Capacity building : a strategy for development
- Authors: Turton, Yasmin
- Date: 2015-02-09
- Subjects: Community development , Community development - Evaluation , Community organization
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13239 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13263
- Description: M.A. (Social Work) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Turton, Yasmin
- Date: 2015-02-09
- Subjects: Community development , Community development - Evaluation , Community organization
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13239 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13263
- Description: M.A. (Social Work) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
An exploratory study on factors associated with participation in income generating community projects
- Authors: Sithole, Thomson
- Date: 2013-04-10
- Subjects: Community development , Social participation , Sustainable development , Community organization , Fund raising , New business enterprises - Planning
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7432 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8290
- Description: M.A. (Social Sciences) , The engagement of local people in development projects has become a common phenomenon that development theorists and practitioners have emphasised for the past few decades. The debate was sparked by the realisation of the failure of the top-down approach to development which had serious consequences in project sustainability. Therefore, the bottom-up approach of community participation in development projects has been viewed as a panacea for sustainable projects at the grass roots level. The study is based on the understanding that community participation is central in community development, in order to ensure sustainability. It has been observed and acknowledged from the empirical evidence that, despite the acceptance of participation as workable alternative and useful approach to community development, there are many collapsed projects and blame has been shifted to lack of funding and other factors such as economic meltdown as the major setbacks. Today, concerns are raised on the ineffectiveness of community participation, which may lead to project failures. In many instances, local people have become recipients of pre-designed projects by outsiders and often the objects of administrative manipulation. This implies that development agents were determined to impose their own thinking and understanding of community participation on the community. As a result, development projects that local people were expected to take over in the implementation phase collapsed and such communities did not take responsibility for their failures. The question to be answered is whether community participation is the hallmark of project sustainability or just one of the processes that is necessary in development articulation. It is against this background that the study explored factors associated with participation in income generating community projects in Botlokwa community in Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo province. The qualitative method was employed in this study.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sithole, Thomson
- Date: 2013-04-10
- Subjects: Community development , Social participation , Sustainable development , Community organization , Fund raising , New business enterprises - Planning
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7432 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8290
- Description: M.A. (Social Sciences) , The engagement of local people in development projects has become a common phenomenon that development theorists and practitioners have emphasised for the past few decades. The debate was sparked by the realisation of the failure of the top-down approach to development which had serious consequences in project sustainability. Therefore, the bottom-up approach of community participation in development projects has been viewed as a panacea for sustainable projects at the grass roots level. The study is based on the understanding that community participation is central in community development, in order to ensure sustainability. It has been observed and acknowledged from the empirical evidence that, despite the acceptance of participation as workable alternative and useful approach to community development, there are many collapsed projects and blame has been shifted to lack of funding and other factors such as economic meltdown as the major setbacks. Today, concerns are raised on the ineffectiveness of community participation, which may lead to project failures. In many instances, local people have become recipients of pre-designed projects by outsiders and often the objects of administrative manipulation. This implies that development agents were determined to impose their own thinking and understanding of community participation on the community. As a result, development projects that local people were expected to take over in the implementation phase collapsed and such communities did not take responsibility for their failures. The question to be answered is whether community participation is the hallmark of project sustainability or just one of the processes that is necessary in development articulation. It is against this background that the study explored factors associated with participation in income generating community projects in Botlokwa community in Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo province. The qualitative method was employed in this study.
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The South African National Civic Organisation: a two-tiered social movement
- Authors: Nthambeleni, Ndanduleni B.
- Date: 2010-06-03T05:39:51Z
- Subjects: South African National Civic Organisation , Social movement , South African civics , Community organization
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6858 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3290
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil , This dissertation expands our understanding of South African social movements through a study of the South African National Civic Organisation (SANCO), a body formed in 1992 as a national co-ordinating structure of regional and local civic associations. It contends that SANCO can only be understood as a ‘two- tiered social movement’. The study draws on a Human Sciences Research Council survey, to which I contributed as a team member, on participant and non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews and primary literature and a case study of one SANCO branch, Alexandra. The focus of this survey was on the experience of SANCO’s leadership both at national and local level. Social movement literature reviewed in this study ignored the issue of tiers or levels in social movements. The study demonstrates that it would be worth re-looking at the analyses of social movements with an eye to assess whether distinct levels exist elsewhere. Whilst tiers are likely to be absent from small movements, there is an inherent tension for organisations that have both local units focused on immediate day-to-day concerns and also national structures that represent broader issues within political circles. The findings of the study defy the dominant view of South African social movements, which emphasise a demobilisation in the post-apartheid period. In the case of SANCO, its demise was substantiated by examining the organisation at a national level, largely ignoring local realities. A two-tiered approach demonstrates that even though local civic organisations experienced difficulties, particularly in the period immediately after the end of apartheid, they continued to thrive.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nthambeleni, Ndanduleni B.
- Date: 2010-06-03T05:39:51Z
- Subjects: South African National Civic Organisation , Social movement , South African civics , Community organization
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:6858 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3290
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil , This dissertation expands our understanding of South African social movements through a study of the South African National Civic Organisation (SANCO), a body formed in 1992 as a national co-ordinating structure of regional and local civic associations. It contends that SANCO can only be understood as a ‘two- tiered social movement’. The study draws on a Human Sciences Research Council survey, to which I contributed as a team member, on participant and non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews and primary literature and a case study of one SANCO branch, Alexandra. The focus of this survey was on the experience of SANCO’s leadership both at national and local level. Social movement literature reviewed in this study ignored the issue of tiers or levels in social movements. The study demonstrates that it would be worth re-looking at the analyses of social movements with an eye to assess whether distinct levels exist elsewhere. Whilst tiers are likely to be absent from small movements, there is an inherent tension for organisations that have both local units focused on immediate day-to-day concerns and also national structures that represent broader issues within political circles. The findings of the study defy the dominant view of South African social movements, which emphasise a demobilisation in the post-apartheid period. In the case of SANCO, its demise was substantiated by examining the organisation at a national level, largely ignoring local realities. A two-tiered approach demonstrates that even though local civic organisations experienced difficulties, particularly in the period immediately after the end of apartheid, they continued to thrive.
- Full Text:
An evaluation of a training programme in community leadership
- Authors: Grobbler, Alen David
- Date: 2008-10-17T13:15:01Z
- Subjects: Community leadership , Community organization , Community development
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1243
- Description: M.A. , In 1994 the South African government provided a framework and a philosophical context for social development in the form of the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). This programme serves as a basis for policy-making across a wide spectrum of social institutions, among them social welfare. The White Paper on Social Welfare (1997) provides a framework in which to debate the future of social work in the developmental welfare system it advocates. It is a system that requires a sincere commitment to working towards minimising poverty in South Africa. Community development is one of the methods used to address poverty, inequality and developmental problems. From this new dispensation, the Department of Social Work at RAU developed a community development training programme to help social service workers become more community oriented in their daily service approach. Although this programme was developed eight years ago, no formal evaluation has been done on the effectiveness of this programme. The study was undertaken among social workers and community developers employed by the City of Johannesburg Social Services department, Regions 7, 9 and 11. It was undertaken in order to empower them with knowledge of community development for implementation in their work setting. The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of the Community Leadership Training Programme on the staff in the Social Services department in the City of Johannesburg. The objectives were to: „X Conduct a literature study on community development. „X Conduct a process evaluation of the programme. „X Conduct an outcome evaluation directly after the completion of the programme and 12 months later. „X Make recommendations based on the research findings for trainers, social workers, community developers and any related profession working in the community. The evaluation research model followed in this study is programme evaluation as described by De Vos, (1998:368). In order to execute this study, the model as proposed by McKendreck in De Vos (1998:368) is applied.Evaluation research is chosen because a programme is evaluated. The study is qualitative and quantitative in nature and focuses on phases of evaluation, namely process evaluation and outcome evaluation. From the main findings, it was found that: The application of the Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) as described by De Vos (1998:368) was successfully applied in evaluating the training programme. From the process evaluation, it was found that: - Managers lack participatory management and leadership skills and this leads to mistrust and conflict in the workplace. - Adults preferred experiential learning rather than writing or submitting assignments. - The majority of the participants felt that the objectives of the workshop were clear and that the workshop met their expectations. They indicated further that the workshop was practical enough to implement what they learned in their work. - The participants were satisfied with the facilitating skills of the facilitators in that they were not prescriptive but patient in understanding the content of the modules at their own pace. - Skills demonstrations improved their skills in relation to community development, for example, problem-solving skills, giving feedback to the community, and conflict handling. The skills demonstrations assisted them with their own personal growth and to be positive about themselves. - The results of the tests, assignments and skills demonstrations indicated that they had broadened their knowledge base and could feel empowered to implement what they had learned. From the impact evaluation, it was found that: - A new approach to Community development exists called the asset-based model that focusses on the anticipatory needs, assets, capacity building and visionary leadership development in communities. It means that this development strategy starts with what is present in the community, the skills of the residents, and the institutions. It does not start with what is problematic or absent or what the community needs. - The participants felt that the time frame of presenting the programme was appropriate because it did not have a negative impact on their day to day work. The two full days during the week once a month suited the participants. - The participants indicated that the content was relevant to the workplace and that they could implement what they had learned in the community. - The facilitators were excellent in facilitating, but the participants were not happy with the facilitator in project management due her soft-spoken voice and she could not express herself clearly. - The first venue was not appropriate for the workshop due to its impractical setting. However, the second venue was practical and appropriate for the workshop. The following main recommendations were made: (1) The Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) is recommended for programme evaluation not only to evaluate programme monitoring or outcome evaluation, but also for all the phases in the model. (2) The asset-based model is recommended to replace the so-called expert model, not only to bring improvement, but also change. (3) Staff including management must attend the community leadership programme to have a better understanding of participatory management and leadership. (4) Adult learning principles and experiential learning techniques must be applied in the implementation of the programme and minimise written assignments. Hope and Timmel (1994:103) stress that education should stress learning more than teaching in situations where adults could discover answers and solutions for themselves. , Prof. J.B.S. Nel
- Full Text:
- Authors: Grobbler, Alen David
- Date: 2008-10-17T13:15:01Z
- Subjects: Community leadership , Community organization , Community development
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1243
- Description: M.A. , In 1994 the South African government provided a framework and a philosophical context for social development in the form of the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). This programme serves as a basis for policy-making across a wide spectrum of social institutions, among them social welfare. The White Paper on Social Welfare (1997) provides a framework in which to debate the future of social work in the developmental welfare system it advocates. It is a system that requires a sincere commitment to working towards minimising poverty in South Africa. Community development is one of the methods used to address poverty, inequality and developmental problems. From this new dispensation, the Department of Social Work at RAU developed a community development training programme to help social service workers become more community oriented in their daily service approach. Although this programme was developed eight years ago, no formal evaluation has been done on the effectiveness of this programme. The study was undertaken among social workers and community developers employed by the City of Johannesburg Social Services department, Regions 7, 9 and 11. It was undertaken in order to empower them with knowledge of community development for implementation in their work setting. The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of the Community Leadership Training Programme on the staff in the Social Services department in the City of Johannesburg. The objectives were to: „X Conduct a literature study on community development. „X Conduct a process evaluation of the programme. „X Conduct an outcome evaluation directly after the completion of the programme and 12 months later. „X Make recommendations based on the research findings for trainers, social workers, community developers and any related profession working in the community. The evaluation research model followed in this study is programme evaluation as described by De Vos, (1998:368). In order to execute this study, the model as proposed by McKendreck in De Vos (1998:368) is applied.Evaluation research is chosen because a programme is evaluated. The study is qualitative and quantitative in nature and focuses on phases of evaluation, namely process evaluation and outcome evaluation. From the main findings, it was found that: The application of the Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) as described by De Vos (1998:368) was successfully applied in evaluating the training programme. From the process evaluation, it was found that: - Managers lack participatory management and leadership skills and this leads to mistrust and conflict in the workplace. - Adults preferred experiential learning rather than writing or submitting assignments. - The majority of the participants felt that the objectives of the workshop were clear and that the workshop met their expectations. They indicated further that the workshop was practical enough to implement what they learned in their work. - The participants were satisfied with the facilitating skills of the facilitators in that they were not prescriptive but patient in understanding the content of the modules at their own pace. - Skills demonstrations improved their skills in relation to community development, for example, problem-solving skills, giving feedback to the community, and conflict handling. The skills demonstrations assisted them with their own personal growth and to be positive about themselves. - The results of the tests, assignments and skills demonstrations indicated that they had broadened their knowledge base and could feel empowered to implement what they had learned. From the impact evaluation, it was found that: - A new approach to Community development exists called the asset-based model that focusses on the anticipatory needs, assets, capacity building and visionary leadership development in communities. It means that this development strategy starts with what is present in the community, the skills of the residents, and the institutions. It does not start with what is problematic or absent or what the community needs. - The participants felt that the time frame of presenting the programme was appropriate because it did not have a negative impact on their day to day work. The two full days during the week once a month suited the participants. - The participants indicated that the content was relevant to the workplace and that they could implement what they had learned in the community. - The facilitators were excellent in facilitating, but the participants were not happy with the facilitator in project management due her soft-spoken voice and she could not express herself clearly. - The first venue was not appropriate for the workshop due to its impractical setting. However, the second venue was practical and appropriate for the workshop. The following main recommendations were made: (1) The Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) is recommended for programme evaluation not only to evaluate programme monitoring or outcome evaluation, but also for all the phases in the model. (2) The asset-based model is recommended to replace the so-called expert model, not only to bring improvement, but also change. (3) Staff including management must attend the community leadership programme to have a better understanding of participatory management and leadership. (4) Adult learning principles and experiential learning techniques must be applied in the implementation of the programme and minimise written assignments. Hope and Timmel (1994:103) stress that education should stress learning more than teaching in situations where adults could discover answers and solutions for themselves. , Prof. J.B.S. Nel
- Full Text:
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