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Gerber–Shiu function in a class of delayed and perturbed risk model with dependence

  • Authors: Adékambi, Franck , Takouda, Essodina
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Ruin theory , Delay renewal risk process , Renewal equation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415898 , uj:35159 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: , This paper considers the risk model perturbed by a diffusion process with a time delay in the arrival of the first two claims and takes into account dependence between claim amounts and the claim inter-occurrence times. Assuming that the time arrival of the first claim follows a generalized mixed equilibrium distribution, we derive the integro-differential Equations of the Gerber–Shiu function and its defective renewal equations. For the situation where claim amounts follow exponential distribution, we provide an explicit expression of the Gerber–Shiu function. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the ruin probability.
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Wetlands for wastewater treatment and subsequent recycling of treated effluent : a review

  • Authors: Almuktar, Suhad. , Abed, Suhail N. , Scholz, Miklas
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Constructed reed bed , Phytoremediation , Pollution control
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/279717 , uj:30044 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: Due to water scarcity challenges around the world, it is essential to think about nonconventional water resources to address the increased demand in clean fresh water. Environmental and public health problems may result from insufficient provision of sanitation and wastewater disposal facilities. Because of this, wastewater treatment and recycling methods will be vital to provide sufficient fresh water in the coming decades, since water resources are limited and more than 70% of water is consumed for irrigation purposes. Therefore, the application of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation has much potential, especially when incorporating the reuse of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous, which are essential for plant production...
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Variables influencing provincial government’s role to manage the interface between environmental protection and economic development : considerations to improve sustainable development in South Africa

  • Authors: Auriacombe, Christelle J. , Vyas-Doorgapersad, Shikha
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Economic Development , Environmental Protection , Sustainable Development
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/395917 , uj:32850 , Citation: , DOI: DOI//http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v16i2.1
  • Description: Abstract: The article aims to highlight the nature, content and scope of continental and subnational sustainability priorities, with reference to specific perspectives of environmental and economic development, agriculture, food security, energy, health, water and sanitation. As such, subnational governments need to devise sustainable strategies to manage these demands in an efficient manner. As a methodological approach, the authors conducted a desktop analysis of applicable literature and official documents to conceptualise and contextualise the area of investigation. The data collection sources for the desktop analysis included global authoritative books, articles, as well as regulatory, policy and strategy documents in South African context. The methodological approach included unobtrusive research techniques. When studying social behaviour, unobtrusive research techniques encourage contextual and conceptual analysis, while helping to remove bias. Research results highlight the challenging nature of designing and implementing environmental programmes, policies and strategies in South Africa. This is due to inadequate human capacity, chronic resource shortages and inadequate intergovernmental coordination,...
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Cybercrime and the double-edged sword of state survelliance in South Africa

  • Authors: Desai, Ashwin
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Cybercrime , Surveillance , Liberty holdings
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291288 , uj:31629 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: This article uses the recent cyber attack on one of South Africa’s largest financial institutions Liberty Holdings as an entry point to illustrate the challenge of cybercrime for the boardrooms of big capital in South Africa. This breach reinforces arguments raised for enhancing the state’s capacity to police cybercrime. Against this backdrop, the article reflects on the debate around the policing of cybercrime in South Africa, highlighting arguments that the way in which the state attempts to deal with this growing problem has also created fears of the emergence of a surveillance state with unfettered powers lodged in intelligence agencies. This debate has been sharpened by recent exposés of the corruption seemingly endemic to South African intelligence services, revelations that some of its leading personnel were gerrymandered to settle internal battles within the ruling African National Congress (ANC), and more shocking, the allegation that a key agency tasked with providing IT to the country’s entire public service might have been captured by one supplier.
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Impact of effective management of natural disaster for Africa’s development

  • Authors: Edoun, Emmanuel Innocents , Azibo, Balgah Roland , Mbohwa, Charles
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Natural disasters , Formal and informal responses , African development , Multi-sector framework
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/91737 , uj:20139 , Citation: , Citation: Edoun, E.I., Azibo, B.R. & Mbohwa, C. 2016. Impact of effective management of natural disaster for Africa’s development.
  • Description: Abstract: The escalation of natural disasters in the last two decades or so and their devastating effects on developing countries in general and Africa in particular, has been frequently mentioned in the topical literature. Devastating impacts in African and other developing countries have often been attributed to failure of formal (state and market) institutions for risk management, frequent in these countries. While the predominance of informal response mechanisms has been acknowledged in these countries, they are presumed to disintegrate in the face of covariate shocks. This paper argues that an overly ambitious emphasis on states and markets and a negligence of the role of informal, socially embedded institutions in the effective management of natural disasters is grossly responsible for the negative effects of natural disasters and their perverse implications on Africa’s development. A multi-sector framework that can be used for modeling natural disaster management in Africa which has the potential of reducing the negative consequences of disasters is suggested. This is based on the premise that natural shocks must be perceived as social phenomena that are best managed with the participation of those involved. Empirical evidence is included, and the implications of a multi-stakeholder approach to managing disasters to enhance development in Africa are discussed.
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Enhancing productivity through simulation and layout planning : a case study of a manufacturing company in South Africa

  • Authors: Lehlake, Stephen Katlego , Muyengwa, Goodwell , Mawane, Yvonie N.
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Optimization , imulation , Modelling
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceeding
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/290739 , uj:31567 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: This paper aims to optimize a manufacturing process through creation of a simulation model that will be used to identify bottlenecks, restructure the layout and improve productivity. The paper also highlights the significance of process optimization in a manufacturing set up. Process optimizations strive to find the best solution for a process within the available constraints. Simulation is a collection of methodologies used to mimic the characteristics and behaviour of real system using computer software. Literature review was carried out to understand system dynamics and simulation. A case study was conducted at a manufacturing company. An Arena simulation model representing the process under study was developed and analysed. Various models were run and the results compared. The best model was developed that improved productivity through restructuring of the layout and minimization of the cycle times on the identified bottleneck stations. The simulation results showed that there was a vast difference on the amount of material input and the ATMs and Safes produced. The limitation of this study was that it only focused on the production of two products in the case studied company.
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Sustainability management and tourism impacts on communities : residents’ attitudes in Maun and Tshabong, Botswana

Reasons for non-compliance with quality standards at primary healthcare clinics in Ekurhuleni, South Africa

  • Authors: Mogakwe, Lebuile J. , Ally, Hafisa , Magobe, Nomasonto B.D.
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Reasons , Non-compliance , Quality standards
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415761 , uj:35142 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: , Background: The South African Minister of Health stated that compliance with quality standards in health services is non-negotiable as it is fundamental in improving South Africa’s current poor health outcomes, restoring patient and staff confidence in the public healthcare system, achieving widespread sustainable development and providing basic quality healthcare in South Africa. Non-compliance with quality standards, as evidenced by increased qualityrelated queries from the community, prompted the researcher to explore and describe the reasons for such at primary healthcare clinics in Ekurhuleni. Aim: This study sought to explore and describe the reasons for non-compliance with quality standards at the primary healthcare in Ekurhuleni in order to propose recommendations to facilitate compliance with quality standards. Setting: The study was conducted at primary healthcare clinics in Ekurhuleni, one of the metropolitan districts, situated in an area east of the Gauteng province. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used for this study. Participants were purposefully selected from the population and consisted of individuals who willingly consented to participate. Twelve semi-structured individual interviews were conducted. Results: The study findings revealed challenges with management practices, for example, non-involvement in decision-making, lack of support and poor internal communication practices. In addition, challenges with human, material and financial resources were stated as reasons for non-compliance with quality standards. Conclusion: Recommendations to facilitate compliance with quality standards were described, which included implementation of effective management practices and allocation of adequate healthcare resources required to facilitate such compliance.
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The role of strategic quality planning in continuous improvement efforts (CI) – case of a short-term insurance company in South Africa

  • Authors: Mukwakungu, Sambil Charles , Mbohwa, Charles
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Quality planning , Continuous improvement , Kaizen
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/373525 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/238674 , uj:24496 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: This paper presents findings on the extent of the role quality planning plays in CI efforts aimed at developing competitive advantage at a short-term insurer in South Africa. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed using a 5-points Likert Scale. The study used interviews and a questionnaire aimed at comparing data on current quality planning strategy at this insurer to best practice in the industry, in order to establish the extent to which quality planning is used in the effort to continuously improve customer satisfaction. Findings show that there is a lack of quality planning best practice at the insurer hindering its positioning amongst the top 10 performing short-term insurers in South Africa. Quality is vital in establishing a company as a leader in its industry that satisfy its customer needs beyond their expectations. Quality cannot be stagnant, as customer needs are dynamic. Therefore, quality needs to continuously improve in order to satisfy the ever changing customers’ needs. This paper focuses on strategic quality planning in CI efforts from a South African perspective, contribution is made to body of knowledge relating to quality and CI in the shortterm insurance environment.
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Conceptualized integrated health and safety compliance model for contractors in Ghana

  • Authors: Mustapha , Zakari , Aigbavboa, Clinton , Thwala, Wellington Didibhuku
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Construction industry - Ghana
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123047 , uj:20743 , Citation: , Citation: Mustapha, Z., Aigbavboa, C. & Thwala, W.D. 2016. Conceptualized integrated health and safety compliance model for contractors in Ghana.
  • Description: Abstract: Lack of stringent measures in safety and construction laws has been attributed to poor performance in Health and Safety (H&S} in the construction industry. The purpose of the paper is to present how the conceptualized integrated H&S compliance model for contractors in Ghana will be developed. The conceptualized model theory forms the bases of the discussion in this paper. A total number of fifteen studies relevant to accident causation theories were selected out of the total number of thirty studies reviewed, through a rigorous process. The assessment of H&S compliance model for the study was carried out through the combination of objective and subjective attributes. The Domino Theory forms the basis for theoretical and conceptual framework of this paper. The study adopted various constructs from Accident Root Causes Tracing Model (ARCTM) and Domino theory. The hypothesized integrated holistic H&S compliance model is presented in this paper based on an in-depth review of the previous models. Government support and contractor's organizational culture serve as variable constructs identified as gaps in H&S compliance research. Discussions also included the integrated holistic model and the variables of the model, identification of the model and justification for the selected variables. The paper presented the conceptualized H&S compliance model. The gaps identified in H&S compliance research served as the variable constructs. They are government support and contractor's organizational culture.
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Freedom and the secrecy bill : prelude to an Orwellian nightmare?

  • Authors: Naidoo, Rennie
  • Date: 2013
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/472574 , uj:42533 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: Are we on the verge of sacrificing our personal freedom for the false promise of greater security or are we simply a divided nation that prefers to recoil from the responsibility of our new-found freedom?
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Special Issue: Comparative assessment 1 of compositing and anaerobic digestion of 2 municipal biodegradable waste in Harare, Zimbabwe

  • Authors: Nhubu, Trust , Muzenda, Edson , Mbohwa, Charles , Agbenyeku, Emmanuel O M
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Life Cycle Assessment , Sustainable , Compost
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405304 , uj:34029 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract : Composting and AD of biodegradable waste were assessed for their benefits from literature and environmental impacts using the life cycle impact assessment procedure. Literature review findings indicate an overall edge for AD over composting largely due to its renewable energy production capabilities, reduced exhaust emissions and cost effectiveness considering the entire MSW life cycle. LCIA results show that both AD and composting leads to increases across the four impact categories considered namely, global warming, human health, eutrophication and acidification. AD however showed lower contributions than composting to global warming, human health and acidification. Composting only showed lower contribution than AD in regards to eutrophication. Overall study results indicate an edge for AD over composting in treating and managing biodegradable fraction of MSW generated in Harare and its surrounding urban and peri urban environments of Chitungwiza, Epworth, Norton and Ruwa.
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A simplistic channel model for cascaded PLC-VLC systems

  • Authors: Nlom, Stephane M. , Ndjiongue, A. R. , Ouahada, K. , Ferreira, Hendrik C. , Han Vinck, A. J.
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Channel model , Cascaded PLC-VLC , PLC and VLC channels
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/237866 , uj:24380 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: In this a paper, we propose a simplistic channel model for cascaded PLC-VLC system which highlights the noise scenario in such hybrid systems. The model utilises previously proposed channel transfer functions of both PLC and VLC channels and highlights the effects of the LED supply in the system. The noise scenario implemented on the model is based on the observations obtained from a practical measurement of PLC and VLC noise amplitude spectrum (NAS). The PLC-VLC channel is generalised and then simulated based on realistic data. In our results, we highlight the effect of the model’s parameters and noise present in both PLC and VLC channels.
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Compassion fatigue in nurses : a metasynthesis

Risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration in diabetic patients presenting at primary healthcare clinics in South Africa

  • Authors: Ntuli, Simiso , Vincent-Lambert, Craig , Swart, Andre
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Diabetic Foot Ulceration , Diabetic Foot Risk Factors , Primary Healthcare
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291541 , uj:31663 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: Objective: The main purpose of the study was to investigate the need for podiatrists as members of the primary healthcare team. One of the objectives of the study was to determine the percentage of patients presenting at the two Primary Healthcare clinics who are at risk of developing foot complications as a result of an underlying concomitant systemic disease. Research design and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in which data was collected from patients presenting at two homogeneously selected Primary Healthcare (PHC) clinics in Johannesburg. Nursing staff assisted by a final year podiatry student collected data using a self-constructed data collection form (DCF) from each consenting patients as part of their routine patient consultation. Simple descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Data was collected and analysed from 1077 patients and showed that 29% of the patients had diabetes. Diabetic foot ulceration risk factors that were recorded included peripheral neuropathy in 74% of diabetic patients, structural foot deformities in 47%, peripheral vascular symptoms in 39% and foot ulcer in 28% of the diabetic patients. Conclusion: Early identification of diabetic patients who are at high risk of diabetic foot ulceration is important and can be achieved via a mandatory diabetic foot screening with subsequent multidisciplinary foot-care interventions. Understanding the factors that place patients with diabetes at high risk of ulceration, together with an appreciation of the links between different aspects of the disease process and foot function, is essential to the prevention and management of diabetic foot complications. Significance of the study • There is limited data available on diabetic foot risk factors across all levels of care in South Africa. • The study found that up to 74% of patients presenting at PHC facilities in this study had symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and 28% had foot ulcers. • The findings are suggestive of a need for diabetic foot assessment to be mandated at PHC level as part of the routine diabetic patient assessment and for Podiatrists to be involved at this level of care.
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Effects of defects on nanoporous Graphene and MOS2

SLUIT NOU AAN! South African Union Defence force recruitment posters from the Second World War

  • Authors: Pretorius, J.D.
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Propaganda, posters, South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/402926 , uj:33742 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: South Africa entered the Second World War ill‐prepared and divided into pro‐ and anti‐war factions. The Union Defence Force (UDF) required recruits for a variety of roles but the right to bear arms was confined to white male citizens. Despite the numerous daunting challenges that faced the recruiters, the number of white men who enlisted reached or even exceeded the required figures. To persuade men to volunteer authorities launched successive propaganda campaigns which included the public display of posters. This article examines the South African recruitment posters of the Second World War that were aimed at all eligible white men. It provides a brief introduction to the UDF’s recruitment requirements, a description of the production of propaganda and an analysis of the symbols used in the recruitment posters. The analysis shows that the posters employed a variety of visual symbols. These can be categorised into three broad groupings; the first group signified loyalty to the Allied forces, the second expressed allegiance to South Africa and a third set was aimed specifically at Afrikaners. The use of such symbols is illustrated through examples of South African recruitment posters and posters from the Allied nations.
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Effect of CaO/MgO ratio and basicity during tin smelting on the metal and slag formation (II)

  • Authors: Seema, M. C. , Wa Kalenga, M. K. , Nheta, W.
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Tin production , Basicity , CaO/MgO effect
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399411 , uj:33288 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: The current demand of some specific metals (alloys) in the HiTech industry has pushed researchers to increase the number of investigations to improve the quality of products on the market. Generally, coltan is a byproduct of tin metallurgy and is collected in the slag. The formation of phases in the slag needs to be investigated in order to optimize the collection of coltan in specific phases by trying different ratios in fluxes. Also, cassiterite is associated with iron ores and during smelting the iron get reduced together with tin and ends up contaminating the metal. The basicity is always a useful parameter that govern the behavior of the slag. Basicity was varied through addition of CaO and MgO. The CaO/MgO was varied by changing CaO and keeping MgO constant as opposed to previous study where CaO/MgO was varied by changing MgO and keeping CaO constant. Different basicities of 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 were used...
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An analysis of the coverage of astronomy news in South African newspapers

  • Authors: Sondlo, Aviwe
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Astronomy Education , Online newspaper , Framing Theory
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceeding
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/290681 , uj:31560 , Citation:
  • Description: Abstract: The 21st century is close to two‐decades‐old and there is a growing concern that South African media needs to improve their science news coverage to conscientise citizens with scientific literacy i.e. their knowledge about science, and the environment. This will assist in developing active citizens in a world that is dominated by complicated scientific and technological advances. The concern about how the media in particular newspapers portray science news is growing, since there is a belief that newspapers can play a pivotal role in educating the citizens. Newspapers can play a role when teaching science are regarded as a medium that can heighten students’ knowledge, enhance vocabulary skills and encourage a positive attitude towards learning. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of how online newspapers portray astronomy news in terms of framing and tone. The study is underpinned by framing theory, which suggests that presentation can influence the choices people make. A mixed method approach was employed since it combines both qualitative and quantitative methods to deal with different questions of the study. An instrument to collect data was not required, the data was available on the internet. I retrieved the newspapers from the internet and samples were drawn from two online newspapers, the Mail & Guardian and News24 from 1 January 2012 to 31 July 2015. The Nisbet framework and a modified story analysis form were used to analyse data. The quantitative results indicates that the coverage of astronomy news is still very limited in South Africa media based on the newspapers analysed. The finding shows that 82% of the analysed Mail & Guardian newspapers were general news, whereas only 76% of News24 stories were general news.
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Search for high-mass new phenomena in the dilepton final state using proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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