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3D printing for sustainable low-income housing in South Africa : a case for the urban poor

A holistic assessment of construction and demolition waste management in the Nigerian construction projects

Accessing imbalance learning using dynamic selection approach in water quality anomaly detection

  • Authors: Dogo, Eustace M. , Nwulu, Nnamdi I. , Twala, Bhekisipho , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2021
  • Subjects: Classification , Imbalance learning , Dynamic selection
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/478606 , uj:43260 , Citation: Dogo, E.M.; Nwulu, N.I.; Twala, B.; Aigbavboa, C. Accessing Imbalance Learning Using Dynamic Selection Approach in Water Quality Anomaly Detection. Symmetry 2021, 13, 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/ sym13050818
  • Description: Abstract: Automatic anomaly detection monitoring plays a vital role in water utilities’ distribution systems to reduce the risk posed by unclean water to consumers. One of the major problems with anomaly detection is imbalanced datasets. Dynamic selection techniques combined with ensemble models have proven to be effective for imbalanced datasets classification tasks. In this paper, water quality anomaly detection is formulated as a classification problem in the presences of class imbalance. To tackle this problem, considering the asymmetry dataset distribution between the majority and minority classes, the performance of sixteen previously proposed single and static ensemble classification methods embedded with resampling strategies are first optimised and compared. After that, six dynamic selection techniques, namely, Modified Class Rank (Rank), Local Class Accuracy (LCA), Overall-Local Accuracy (OLA), K-Nearest Oracles Eliminate (KNORA-E), K-Nearest Oracles Union (KNORA-U) and Meta-Learning for Dynamic Ensemble Selection (META-DES) in combination with homogeneous and heterogeneous ensemble models and three SMOTE-based resampling algorithms (SMOTE, SMOTE+ENN and SMOTE+Tomek Links), and one missing data method (missForest) are proposed and evaluated. A binary real-world drinking-water quality anomaly detection dataset is utilised to evaluate the models. The experimental results obtained reveal all the models benefitting from the combined optimisation of both the classifiers and resampling methods. Considering the three performance measures (balanced accuracy, F-score and G-mean), the result also shows that the dynamic classifier selection (DCS) techniques, in particular, the missForest+SMOTE+RANK and missForest+SMOTE+OLA models based on homogeneous ensemble-bagging with decision tree as the base classifier, exhibited better performances in terms of balanced accuracy and G-mean, while the Bg+mF+SMENN+LCA model based on homogeneous ensemble-bagging with random forest has a better overall F1-measure in comparison to the other models.
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Influence of information flow on logistics management in the Industry 4.0 era

Modelling a cost profile for road projects

  • Authors: Akinradewo, Opeoluwa , Aigbavboa, Clinton , Oke, Ayodeji , Coffie, Harrison
  • Date: 2021
  • Subjects: Cost performance , Cost profiling , Ghana
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/479691 , uj:43398 , Citation: Akinradewo, O. et al. 2021. Modelling a cost profile for road projects.
  • Description: Abstract: One of the vital success elements of a construction project is the accuracy of the estimation of construction cost. This study is aimed at developing a cost profile for road projects in Ghana. Pro forma was designed to retrieve historical cost data of completed road projects in Ghana. The pro forma retrieved data such as the initial budgeted cost and final construction cost of road projects, location of road projects, features of road projects, the scope of road projects (new project, renovation work, upgrade work or replacement work), type of road projects, and classification of road projects. Cost data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and probability distributions such as cumulative density functions and probability density functions. From the findings, estimates prepared for road projects in Ghana can be expected to be below the final construction cost by approximately 20% as most of the completed road projects in Ghana experience cost overrun.
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The disruptive adaptations of Construction 4.0 and Industry 4.0 as a pathway to a sustainable innovation and inclusive Industrial Technological Development

  • Authors: Lekan, Amusan , Aigbavboa, Clinton , Owolabi, James
  • Date: 2021
  • Subjects: Construction , Innovation , Adaptation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/483405 , uj:43871 , Citation: Lekan, A., Aigbavboa, C.& Owolabi, J. The Disruptive Adaptations of Construction 4.0 and Industry 4.0 as a Pathway to a Sustainable Innovation and Inclusive Industrial Technological Development. Buildings 2021, 11, 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings 11030079
  • Description: Abstract: Construction 4.0 (C4.0) has tremendously impacted construction activities worldwide in recent times. This effect was made possible on account of innovations brought about by Industry 4.0 (I4.0). Industry 4.0 has the potential to create Construction 4.0 through the integration of the design, construction and maintenance of infrastructure through useful component integration for industrial and technological development. Therefore, this study aimed to present a pathway for achieving sustainable innovations and inclusive technological and infrastructural developments. The following parameters were reviewed in this study as part of the goals and objectives set in the survey: identifying the adaptable areas of Construction 4.0 in design, planning, construction and maintenance as part of infrastructural innovation in order to study the industrial application drivers of I4.0 and C4.0 hindrances in achieving C4.0; achieving the automation dream through C4.0, benchmarking the social and economic implications of C4.0 and identifying the issues and challenges in achieving sustainable innovation through infrastructural development and documenting the disruptive tools of C4.0 in achieving a sustainable design through technological development and examining the critical factors influencing the effective adaptation of C4.0 in achieving growth. The authors utilised 200 construction firms for this study using the Cochran and Slovin’s formulas. In addition, the sample size of 150 respondents that constituted the study were construction professionals. The respondents used the simple percentage, relative index, Spearman’s rank, Mann–Whitney U test, Kendall’s Tau test, Student’s t-test, ANOVA and chi-square tools in the data processing. The study found out, among other things, the following as part of the parameters earlier proposed: the introduction of a circular economy by adopting intelligent innovation, engaging new tools, technological innovation diffusion and the vertical and horizontal integration of versatile tools like I4.0 and C4.0 for inclusive technological development. This study recommended the objective and effective adaptation of I4.0 tools to enhance C4.0 for technical development, circular economic integration and a framework for sustainable innovation and a system for the inclusive monitoring of innovations in the design and planning of construction maintenance.
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A stakeholder perspective on the implementation of sustainable construction practices

Identifying barriers of sustainable construction : a Nigerian case study

  • Authors: Ifije, Ohiomah , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Sustainability , Barriers , Construction
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/434841 , uj:37657 , Citation: Ifije, O. & Aigbavboa, C. 2020. Identifying barriers of sustainable construction : a Nigerian case study. , DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031204004
  • Description: Abstract: Sustainable development has become an important part of the lives and aspect of enterprises operations globally. There is a global trend to enhance sustainable practices in all sectors and most especially the construction sectors, this study discusses the factors that best prevent the implementation of sustainable construction in the Nigeria construction industry. The study further explores and determines the reliability of how sustainability should be measured in the Nigeria construction industry. The study used both primary and secondary data to meet the set objective. The primary data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire distributed to construction professionals, contractors and clients. Indicative findings arising from the study revealed that; Building regulations and financial incentives are found to be the main drivers of sustainable construction in Nigeria and Lack of client demand and awareness and a general perception that adopting sustainable construction is expensive. The research concluded by recommending that government help with building policies to help push construction firms towards sustainable construction and also awareness campaigns should be carried out so that clients would demand and be aware of the benefits of sustainable construction.
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Learning curve for improved productivity in the South African construction industry

  • Authors: Mhini, Somila , Mashwama, Nokulunga , Thwala, Didibhuku , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Learning curve , Productivity , South African construction industry (SACI)
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/464623 , uj:41515 , Citation: Mhini, S. et al. 2020. Learning curve for improved productivity in the South African construction industry. , DOI: 10.3311/CCC2020-034
  • Description: Abstract: The South African construction industry has battled with productivity for years despite being the key contributors to the economy of the country. This paper aims to remedy this problem by introducing the learning curve tool into the South African construction industry. The study sought to deduce the level of awareness of the learning curve and determine the benefits of adopting the learning curve tool in the South African construction industry. The Quantitative Methodology was adopted for this study and participation from construction professionals was obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. A total of 106 questionnaires were sent out and 62 were received back representing a response rate of 58.5%. The findings revealed that there is a moderate awareness of the learning curve tool in the South African construction industry. Additionally, the findings revealed that the workers would become familiar with their job and sharpen their skills which would result in a higher quality of construction work and the reduction of time taken to complete a task with reduced cost. The adoption of the learning curve tool in the South African construction industry offers a solution to a lasting problem of productivity in the industry. This study will enlighten construction professionals on the concept of the learning curve and the benefits of the learning curve.
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Ontology of the communication performance prospects of Building Information Modelling (BIM) adoption among project teams in construction project delivery

The current state of corporate social responsibility practices of firms operating in construction industry

  • Authors: Mokwena, Jabu , Mashwama, Nokulunga Xolile , Thwala, Didi , Aigbavboa, Clinton , Hamma-Adama, Mansur
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Companies , South Africa , Workforce
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/464639 , uj:41517 , Citation: Mokwena, J. et al. 2020. The current state of corporate social responsibility practices of firms operating in construction industry. , DOI: https://doi.org/10.14455/isec.2020.7%282%29.cpm-01
  • Description: Abstract: The overall aim of this study is to appraise the current practice of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firms operating in the South African construction market. Primary and secondary sources of data were utilized. The primary data were collected via of questionnaire survey issued to 12 different firms operating within the South African construction sector and secondary data obtained from related and reliable scholarly literature such as journal articles, conference papers, reports, books etc. Out of 60 questionnaires issued, 50 were acquired back, and all surveys received were valid. Descriptive statistical analysis was used for the collected primary data. The study reveals that common CSR variables that are practiced by South African construction firms using certified product/material verified by the independent third party. These include supporting government initiatives on public welfare; Occupational health, business ethics and code of conduct; welfare and safety; Purchasing green material and the most important CSR variables are contractual obligations are met, and product and service providers are paid in a timely manner; Using certified product/material verified by the independent third party; Ensuring fair treatment of workers at work irrespective of race, gender, and disability; and consult employees about crucial business activities. The implementation of CSR activities offers a great solution for many problems that are being faced by the South African construction firms as well as the South African society.
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The effects of poor performance on roads infrastructure project

  • Authors: Mushato, Winnie , Mashwama, Nokulunga Xolile , Thwala, Didibhuku , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Beneficiary , Cost overrun , Ecology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/464664 , uj:41520 , Citation: Mushato, W., Mashwama, N.X., Thwala, D. & Aigbavboa, C. 2020. The effects of poor performance on roads infrastructure project. , DOI: 10.14455/ISEC.res.2020.7(1).INF-01
  • Description: Abstract: Good performance increase productivity in the construction projects and it contribute positively to the growth of the South African Economy. The aim of the paper was to investigate the impacts of poor performance on roads infrastructure projects in the Gauteng Province. Questionnaires were distributed to various construction firms which were registered with South African approved council bodies and also with construction industry development board. The questionnaires were sent via emails and dispersed during site and briefing meeting for contractors. 76 out of 100 questionnaires were collected and were used for the study. Random sampling method was used. Research findings revealed that loss of productivity; Cost overrun; disease outbreak; Time overrun; Environmental impact; Conflicts; Disputes between owner and contractor; Loss of skilled workers; stress on the contractor; Reworks were the major impacts on the construction of road infrastructure, in the South African Construction industry. Therefore, cost overrun, and time overruns can be avoided by limiting change and variation orders. In addition, skills transfer is needed so that skilled workers can pass the knowledge to the new manpower before they retired. Poor performance creates stress on the contractor as the contractor will experience the problems such as reworks, termination of contract, and default on loan repayment by the contractor.
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The factors militating internal stakeholders on road infrastructure projects

  • Authors: Mashwama, Nokulunga Xolile , Mushatu, Winnie , Thwala, Didibhuku , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Performance , Projects stakeholders , Participants
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/464654 , uj:41519 , Citation: Mashwama, N.X., Mushatu, W., Thwala, D. & Aigbavboa, C. 2020. The factors militating internal stakeholders on road infrastructure projects. , DOI: 10.14455/ISEC.res.2020.7(1).CON-21
  • Description: Abstract: There are numerous participants involved in construction projects including the client or sponsor of the project, regulatory bodies, contractors, consultants, ward councilors, community who affect or become affected by the project. Stakeholders can affect the road construction positive or negatively. Stakeholder’s engagement is done to avoid unnecessary conflicts and controversies and to attain the desired successful implementation of the project. The paper aims to identify the impact of internal stakeholders on road construction project. Quantitative approach was adopted for this study. 100 questionnaires were distributed and 76 were collected and analyzed. The data was collected through primary and secondary sources. Factor analysis was conducted, Correlation matric coefficients has been conducted to ensure visibility of coefficients greater than 0.3 and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkim (KMO) and Barlett’s test were conducted. From the findings it transpired that late payment to service providers; failure to verify contractor qualification; Client knowledge to review design documentation; inadequate involvement during construction project, lack of understanding project feasibility. The participation of stakeholders encourages the public to share their knowledge with the regulatory authorities, fosters better-informed decisions and decreases likelihood of project failure. Early stakeholder’s involvement can add benefits of diffusing opposition to a project.
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A survey of machine learning methods applied to anomaly detection on drinking-water quality data

  • Authors: Dogo, Eustace M. , Nwulu, Nnamdi I. , Twala, Bhekisipho , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Machine learning , Anomaly detection , Deep learning
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/406768 , uj:34213 , Citation: Dogo, E.M. et al. 2019. A survey of machine learning methods applied to anomaly detection on drinking-water quality data.
  • Description: Abstract: Traditional machine learning (ML) techniques such as support vector machine, logistic regression, and artificial neural network have been applied most frequently in water quality anomaly detection tasks. This paper presents a review of progress and advances made in detecting anomalies in water quality data using ML techniques. The review encompasses both traditional ML and deep learning (DL) approaches. Our findings indicate that: 1) Generally, DL approaches outperform traditional ML techniques in terms of feature learning accuracy and fewer false positive rates. However, is difficult to make a fair comparison between studies because of different datasets, models and parameters employed. 2) We notice that despite advances made and the advantages of the extreme learning machine (ELM), application of ELM is sparsely exploited in this domain. This study also proposes a hybrid DL-ELM framework as a possible solution that could be investigated further and used to detect anomalies in water quality data.
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Assessment of encryption and decryption schemes for secure data transmission in healthcare systems

  • Authors: Adedeji, Kazeem B. , Nwulu, Nnamdi I. , Aigbavboa, Clinton , Gbadamosi, Saheed L.
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Data security , Decryption , Encryption
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405247 , uj:34022 , Citation: Adedeji, K.B. et al. 2019. Assessment of encryption and decryption schemes for secure data transmission in healthcare systems.
  • Description: Abstract: In the biomedical research community, transmitting a patient medical record via wireless means to an administrative centre or other medical centres is increasingly common. However, due to the open nature of wireless media, the security of such a system is a major concern, so, it is desirable to have a reliable security scheme. Amidst the numerous methods used to secure medical data, encryption schemes are becoming more popular due to their performance and relative simplicity. In this study, the performance of some data encryption and decryption schemes used to secure medical data is evaluated. These schemes are Blowfish, DES, AES, RC4, RSA, ECC, CBE, MTLM and CEC. The performance of these schemes was assessed through their execution time, throughput, average data rate and information entropy. For this performance assessment, some medical data were used for this task. The results showed that the performance of CBE, MTLM and CEC was better. CBE and MTLM offer a secure way to encrypt data with a significant reduction in the execution time. Moreover, if some of these schemes were combined to form a hybrid system, an enhancement in the security of medical data over wireless communication networks is guaranteed.
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Challenges affecting leadership development in the construction industry

Leak localisation in urban water supply system : a literature synopsis on model based methodologies

Sustainable construction practices challenges - a stakeholders perspective

A review of Inventory Management System in the South African Aerospace Industry

  • Authors: Dikgale, Sarah , Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Inventory Management , Aerospace , South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/496254 , uj:45234 , Citation: Dikgale, S., Mulongo, N.Y. and Aigbavboa, C. 2018. A review of Inventory Management System in the South African Aerospace Industry.
  • Description: Abstract: Inventory management system that aims at managing, controlling and storing of the spare parts is a cost driver for aerospace equipment in operating and maintaining those equipment. During those breakdowns, maintenance personnel spent too much time trying to find and acquire replacement parts. Requisition volume depends on instinctive feel and past experiences, with some casual meeting with the maintenance technicians manufacturing designers and specialists. Consequently, the concept of inventory management systems has become a buzz word amongst the scholar and industry practitioners. Despite the fact that, the concept of inventory management system in aerospace is attending higher level of significance within the western countries, America and Asia due to its ability of smoothing the business environment, in Africa, particularly in south Africa, the integration and adoption of inventory management system in aerospace is facing several challenges. To date, over the past decades a huge number of studies have been conducted with the aim of investigating the benefit of inventory management implementation in manufacturing as well as Aerospace industry at global level. However, very few studies have been conducted from South African aerospace industry level. Hence, the overall goal of this paper is to fill this gap by means of critically analyzing studies that were developed various inventory management frameworks over the past decade.
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A review of preventative maintenance on South African electricity sector

  • Authors: Seloane, Shocky , Mulongo, Ndala Yves , Aigbavboa, Clinton
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Energy Sector , Maintenance strategies , Boilers
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/496274 , uj:45236 , Citation: Seloane, S., Mulongo, N.Y. and Aigbavboa, C. 2018. A review of preventative maintenance on South African electricity sector.
  • Description: Abstract: Regardless of the overhaul outages planned with the aim of preventing failures on the energy plants in South Africa, it is witnessed not to be effective based on the production ratio outcomes. The production ratio as per the South African power enterprise is 80:10:10. The ratio is based on 80 % availability, a fixed 10% planned maintenance and 10 % unplanned maintenance. Consequently, the concept of preventative maintenance has become a buzz phrase amongst scholars and industry practitioners, even though, preventative maintenance is attaining a higher level of significance in well developed countries, such as America and China due to its ability to smoothening the energy sector. In Africa, particularly in South Africa the integration and adoption of the concept of preventative maintenance is phasing challenges. To date, over the past decades several studies have been led to investigate the benefit of preventative maintenance implementation in the energy sector at global level. However, very few investigative studies concerning the implementation and adoption of preventative maintenance in the South African energy generation sources have been conducted, hence the overall objective of this paper is to fill this gap by means of critically analyzing studies that were conducted or developed in the field of preventive maintenance over the past two decades. The outcome of the analysis of the existing literature on preventative maintenance clearly illustrates that there are flaws in the current body of knowledge related to a lack of sufficient studies in the context of South African electricity sector.
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