well as time over the one kilometer distance from start to finish. Results: Both test groups showed significant clinical as well as statistical improvement over the six week clinical study period. This means that as the average power output measurements increased, the time decreased for both Group 1 and Group 2. Although there were some degree of increased power output and decrease in time of Group 3, it was not significant enough to say that they had increased performance. Conclusion: Chiropractic manipulative therapy did cause an increase in average power output in asymptomatic amateur cyclists over a one kilometer distance.
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Chiropractic adjustive therapy on sprint time and vertical jump height in rugby players

  • Authors: Conradie, Érnsl
  • Date: 2014-04-01
  • Subjects: Muscles - Motility , Chiropractic , Spinal adjustment , Rugby football - Physiological aspects , Rugby football players - Health and hygiene
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:4566 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9914
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Objective: To determine the effect of chiropractic adjustive therapy to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints on performance indicators such as sprint times and vertical jump height in asymptomatic, moderate-to-highly-active rugby players. Any dysfunction in the spine can affect biomechanics; neurological functioning of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, as well as the surrounding muscles, and can therefore decrease performance. Methods: The study involved 60 asymptomatic male participants who were moderate-to-highly-active individuals as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The 60 participants were divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n=30) received chiropractic adjustments to the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and the control group (n=30) rested for five minutes. The study design was based on the once-off model. The objective data used in the study was obtained by the vertical jump height test and the 30-metre sprint speed test. These tests were used to test the participants‟ explosive power and speed, and were obtained before and after the intervention. The immediate effect was obtained by comparing the measurements of the performance indicators before and after the intervention. Results: The objective results showed that there were improvements in vertical jump height for both the forwards and the backs (rugby players) in the experimental group. Following the chiropractic adjustment, the forwards increased their vertical jump heights by 0.007m (0.5050m-0.4980m) and the backs by 0.017m (0.5245m-0.5075m). In the control group, the forwards jumped 0.01m (0.5071m-0.4971m) lower than before the five-minute rest, and the backs jumped 0.0053m higher (0.5396m-0.5343m). In the sprint speed test, both the forwards and the backs in both the experimental and the control groups performed better when they completed the indicators after the interventions. The forwards in the experimental group ran 0.146s (4.8050s-4.6590s) faster, while the backs ran 0.1055s (4.6040s-4.4985s) faster. In the control group, the forwards ran 0.1358s (5.0329s-4.8971s) faster, while the backs ran 0.0474s (4.6961s-4.6487s) faster. vii Conclusion: In the experimental group, the results demonstrated performance improvements in both the vertical jump height test and the sprint speed test for the forwards as well as the backs. In the control group, the backs performed better in the vertical jump height and the sprint speed test, while the forwards in the control group performed better in the vertical jump height test and worse in the sprint speed test. The improvements in the experimental group occurred for both the forwards and the backs, and were greater than for the control group. It can therefore be suggested that the improvements noted were as a result of the chiropractic adjustments having provided a biomechanical advantage.
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The effect of sacroiliac chiropractic adjustments on innominate angles

The efficacy of conducting heat through a needle to alleviate post-needling soreness

  • Authors: Dampier, Donielle
  • Date: 2014-04-02
  • Subjects: Chiropractic , Pain - Treatment , Acupuncture , Thermotherapy
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:4623 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9966
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is often seen in clinical practice as a cause for pain. It is characterized as a dull ache to a burning pain that can cause referral of pain to other areas of the body (Travell and Simons, 1999). One method used to treat this, is by dry-needling therapy (DNT). DNT has proved to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain, but it has shown to cause post needling soreness. This soreness discourages many patients from receiving further dry-needling or treatment (Kamanli et al. 2005). Ways to help alleviate post-soreness are heat, stretching, ultrasound and application of pressure (Fleckenstein et al. 2010). All these modalities are done after the needle has been removed. This then adds an extra modality to the treatment as well as increased treatment time; therefore these modalities are often skipped by practitioners (Hong, 1994). Another factor to look at is that many of these modalities have not been researched objectively for effectiveness on relieving the post-needling soreness (Kamanli et al. 2005). Using a moxi cigar, placed on top of the acupuncture needle whilst inserted into the active trigger point is a way in which heat as a modality to treat post-needling soreness can be combined into the needling time. Aim of study: The aim was to investigate if heat conduction using a moxi cigar is an effective modality in alleviating post-needling soreness when treating myofascial pain syndrome with DNT. Methodology: The trial comprised of 90 participants divided randomly into three equal groups. Group 1 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle only. Group 2 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, with the addition of the burning moxi cigar to conduct heat through the acupuncture needle to the trigger point. Group 3 received DNT of active trigger point 1 of the trapezius muscle, followed by 5 minutes of ultrasound therapy over the acupoint. Each participant was treated once with readings being recorded pre-treatment, post-treatment and then final readings were taken 24 hours post-treatment. Subjective data was in the form of a numerical pain scale questionnaire and a pain diary. Objective data was CROM and algometer readings. Data analysis: data collected by the researcher was analyzed with the help of a statistician at STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. After consultation, it was concluded that results would be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene’s test for equal variances. For all objective data collected, parametric testing would be used on objective data. The parametric tests used were: One way Anova and Post Hoc test. For subjective data, non-parametric testing was used on subjective data namely: Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon-signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusion: Based on the results, clinically, the study showed that dry needling with the addition of ultrasound or moxibustion, as a treatment for post-needling soreness did appear to have better results. The use of these two added modalities did ease post-needling soreness which for many patients is the reason they don’t wish to receive further dry-needling treatment. When using moxibustion the post-needling soreness is eased. This added treatment can be used during the dry needling and does not require additional treatment time for the practitioner or for the patient. To conclude, the efficacy of using a moxibustion to alleviate post-needling soreness has been seen clinically. This treatment can be used with minimal addition treatment time and could be used in clinical practice.
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The effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis

  • Authors: De Bruyn, Cornelius Johannes
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Chronic Sinusitis , Ultrasound , Chiropractic
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/227125 , uj:22979 , Citation: De Bruyn, C.J. 2017. The effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis.
  • Description: Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis. Method: Thirty participants who suffered from chronic sinusitis as indicated by the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, participated in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Group 1 received upper cervical manipulative therapy. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses as well as upper cervical manipulative therapy. The study consisted of seven consultations over a three week period, with intervention on the first six consultations and subjective as well as objective data obtained occurred at the first, fourth and seventh consultations. The intervention period for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any restriction in the upper cervical spine. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of both cervical manipulative therapy as well as ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Results: The subjective data had a positive average improvement of 74.9 % for Group 1, 68.9 % for Group 2 and 73 % for Group 3. The objective data had a positive average improvement of 34 % for Group 1, 21.9 % for Group 2 and 29.1 % for Group 3. Conclusion: This research thus proved that ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof did benefit participants with chronic sinusitis. Participants had to receive all six treatments to experience a significant difference in their signs and symptoms. This research further proved that no treatment protocol was more beneficial than another for the treatment of chronic sinusitis. Therefore, depending on practitioner’s preference of a treatment protocol, all individuals will still benefit from the three treatments tested.
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The effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis

  • Authors: De Bruyn, Cornelius Johannes
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Sinusitis - Chiropractic treatment , Spinal adjustment , Cervical vertebrae , Ultrasonics in medicine , Chiropractic
  • Language: English
  • Type: Masters (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/226484 , uj:22900
  • Description: M.Tech. (Chiropractic) , Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof on chronic sinusitis. Method: Thirty participants who suffered from chronic sinusitis as indicated by the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, participated in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Group 1 received upper cervical manipulative therapy. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses as well as upper cervical manipulative therapy. The study consisted of seven consultations over a three week period, with intervention on the first six consultations and subjective as well as objective data obtained at the first, fourth and seventh consultations. The intervention for Group 1 consisted of motion palpation of any restriction in the upper cervical spine. Diversified chiropractic techniques were used by the researcher to manipulate the restricted segment. Group 2 received ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses and Group 3 received a combination of both cervical manipulative therapy as well as ultrasound therapy on the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Results: The subjective data had a positive average improvement of 74.9 % for Group 1, 68.9 % for Group 2 and 73 % for Group 3. The objective data had a positive average improvement of 34 % for Group 1, 21.9 % for Group 2 and 29.1 % for Group 3. Conclusion: This research thus proved that ultrasound therapy and upper cervical manipulative therapy as well as the combination thereof did benefit participants with chronic sinusitis. Participants had to receive all six treatments to experience a significant difference in their signs and symptoms...
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