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Surface engineering : laser metal deposition of titanium alloy Grade 5 and tungsten

  • Authors: Ndou, Ndivhuwo
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Lasers - Industrial applications , Gas tungsten arc welding , Mechanical wear , Pulsed laser deposition , Titanium alloys - Fatigue
  • Language: English
  • Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/269875 , uj:28675
  • Description: D.Phil. (Mechanical Engineering) , Abstract: Titanium alloy Grade 5 (Ti6Al4V) has attracted the interest of the engineering community, because of its excellent physical and mechanical properties. Due to its low density, superior quality at high temperature and good corrosion resistance, Ti6Al4V alloy is used in the aerospace industry. The alloy has also been applied in many areas, such as sport, marine, the chemical industry, the automotive industry and the biomedical field – due to its excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment or medium. Because of the poor wear-resistance properties exhibited by the alloy, five weight percent of tungsten (W) was agglomerated with it, this percentage weight addition of tungsten was optimised, in order to improve its surface properties in this research study. The tungsten is selected due to its superior strength, creep resistance, and structural stability at elevated temperatures. Trial experiments were first conducted with the two powders, Ti6Al4V and W (Ti6Al4V+W). The parameters with good laser deposition process were selected for the preliminary studies. The relationships between the process parameters on the material characterizations were thoroughly investigated. Design Expert 9 software was used to validate the experimental results. In the design of the experiment, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine the required process parameters standard order and the leverage, as well as the response to the input factors. The model was validated to establish the variations between the predicted value and the actual value. The laser deposited Ti6Al4V+W specimens were characterized through the evolving microstructures, dry sliding wear, corrosion, microhardness and x-Ray diffraction.
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Influence of laser power on the deposition Ti64l4V/W composite

  • Authors: Ndou, Ndivhuwo , Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo , Pityana, Sisa
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Heat affected zone , Laser metal deposition
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/214837 , uj:21331 , Citation: Ndou, N., Akinlabi, E.T & Pityana, S. 2016. Influence of laser power on the deposition Ti64l4V/W composite.
  • Description: Abstract: In this study of laser power on deposited of Ti64l4V/W was investigated. The energy flow rates were varied while every single other parameter were kept at a steady. The evolving microstructure and the hardness of the composites were studied and reported in this study. The study established that the laser metal deposition process is suitable for producing acceptable bonding between a deposited zone and a substrate zone. The hardness values of the deposits varied from 377HV to 719HV. The laser power directly influences the hardness and the microstructure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilised to characterise the microstructure of the composite layer formed on the surface of the Ti6Al4V substrate. The microstructure of all the composite layers delivered by the LMD procedure has upgraded properties in connection to that of the Ti64l4V substrate.
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Developing guidelines for implementing lean manufacturing of electrical transformers

  • Authors: Ndou, Ndivhuwo
  • Date: 2012-06-04
  • Subjects: Lean manufacturing production , Electrical transformers , Lean manufacturing techniques
  • Type: Thesis
  • Identifier: uj:2338 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4795
  • Description: M. Ing. , According to Taque (2005: 30), current lean manufacturing can be presented as ineffective due to a lack of guidelines for establishing and implementing the application thereof. In this project, guidelines for the implementation of lean manufacturing were developed using data collected from multiple sources. One of these sources were company visitations conducted at Desta Power Matla (DPM) in Johannesburg and Bosch SA in Brits. In addition, interviews were conducted with an expert in the field of lean manufacturing, ECSA-accredited professionals in the field, academics in industrial engineering and workers who use lean manufacturing. The significance of this study lies in assisting employees in understanding lean manufacturing production and then developing and implementing guidelines for its implementation. The study also brings to the fore the role of the individual worker in acquiring knowledge about and an understanding of lean manufacturing guidelines. This will ultimately enable companies to implement lean manufacturing production successfully. The results emerging from the data were used to develop guidelines for lean manufacturing production.
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Microstructure of Ti6Al4V reinforced by coating W particles through laser metal deposition

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