Adult first-time user of handheld computer system : challenges
- Authors: Toko, Guy , Mnkandla, Ernest
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Handheld computer system , Adult , First-time user
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/428926 , uj:36908 , Toko, G., Mnkandla, E.: Adult first-time user of handheld computer system : challenges.
- Description: Abstract: Handheld computing systems or devices can be defined as exceptionally portable, independent information management and communication devices. Furthermore, handheld computing systems or devices can be seen as a small or pocket-sized computing device with a touch screen keyboard and input and output interface. According to the definition of handheld computing systems, numerous devices fit the description such as smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and pagers. However, adult first- time users of computer systems face different issues in adopting the device and the literature reviewed shows that most of them have difficulties with the design, such as the touch screen. The negative views of technology devices by adult first-time users can be attributed to the difficulty in adapting to new technology. Weakness, incapacity, distrust of technology, absence of perceived value and trouble in understanding how to utilise the device are largely the main problems observed by adult first-time users of handheld computer systems. However, they could accept the use of the devices provided their needs are taken into consideration by the developers. The limitation of the research was that only adults in the age range of 55 to 91 in Gauteng in South Africa were chosen for this research.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Toko, Guy , Mnkandla, Ernest
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Handheld computer system , Adult , First-time user
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/428926 , uj:36908 , Toko, G., Mnkandla, E.: Adult first-time user of handheld computer system : challenges.
- Description: Abstract: Handheld computing systems or devices can be defined as exceptionally portable, independent information management and communication devices. Furthermore, handheld computing systems or devices can be seen as a small or pocket-sized computing device with a touch screen keyboard and input and output interface. According to the definition of handheld computing systems, numerous devices fit the description such as smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and pagers. However, adult first- time users of computer systems face different issues in adopting the device and the literature reviewed shows that most of them have difficulties with the design, such as the touch screen. The negative views of technology devices by adult first-time users can be attributed to the difficulty in adapting to new technology. Weakness, incapacity, distrust of technology, absence of perceived value and trouble in understanding how to utilise the device are largely the main problems observed by adult first-time users of handheld computer systems. However, they could accept the use of the devices provided their needs are taken into consideration by the developers. The limitation of the research was that only adults in the age range of 55 to 91 in Gauteng in South Africa were chosen for this research.
- Full Text:
An analysis of corporate governance in the big four auditing firms in South Africa
- Smith, Rozanne Janet, Marx, Ben
- Authors: Smith, Rozanne Janet , Marx, Ben
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Corporate Governance , Audit Firms , Corporate Failures
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461614 , uj:41122 , Citation: Smith, R.J. & Marx, B. 2020. An analysis of corporate governance in the big four auditing firms in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: The spate of corporate failures around the world, such as Enron, WorldCom, AIG and more recently Patisserie Valerie and Steinhoff has attracted considerable attention from corporate regulators and professional bodies. One of the many victims of these failures has been the reputation of audit firms, the audit process and the accounting profession in general. Audit failures are the product of the values governing auditing firms. Good audit firm governance is a way in which the audit firms can maintain the public trust in their brands by being seen as exemplars of best practice governance. In South Africa during 2018, the IRBA issued a call to audit firms to introduce the public reporting of relevant internal information in the form of a transparency report. This provides the public with limited information on the governance practice at the auditing firm. Board composition is arguably one of the most critical components of a corporation’s governance, and King IV also recommends disclosure with regards to the board composition. A content analysis was performed to analyse the disclosure on the oversight board and its composition of the big four audit firms in South Africa. From the findings it is evident that not all audit firms have an oversight board, and it can be argued that the corporate structures of the audit firms are flawed.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Smith, Rozanne Janet , Marx, Ben
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Corporate Governance , Audit Firms , Corporate Failures
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461614 , uj:41122 , Citation: Smith, R.J. & Marx, B. 2020. An analysis of corporate governance in the big four auditing firms in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: The spate of corporate failures around the world, such as Enron, WorldCom, AIG and more recently Patisserie Valerie and Steinhoff has attracted considerable attention from corporate regulators and professional bodies. One of the many victims of these failures has been the reputation of audit firms, the audit process and the accounting profession in general. Audit failures are the product of the values governing auditing firms. Good audit firm governance is a way in which the audit firms can maintain the public trust in their brands by being seen as exemplars of best practice governance. In South Africa during 2018, the IRBA issued a call to audit firms to introduce the public reporting of relevant internal information in the form of a transparency report. This provides the public with limited information on the governance practice at the auditing firm. Board composition is arguably one of the most critical components of a corporation’s governance, and King IV also recommends disclosure with regards to the board composition. A content analysis was performed to analyse the disclosure on the oversight board and its composition of the big four audit firms in South Africa. From the findings it is evident that not all audit firms have an oversight board, and it can be argued that the corporate structures of the audit firms are flawed.
- Full Text:
Beegining : the implementation of appropriate
- Brown, Ivan Leroy, Campbell, Angus Donald
- Authors: Brown, Ivan Leroy , Campbell, Angus Donald
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Appropriate Beekeeping Technology , Innovation , Implementation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461549 , uj:41114 , Citation: Brown, I.L. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Beegining : the implementation of appropriate.
- Description: Abstract: In January 2018 a small South African business called Beegin opened its doors to the international beekeeping industry. Three years of design research, field-testing and development at the University of Johannesburg’s Department of Industrial Design resulted in a lightweight concrete beehive and a set of moulds for its distributed production. The appropriate beekeeping technology system (ABTS) produced good results in trials, however, the hardest part of any technological intervention, especially in a developing context, lies in its implementation at scale. Careful theoretical and methodological choices guided the design process through a focus on design for impact (Prestero, 2012), and learnings from the successes and failures of other appropriate technology (AT) projects (Hazeltine & Bull, 2003). This recipe became the foundation from which the delivery strategy for Beegin was planned. Two years later, Beegin has successfully delivered products to over 200 clients in 11 countries. The technology is beginning to have its intended impact, but the implementation process has been far from straightforward. Almost all of the early expectations were not achieved and plans had to be constantly revisited as Beegin struggled through the phases of business start-up despite, and in some ways due to, its innovative product offering. This paper will briefly document the development of the Beegin beekeeping technology system, the contextual problems it tried to address, and the theoretical framework and methods that led to its creation. The main focus of the paper will be an exploration of the transition phase of the Beegin beehive as an AT intervention that took the route from a University-based research project to commercial enterprise. This is relevant for AT discourse firstly because not much has been written on the subject, and secondly because there are useful lessons to be learnt from the practical experience of commercial implementation versus theoretical AT delivery.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Brown, Ivan Leroy , Campbell, Angus Donald
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Appropriate Beekeeping Technology , Innovation , Implementation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461549 , uj:41114 , Citation: Brown, I.L. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Beegining : the implementation of appropriate.
- Description: Abstract: In January 2018 a small South African business called Beegin opened its doors to the international beekeeping industry. Three years of design research, field-testing and development at the University of Johannesburg’s Department of Industrial Design resulted in a lightweight concrete beehive and a set of moulds for its distributed production. The appropriate beekeeping technology system (ABTS) produced good results in trials, however, the hardest part of any technological intervention, especially in a developing context, lies in its implementation at scale. Careful theoretical and methodological choices guided the design process through a focus on design for impact (Prestero, 2012), and learnings from the successes and failures of other appropriate technology (AT) projects (Hazeltine & Bull, 2003). This recipe became the foundation from which the delivery strategy for Beegin was planned. Two years later, Beegin has successfully delivered products to over 200 clients in 11 countries. The technology is beginning to have its intended impact, but the implementation process has been far from straightforward. Almost all of the early expectations were not achieved and plans had to be constantly revisited as Beegin struggled through the phases of business start-up despite, and in some ways due to, its innovative product offering. This paper will briefly document the development of the Beegin beekeeping technology system, the contextual problems it tried to address, and the theoretical framework and methods that led to its creation. The main focus of the paper will be an exploration of the transition phase of the Beegin beehive as an AT intervention that took the route from a University-based research project to commercial enterprise. This is relevant for AT discourse firstly because not much has been written on the subject, and secondly because there are useful lessons to be learnt from the practical experience of commercial implementation versus theoretical AT delivery.
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Commensurate Evaluation of Support Vector Machine and Recurrent Neural Network MPPT Algorithm for a PV system under different weather conditions
- Nkambule, Mpho Sam, Hasan, Ali N., Ahmed, Ali
- Authors: Nkambule, Mpho Sam , Hasan, Ali N. , Ahmed, Ali
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) , Support Vector Machine (SVM) , Partial shading conditions (PSC)
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415404 , uj:35098 , Citation: Nkambule, M.S., Hasan, A.N., Ahmed, A. Commensurate Evaluation of Support Vector Machine and Recurrent Neural Network MPPT Algorithm for a PV system under different weather conditions.
- Description: Abstract: , The expeditious broadening of Photovoltaic (PV) energy has attracted the private and government precinct world-wide due to the reduction of costs and being cleaner source of energy. However, most of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller are inefficient under rapid change of environmental conditions. Under partial shading conditions (PSC) MPPT controllers fail to track global maximum power point (GMPP). Therefore, it is essential to propose MPPT controller that will be able to locate GMPP. In this study, the two powerful machine learning and deep learning MPPT algorithms are used to force the PV system to operate at higher efficiency under sudden change in solar irradiance and temperature. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) performances are validated and proved using MATLAB SIMULINK simulation software.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nkambule, Mpho Sam , Hasan, Ali N. , Ahmed, Ali
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) , Support Vector Machine (SVM) , Partial shading conditions (PSC)
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415404 , uj:35098 , Citation: Nkambule, M.S., Hasan, A.N., Ahmed, A. Commensurate Evaluation of Support Vector Machine and Recurrent Neural Network MPPT Algorithm for a PV system under different weather conditions.
- Description: Abstract: , The expeditious broadening of Photovoltaic (PV) energy has attracted the private and government precinct world-wide due to the reduction of costs and being cleaner source of energy. However, most of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller are inefficient under rapid change of environmental conditions. Under partial shading conditions (PSC) MPPT controllers fail to track global maximum power point (GMPP). Therefore, it is essential to propose MPPT controller that will be able to locate GMPP. In this study, the two powerful machine learning and deep learning MPPT algorithms are used to force the PV system to operate at higher efficiency under sudden change in solar irradiance and temperature. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) performances are validated and proved using MATLAB SIMULINK simulation software.
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Computer usability : interactive challenges faced by less experienced computer users in South Africa
- Authors: Toko, Guy , Mnkandla, Ernest
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Usability , Computer Usability , Less Experienced Users
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/431925 , uj:37289
- Description: Abstract: , The growing use of applications and access to the internet has increased the number of average computer users in South Africa, as people are using applications like WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and more. The goal of the study is to identify the challenges that most South African people face when they are interacting with computer applications, web applications, and mobile applications. The reason for conducting the study is that lately in South Africa we have seen an increase in South Africans who have access to computer systems, such as the use of smartphones, tablets or iPads, game consoles, and laptops. Most of the people who are using these devices or have access to them still face challenges as to how to use these devices or to use some of the applications that come with these devices. The paper will begin by introducing the topic. The paper will be followed by a literature review section, which will include four topics relating to the topic that helped the researcher to build a foundation for the research topic and to get ideas on how to do the research. The paper will then be followed by the research methodology, and the findings of, and discussions flowing from the study will then follow.
- Full Text:
Computer usability : interactive challenges faced by less experienced computer users in South Africa
- Authors: Toko, Guy , Mnkandla, Ernest
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Usability , Computer Usability , Less Experienced Users
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/431925 , uj:37289
- Description: Abstract: , The growing use of applications and access to the internet has increased the number of average computer users in South Africa, as people are using applications like WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and more. The goal of the study is to identify the challenges that most South African people face when they are interacting with computer applications, web applications, and mobile applications. The reason for conducting the study is that lately in South Africa we have seen an increase in South Africans who have access to computer systems, such as the use of smartphones, tablets or iPads, game consoles, and laptops. Most of the people who are using these devices or have access to them still face challenges as to how to use these devices or to use some of the applications that come with these devices. The paper will begin by introducing the topic. The paper will be followed by a literature review section, which will include four topics relating to the topic that helped the researcher to build a foundation for the research topic and to get ideas on how to do the research. The paper will then be followed by the research methodology, and the findings of, and discussions flowing from the study will then follow.
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Dales and Blooms theory employed for NFT as pedagogy in accounting for non-financial students: conceptual research
- Authors: Nisi, Thusi
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Collective creativity , Collaborative Learning , Innovative teaching and learning
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461478 , uj:41105 , Citation: Thusi, N. 2020. Dales and Blooms theory employed for NFT as pedagogy in accounting for non-financial students: conceptual research.
- Description: Abstract: Advanced pedagogy is the way to enhance teaching and learning performance for non- financial students. There are different methods in use across the globe for innovative teaching of higher learning students. The use of multimedia and technology empowers educational processes by increasing interaction between teachers and students. Hybrid teaching and blended learning follow an integrated approach to teaching that blends with students' interests and teacher's personality that needs curriculum-appropriate methods. This includes e-learning in addition to the face-to-face teaching that is customarily used in teaching . While teachers are still an authority figure in a student-centered teaching model, they both play an equally active role in the learning process. Teachers should thus apply themselves to utilizing innovative methods so that the students’ learning process is as free-flowing and that the methodology used creates an atmosphere adaptable to conducive learning environment. The application of innovative teaching and learning methods is critical if we are to motivate and enculturate a spirit of learning and cooperation by encouraging others and doing your share on the part of students. The role of education is to ensure that while academic personal are involve in active teaching, an effort is made to ensure alignment between what is taught and what is comprehensible in relation to students. Linguistically diverse, cultural backgrounds and the familiarity with the expected standards have profound effects on teaching methods. Students must frequently engage in collaborative learning activities such as selecting, organizing, locating, synthesizing and using relevant information sources to construct meaning about some particular knowledge. Such activities have been assumed to lead to higher levels of knowledge acquisition and learning. The goal of this study is an ongoing and progressive examine of how Edger Dale's Cone of Experience and Bloom's taxonomy is employed to positively influence student learning. In this conceptual research, the methodology used was hinged on analytic processes for material already published in this area. Key variables under investigation forecast on integration of Dales and Blooms theories for theoretical perspectives with the researchers pedagogy known as the NFT. The researcher implemented the NFT pedagogy in an academic setting to non-financial student in a period of 12 months and observed positive results. The researcher anticipates that the findings of this study will contribute to the enhancement of both teaching-learning and assessment process, which hopefully will uplift the learner to learn at a deeper level in a manner that incorporates small-group learning, achieve higher grades, retain information longer, acquire greater communication and teamwork skills, and gain a better understanding of the module.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nisi, Thusi
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Collective creativity , Collaborative Learning , Innovative teaching and learning
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461478 , uj:41105 , Citation: Thusi, N. 2020. Dales and Blooms theory employed for NFT as pedagogy in accounting for non-financial students: conceptual research.
- Description: Abstract: Advanced pedagogy is the way to enhance teaching and learning performance for non- financial students. There are different methods in use across the globe for innovative teaching of higher learning students. The use of multimedia and technology empowers educational processes by increasing interaction between teachers and students. Hybrid teaching and blended learning follow an integrated approach to teaching that blends with students' interests and teacher's personality that needs curriculum-appropriate methods. This includes e-learning in addition to the face-to-face teaching that is customarily used in teaching . While teachers are still an authority figure in a student-centered teaching model, they both play an equally active role in the learning process. Teachers should thus apply themselves to utilizing innovative methods so that the students’ learning process is as free-flowing and that the methodology used creates an atmosphere adaptable to conducive learning environment. The application of innovative teaching and learning methods is critical if we are to motivate and enculturate a spirit of learning and cooperation by encouraging others and doing your share on the part of students. The role of education is to ensure that while academic personal are involve in active teaching, an effort is made to ensure alignment between what is taught and what is comprehensible in relation to students. Linguistically diverse, cultural backgrounds and the familiarity with the expected standards have profound effects on teaching methods. Students must frequently engage in collaborative learning activities such as selecting, organizing, locating, synthesizing and using relevant information sources to construct meaning about some particular knowledge. Such activities have been assumed to lead to higher levels of knowledge acquisition and learning. The goal of this study is an ongoing and progressive examine of how Edger Dale's Cone of Experience and Bloom's taxonomy is employed to positively influence student learning. In this conceptual research, the methodology used was hinged on analytic processes for material already published in this area. Key variables under investigation forecast on integration of Dales and Blooms theories for theoretical perspectives with the researchers pedagogy known as the NFT. The researcher implemented the NFT pedagogy in an academic setting to non-financial student in a period of 12 months and observed positive results. The researcher anticipates that the findings of this study will contribute to the enhancement of both teaching-learning and assessment process, which hopefully will uplift the learner to learn at a deeper level in a manner that incorporates small-group learning, achieve higher grades, retain information longer, acquire greater communication and teamwork skills, and gain a better understanding of the module.
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Debt literacy of First-Year Students at a Johannesburg University
- Boyce, Lulama, Bolton, Jordy
- Authors: Boyce, Lulama , Bolton, Jordy
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: College students , University of Johannesburg , Financial literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/428911 , uj:36906 , Boyce, L., Bolton, J.: Debt literacy of First-Year Students at a Johannesburg University.
- Description: Abstract: This study assessed the debt literacy levels of students at a university in Johannesburg. The survey was conducted using a self-assessment questionnaire completed by each participant who was registered for a first-year module on one campus of the university. The average debt literacy score was 1.67 out of 5 indicating that students entering higher education have low levels of knowledge with regards to management of debt, especially with regards to concepts of simple and compound interest.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Boyce, Lulama , Bolton, Jordy
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: College students , University of Johannesburg , Financial literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/428911 , uj:36906 , Boyce, L., Bolton, J.: Debt literacy of First-Year Students at a Johannesburg University.
- Description: Abstract: This study assessed the debt literacy levels of students at a university in Johannesburg. The survey was conducted using a self-assessment questionnaire completed by each participant who was registered for a first-year module on one campus of the university. The average debt literacy score was 1.67 out of 5 indicating that students entering higher education have low levels of knowledge with regards to management of debt, especially with regards to concepts of simple and compound interest.
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Early mathematics vocabulary and number concept development
- Bezuidenhout, Hanrie, Henning, Elizabeth, Fitzpatrick, Caroline, Ragpot, Lara
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Hanrie , Henning, Elizabeth , Fitzpatrick, Caroline , Ragpot, Lara
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maths vocabulary , Classroom engagement , Logical reasoning
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461711 , uj:41134 , Citation: Bezuidenhout, H. et al. 2020. Early mathematics vocabulary and number concept development.
- Description: Abstract: Many South African, grade R children fail to develop early number concepts that are a prerequisite for mathematics learning in the first grade. The same children may also enter formal education without adequate cognitive skills that are known to support mathematics learning. This paper theorizes that mathematics vocabulary, logical reasoning and classroom engagement (as output of the cognitive skills known as ‘executive functions’) are important skills for early number concept development. Although multilingual classrooms can be utilized for rich learning opportunities, they may also add to children’s ‘linguistic maze’. A theory of translanguaging describes how children can access various linguistic features or different autonomous languages, to maximize communication. The paper extends the theory of translanguaging to the domain of early number concept development and presents a hypothesis, suggesting that, together, an elaborated mathematics vocabulary, logical reasoning, and skills of executive functions significantly contribute to early number concept development. We make suggestions for improving underperforming young South African children’s mathematics understanding, specifically regarding expansion of their linguistic code, enhancing classroom engagement, and developing logical reasoning skills.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Hanrie , Henning, Elizabeth , Fitzpatrick, Caroline , Ragpot, Lara
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maths vocabulary , Classroom engagement , Logical reasoning
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461711 , uj:41134 , Citation: Bezuidenhout, H. et al. 2020. Early mathematics vocabulary and number concept development.
- Description: Abstract: Many South African, grade R children fail to develop early number concepts that are a prerequisite for mathematics learning in the first grade. The same children may also enter formal education without adequate cognitive skills that are known to support mathematics learning. This paper theorizes that mathematics vocabulary, logical reasoning and classroom engagement (as output of the cognitive skills known as ‘executive functions’) are important skills for early number concept development. Although multilingual classrooms can be utilized for rich learning opportunities, they may also add to children’s ‘linguistic maze’. A theory of translanguaging describes how children can access various linguistic features or different autonomous languages, to maximize communication. The paper extends the theory of translanguaging to the domain of early number concept development and presents a hypothesis, suggesting that, together, an elaborated mathematics vocabulary, logical reasoning, and skills of executive functions significantly contribute to early number concept development. We make suggestions for improving underperforming young South African children’s mathematics understanding, specifically regarding expansion of their linguistic code, enhancing classroom engagement, and developing logical reasoning skills.
- Full Text:
Effect of co-digestion of food waste and cow dung on biogas yield
- Makhura, Emmanuel Pax, Muzenda, Edison, Lekgoba, Tumeletso
- Authors: Makhura, Emmanuel Pax , Muzenda, Edison , Lekgoba, Tumeletso
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/463760 , uj:41400 , Citation: Makhura, E.P., Muzenda, E., Lekgoba, T. 2020. Effect of co-digestion of food waste and cow dung on biogas yield. , DOI: http://doi.or g/10.1051/e3sconf/202018101005
- Description: Abstract: This paper aims at finding the effect of co-digestion of cow dung and food waste on total biogas yield. Biogas production was improved through co-digestion of cow dung and food waste (FW) containing a small fraction of inoculum under mesophilic temperature (37ºC) over a retention time of 24 days. Codigestion ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 for cowdung/foodwaste were used for the study on anaerobic digestion on the co digested matter. Tests were carried out starting with the preparation of substrates, substrate characterization to determine the moisture content (MC), total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and ultimately batch anaerobic digestion experiments under thermophilic conditions (370C). The moisture content, volatile solids and total solids for food waste were 78, 22 and 90.7% respectively while the characteristics for cow dung were 67.2, 32.8 and 96.0 % respectively. From the study, a mixing ratio of cow dung: food waste of 1:2 was found to be the optimum substrate mixture for biogas production at 25595.7 Nml. The accumulated gas volumes of 18756.6, 14042.5, 13940.8 and 13839.1 Nml were recorded for cow dung: food waste ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 respectively. For a co-digestion containing more of the food waste than cow dung, a higher volume of biogas is produce.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Makhura, Emmanuel Pax , Muzenda, Edison , Lekgoba, Tumeletso
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/463760 , uj:41400 , Citation: Makhura, E.P., Muzenda, E., Lekgoba, T. 2020. Effect of co-digestion of food waste and cow dung on biogas yield. , DOI: http://doi.or g/10.1051/e3sconf/202018101005
- Description: Abstract: This paper aims at finding the effect of co-digestion of cow dung and food waste on total biogas yield. Biogas production was improved through co-digestion of cow dung and food waste (FW) containing a small fraction of inoculum under mesophilic temperature (37ºC) over a retention time of 24 days. Codigestion ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 for cowdung/foodwaste were used for the study on anaerobic digestion on the co digested matter. Tests were carried out starting with the preparation of substrates, substrate characterization to determine the moisture content (MC), total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and ultimately batch anaerobic digestion experiments under thermophilic conditions (370C). The moisture content, volatile solids and total solids for food waste were 78, 22 and 90.7% respectively while the characteristics for cow dung were 67.2, 32.8 and 96.0 % respectively. From the study, a mixing ratio of cow dung: food waste of 1:2 was found to be the optimum substrate mixture for biogas production at 25595.7 Nml. The accumulated gas volumes of 18756.6, 14042.5, 13940.8 and 13839.1 Nml were recorded for cow dung: food waste ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 respectively. For a co-digestion containing more of the food waste than cow dung, a higher volume of biogas is produce.
- Full Text:
Enabling condition based maintenance in a precious metal processing plant
- Ngoma, William J., Mativenga, Paul T., Pretorius, J.
- Authors: Ngoma, William J. , Mativenga, Paul T. , Pretorius, J.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maintenance , Vacuum pumps , Sensors
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/433416 , uj:37475 , Ngoma, W.J., Mativenga, P.T., Pretorius, J. 2020: Enabling condition based maintenance in a precious metal processing plant.
- Description: Abstract: , Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ngoma, William J. , Mativenga, Paul T. , Pretorius, J.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Maintenance , Vacuum pumps , Sensors
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/433416 , uj:37475 , Ngoma, W.J., Mativenga, P.T., Pretorius, J. 2020: Enabling condition based maintenance in a precious metal processing plant.
- Description: Abstract: , Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
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Enhancing the e-visibility status of environmental science researchers at the University of South Africa
- Adriaanse, Leslie S., Rensleigh, Chris
- Authors: Adriaanse, Leslie S. , Rensleigh, Chris
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: E-visibility , Research online presence , Researcher online discoverability
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/463744 , uj:41398 , Citation: Adriaanse, L.S., Rensleigh, C. 2020. Enhancing the e-visibility status of environmental science researchers at the University of South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Knowledge sharing in academia has become increasingly important for researchers with their research online profiles becoming the vehicle of choice to advancing their research e-visibility. The proliferation of social networking tools with a research focus have become ideal online research communities for promoting the online presence and discoverability of a researcher and enhancing the accessibility of the researcher’s research output. This paper reports on the e-visibility themes 1) online presence, 2) researcher discoverability, and 3) accessibility of research output, of the environmental science researchers (SES) at the University of South Africa as part of a longitudinal e-visibility study during the period 2014 and 2016. The investigation into research e-visibility focused on the factors contributing to the increase in research e-visibility and the promotion of knowledge sharing. The e-visibility indicators represented via the bibliometric and altmetric data were sourced and collected from the appropriate tools i.e. bibliometrics from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar; and the altmetric data collected from academic social networking tools i.e. ResearchGate, Academia.edu and Mendeley. The results indicate that the exposure to an e-visibility awareness strategy show an overall increase in the e-visibility indicators for the SES researchers with an increase in the net research online presence of 10.3%; the net researcher discoverability indicators increasing with 28%; and the research output accessibility indicators increasing with 18.3%. Altmetrics and bibliometrics become valuable indicators for measuring the research e-visibility of researchers in academia. This study found that e-visibility awareness, as part of an e-visibility strategy, enhanced research e-visibility, thereby increasing the research online visibility, the researcher’s discoverability, and the accessibility of the research output of the SES researchers at University of South Africa. Knowledge sharing in academia is increasingly advanced as researchers embrace these online research communities and the realization of the value of their research e-visibility.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adriaanse, Leslie S. , Rensleigh, Chris
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: E-visibility , Research online presence , Researcher online discoverability
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/463744 , uj:41398 , Citation: Adriaanse, L.S., Rensleigh, C. 2020. Enhancing the e-visibility status of environmental science researchers at the University of South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Knowledge sharing in academia has become increasingly important for researchers with their research online profiles becoming the vehicle of choice to advancing their research e-visibility. The proliferation of social networking tools with a research focus have become ideal online research communities for promoting the online presence and discoverability of a researcher and enhancing the accessibility of the researcher’s research output. This paper reports on the e-visibility themes 1) online presence, 2) researcher discoverability, and 3) accessibility of research output, of the environmental science researchers (SES) at the University of South Africa as part of a longitudinal e-visibility study during the period 2014 and 2016. The investigation into research e-visibility focused on the factors contributing to the increase in research e-visibility and the promotion of knowledge sharing. The e-visibility indicators represented via the bibliometric and altmetric data were sourced and collected from the appropriate tools i.e. bibliometrics from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar; and the altmetric data collected from academic social networking tools i.e. ResearchGate, Academia.edu and Mendeley. The results indicate that the exposure to an e-visibility awareness strategy show an overall increase in the e-visibility indicators for the SES researchers with an increase in the net research online presence of 10.3%; the net researcher discoverability indicators increasing with 28%; and the research output accessibility indicators increasing with 18.3%. Altmetrics and bibliometrics become valuable indicators for measuring the research e-visibility of researchers in academia. This study found that e-visibility awareness, as part of an e-visibility strategy, enhanced research e-visibility, thereby increasing the research online visibility, the researcher’s discoverability, and the accessibility of the research output of the SES researchers at University of South Africa. Knowledge sharing in academia is increasingly advanced as researchers embrace these online research communities and the realization of the value of their research e-visibility.
- Full Text:
Evaluation of indigenous technology for cast aluminium cookware production in Nigeria : a case study of user health risks from cookware make in Saki
- Adelabu, Oluwafemi Samuel, Campbell, Angus Donald
- Authors: Adelabu, Oluwafemi Samuel , Campbell, Angus Donald
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Low-cost indigenous technology , Cast aluminium cookware , User health risks
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461678 , uj:41130 , Citation: Adelabu, O.S. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Evaluation of indigenous technology for cast aluminium cookware production in Nigeria : a case study of user health risks from cookware make in Saki.
- Description: Abstract: Today, the artisanal production of aluminium cookware, which relies solely on secondary (recycled) aluminium, has become a crucial activity of socio-economic significance in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. Despite this development, the impacts of the products lifecycle have gained little or no attention in scientific study. In this study, we considered assessing the potential human health risks of the artisanal cast aluminium cookware produced in Saki, Southwestern Nigeria. Water quality tests and microstructural characterisation were done with two cookware samples produced under different smelting conditions. From the preliminary tests, the water analysis result indicates that with an instant use, the migrations of aluminium (Al), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and other metallic ions into the water sample boiled with the cookware were not beyond the acceptable limit set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for water quality standards. From the SEM-EDX results, no toxic or heavy metallic element like lead was found. Additionally, typical elements which are expected to be found in aluminium alloys were present in the composition of the cookware. This indicates that despite the indigenous method of producing the cookware, contaminants that could be detrimental to the health of users were well-controlled. While further experimental testing is proposed, the study observed the need to gradually refine the overall production processes for indigenous aluminium cookware while leveraging scientific knowledge for advancing local craft techniques in a high technological era.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adelabu, Oluwafemi Samuel , Campbell, Angus Donald
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Low-cost indigenous technology , Cast aluminium cookware , User health risks
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461678 , uj:41130 , Citation: Adelabu, O.S. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Evaluation of indigenous technology for cast aluminium cookware production in Nigeria : a case study of user health risks from cookware make in Saki.
- Description: Abstract: Today, the artisanal production of aluminium cookware, which relies solely on secondary (recycled) aluminium, has become a crucial activity of socio-economic significance in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. Despite this development, the impacts of the products lifecycle have gained little or no attention in scientific study. In this study, we considered assessing the potential human health risks of the artisanal cast aluminium cookware produced in Saki, Southwestern Nigeria. Water quality tests and microstructural characterisation were done with two cookware samples produced under different smelting conditions. From the preliminary tests, the water analysis result indicates that with an instant use, the migrations of aluminium (Al), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and other metallic ions into the water sample boiled with the cookware were not beyond the acceptable limit set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for water quality standards. From the SEM-EDX results, no toxic or heavy metallic element like lead was found. Additionally, typical elements which are expected to be found in aluminium alloys were present in the composition of the cookware. This indicates that despite the indigenous method of producing the cookware, contaminants that could be detrimental to the health of users were well-controlled. While further experimental testing is proposed, the study observed the need to gradually refine the overall production processes for indigenous aluminium cookware while leveraging scientific knowledge for advancing local craft techniques in a high technological era.
- Full Text:
Influence of single and double-atom metal doping on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 2D-MoS2 surface
- Mohlala, Lesego M., Oviroh, Peter O., Jen, Tien-Chien, Olubambi, Peter A.
- Authors: Mohlala, Lesego M. , Oviroh, Peter O. , Jen, Tien-Chien , Olubambi, Peter A.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Atomic doping , Density functional theory , Hydrogen evolution reaction
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461510 , uj:41110 , Citation: Mohlala, L.M. et al. 2020. Influence of single and double-atom metal doping on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 2D-MoS2 surface.
- Description: Abstract: The Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an important process during electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen energy generation. Two dimensional (2D) MoS2 has been considered as a promising alternative to Pt-based catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction. However, the highest contribution for the catalytic activity of 2D-MoS2 is from its edge sites, this in turn leaves many in-plane domains useless. In this study, the effect of single atom metal (Pt, Ni and Pt-Ni) doping on HER catalytic activity of in-plane atoms was investigated using density functional theory calculations. The Gibbs free energy of adsorbed hydrogen on pristine MoS2 decreased from 1.86eV to -0.08eV in PtNi co-doped MoS2. This demonstrates enhanced catalytic activity of MoS2 due to atomic doping. The enhanced catalytic activity may also be attributed to the observed changes and increase in the density of electronic states near the Fermi energy level.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mohlala, Lesego M. , Oviroh, Peter O. , Jen, Tien-Chien , Olubambi, Peter A.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Atomic doping , Density functional theory , Hydrogen evolution reaction
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461510 , uj:41110 , Citation: Mohlala, L.M. et al. 2020. Influence of single and double-atom metal doping on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 2D-MoS2 surface.
- Description: Abstract: The Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an important process during electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen energy generation. Two dimensional (2D) MoS2 has been considered as a promising alternative to Pt-based catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction. However, the highest contribution for the catalytic activity of 2D-MoS2 is from its edge sites, this in turn leaves many in-plane domains useless. In this study, the effect of single atom metal (Pt, Ni and Pt-Ni) doping on HER catalytic activity of in-plane atoms was investigated using density functional theory calculations. The Gibbs free energy of adsorbed hydrogen on pristine MoS2 decreased from 1.86eV to -0.08eV in PtNi co-doped MoS2. This demonstrates enhanced catalytic activity of MoS2 due to atomic doping. The enhanced catalytic activity may also be attributed to the observed changes and increase in the density of electronic states near the Fermi energy level.
- Full Text:
Investigating the effect of yeast on the anaerobic digestion of cow dung
- Rasmeni, Zelda Z., Magwaza, Bongeka N., Madyira, Daniel M., Matheri, Anthony N.
- Authors: Rasmeni, Zelda Z. , Magwaza, Bongeka N. , Madyira, Daniel M. , Matheri, Anthony N.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Anaerobic Digestion , Biogas Yield , Cow Dung
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/459254 , uj:40824 , Citation: Rasmeni, Z.Z. et al. 2020. Investigating the effect of yeast on the anaerobic digestion of cow dung.
- Description: Abstract: The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of yeast on the biomethane yield of an anaerobic digester with cow dung feedstock. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was conducted on three different substrates for the production of biomethane. The BMP test was carried out using batch digesters at a temperature of 37 ℃. The substrates were divided into three parts: cow dung alone, yeast alone and the last involved the digestion of the mixture of cow dung and yeast. The maximum volume of the biomethane produced was observed from the samples containing yeast alone with a volume of 675.97 Nml Biogas/g VS. The lowest volume of biogas occurred on the samples containing the mixture of cow dung and yeast with 15 g of yeast and had a volume of 266.0 Nml Biogas/g VS. The sample containing cow dung alone produced a volume of 364.29 Nml Biogas/g VS. The results obtained for the digestion of yeast alone indicated that the higher yield of biogas was obtained when little amount of yeast was added on the substrate and that the addition of yeast on the anaerobic digestion of cow dung improves the yield of biogas; with the optimum biogas yield occurring at the ratio of 1:2 (yeast: cow dung).
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rasmeni, Zelda Z. , Magwaza, Bongeka N. , Madyira, Daniel M. , Matheri, Anthony N.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Anaerobic Digestion , Biogas Yield , Cow Dung
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/459254 , uj:40824 , Citation: Rasmeni, Z.Z. et al. 2020. Investigating the effect of yeast on the anaerobic digestion of cow dung.
- Description: Abstract: The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of yeast on the biomethane yield of an anaerobic digester with cow dung feedstock. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was conducted on three different substrates for the production of biomethane. The BMP test was carried out using batch digesters at a temperature of 37 ℃. The substrates were divided into three parts: cow dung alone, yeast alone and the last involved the digestion of the mixture of cow dung and yeast. The maximum volume of the biomethane produced was observed from the samples containing yeast alone with a volume of 675.97 Nml Biogas/g VS. The lowest volume of biogas occurred on the samples containing the mixture of cow dung and yeast with 15 g of yeast and had a volume of 266.0 Nml Biogas/g VS. The sample containing cow dung alone produced a volume of 364.29 Nml Biogas/g VS. The results obtained for the digestion of yeast alone indicated that the higher yield of biogas was obtained when little amount of yeast was added on the substrate and that the addition of yeast on the anaerobic digestion of cow dung improves the yield of biogas; with the optimum biogas yield occurring at the ratio of 1:2 (yeast: cow dung).
- Full Text:
Machining for an increased fatigue life for a Ti-6Al-4V ELI component
- Le Roux, P. A., Laubscher, R. F., Schubert, A.
- Authors: Le Roux, P. A. , Laubscher, R. F. , Schubert, A.
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432541 , uj:37366 , Le Roux, P.A., Laubscher, R.F., Schubert, A. 2020: Machining for an increased fatigue life for a Ti-6Al-4V ELI component.
- Description: Abstract: , Fatigue life is an important design criterion for many structural parts. The surface integrity induced by a typical machining operation may have a marked effect on fatigue life. Literature evidence suggests that the compressive surface residual stress state may change appreciably from the state obtained at the recommended conventional cutting speeds when intermediate cutting speeds are utilized. Titanium alloys typically show an increased compressive residual stress state at intermediate speeds before eventually tending towards tensile stresses at elevated cutting speeds. This paper investigates the effect of an optimised cutting strategy to control the residual stress state of a machined Ti-6Al-4V ELI (extra low interstitial) component to thereby control the fatigue life. An experimental program is conducted whereby stepped shafts are machined at various cutting speeds before being subjected to a full cyclic in-plane bending moment fatigue test. Cutting speed is varied between the typically recommended speed of 40 m/min to an intermediate speed of 110 m/min. Residual stresses are measured by XRD and compared to the fatigue life achieved. Other surface integrity descriptors including surface roughness, sub surface microstructure and selected surface damage effects are presented and discussed in relation to the fatigue performance. In essence the paper reports that fatigue life can be improved by machining at the optimum cutting speeds. These optimum intermediate speeds do however introduce other less desirable effects such as an increase in surface damage including the presence of weldments and ploughing grooves that may have a negative effect on the reliability of the improvements obtained.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Le Roux, P. A. , Laubscher, R. F. , Schubert, A.
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432541 , uj:37366 , Le Roux, P.A., Laubscher, R.F., Schubert, A. 2020: Machining for an increased fatigue life for a Ti-6Al-4V ELI component.
- Description: Abstract: , Fatigue life is an important design criterion for many structural parts. The surface integrity induced by a typical machining operation may have a marked effect on fatigue life. Literature evidence suggests that the compressive surface residual stress state may change appreciably from the state obtained at the recommended conventional cutting speeds when intermediate cutting speeds are utilized. Titanium alloys typically show an increased compressive residual stress state at intermediate speeds before eventually tending towards tensile stresses at elevated cutting speeds. This paper investigates the effect of an optimised cutting strategy to control the residual stress state of a machined Ti-6Al-4V ELI (extra low interstitial) component to thereby control the fatigue life. An experimental program is conducted whereby stepped shafts are machined at various cutting speeds before being subjected to a full cyclic in-plane bending moment fatigue test. Cutting speed is varied between the typically recommended speed of 40 m/min to an intermediate speed of 110 m/min. Residual stresses are measured by XRD and compared to the fatigue life achieved. Other surface integrity descriptors including surface roughness, sub surface microstructure and selected surface damage effects are presented and discussed in relation to the fatigue performance. In essence the paper reports that fatigue life can be improved by machining at the optimum cutting speeds. These optimum intermediate speeds do however introduce other less desirable effects such as an increase in surface damage including the presence of weldments and ploughing grooves that may have a negative effect on the reliability of the improvements obtained.
- Full Text:
Not the "Regular" fit : a socio-technical systems approach to designing eyewear in South Africa
- Campbell, Angus Donald, Naudé, Marcha
- Authors: Campbell, Angus Donald , Naudé, Marcha
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Appropriate technology , Eyewear , Human-centred design
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461655 , uj:41128 , Citation: Naudé, M. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Not the "Regular" fit: a socio-technical systems approach to designing eyewear in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: In South Africa, there is a scarcity of prescription glasses manufacturers and the majority of locally available eyewear frames are imported. A significant portion of this imported eyewear comes from a single umbrella organisation, which designs eyewear from a predominantly Eurocentric perspective. For example, there are currently only two types of eyewear fit, the “regular” fit, based on European facial data, and the “Asian” or “global” fit, which was developed in reaction to the inappropriateness of the “regular” fit for this market. In South Africa, a country with a significantly diverse population, there is an opportunity for properly fitting eyewear that is often not accommodated by either of these fits. Improper fitment causes discomfort and leads to blurry vision and long-term vision problems. Fitment is however not the only problem with the currently imported frames. The South African eyewear industry is a complex system, with both social and technical challenges that often influence the process of how someone would go about acquiring prescription glasses. This paper explores a design research study that was undertaken to address some of the local eyewear complexities through the design of a product, guided by theories of socio-technical systems, appropriate technology and human-centred design. The outcome was an adaptable eyewear frame that could be produced locally, whilst better considering the needs of glasses wearers in the South African context. Following such a design research approach ensures that the product outcome is attuned to local needs; such an approach could be beneficial to a wide range of localized industries in the Global South.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Campbell, Angus Donald , Naudé, Marcha
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Appropriate technology , Eyewear , Human-centred design
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461655 , uj:41128 , Citation: Naudé, M. & Campbell, A.D. 2020. Not the "Regular" fit: a socio-technical systems approach to designing eyewear in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: In South Africa, there is a scarcity of prescription glasses manufacturers and the majority of locally available eyewear frames are imported. A significant portion of this imported eyewear comes from a single umbrella organisation, which designs eyewear from a predominantly Eurocentric perspective. For example, there are currently only two types of eyewear fit, the “regular” fit, based on European facial data, and the “Asian” or “global” fit, which was developed in reaction to the inappropriateness of the “regular” fit for this market. In South Africa, a country with a significantly diverse population, there is an opportunity for properly fitting eyewear that is often not accommodated by either of these fits. Improper fitment causes discomfort and leads to blurry vision and long-term vision problems. Fitment is however not the only problem with the currently imported frames. The South African eyewear industry is a complex system, with both social and technical challenges that often influence the process of how someone would go about acquiring prescription glasses. This paper explores a design research study that was undertaken to address some of the local eyewear complexities through the design of a product, guided by theories of socio-technical systems, appropriate technology and human-centred design. The outcome was an adaptable eyewear frame that could be produced locally, whilst better considering the needs of glasses wearers in the South African context. Following such a design research approach ensures that the product outcome is attuned to local needs; such an approach could be beneficial to a wide range of localized industries in the Global South.
- Full Text:
Performance analysis of Wireless Mesh Networks for underground mines
- Shibalabala, Jeremiah, Swart, Theo G
- Authors: Shibalabala, Jeremiah , Swart, Theo G
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Bandwidth , Latency , Node
- Language: @2020, authors
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432775 , uj:37395
- Description: Abstract: , Underground mines operate in harsh environments that have unique challenges that limit wireless communication. To ensure the safety and efficiency of mining operations, communication systems play a vital role. This paper develops a wireless mesh network (WMN) prototype system setup of wireless mesh transceivers to conduct a feasibility study and performance analysis of data transmission on the wireless mesh network in underground mines. The second aspect of this study investigates network parameters, such as latency, throughput, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as a function of increasing mesh nodes on the network. By conducting real-time performance tests of the mesh system, realistic conclusions and better recommendations can be issued to mining companies concerning the deployment of wireless mesh systems in underground mines.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Shibalabala, Jeremiah , Swart, Theo G
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Bandwidth , Latency , Node
- Language: @2020, authors
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/432775 , uj:37395
- Description: Abstract: , Underground mines operate in harsh environments that have unique challenges that limit wireless communication. To ensure the safety and efficiency of mining operations, communication systems play a vital role. This paper develops a wireless mesh network (WMN) prototype system setup of wireless mesh transceivers to conduct a feasibility study and performance analysis of data transmission on the wireless mesh network in underground mines. The second aspect of this study investigates network parameters, such as latency, throughput, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as a function of increasing mesh nodes on the network. By conducting real-time performance tests of the mesh system, realistic conclusions and better recommendations can be issued to mining companies concerning the deployment of wireless mesh systems in underground mines.
- Full Text:
Radical innovation and taboo : how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioral design
- Findlay, Pia, Campbell, Angus
- Authors: Findlay, Pia , Campbell, Angus
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Behavioural Design , Menstrual Product , Radical Innovation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/462218 , uj:41207 , Citation: Findlay, P. & Campbell, A. 2020. Radical innovation and taboo: how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioral design.
- Description: Abstract: This paper initially explores the complexity of trying to introduce a radical innovation and taboo product into the South African market. What makes radical innovations problematic is that they fall outside the frame of reference of potential product users, and therefore often do not reach their full potential when initially introduced. A radically innovative menstrual product adds the complexity of taboo to market acceptance. Methods that have been developed to introduce radical innovations are often post-design and product-centric and do not take the user or their context into account. This paper explores a design honing strategy, which was developed to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through the use of Behavioural Design. Behaviour around menstruation is unpacked using Activity Theory as a framework for understanding human action and its influences. The honing strategy was devised as a way of steering a product during its design development phase. The strategy is comprised of four design methods: Appropriate Technology, Designing Affordances, Designing Meaning and Designing Mindfulness. These sit on a spectrum that runs from continuity, in alignment with what already exists, to development, which challenges problematic preconceptions and mindsets. This accommodates the user’s cultural and social norms, whilst allowing the designer to encourage appropriate shifts. The strategy is a holistic approach to the participatory design of radical innovations in taboo fields at a systemic level. All methods are aimed at influencing product design and user behaviour to make the acceptance of a new menstrual product more probable. Such an approach is useful for the introduction of any radical innovation which may be considered taboo.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Findlay, Pia , Campbell, Angus
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Behavioural Design , Menstrual Product , Radical Innovation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/462218 , uj:41207 , Citation: Findlay, P. & Campbell, A. 2020. Radical innovation and taboo: how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioral design.
- Description: Abstract: This paper initially explores the complexity of trying to introduce a radical innovation and taboo product into the South African market. What makes radical innovations problematic is that they fall outside the frame of reference of potential product users, and therefore often do not reach their full potential when initially introduced. A radically innovative menstrual product adds the complexity of taboo to market acceptance. Methods that have been developed to introduce radical innovations are often post-design and product-centric and do not take the user or their context into account. This paper explores a design honing strategy, which was developed to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through the use of Behavioural Design. Behaviour around menstruation is unpacked using Activity Theory as a framework for understanding human action and its influences. The honing strategy was devised as a way of steering a product during its design development phase. The strategy is comprised of four design methods: Appropriate Technology, Designing Affordances, Designing Meaning and Designing Mindfulness. These sit on a spectrum that runs from continuity, in alignment with what already exists, to development, which challenges problematic preconceptions and mindsets. This accommodates the user’s cultural and social norms, whilst allowing the designer to encourage appropriate shifts. The strategy is a holistic approach to the participatory design of radical innovations in taboo fields at a systemic level. All methods are aimed at influencing product design and user behaviour to make the acceptance of a new menstrual product more probable. Such an approach is useful for the introduction of any radical innovation which may be considered taboo.
- Full Text:
Radical innovation and taboo : how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioural design
- Findlay, Pia, Campbell, Angus
- Authors: Findlay, Pia , Campbell, Angus
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Behavioural Design , Menstrual Product , Radical Innovation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461666 , uj:41129 , Citation: Findlay, P. & Campbell, A. 2020. Radical innovation and taboo : how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioural design.
- Description: Abstract: This paper initially explores the complexity of trying to introduce a radical innovation and taboo product into the South African market. What makes radical innovations problematic is that they fall outside the frame of reference of potential product users, and therefore often do not reach their full potential when initially introduced. A radically innovative menstrual product adds the complexity of taboo to market acceptance. Methods that have been developed to introduce radical innovations are often post-design and product-centric and do not take the user or their context into account. This paper explores a design honing strategy, which was developed to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through the use of Behavioural Design. Behaviour around menstruation is unpacked using Activity Theory as a framework for understanding human action and its influences. The honing strategy was devised as a way of steering a product during its design development phase. The strategy is comprised of four design methods: Appropriate Technology, Designing Affordances, Designing Meaning and Designing Mindfulness. These sit on a spectrum that runs from continuity, in alignment with what already exists, to development, which challenges problematic preconceptions and mindsets. This accommodates the user’s cultural and social norms, whilst allowing the designer to encourage appropriate shifts. The strategy is a holistic approach to the participatory design of radical innovations in taboo fields at a systemic level. All methods are aimed at influencing product design and user behaviour to make the acceptance of a new menstrual product more probable. Such an approach is useful for the introduction of any radical innovation which may be considered taboo.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Findlay, Pia , Campbell, Angus
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Behavioural Design , Menstrual Product , Radical Innovation
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/461666 , uj:41129 , Citation: Findlay, P. & Campbell, A. 2020. Radical innovation and taboo : how to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through behavioural design.
- Description: Abstract: This paper initially explores the complexity of trying to introduce a radical innovation and taboo product into the South African market. What makes radical innovations problematic is that they fall outside the frame of reference of potential product users, and therefore often do not reach their full potential when initially introduced. A radically innovative menstrual product adds the complexity of taboo to market acceptance. Methods that have been developed to introduce radical innovations are often post-design and product-centric and do not take the user or their context into account. This paper explores a design honing strategy, which was developed to encourage the acceptance of a new menstrual product in South Africa through the use of Behavioural Design. Behaviour around menstruation is unpacked using Activity Theory as a framework for understanding human action and its influences. The honing strategy was devised as a way of steering a product during its design development phase. The strategy is comprised of four design methods: Appropriate Technology, Designing Affordances, Designing Meaning and Designing Mindfulness. These sit on a spectrum that runs from continuity, in alignment with what already exists, to development, which challenges problematic preconceptions and mindsets. This accommodates the user’s cultural and social norms, whilst allowing the designer to encourage appropriate shifts. The strategy is a holistic approach to the participatory design of radical innovations in taboo fields at a systemic level. All methods are aimed at influencing product design and user behaviour to make the acceptance of a new menstrual product more probable. Such an approach is useful for the introduction of any radical innovation which may be considered taboo.
- Full Text:
Shielding as an effective engineering control for occupational exposure to MRI-related electromagnetic fields : a brief review
- Authors: Rathebe, Phoka C.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Engineering , Health effects , Magnetic resonance imaging
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/426619 , uj:36600 , Rathebe, P.C., 2020: Shielding as an effective engineering control for occupational exposure to MRI-related electromagnetic fields : a brief review.
- Description: Abstract: Electromagnetic fields emitted by magnetic resonance imaging scanners are accountable for transient exposure-related health effects. The ferromagnetic objects attracted by strong magnetic fields are ascribed to injuries among patients with relatively no literature suggesting safety risks to MRI staff. Although ferromagnetic objects are ballistic, the benefits of shielding materials integrated with copper, aluminum, nickel polymers and carbon fiber are considered significant. This paper aimed to provide a brief review on how electromagnetic fields emitted by magnetic resonance imaging scanners could cause exposure-related effects as well as safety injuries from projectile effects and how such exposure scenarios can be eluded using various shielding methods. In this paper, shielding is recognized as an engineering approach that provides the most effective attenuation for electromagnetic fields in the magnetic resonance imaging facilities. Several studies suggest that shielding materials could be approached, either in a form of films, shield specific paint products or reactive shielding methods and in this paper, their significant role is discussed.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rathebe, Phoka C.
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Engineering , Health effects , Magnetic resonance imaging
- Language: English
- Type: Conference Proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/426619 , uj:36600 , Rathebe, P.C., 2020: Shielding as an effective engineering control for occupational exposure to MRI-related electromagnetic fields : a brief review.
- Description: Abstract: Electromagnetic fields emitted by magnetic resonance imaging scanners are accountable for transient exposure-related health effects. The ferromagnetic objects attracted by strong magnetic fields are ascribed to injuries among patients with relatively no literature suggesting safety risks to MRI staff. Although ferromagnetic objects are ballistic, the benefits of shielding materials integrated with copper, aluminum, nickel polymers and carbon fiber are considered significant. This paper aimed to provide a brief review on how electromagnetic fields emitted by magnetic resonance imaging scanners could cause exposure-related effects as well as safety injuries from projectile effects and how such exposure scenarios can be eluded using various shielding methods. In this paper, shielding is recognized as an engineering approach that provides the most effective attenuation for electromagnetic fields in the magnetic resonance imaging facilities. Several studies suggest that shielding materials could be approached, either in a form of films, shield specific paint products or reactive shielding methods and in this paper, their significant role is discussed.
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