Die seksuele mishandeling van kinders
- Authors: Cloete, Christelle
- Date: 2008-10-27T06:36:45Z
- Subjects: Sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse , Incest
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13181 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1320
- Description: M.A. , “Child abuse and neglect is a serious and growing problem. In 1994, the South African Police Service’s Child Protection Unit dealt with 22911 cases of child abuse, which represents a 36% increase over the previous year” (Staatskoerant, no. 18166:60). , Prof. A. Senekal Dr. E. Oliphant
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cloete, Christelle
- Date: 2008-10-27T06:36:45Z
- Subjects: Sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse , Incest
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13181 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1320
- Description: M.A. , “Child abuse and neglect is a serious and growing problem. In 1994, the South African Police Service’s Child Protection Unit dealt with 22911 cases of child abuse, which represents a 36% increase over the previous year” (Staatskoerant, no. 18166:60). , Prof. A. Senekal Dr. E. Oliphant
- Full Text:
Hypnotherapy and childhood sexual abuse: the experiences of adult survivors
- Authors: Battiss, Benita
- Date: 2008-10-29T12:23:25Z
- Subjects: Hypnotism , Child sexual abuse , Adult child sexual abuse victims , Rational-emotive psychotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13812 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1410
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , Incidence and prevalence rates of child sexual abuse and incest are shockingly high. Children of both genders are sexually abused every 25 minutes in South Africa. This abuse results in emotional, spiritual, social, interpersonal, sexual, psychosomatic, neurological and cognitive disturbances. Many of these consequences persist into adulthood. Adult survivors do not always link their symptoms or problems with their childhood sexual abuse experiences. Those that do seek help for those symptoms only in adulthood. Specialised treatment models have been developed for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. These treatment approaches neglect the spiritual consequences of childhood sexual abuse and have overlooked the value of incorporating the religious or spiritual beliefs of clients into the therapy. Hypnotherapeutic strategies have been successful in treating traumatic conditions, yet, they are not intended for treatment of adult survivors of childhood incest and sexual abuse. This study results in an understanding of the long-term spiritual consequences of adult abuse survivors. A treatment approach, integrating concepts of existing abuse focused models, hypnotherapeutic strategies and the spiritual beliefs of clients is developed to compensate for the aforementioned limitations. To enhance the treatment outcome, principles of Tibetan psychology and rational-emotive therapy were integrated into the treatment approach. The experiences of five female adult survivors’ of the long-term spiritual consequences of the abuse, and their experiences of the hypnotherapeutic approach was assessed in a pilot study. Questions regarding the consequences of the abuse, hypnosis and spirituality were included in the pilot study questionnaire. The results obtained from this study were integrated into the intervention study. The intervention study also consisted of five adult females and the therapy process was defined with reference to the long-term consequences and strategies comprising five modalities (spiritual concepts, Tibetan psychology, cognitive therapy, hypnotherapy, and existing incest focused treatment models). The data obtained from the pilot and intervention studies were qualitatively analysed within an action research methodology. The action research approach consists of four action research cycles. The first cycle comprised the literature review; the second the pilot study; the third the intervention study, and; the fourth, an integration of the above cycles. Findings obtained from the pilot study showed that participants do suffer serious long-term spiritual consequences as a result of having been sexually abused as children. Participants of the pilot study unanimously concluded that the hypnotherapeutic strategies made the therapy more meaningful for them. This corresponds with findings from clinically researched studies. Participants particularly benefited from their visualisations, their self-hypnosis audio-tapes, breathing techniques and from the integration of their personal spiritual beliefs and visualisations into the therapy. The hypnotic trance resulted in greater recall of childhood memories. The interpersonal functioning of the participants improved as well as feelings of guilt, sadness, fear and anger. Conclusions drawn from the interventions study indicate that the synthesis of strategies obtained from the four modalities proved to be a valuable therapeutic treatment approach with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. As a direct result of the therapy clients were able to heal many negative consequences of the abuse. Clients established healthier interpersonal boundaries, resolved feelings of sadness, fear, aggression, resentment and self-doubt. A few clients formed healthier body-images, became more assertive and self-confident. Certain clients were able to forgive the perpetrators and others found it easier to interact with the perpetrators after their therapy. Furthermore, clients were able to find meaning in their abuse experiences and some decided to be of service to mankind after their therapy. This study is a comprehensive guideline for professionals working with such survivors. Findings in this study may assist professionals to acquire an understanding of the experience of childhood sexual abuse and hypnotherapy as experienced by female survivors. It provides insight into the long-term psychological and spiritual consequences suffered from the abuse. It is hoped that the findings of this study will inform future research, contribute towards theory-building in this field, and assist professionals with their clinical practices. , Prof. W.J. Schoeman Dr. R. Pelser.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Battiss, Benita
- Date: 2008-10-29T12:23:25Z
- Subjects: Hypnotism , Child sexual abuse , Adult child sexual abuse victims , Rational-emotive psychotherapy
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:13812 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1410
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , Incidence and prevalence rates of child sexual abuse and incest are shockingly high. Children of both genders are sexually abused every 25 minutes in South Africa. This abuse results in emotional, spiritual, social, interpersonal, sexual, psychosomatic, neurological and cognitive disturbances. Many of these consequences persist into adulthood. Adult survivors do not always link their symptoms or problems with their childhood sexual abuse experiences. Those that do seek help for those symptoms only in adulthood. Specialised treatment models have been developed for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. These treatment approaches neglect the spiritual consequences of childhood sexual abuse and have overlooked the value of incorporating the religious or spiritual beliefs of clients into the therapy. Hypnotherapeutic strategies have been successful in treating traumatic conditions, yet, they are not intended for treatment of adult survivors of childhood incest and sexual abuse. This study results in an understanding of the long-term spiritual consequences of adult abuse survivors. A treatment approach, integrating concepts of existing abuse focused models, hypnotherapeutic strategies and the spiritual beliefs of clients is developed to compensate for the aforementioned limitations. To enhance the treatment outcome, principles of Tibetan psychology and rational-emotive therapy were integrated into the treatment approach. The experiences of five female adult survivors’ of the long-term spiritual consequences of the abuse, and their experiences of the hypnotherapeutic approach was assessed in a pilot study. Questions regarding the consequences of the abuse, hypnosis and spirituality were included in the pilot study questionnaire. The results obtained from this study were integrated into the intervention study. The intervention study also consisted of five adult females and the therapy process was defined with reference to the long-term consequences and strategies comprising five modalities (spiritual concepts, Tibetan psychology, cognitive therapy, hypnotherapy, and existing incest focused treatment models). The data obtained from the pilot and intervention studies were qualitatively analysed within an action research methodology. The action research approach consists of four action research cycles. The first cycle comprised the literature review; the second the pilot study; the third the intervention study, and; the fourth, an integration of the above cycles. Findings obtained from the pilot study showed that participants do suffer serious long-term spiritual consequences as a result of having been sexually abused as children. Participants of the pilot study unanimously concluded that the hypnotherapeutic strategies made the therapy more meaningful for them. This corresponds with findings from clinically researched studies. Participants particularly benefited from their visualisations, their self-hypnosis audio-tapes, breathing techniques and from the integration of their personal spiritual beliefs and visualisations into the therapy. The hypnotic trance resulted in greater recall of childhood memories. The interpersonal functioning of the participants improved as well as feelings of guilt, sadness, fear and anger. Conclusions drawn from the interventions study indicate that the synthesis of strategies obtained from the four modalities proved to be a valuable therapeutic treatment approach with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. As a direct result of the therapy clients were able to heal many negative consequences of the abuse. Clients established healthier interpersonal boundaries, resolved feelings of sadness, fear, aggression, resentment and self-doubt. A few clients formed healthier body-images, became more assertive and self-confident. Certain clients were able to forgive the perpetrators and others found it easier to interact with the perpetrators after their therapy. Furthermore, clients were able to find meaning in their abuse experiences and some decided to be of service to mankind after their therapy. This study is a comprehensive guideline for professionals working with such survivors. Findings in this study may assist professionals to acquire an understanding of the experience of childhood sexual abuse and hypnotherapy as experienced by female survivors. It provides insight into the long-term psychological and spiritual consequences suffered from the abuse. It is hoped that the findings of this study will inform future research, contribute towards theory-building in this field, and assist professionals with their clinical practices. , Prof. W.J. Schoeman Dr. R. Pelser.
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An examination of the graphological indicators of sexual abuse
- Authors: Lowe, Patrick
- Date: 2008-11-06T07:24:32Z
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Diagnostic use of graphology
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:14593 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1514
- Description: M.A.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Lowe, Patrick
- Date: 2008-11-06T07:24:32Z
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Diagnostic use of graphology
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:14593 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1514
- Description: M.A.
- Full Text:
Exploring the healing process of female adult survivors of childhood abuse
- Authors: Reichert, Lelani
- Date: 2008-11-12T07:05:26Z
- Subjects: Adult child sexual abuse victims , Sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse , Child abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:14659 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1622
- Description: M.A. , The incidence of child abuse in southern Africa is problematic to such an extent that it is described by Machel (as cited in Richter, Dawes & Higson-Smith, 2004. p. ix) as "an assault, a war upon our children". The numbers and estimates surrounding, not only sexual abuse, but also physical abuse seem to be rising exponentially. This leads to the obvious deduction that adult survivors are also rising exponentially, and as such need focus and care, since the aftermath of abuse is far reaching, impacting every sphere of their lives. Destructive behaviour and thought patterns characterise all aspects of their interaction with the self and others, which paints a bleak and painful picture for their futures. To compound the aftermath, very few studies have focused on aspects beyond the aftermath, few have gone on to explain and focus attention on whether healing can take place, and if so, how it can be brought about. This important source of hope for the survivors has been neglected for far too long, leaving the survivors struggling with the question of whether positive change is at all possible? This study aims to address that question and to focus on the experience of the process of healing. The participants were members of a support group for survivors. A qualitative approach was followed with the focus on conceptual analysis. Two open-ended questionnaires were constructed. The first questionnaire was administered pre-intervention and the second questionnaire post-intervention. As a qualitative study, information is included regarding the researcher's experience, and is interpreted from the researcher's perspective. It was found that growth and change is indeed possible. Participants showed more insight into their behaviour and actions and were mostly able to cease destructive behaviours, achieve positive goals set for themselves, or were at least in the process of changing some aspects they felt needed attention. Due to analysis taking place on a group, as well as, individual level, individual differences became very visible. In this study, those aspects participants still found problematic were also highlighted. It is suggested that those aspects be scrutinised in future studies. A reflection on the healing process also occurred and is viewed as a platform for future studies to build on.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Reichert, Lelani
- Date: 2008-11-12T07:05:26Z
- Subjects: Adult child sexual abuse victims , Sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse , Child abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:14659 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1622
- Description: M.A. , The incidence of child abuse in southern Africa is problematic to such an extent that it is described by Machel (as cited in Richter, Dawes & Higson-Smith, 2004. p. ix) as "an assault, a war upon our children". The numbers and estimates surrounding, not only sexual abuse, but also physical abuse seem to be rising exponentially. This leads to the obvious deduction that adult survivors are also rising exponentially, and as such need focus and care, since the aftermath of abuse is far reaching, impacting every sphere of their lives. Destructive behaviour and thought patterns characterise all aspects of their interaction with the self and others, which paints a bleak and painful picture for their futures. To compound the aftermath, very few studies have focused on aspects beyond the aftermath, few have gone on to explain and focus attention on whether healing can take place, and if so, how it can be brought about. This important source of hope for the survivors has been neglected for far too long, leaving the survivors struggling with the question of whether positive change is at all possible? This study aims to address that question and to focus on the experience of the process of healing. The participants were members of a support group for survivors. A qualitative approach was followed with the focus on conceptual analysis. Two open-ended questionnaires were constructed. The first questionnaire was administered pre-intervention and the second questionnaire post-intervention. As a qualitative study, information is included regarding the researcher's experience, and is interpreted from the researcher's perspective. It was found that growth and change is indeed possible. Participants showed more insight into their behaviour and actions and were mostly able to cease destructive behaviours, achieve positive goals set for themselves, or were at least in the process of changing some aspects they felt needed attention. Due to analysis taking place on a group, as well as, individual level, individual differences became very visible. In this study, those aspects participants still found problematic were also highlighted. It is suggested that those aspects be scrutinised in future studies. A reflection on the healing process also occurred and is viewed as a platform for future studies to build on.
- Full Text:
Mans wat kinders molesteer: 'n hipno-ontleding
- Authors: Wolfaardt, Lize
- Date: 2008-11-14T14:17:13Z
- Subjects: Child molesters , Child sexual abuse , Sexually abused children
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/377383 , uj:14683 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1677
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , The sexual molestation of children is one of the most pressing problems of our times. Considering that as many as one in every four girls, and one in every ten boys are sexually victimized as children, the sexual molestation of children seems to be a common occurrence. Child sexual abuse results in emotional symptoms such as depression, low self esteem, sexual disfunction, impaired health, eating disorders and other emotional disturbances. The vast number of children being subjected to sexual molestation, as well as the cost in terms of human suffering, necessitates studies that focus on determining why certain individuals violate sexual boundaries with children. Mainstream theories and research to date only focus on the conscious functioning of men who sexually molest children. The focus is therefore only on the description of the outward manifestation of symptoms. Research to date does not succeed in describing the mechanisms or processes that culminate in the sexual molestation of children. This study represents a first step in addressing this void in the body of knowledge pertaining to men who sexually molest children. By means of a method of analysis, namely Medical Hypnoanalysis, the subconscious thought patterns of two males, which culminated in the molestation of children, were revealed, described and explained. The problem statement and purpose of the study, namely to reveal, describe and explain the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns which eventually culminated in the molestation of children, inspired a qualitative multiple case study as a research design. After an in-depth analysis of each individual case, the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns of the two cases were integrated with each other by means of a cross case analysis. The cross case analysis enabled the researcher to develop detailed explanations, better insight and theories pertaining to the subconscious thought patterns underlying the sexual molestation of children. The cross case analysis was integrated with the theory of Medical Hypnoanalysis to form a general psychological structure consisting of the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns of men who molest children. The general psychological structure was subsequently integrated with previous literature, which allowed for the development of new theory. This study has found that the absence of love, which was experienced since the prenatal period, and intensified throughout, resulted in the perception of worthlessness. The absence of love led to an insecurity with regards to the self and a feeling of spiritual emptiness, a death-like feeling. Without love a person cannot survive; without love life is just not worthwhile. The subconscious mind is genetically programmed to survive, and is therefore compelled to engineer ways to establish survival. For various reasons, sexual interaction became the proof to the two molesters in this study that they were loved, that they were worthy, and thus alive. Sexual interaction was therefore the way in which survival was established. For both molesters, sexual interaction developed into a compulsion. Their emotional and spiritual survival were threatened whenever they were deprived of sexual interaction. This led to severe anxiety, which was provided by the subconscious mind in order to compel the men to have sexual interaction, and survive. It is this compulsion, together with the fact that both respondents’ emotional development was arrested at an earlier age, which led to the sexual molestation of children. The study was concluded with recommendations to psychologists on how to treat men who molest children.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Wolfaardt, Lize
- Date: 2008-11-14T14:17:13Z
- Subjects: Child molesters , Child sexual abuse , Sexually abused children
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/377383 , uj:14683 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1677
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , The sexual molestation of children is one of the most pressing problems of our times. Considering that as many as one in every four girls, and one in every ten boys are sexually victimized as children, the sexual molestation of children seems to be a common occurrence. Child sexual abuse results in emotional symptoms such as depression, low self esteem, sexual disfunction, impaired health, eating disorders and other emotional disturbances. The vast number of children being subjected to sexual molestation, as well as the cost in terms of human suffering, necessitates studies that focus on determining why certain individuals violate sexual boundaries with children. Mainstream theories and research to date only focus on the conscious functioning of men who sexually molest children. The focus is therefore only on the description of the outward manifestation of symptoms. Research to date does not succeed in describing the mechanisms or processes that culminate in the sexual molestation of children. This study represents a first step in addressing this void in the body of knowledge pertaining to men who sexually molest children. By means of a method of analysis, namely Medical Hypnoanalysis, the subconscious thought patterns of two males, which culminated in the molestation of children, were revealed, described and explained. The problem statement and purpose of the study, namely to reveal, describe and explain the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns which eventually culminated in the molestation of children, inspired a qualitative multiple case study as a research design. After an in-depth analysis of each individual case, the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns of the two cases were integrated with each other by means of a cross case analysis. The cross case analysis enabled the researcher to develop detailed explanations, better insight and theories pertaining to the subconscious thought patterns underlying the sexual molestation of children. The cross case analysis was integrated with the theory of Medical Hypnoanalysis to form a general psychological structure consisting of the dynamic development and course of the subconscious thought patterns of men who molest children. The general psychological structure was subsequently integrated with previous literature, which allowed for the development of new theory. This study has found that the absence of love, which was experienced since the prenatal period, and intensified throughout, resulted in the perception of worthlessness. The absence of love led to an insecurity with regards to the self and a feeling of spiritual emptiness, a death-like feeling. Without love a person cannot survive; without love life is just not worthwhile. The subconscious mind is genetically programmed to survive, and is therefore compelled to engineer ways to establish survival. For various reasons, sexual interaction became the proof to the two molesters in this study that they were loved, that they were worthy, and thus alive. Sexual interaction was therefore the way in which survival was established. For both molesters, sexual interaction developed into a compulsion. Their emotional and spiritual survival were threatened whenever they were deprived of sexual interaction. This led to severe anxiety, which was provided by the subconscious mind in order to compel the men to have sexual interaction, and survive. It is this compulsion, together with the fact that both respondents’ emotional development was arrested at an earlier age, which led to the sexual molestation of children. The study was concluded with recommendations to psychologists on how to treat men who molest children.
- Full Text:
The lived experiences of non-abusive mothers whose children were sexually abused by their intimate male partners
- Authors: Chauke, Audrey Patricia
- Date: 2011-11-21
- Subjects: Mothers of sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1707 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4050
- Description: M.A. , Child sexual abuse is a phenomenon that affects children all over the world. Over the past years we have seen an increase in child sexual abuse cases being reported (Richter and Dawes (2008). Parents and professionals are all concerned about children's safety, and the alarming number of cases reported daily makes it an even more difficult and destructive phenomenon to deal with. The South African government have gone to great lengths to put measures in place to protect our children. The new Child Care Act (act 38 of 2005) which came into effect in 2008, acknowledge certain rights of children, sets out principles relating to the care and protection of children, defines parental responsibilities and rights, and it makes provision for matters such as children's courts, adoption, child abduction and surrogate motherhood. There are currently scores of literature on child sexual abuse, but hardly any could be found that specifically relate to the non-abusive mothers and their experiences. The aims of the current study are: 1) to explore the lived experiences of non-abusive mothers whose children have been sexually abused by their intimate male partners, and 2) to add to the discourse of sexual abuse within the South African context. It is imperative to understand the experiences of non-abusive mothers, as this will provide new insights into our understanding of a phenomenon like child sexual abuse. The investigation elicited some of the common themes, thoughts and feelings, which describe the experiences that non-abusive mothers share. In order to conceptualise the experiences of non-abusive mothers, this study drew upon an existential phenomenological framework. This framework is useful, as it allows for mothers' own subjective experiences, and their own interpretations and understanding of these experiences to come to the fore, as opposed to the researcher's understanding of the non-abusive mothers' experiences. Non-abusive mothers seem to go through a similar process as those who grief the loss of a loved one, or who has experienced some kind of loss in their lives. This study elicited some of the themes that correspond with this process of grief. The experience for each of the mothers has been different; however there are commonalities in the way in which they describe their experiences. It would seem that non-abusive mothers experience an intense and overwhelming sense of loss, anger, disbelief, blame, shock, guilt, and depression.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chauke, Audrey Patricia
- Date: 2011-11-21
- Subjects: Mothers of sexually abused children , Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:1707 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4050
- Description: M.A. , Child sexual abuse is a phenomenon that affects children all over the world. Over the past years we have seen an increase in child sexual abuse cases being reported (Richter and Dawes (2008). Parents and professionals are all concerned about children's safety, and the alarming number of cases reported daily makes it an even more difficult and destructive phenomenon to deal with. The South African government have gone to great lengths to put measures in place to protect our children. The new Child Care Act (act 38 of 2005) which came into effect in 2008, acknowledge certain rights of children, sets out principles relating to the care and protection of children, defines parental responsibilities and rights, and it makes provision for matters such as children's courts, adoption, child abduction and surrogate motherhood. There are currently scores of literature on child sexual abuse, but hardly any could be found that specifically relate to the non-abusive mothers and their experiences. The aims of the current study are: 1) to explore the lived experiences of non-abusive mothers whose children have been sexually abused by their intimate male partners, and 2) to add to the discourse of sexual abuse within the South African context. It is imperative to understand the experiences of non-abusive mothers, as this will provide new insights into our understanding of a phenomenon like child sexual abuse. The investigation elicited some of the common themes, thoughts and feelings, which describe the experiences that non-abusive mothers share. In order to conceptualise the experiences of non-abusive mothers, this study drew upon an existential phenomenological framework. This framework is useful, as it allows for mothers' own subjective experiences, and their own interpretations and understanding of these experiences to come to the fore, as opposed to the researcher's understanding of the non-abusive mothers' experiences. Non-abusive mothers seem to go through a similar process as those who grief the loss of a loved one, or who has experienced some kind of loss in their lives. This study elicited some of the themes that correspond with this process of grief. The experience for each of the mothers has been different; however there are commonalities in the way in which they describe their experiences. It would seem that non-abusive mothers experience an intense and overwhelming sense of loss, anger, disbelief, blame, shock, guilt, and depression.
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Child molesters' experience of seeking forgiveness : a phenomenological exploration
- Authors: Maboea, Dimakatso
- Date: 2012-07-03
- Subjects: Forgiveness - Therapeutic use , Child molesters , Child sexual abuse , Sex offenders , Sex offenders - Psychology
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8784 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5142
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , Forgiveness is generally a controversial phenomenon within the psychological literature. While it is regarded by feminist scholars like Lamb (2005) as part of an oppressive societal discourse that is harmful to victims of sexual violation, researchers on forgiveness provide empirical data that links seeking forgiveness and forgiving to psychological well-being. The psychological benefits of seeking forgiveness are documented in the two studies undertaken by Meek, Albright and McMinn (1995) and Witvliet, Ludwig and Bauer (2002). Studies conducted by Freedman and Enright (1996), Coyle and Enright (1997), Gisi & D'amato (2000), Worthington Jr, Kurusu, Collins, Ripley and Baler (2000) provide evidence of the existence of a positive correlation between forgiving and psychological well-being. In the midst of the forgiveness controversy, offending individuals continue to make pleas for forgiveness. Forgiveness-seeking models presented by Schmidt (1995) and Ashby (2003a, 2003b) show that an offender can engage in a genuine forgiveness-seeking effort. A perpetrator's experience of seeking forgiveness is documented in a forgivenessseeking model developed by Schmidt (1995) and the two presented by Ashby (2003a, 2003b). These three forgiveness-seeking models are problematic because they are not based on any empirical foundations. This exploratory phenomenological study was undertaken to empirically identify the essential features of a child molester's experience of seeking forgiveness. The three pilot study respondents (PC, PI, PW1) and the three respondents (P1 ,P2,P3) who were part of the study's sample were recruited from Childline Durban in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. While the three forgiveness models presented by Schmidt (1995) and Ashby (2003a, 2003b) suggest that offenders can engage in genuine forgiveness-seeking endeavours, perpetrators of child sexual abuse are, however, not generally perceived as the type of offenders that could seek forgiveness authentically. Child molesters are generally mistakenly perceived as psychopathic and sadistic beings, incapable of seeking forgiveness (lvey & Simpson, 1998). This common perception of child molesters necessitated an in-depth exploration of the literature on child sexual abuse and a pilot study. The literature review on child sexual abuse assisted the researcher to identify the psychological constellation of a male child molester for the purpose of determining whether a male child molester's psychological make-up will enable him to consider seeking or seeking forgiveness. The literature review on child sexual abuse indicated that some male child molesters may be able to engage in authentic forgiveness-seeking endeavours. Child molesters who do not have antisocial, psychopathic, narcissistic tendencies and those who are not alexithymic can make genuine attempts to seek forgiveness.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Maboea, Dimakatso
- Date: 2012-07-03
- Subjects: Forgiveness - Therapeutic use , Child molesters , Child sexual abuse , Sex offenders , Sex offenders - Psychology
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:8784 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5142
- Description: D.Litt. et Phil. , Forgiveness is generally a controversial phenomenon within the psychological literature. While it is regarded by feminist scholars like Lamb (2005) as part of an oppressive societal discourse that is harmful to victims of sexual violation, researchers on forgiveness provide empirical data that links seeking forgiveness and forgiving to psychological well-being. The psychological benefits of seeking forgiveness are documented in the two studies undertaken by Meek, Albright and McMinn (1995) and Witvliet, Ludwig and Bauer (2002). Studies conducted by Freedman and Enright (1996), Coyle and Enright (1997), Gisi & D'amato (2000), Worthington Jr, Kurusu, Collins, Ripley and Baler (2000) provide evidence of the existence of a positive correlation between forgiving and psychological well-being. In the midst of the forgiveness controversy, offending individuals continue to make pleas for forgiveness. Forgiveness-seeking models presented by Schmidt (1995) and Ashby (2003a, 2003b) show that an offender can engage in a genuine forgiveness-seeking effort. A perpetrator's experience of seeking forgiveness is documented in a forgivenessseeking model developed by Schmidt (1995) and the two presented by Ashby (2003a, 2003b). These three forgiveness-seeking models are problematic because they are not based on any empirical foundations. This exploratory phenomenological study was undertaken to empirically identify the essential features of a child molester's experience of seeking forgiveness. The three pilot study respondents (PC, PI, PW1) and the three respondents (P1 ,P2,P3) who were part of the study's sample were recruited from Childline Durban in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. While the three forgiveness models presented by Schmidt (1995) and Ashby (2003a, 2003b) suggest that offenders can engage in genuine forgiveness-seeking endeavours, perpetrators of child sexual abuse are, however, not generally perceived as the type of offenders that could seek forgiveness authentically. Child molesters are generally mistakenly perceived as psychopathic and sadistic beings, incapable of seeking forgiveness (lvey & Simpson, 1998). This common perception of child molesters necessitated an in-depth exploration of the literature on child sexual abuse and a pilot study. The literature review on child sexual abuse assisted the researcher to identify the psychological constellation of a male child molester for the purpose of determining whether a male child molester's psychological make-up will enable him to consider seeking or seeking forgiveness. The literature review on child sexual abuse indicated that some male child molesters may be able to engage in authentic forgiveness-seeking endeavours. Child molesters who do not have antisocial, psychopathic, narcissistic tendencies and those who are not alexithymic can make genuine attempts to seek forgiveness.
- Full Text:
A study of child-on-child sexual abuse of children under 12 years
- Authors: Omar, Shaheda Bibi
- Date: 2012-11-13
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7387 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8185
- Description: D.Litt et.Phil. , Parents, educators, police officers, social workers, psychologists, the courts and child and youth care workers have raised important concerns about the increase of child-on-child sexual abuse among children younger than 12 years and their limited understanding of this phenomenon. New policy and legislation places the emphasis on assessment and intervention that takes account of the rights of children in conflict with the law including victims and the need for the diversion of children from the criminal justice system. The aim and objectives of the study are to explore the nature of child-on-child sexual abuse and their social and familial contexts with the view to making recommendations to inform assessment and intervention for children in conflict with the law. A descriptive and exploratory research design was employed. A mixed methods research design consisting of a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used. A non-probability, purposive sampling method was used for both the quantitative and qualitative part of the study based on predetermined selection criteria. In the quantitative component of the study, a questionnaire was administered to 50 boys between 6 and 12 years and to their mothers who were referred to The Teddy Bear Clinic for treatment for sexual acting out behaviours. The qualitative study consisted of a detailed analysis of six case files. The information gathered from the document study was over a longer period of time and consisted of more detailed information. O’Brien and Bera’s (1986) classification of young sex offenders guided the social worker’s assessment of the respondents who were in turn classified according to the levels of risk they presented to society. The findings confirm that this phenomenon exists with the youngest perpetrators in this study being six years old (2%). The majority of the respondents (66%) were 12 years of age and were engaged in more severe or intrusive sexualised behaviour such as attempted rape and rape (48%) and less severe behaviour such as touching of genitals (16%). About 60% of the boys were in the senior primary school. Thus this age group which marks the pubescent phase of development should be considered to be a high risk group to child sexual offending.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Omar, Shaheda Bibi
- Date: 2012-11-13
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7387 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8185
- Description: D.Litt et.Phil. , Parents, educators, police officers, social workers, psychologists, the courts and child and youth care workers have raised important concerns about the increase of child-on-child sexual abuse among children younger than 12 years and their limited understanding of this phenomenon. New policy and legislation places the emphasis on assessment and intervention that takes account of the rights of children in conflict with the law including victims and the need for the diversion of children from the criminal justice system. The aim and objectives of the study are to explore the nature of child-on-child sexual abuse and their social and familial contexts with the view to making recommendations to inform assessment and intervention for children in conflict with the law. A descriptive and exploratory research design was employed. A mixed methods research design consisting of a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used. A non-probability, purposive sampling method was used for both the quantitative and qualitative part of the study based on predetermined selection criteria. In the quantitative component of the study, a questionnaire was administered to 50 boys between 6 and 12 years and to their mothers who were referred to The Teddy Bear Clinic for treatment for sexual acting out behaviours. The qualitative study consisted of a detailed analysis of six case files. The information gathered from the document study was over a longer period of time and consisted of more detailed information. O’Brien and Bera’s (1986) classification of young sex offenders guided the social worker’s assessment of the respondents who were in turn classified according to the levels of risk they presented to society. The findings confirm that this phenomenon exists with the youngest perpetrators in this study being six years old (2%). The majority of the respondents (66%) were 12 years of age and were engaged in more severe or intrusive sexualised behaviour such as attempted rape and rape (48%) and less severe behaviour such as touching of genitals (16%). About 60% of the boys were in the senior primary school. Thus this age group which marks the pubescent phase of development should be considered to be a high risk group to child sexual offending.
- Full Text:
Seksuele kindermolestering
- Authors: Naude, Martin David Jacobus
- Date: 2014-07-23
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Sexual harassment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11757 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11484
- Description: M.A. , The sexual molesting of children is a phenomenon that can definitely not be ignored. In April 1989 the Minister of Law and Order intimated in his opening address at a symposium that this phenomenon should certainly not be allowed to spread like a cancer throughout. society. In reality the' sexual molesting of children has a long history throughout many centuries. Sexual child molesting is currently prominently in the forefront since the exposure of this phenomenon in 1988. The South African Police have established Child Protection units country-wide to establish a support system with regard to combatting this phenomenon. Two aims of this study are, amongst others, specifically to determine the profile of the child molester and to determine the origin, functioning and procedure of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police. This study is primarily of an investigative nature since it is aimed at obtaining insight and gaining understanding. The study can also be defined as self-initiated research due to the researcher's interest in the phe,nomenon of child molesting as such. The most important methods followed to realize this study were that firstly a thorough literature study was conducted. Secondly, a pilot investigation was carried out by means of a structured questionnaire that was completed by members of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Four questionnaires were completed and in such a way deficiencies could be identified and eliminated. This structured questionnaire was sent country-wide for completion by Child Protection units. Thirdly, observation through participation was applied in that the researcher entered the milieu of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Lastly, information was continuously documented and systematized in the study.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Naude, Martin David Jacobus
- Date: 2014-07-23
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Sexual harassment
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:11757 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11484
- Description: M.A. , The sexual molesting of children is a phenomenon that can definitely not be ignored. In April 1989 the Minister of Law and Order intimated in his opening address at a symposium that this phenomenon should certainly not be allowed to spread like a cancer throughout. society. In reality the' sexual molesting of children has a long history throughout many centuries. Sexual child molesting is currently prominently in the forefront since the exposure of this phenomenon in 1988. The South African Police have established Child Protection units country-wide to establish a support system with regard to combatting this phenomenon. Two aims of this study are, amongst others, specifically to determine the profile of the child molester and to determine the origin, functioning and procedure of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police. This study is primarily of an investigative nature since it is aimed at obtaining insight and gaining understanding. The study can also be defined as self-initiated research due to the researcher's interest in the phe,nomenon of child molesting as such. The most important methods followed to realize this study were that firstly a thorough literature study was conducted. Secondly, a pilot investigation was carried out by means of a structured questionnaire that was completed by members of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Four questionnaires were completed and in such a way deficiencies could be identified and eliminated. This structured questionnaire was sent country-wide for completion by Child Protection units. Thirdly, observation through participation was applied in that the researcher entered the milieu of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Lastly, information was continuously documented and systematized in the study.
- Full Text:
Gesinsopvoeding en die risiko van seksuele misbruik van kinders
- Authors: Fouche, Olga
- Date: 2014-08-12
- Subjects: Family life education , Parent and child - South Africa - Case studies , Child sexual abuse , Sexually abused children - South Africa - Family relationships
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12035 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11784
- Description: M.Ed. (Socio-Education)) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Fouche, Olga
- Date: 2014-08-12
- Subjects: Family life education , Parent and child - South Africa - Case studies , Child sexual abuse , Sexually abused children - South Africa - Family relationships
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12035 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11784
- Description: M.Ed. (Socio-Education)) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Child sexual abuse as a contributory factor in irritable bowel syndrome : a literature review
- Authors: Tucker, Raelene
- Date: 2014-08-27
- Subjects: Irritable colon - Research - South Africa , Irritable colon - Psychosomatic aspects , Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12168 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11910
- Description: M.A. (Counselling Psychology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tucker, Raelene
- Date: 2014-08-27
- Subjects: Irritable colon - Research - South Africa , Irritable colon - Psychosomatic aspects , Child sexual abuse
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:12168 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11910
- Description: M.A. (Counselling Psychology) , Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
The manifestation of interactional resilience among children who have experienced sexual abuse
- Authors: Mashabane, Lindiwe Pinkie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Abused children - Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/454510 , uj:40194
- Description: Abstract: This study contributes to the literature on resilience, with the focus on the interactional resilience of children who have experienced sexual abuse as an adversity. Authors who have studied resilience have mentioned the challenges that were experienced in their attempts to define the term. Resilience is linked to an adversity that is experienced by an individual, the impact of such an adversity, and the individual’s ability to bounce back from the adversity. In South Africa, child sexual abuse (CSA) is reported to be escalating on a daily basis. CSA has vast consequences for CSA victims, and it also has an impact on their development into adulthood. CSA victims leverage several processes from themselves and from their environment for them to develop resilience. CSA victims need to create a positive self for themselves in order to develop resilience; they need to convince themselves that they are capable of helping themselves. This happens before they develop a need to rely on their environment. CSA victims who know that they are strong (that they have a strong heart and a strong mind) are capable of bouncing back, because such an understanding about themselves enables them to develop a need to help themselves. Working with the self of a CSA victim is an imperative process, which can help them to develop resilience and to bounce back to normality... , M.A. (Community Development)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mashabane, Lindiwe Pinkie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Child sexual abuse , Abused children - Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/454510 , uj:40194
- Description: Abstract: This study contributes to the literature on resilience, with the focus on the interactional resilience of children who have experienced sexual abuse as an adversity. Authors who have studied resilience have mentioned the challenges that were experienced in their attempts to define the term. Resilience is linked to an adversity that is experienced by an individual, the impact of such an adversity, and the individual’s ability to bounce back from the adversity. In South Africa, child sexual abuse (CSA) is reported to be escalating on a daily basis. CSA has vast consequences for CSA victims, and it also has an impact on their development into adulthood. CSA victims leverage several processes from themselves and from their environment for them to develop resilience. CSA victims need to create a positive self for themselves in order to develop resilience; they need to convince themselves that they are capable of helping themselves. This happens before they develop a need to rely on their environment. CSA victims who know that they are strong (that they have a strong heart and a strong mind) are capable of bouncing back, because such an understanding about themselves enables them to develop a need to help themselves. Working with the self of a CSA victim is an imperative process, which can help them to develop resilience and to bounce back to normality... , M.A. (Community Development)
- Full Text:
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