A Block Diagonal Markov model for indoor software-defined power line communication
- Authors: Familua, Ayokunle Damilola
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Baum-Welch Algorithm , Block Diagonal Markov Model , PLC
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/398582 , uj:33188 , Citation: Familua, A.D. 2019. A Block Diagonal Markov model for indoor software-defined power line communication.
- Description: Abstract: A Semi-Hidden Markov Model (SHMM) for bursty error channels is defined by a state transition probability matrix A, a prior probability vector Π, and the state dependent output symbol error probability matrix B. Several processes are utilized for estimating A, Π and B from a given empirically obtained or simulated error sequence. However, despite placing some restrictions on the underlying Markov model structure, we still have a computationally intensive estimation procedure, especially given a large error sequence containing long burst of identical symbols. Thus, in this paper, we utilize under some moderate assumptions, a Markov model with random state transition matrix A equivalent to a unique Block Diagonal Markov model with state transition matrix Λ to model an indoor software- defined power line communication system. A computationally efficient modified Baum-Welch algorithm for estimation of Λ given an experimentally obtained error sequence from the indoor PLC channel is utilized. Resulting Equivalent Block Diagonal Markov models assist designers to accelerate and facilitate the procedure of novel PLC systems design and evaluation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Familua, Ayokunle Damilola
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Baum-Welch Algorithm , Block Diagonal Markov Model , PLC
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/398582 , uj:33188 , Citation: Familua, A.D. 2019. A Block Diagonal Markov model for indoor software-defined power line communication.
- Description: Abstract: A Semi-Hidden Markov Model (SHMM) for bursty error channels is defined by a state transition probability matrix A, a prior probability vector Π, and the state dependent output symbol error probability matrix B. Several processes are utilized for estimating A, Π and B from a given empirically obtained or simulated error sequence. However, despite placing some restrictions on the underlying Markov model structure, we still have a computationally intensive estimation procedure, especially given a large error sequence containing long burst of identical symbols. Thus, in this paper, we utilize under some moderate assumptions, a Markov model with random state transition matrix A equivalent to a unique Block Diagonal Markov model with state transition matrix Λ to model an indoor software- defined power line communication system. A computationally efficient modified Baum-Welch algorithm for estimation of Λ given an experimentally obtained error sequence from the indoor PLC channel is utilized. Resulting Equivalent Block Diagonal Markov models assist designers to accelerate and facilitate the procedure of novel PLC systems design and evaluation.
- Full Text:
A comparison of strategies for missing values in data on machine learning classification algorithms
- Authors: Makaba, T. , Dogo, E. M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Missing data , Imputation methods , Performance metrics
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405089 , uj:34000 , Citation: Makaba, T. & Dogo, E.M. 2019. Dealing with missing values in data is an important feature engineering task in data science to prevent negative impacts on machine learning classification models in terms of accurate prediction. However, it is often unclear what the underlying cause of the missing values in real-life data is or rather the missing data mechanism that is causing the missingness. Thus, it becomes necessary to evaluate several missing data approaches for a given dataset. In this paper, we perform a comparative study of several approaches for handling missing values in data, namely listwise deletion, mean, mode, k–nearest neighbors, expectation-maximization, and multiple imputations by chained equations. The comparison is performed on two real-world datasets, using the following evaluation metrics: Accuracy, root mean squared error, receiver operating characteristics, and the F1 score. Most classifiers performed well across the missing data strategies. However, based on the result obtained, the support vector classifier method overall performed marginally better for the numerical data and naïve Bayes classifier for the categorical data when compared to the other evaluated missing value methods..
- Description: Abstract: Dealing with missing values in data is an important feature engineering task in data science to prevent negative impacts on machine learning classification models in terms of accurate prediction. However, it is often unclear what the underlying cause of the missing values in real-life data is or rather the missing data mechanism that is causing the missingness. Thus, it becomes necessary to evaluate several missing data approaches for a given dataset. In this paper, we perform a comparative study of several approaches for handling missing values in data, namely listwise deletion, mean, mode, k–nearest neighbors, expectation-maximization, and multiple imputations by chained equations. The comparison is performed on two real-world datasets, using the following evaluation metrics: Accuracy, root mean squared error, receiver operating characteristics, and the F1 score. Most classifiers performed well across the missing data strategies. However, based on the result obtained, the support vector classifier method overall performed marginally better for the numerical data and naïve Bayes classifier for the categorical data when compared to the other evaluated missing value methods.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Makaba, T. , Dogo, E. M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Missing data , Imputation methods , Performance metrics
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405089 , uj:34000 , Citation: Makaba, T. & Dogo, E.M. 2019. Dealing with missing values in data is an important feature engineering task in data science to prevent negative impacts on machine learning classification models in terms of accurate prediction. However, it is often unclear what the underlying cause of the missing values in real-life data is or rather the missing data mechanism that is causing the missingness. Thus, it becomes necessary to evaluate several missing data approaches for a given dataset. In this paper, we perform a comparative study of several approaches for handling missing values in data, namely listwise deletion, mean, mode, k–nearest neighbors, expectation-maximization, and multiple imputations by chained equations. The comparison is performed on two real-world datasets, using the following evaluation metrics: Accuracy, root mean squared error, receiver operating characteristics, and the F1 score. Most classifiers performed well across the missing data strategies. However, based on the result obtained, the support vector classifier method overall performed marginally better for the numerical data and naïve Bayes classifier for the categorical data when compared to the other evaluated missing value methods..
- Description: Abstract: Dealing with missing values in data is an important feature engineering task in data science to prevent negative impacts on machine learning classification models in terms of accurate prediction. However, it is often unclear what the underlying cause of the missing values in real-life data is or rather the missing data mechanism that is causing the missingness. Thus, it becomes necessary to evaluate several missing data approaches for a given dataset. In this paper, we perform a comparative study of several approaches for handling missing values in data, namely listwise deletion, mean, mode, k–nearest neighbors, expectation-maximization, and multiple imputations by chained equations. The comparison is performed on two real-world datasets, using the following evaluation metrics: Accuracy, root mean squared error, receiver operating characteristics, and the F1 score. Most classifiers performed well across the missing data strategies. However, based on the result obtained, the support vector classifier method overall performed marginally better for the numerical data and naïve Bayes classifier for the categorical data when compared to the other evaluated missing value methods.
- Full Text:
A correlation between nano and micro-hardness properties of TiN nanoparticles strengthened SAF 2205
- Oke, S R, Ige, O O, Falodun, O E, Obadele, B A, Olubambi, P A, Shongwe, M B, Mphahlele, M R
- Authors: Oke, S R , Ige, O O , Falodun, O E , Obadele, B A , Olubambi, P A , Shongwe, M B , Mphahlele, M R
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405216 , uj:34018 , Citation: Mphahlele, M.R. et al. 2019 : A correlation between nano and micro-hardness properties of TiN nanoparticles strengthened SAF 2205. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 499 (2019) 012009. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/499/1/012009
- Description: Abstract : This work studied the correlation between Vickers and nano-hardness of SAF 2205 reinforced with TiN nanoparticles for the convenience of assessing its mechanical properties. Spark plasma sintering was used to fabricate the composites. Micro and nanoindentations were performed to determine micro and nanohardness values of the fabricated composite. Optical microscope was used to assess the microstructure. The microstructure revealed that the TiN dominated the ferrite/ferrite, ferrite/austenite and austenite/austenite grain boundaries. The micro and nanohardness at the TiN dominated grain boundaries were higher compared to the grain hardness. Hardness also increased considerably as the TiN nanoparticles increases. This is also owed to the strengthening effect played by TiN at the grain boundaries by disrupting dislocation motion in the composite. The determined Vickers hardness was plotted as a function of the corresponding nanohardness, a good linear relation was found between Vickers hardness and nanohardness. A linear relationship (HV = 215.15 + 15.03Hnano) was established which indicates that there is no difference in behavior for the Vickers hardness and nano- hardness.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Oke, S R , Ige, O O , Falodun, O E , Obadele, B A , Olubambi, P A , Shongwe, M B , Mphahlele, M R
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405216 , uj:34018 , Citation: Mphahlele, M.R. et al. 2019 : A correlation between nano and micro-hardness properties of TiN nanoparticles strengthened SAF 2205. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 499 (2019) 012009. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/499/1/012009
- Description: Abstract : This work studied the correlation between Vickers and nano-hardness of SAF 2205 reinforced with TiN nanoparticles for the convenience of assessing its mechanical properties. Spark plasma sintering was used to fabricate the composites. Micro and nanoindentations were performed to determine micro and nanohardness values of the fabricated composite. Optical microscope was used to assess the microstructure. The microstructure revealed that the TiN dominated the ferrite/ferrite, ferrite/austenite and austenite/austenite grain boundaries. The micro and nanohardness at the TiN dominated grain boundaries were higher compared to the grain hardness. Hardness also increased considerably as the TiN nanoparticles increases. This is also owed to the strengthening effect played by TiN at the grain boundaries by disrupting dislocation motion in the composite. The determined Vickers hardness was plotted as a function of the corresponding nanohardness, a good linear relation was found between Vickers hardness and nanohardness. A linear relationship (HV = 215.15 + 15.03Hnano) was established which indicates that there is no difference in behavior for the Vickers hardness and nano- hardness.
- Full Text:
A cost-effective low-voltage moulded-case circuit breaker test jig
- Venter, Johan, Van Niekerk, Daniel Rodrigues
- Authors: Venter, Johan , Van Niekerk, Daniel Rodrigues
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409666 , uj:34351 , Citation: Venter, J., Van Niekerk, D.R. 2019: A cost-effective low-voltage moulded-case circuit breaker test jig.
- Description: Abstract: A practical method to test post-manufactured mechanical thermal and thermal-magnetic low voltage Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs) is presented in this paper. Many standards pertaining to the ratings of low voltage MCCBs exist, but little literature exists on how to verify its specified rating post-manufacturing. In this work, a variable voltage over fixed cable and MCCB switch contact resistance test method is used to verify ratings. This method uses two variable transformers driven by two separate stepper motors controlled by a microcontroller with a final step-down toroid transformer. To measure the circuit breaker, trip current level an accurate Hall-Effect current sensor was used and the trip time is determined by a microcontroller-based peripheral timer. Testing was conducted on four different types of circuit breakers, namely: C6, D10, C16, and C20 in order to verify the test jig functionality with good results.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Venter, Johan , Van Niekerk, Daniel Rodrigues
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409666 , uj:34351 , Citation: Venter, J., Van Niekerk, D.R. 2019: A cost-effective low-voltage moulded-case circuit breaker test jig.
- Description: Abstract: A practical method to test post-manufactured mechanical thermal and thermal-magnetic low voltage Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs) is presented in this paper. Many standards pertaining to the ratings of low voltage MCCBs exist, but little literature exists on how to verify its specified rating post-manufacturing. In this work, a variable voltage over fixed cable and MCCB switch contact resistance test method is used to verify ratings. This method uses two variable transformers driven by two separate stepper motors controlled by a microcontroller with a final step-down toroid transformer. To measure the circuit breaker, trip current level an accurate Hall-Effect current sensor was used and the trip time is determined by a microcontroller-based peripheral timer. Testing was conducted on four different types of circuit breakers, namely: C6, D10, C16, and C20 in order to verify the test jig functionality with good results.
- Full Text:
A country’s growth-aspiring entrepreneurship : a three-way interaction between corporate taxation, venture capital availability and social legitimacy
- Authors: Reddy, Colin David
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Entrepreneurship growth , Corporate tax , Venture capital
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/400048 , uj:33370 , Citation: Reddy, C.D. 2019. A country’s growth-aspiring entrepreneurship : a three-way interaction between corporate taxation, venture capital availability and social legitimacy.
- Description: Abstract: We study the relationship between corporate tax rates and the growth-aspiring share of entrepreneurship across countries and show that this effect is not universally strongly negative as often argued in extant literature. Our argument is supported by an analysis of 382 country‒year observations for 78 countries from the GEM and World Economic Forum (WEF) databases. These findings highlight how corporate taxation’s impact on entrepreneurs’ growth aspirations is contingent on national economic and institutional contexts. Importantly, these findings contribute to the nascent interest in the relationship between entrepreneurship and inequality, implying that increased corporate taxes may have important public benefits without the downsides so feared by many entrepreneurship scholars and policymakers.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Reddy, Colin David
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Entrepreneurship growth , Corporate tax , Venture capital
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/400048 , uj:33370 , Citation: Reddy, C.D. 2019. A country’s growth-aspiring entrepreneurship : a three-way interaction between corporate taxation, venture capital availability and social legitimacy.
- Description: Abstract: We study the relationship between corporate tax rates and the growth-aspiring share of entrepreneurship across countries and show that this effect is not universally strongly negative as often argued in extant literature. Our argument is supported by an analysis of 382 country‒year observations for 78 countries from the GEM and World Economic Forum (WEF) databases. These findings highlight how corporate taxation’s impact on entrepreneurs’ growth aspirations is contingent on national economic and institutional contexts. Importantly, these findings contribute to the nascent interest in the relationship between entrepreneurship and inequality, implying that increased corporate taxes may have important public benefits without the downsides so feared by many entrepreneurship scholars and policymakers.
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A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa
- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Authors: Okoro, Chioma Sylvia , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Feasibility studies , Infrastructure , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399973 , uj:33360 , Citation: Okoro, C.S., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J.N. 2019. A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Okoro, Chioma Sylvia , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Feasibility studies , Infrastructure , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399973 , uj:33360 , Citation: Okoro, C.S., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J.N. 2019. A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa
- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Authors: Okoro, Chioma Sylvia , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Feasibility studies , Infrastructure , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404244 , uj:33893 , Citation: Okoro, C.S., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J.N. 2019. A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Okoro, Chioma Sylvia , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus Ngala
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Feasibility studies , Infrastructure , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404244 , uj:33893 , Citation: Okoro, C.S., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J.N. 2019. A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.
- Full Text:
A model for efficient consumption of electricity in residential buildings
- Olatunji, Obafemi O, Ayo, Olayinka O, Akinlabi, Stephen A, Ishola, Felix, Madushele N, Adedeji, Paul A
- Authors: Olatunji, Obafemi O , Ayo, Olayinka O , Akinlabi, Stephen A , Ishola, Felix , Madushele N , Adedeji, Paul A
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Energy saving , Electricity , ROI
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405674 , uj:34075 , Citation: Olatunji, O.O. et al. 2019 : A model for efficient consumption of electricity in residential buildings.
- Description: Abstract : This paper reviews various applications of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and proposes electricity-saving power switch enhancements model to control the operation of electrical appliances in residential buildings using RFID system. Estimation was made on the consumption of electricity in a private apartment in Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa and compared with when the RFID card-reader system is deployed. The percentage energy saving in a year was calculated to be approximately 29 %. The possible energy savings for a period of 30years is estimated and the return on investment (ROI) determined. The authors concluded by making a case for a state policy on RFID energy efficiency technology.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Olatunji, Obafemi O , Ayo, Olayinka O , Akinlabi, Stephen A , Ishola, Felix , Madushele N , Adedeji, Paul A
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Energy saving , Electricity , ROI
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405674 , uj:34075 , Citation: Olatunji, O.O. et al. 2019 : A model for efficient consumption of electricity in residential buildings.
- Description: Abstract : This paper reviews various applications of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and proposes electricity-saving power switch enhancements model to control the operation of electrical appliances in residential buildings using RFID system. Estimation was made on the consumption of electricity in a private apartment in Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa and compared with when the RFID card-reader system is deployed. The percentage energy saving in a year was calculated to be approximately 29 %. The possible energy savings for a period of 30years is estimated and the return on investment (ROI) determined. The authors concluded by making a case for a state policy on RFID energy efficiency technology.
- Full Text:
A novel approach for the identification of influential node in an electric power grid
- Adebayo, Isaiah G., Sun, Yanxia
- Authors: Adebayo, Isaiah G. , Sun, Yanxia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Influential node, Power network, Centrality measure
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396397 , uj:32910 , Citation : Adebayo, I.G. 2019. A novel approach for the identification of influential node in an electric power grid @ Sun, Y.
- Description: Abstract : The continuous occurrence of blackouts due to cascading failures and voltage instability which has the effect of damaging several components within the grid has of recent been traced to sudden disconnection of influential node in a power network. How to identify this node has become a crucial issue to power system utilities. In this paper, an approach which is based on the network topological properties of an electric power system is investigated for the identification of influential node in a power network. First, we established a matrix which capture information between an electrical interconnection that exist between load to load nodes in a power network. Next, the suggested network structurally based eigenvector centrality measure (NSECM) is formulated based on the established matrix. A comparison analysis with a conventional eigenvector centrality measure is also performed to determine the significance of the proposed method. The effectiveness of all the approaches presented is tested on both practical 26-bus and the IEEE 14-bus power systems. Results obtained show that identification of influential node in a power network is better done using the NSECM method as it reduces the computational burden.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adebayo, Isaiah G. , Sun, Yanxia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Influential node, Power network, Centrality measure
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396397 , uj:32910 , Citation : Adebayo, I.G. 2019. A novel approach for the identification of influential node in an electric power grid @ Sun, Y.
- Description: Abstract : The continuous occurrence of blackouts due to cascading failures and voltage instability which has the effect of damaging several components within the grid has of recent been traced to sudden disconnection of influential node in a power network. How to identify this node has become a crucial issue to power system utilities. In this paper, an approach which is based on the network topological properties of an electric power system is investigated for the identification of influential node in a power network. First, we established a matrix which capture information between an electrical interconnection that exist between load to load nodes in a power network. Next, the suggested network structurally based eigenvector centrality measure (NSECM) is formulated based on the established matrix. A comparison analysis with a conventional eigenvector centrality measure is also performed to determine the significance of the proposed method. The effectiveness of all the approaches presented is tested on both practical 26-bus and the IEEE 14-bus power systems. Results obtained show that identification of influential node in a power network is better done using the NSECM method as it reduces the computational burden.
- Full Text:
A recipe for national innovate entrepreneurial activity : finance and industry with a dose of self-confidence
- Authors: Reddy, C.D.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Innovation , Entrepreneurship , Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399506 , uj:33301 , Citation: Reddy, C.D. 2019. A recipe for national innovate entrepreneurial activity : finance and industry with a dose of self-confidence.
- Description: Abstract: We study the effect of nations’ financial and industrial contexts on their innovative share of entrepreneurship. We argue that this effect is not universally strongly positive as may be assumed from extant research. This argument is supported by analysis of 333 country-year observations for 88 countries from the GEM and World Economic Forum databases. The findings highlight how a nation’s informal institutional context moderates the effect of its objective resource context on its innovative share of entrepreneurs. In particular, they contribute to the nascent interest in the cultural processes impacting on the sense making of a nation’s innovative-oriented entrepreneurs.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Reddy, C.D.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Innovation , Entrepreneurship , Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/399506 , uj:33301 , Citation: Reddy, C.D. 2019. A recipe for national innovate entrepreneurial activity : finance and industry with a dose of self-confidence.
- Description: Abstract: We study the effect of nations’ financial and industrial contexts on their innovative share of entrepreneurship. We argue that this effect is not universally strongly positive as may be assumed from extant research. This argument is supported by analysis of 333 country-year observations for 88 countries from the GEM and World Economic Forum databases. The findings highlight how a nation’s informal institutional context moderates the effect of its objective resource context on its innovative share of entrepreneurs. In particular, they contribute to the nascent interest in the cultural processes impacting on the sense making of a nation’s innovative-oriented entrepreneurs.
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A reverse order life cycle approach to enhance systems engineering education at undergraduate level
- Authors: Meyer, J. , Von Solms, S.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Engineering education , Industry 4.0 , Reverse Life Cycle
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404177 , uj:33885 , Citation: Meyer, J. & Von Solms, S. 2019. A reverse order life cycle approach to enhance systems engineering education at undergraduate level.
- Description: Abstract: The advances of Industry 4.0 lead the transition into the era of complex systems, requiring systems solutions for complex problems, increasing the interest in the development of systems engineers. However, traditional systems thinking may lose its effectiveness in this new context, which leads to a challenge in systems engineering education. This research aims to better prepare systems engineers of the future by addressing the disconnect which exist between systems engineering education at undergraduate level, and the real-life complex systems seen in society today though the implementation of a reverse order life cycle approach. By following the reverse order life cycle approach with a familiar electrical appliance, such as the electric kettle, in the classroom, undergraduate systems engineering students were able to gain the necessary insight and understanding regarding the dynamics of complex systems the underlying systems engineering concepts.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Meyer, J. , Von Solms, S.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Engineering education , Industry 4.0 , Reverse Life Cycle
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404177 , uj:33885 , Citation: Meyer, J. & Von Solms, S. 2019. A reverse order life cycle approach to enhance systems engineering education at undergraduate level.
- Description: Abstract: The advances of Industry 4.0 lead the transition into the era of complex systems, requiring systems solutions for complex problems, increasing the interest in the development of systems engineers. However, traditional systems thinking may lose its effectiveness in this new context, which leads to a challenge in systems engineering education. This research aims to better prepare systems engineers of the future by addressing the disconnect which exist between systems engineering education at undergraduate level, and the real-life complex systems seen in society today though the implementation of a reverse order life cycle approach. By following the reverse order life cycle approach with a familiar electrical appliance, such as the electric kettle, in the classroom, undergraduate systems engineering students were able to gain the necessary insight and understanding regarding the dynamics of complex systems the underlying systems engineering concepts.
- Full Text:
A review of communication technologies for efficient communication in the smart grid of the 4IR era
- Authors: Damilola, Ayokunle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Power Line Communication , Wired Communication Technologies , Wireless Communication Technologies
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/398543 , uj:33184 , Citation: Damilola, A. 2019. A review of communication technologies for efficient communication in the smart grid of the 4IR era.
- Description: The conventional radial topology of the electrical power system poses a less reliable power system should there be system failure, thus, resulting into the disruption of electrical power delivery in the network. Increased security threats, theft of electrical energy, and current technological advancements in the information and communications technology (ICT) are factors that ushered in the advent of Smart Grid (SG). The SG, is a modernized electrical grid that utilizes digital or analog ICT to collect and take action on information in an automated fashion to enhance the reliability, efficiency, economics, and sustainability of electricity generation and distribution. For accurate functionality, the SG system has different subsystems, amongst which is the communication subsystem. This subsystem plays an essential role in providing high-speed, reliable and secured real-time transfer and communication of data amongst system devices and other sub-systems interconnected in the SG network so as to effectively and intelligently manage the complex power systems. This paper reviews communication technologies (wired and wireless), that are strong prospects for deployment in a SG, while also highlighting their benefits and challenges.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Damilola, Ayokunle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Power Line Communication , Wired Communication Technologies , Wireless Communication Technologies
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/398543 , uj:33184 , Citation: Damilola, A. 2019. A review of communication technologies for efficient communication in the smart grid of the 4IR era.
- Description: The conventional radial topology of the electrical power system poses a less reliable power system should there be system failure, thus, resulting into the disruption of electrical power delivery in the network. Increased security threats, theft of electrical energy, and current technological advancements in the information and communications technology (ICT) are factors that ushered in the advent of Smart Grid (SG). The SG, is a modernized electrical grid that utilizes digital or analog ICT to collect and take action on information in an automated fashion to enhance the reliability, efficiency, economics, and sustainability of electricity generation and distribution. For accurate functionality, the SG system has different subsystems, amongst which is the communication subsystem. This subsystem plays an essential role in providing high-speed, reliable and secured real-time transfer and communication of data amongst system devices and other sub-systems interconnected in the SG network so as to effectively and intelligently manage the complex power systems. This paper reviews communication technologies (wired and wireless), that are strong prospects for deployment in a SG, while also highlighting their benefits and challenges.
- Full Text:
A Review of Critical Project Management Techniques to Enhance Construction SMEs Project Performance
- Emere, Chijioke, Musonda, Innocent, Okoro, Chioma
- Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396774 , uj:32951 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A Review of Critical Project Management Techniques to Enhance Construction SMEs Project Performance.
- Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Lit- erature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Af- rica. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management tech- niques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396774 , uj:32951 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A Review of Critical Project Management Techniques to Enhance Construction SMEs Project Performance.
- Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Lit- erature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Af- rica. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management tech- niques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
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A review of critical project management techniques to enhance construction SMEs project performance
- Emere, Chijioke, Musonda, Innocent, Okoro, Chioma
- Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404321 , uj:33903 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A review of critical project management techniques to enhance construction SMEs project performance.
- Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Literature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Africa. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management techniques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
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- Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404321 , uj:33903 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A review of critical project management techniques to enhance construction SMEs project performance.
- Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Literature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Africa. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management techniques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
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A review of experimental scope, designs and methods from intermediate-fast pyrolysis of biomass
- Charis, Gratitude, Danha, Gwiranai, Muzenda, Edison, Nkosi, Nhlanhla P.
- Authors: Charis, Gratitude , Danha, Gwiranai , Muzenda, Edison , Nkosi, Nhlanhla P.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Experimental , Ntermediate-fast , Pyrolysis
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404768 , uj:33960 , Citation: Charis, G. et al. 2019. A review of experimental scope, designs and methods from intermediate-fast pyrolysis of biomass.
- Description: Abstract: Intermediate and fast pyrolysis (IFP) for the recovery of bio-oil from organic matter have gained the attention of researchers in their attempt to increase the contribution of renewables into the energy mix. Current research has focused on equipment configuration and variables for higher yields of the oils; methods of upgrading the oils for compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure and engines, and various tests to characterize the products or test their applicability as fuels. This paper reviews the progress in experimental work around intermediate- fast pyrolysis (hot vapour residence~1-20s; moderate to high liquid yields) in the past twelve years. The review focuses on the experimental scope, equipment used, preparation of raw materials, experimental design and characterization of bio-oils. Experimental work covering actual applications of the oils are not covered in this review paper. The feedstocks mostly researched on in IFP were rice husks, followed by pinewood, Jatropha curcas cake and rapeseed respectively. Most IFP studies have been done on woody biomass (over 100 different feedstocks) due to their consistency, followed by agricultural residues then herbaceous energy crops. Lignocellulosics proved to be the veteran organic feedstocks (~95% of IFP) ahead of non- lignocellulosic biomass (~5%). The most applied technologies in recent years, were fluidized bed followed by the free fall reactors. For the experimental design, most papers reviewed used the simple single parameter method, while a few used the central composite rotatable design and full factorial design methods. The characterization tests mostly conducted on the oils were the pH, viscosity, Karl Fischer titration and calorific value.
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- Authors: Charis, Gratitude , Danha, Gwiranai , Muzenda, Edison , Nkosi, Nhlanhla P.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Experimental , Ntermediate-fast , Pyrolysis
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404768 , uj:33960 , Citation: Charis, G. et al. 2019. A review of experimental scope, designs and methods from intermediate-fast pyrolysis of biomass.
- Description: Abstract: Intermediate and fast pyrolysis (IFP) for the recovery of bio-oil from organic matter have gained the attention of researchers in their attempt to increase the contribution of renewables into the energy mix. Current research has focused on equipment configuration and variables for higher yields of the oils; methods of upgrading the oils for compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure and engines, and various tests to characterize the products or test their applicability as fuels. This paper reviews the progress in experimental work around intermediate- fast pyrolysis (hot vapour residence~1-20s; moderate to high liquid yields) in the past twelve years. The review focuses on the experimental scope, equipment used, preparation of raw materials, experimental design and characterization of bio-oils. Experimental work covering actual applications of the oils are not covered in this review paper. The feedstocks mostly researched on in IFP were rice husks, followed by pinewood, Jatropha curcas cake and rapeseed respectively. Most IFP studies have been done on woody biomass (over 100 different feedstocks) due to their consistency, followed by agricultural residues then herbaceous energy crops. Lignocellulosics proved to be the veteran organic feedstocks (~95% of IFP) ahead of non- lignocellulosic biomass (~5%). The most applied technologies in recent years, were fluidized bed followed by the free fall reactors. For the experimental design, most papers reviewed used the simple single parameter method, while a few used the central composite rotatable design and full factorial design methods. The characterization tests mostly conducted on the oils were the pH, viscosity, Karl Fischer titration and calorific value.
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A review of expert involvement in developing mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management
- Authors: Dinath, Wafeequa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mobile health applications , Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetes self‐management
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/${Handle} , uj:32819 , Citation: Dinath, W. 2019. A review of expert involvement in developing mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management.
- Description: Abstract: Mobile health (mHealth) applications for the self‐management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) are said to have great potential to assist individuals living with T1DM manage their illness more effectively. However, the lack of expert involvement in the development of these mHealth applications pose a serious risk to the consumers. mHealth applications that provide medical advice that is incorrect can harm users that rely on the mHealth application to treat their illness. For this reason, the study reviewed healthcare practitioner and scientific association involvement in the development of mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management. A systematic search comprising of specific search terms, was carried out on Google’s Play Store for mHealth applications intended for managing T1DM. These applications were then reviewed in order to determine the target market, category, developer, date that the application was last updated, price as well as whether a healthcare practitioner or diabetes association took part in the development of the mHealth application. A total of 584 mHealth applications were found on Google Play Store but only 321 mHealth applications met the criteria. In terms of the target market, 77.22% of the applications were targeted towards consumers and only 19.8% were targeted towards healthcare professionals. In terms of category, 48.51% of applications were classified under health and fitness and 45.54% under medical, leading consumers to believe that these applications are credible. In terms of expert involvement in the development of the applications, 31.68% of the applications had scientific society involvement whereas only 28.71% of the applications had healthcare professional involvement. Even though an increasing amount of consumers are turning to mHealth applications to assist them with managing their health, expert involvement in the development of mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management is insufficient. Until this issue is officially addressed, application developers should acquire expert involvement when developing these applications. If consumers can tell which applications are credible, the risks associated with using the applications to help manage their illness will be less.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dinath, Wafeequa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mobile health applications , Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetes self‐management
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/${Handle} , uj:32819 , Citation: Dinath, W. 2019. A review of expert involvement in developing mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management.
- Description: Abstract: Mobile health (mHealth) applications for the self‐management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) are said to have great potential to assist individuals living with T1DM manage their illness more effectively. However, the lack of expert involvement in the development of these mHealth applications pose a serious risk to the consumers. mHealth applications that provide medical advice that is incorrect can harm users that rely on the mHealth application to treat their illness. For this reason, the study reviewed healthcare practitioner and scientific association involvement in the development of mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management. A systematic search comprising of specific search terms, was carried out on Google’s Play Store for mHealth applications intended for managing T1DM. These applications were then reviewed in order to determine the target market, category, developer, date that the application was last updated, price as well as whether a healthcare practitioner or diabetes association took part in the development of the mHealth application. A total of 584 mHealth applications were found on Google Play Store but only 321 mHealth applications met the criteria. In terms of the target market, 77.22% of the applications were targeted towards consumers and only 19.8% were targeted towards healthcare professionals. In terms of category, 48.51% of applications were classified under health and fitness and 45.54% under medical, leading consumers to believe that these applications are credible. In terms of expert involvement in the development of the applications, 31.68% of the applications had scientific society involvement whereas only 28.71% of the applications had healthcare professional involvement. Even though an increasing amount of consumers are turning to mHealth applications to assist them with managing their health, expert involvement in the development of mHealth applications for diabetes self‐management is insufficient. Until this issue is officially addressed, application developers should acquire expert involvement when developing these applications. If consumers can tell which applications are credible, the risks associated with using the applications to help manage their illness will be less.
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A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution
- Emmanuel, Bamidele, Makhatha, Elizabeth, Nheta, Willie
- Authors: Emmanuel, Bamidele , Makhatha, Elizabeth , Nheta, Willie
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Arsenic adsorption , Arsenic fixation , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291122 , uj:31607 , Citation: Emmanuel, B., Makhatha, E. & Nheta, W. 2019. A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution. Energy Procedia 157 (2019) 966–971. 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.263
- Description: Abstract: Mining is a strategic sector of the global economy. However, the effects of mining and mineral processing activities on human health and environment cannot be overemphasized. The prevailing areas of concern include: air quality, water quality, water quantity and the ecological impacts of these activities. Mines activities bring about the release of used water into the environment, nearby rivers or into the ground. Streams, wells and lakes surrounding the mines and the underground water are affected by these mining and mineral processing activities. Arsenic is a major trace impurity that contaminates the air and water surrounding copper mines as a result of the various activities of mining and mineral processing. It therefore poses a worrisome threat to human health and sustainability of the environment. The use of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound has been identified as an effective adsorption technique for the immobilization of arsenic from numerous aqueous solutions. The leaching behaviour of copper and arsenic were analyzed in this review to provide a knowledge on the behaviour of different adsorbents such as lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compounds during the adsorption reactions...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Emmanuel, Bamidele , Makhatha, Elizabeth , Nheta, Willie
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Arsenic adsorption , Arsenic fixation , Pollution
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/291122 , uj:31607 , Citation: Emmanuel, B., Makhatha, E. & Nheta, W. 2019. A review of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound arsenic fixation behaviour in copper aqueous solution. Energy Procedia 157 (2019) 966–971. 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.263
- Description: Abstract: Mining is a strategic sector of the global economy. However, the effects of mining and mineral processing activities on human health and environment cannot be overemphasized. The prevailing areas of concern include: air quality, water quality, water quantity and the ecological impacts of these activities. Mines activities bring about the release of used water into the environment, nearby rivers or into the ground. Streams, wells and lakes surrounding the mines and the underground water are affected by these mining and mineral processing activities. Arsenic is a major trace impurity that contaminates the air and water surrounding copper mines as a result of the various activities of mining and mineral processing. It therefore poses a worrisome threat to human health and sustainability of the environment. The use of lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compound has been identified as an effective adsorption technique for the immobilization of arsenic from numerous aqueous solutions. The leaching behaviour of copper and arsenic were analyzed in this review to provide a knowledge on the behaviour of different adsorbents such as lanthanum nanoparticles impregnated compounds during the adsorption reactions...
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A review of municipal solid waste data for Harare, Zimbabwe
- Nhubu, T., Muzenda, E., Mbohwa, Charles, Patel, B.
- Authors: Nhubu, T. , Muzenda, E. , Mbohwa, Charles , Patel, B.
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/400914 , uj:33482 , Citation: Nhubu, T. et al. 2019. A review of municipal solid waste data for Harare, Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Municipal solid waste (MSW) data sources in Harare metropolitan province show significantly varying data with regards to generation and composition. The sources of variations include data lumping; exclusion of MSW managed outside the formal system and remain uncol-lected, lack of a clear definition of what constitutes MSW within the Zimbabwean context as well as temporal variations. It is therefore important for waste generation and characterisation studies to be undertaken building upon the already existing datasets to ensure the accuracy and reliability needed for data credibility for use in MSW management planning.
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- Authors: Nhubu, T. , Muzenda, E. , Mbohwa, Charles , Patel, B.
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/400914 , uj:33482 , Citation: Nhubu, T. et al. 2019. A review of municipal solid waste data for Harare, Zimbabwe.
- Description: Abstract: Municipal solid waste (MSW) data sources in Harare metropolitan province show significantly varying data with regards to generation and composition. The sources of variations include data lumping; exclusion of MSW managed outside the formal system and remain uncol-lected, lack of a clear definition of what constitutes MSW within the Zimbabwean context as well as temporal variations. It is therefore important for waste generation and characterisation studies to be undertaken building upon the already existing datasets to ensure the accuracy and reliability needed for data credibility for use in MSW management planning.
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A review of waste tyre pyrolysis : a discussion and analysis
- Nkosi, N., Muzenda, E., Belaid, M.
- Authors: Nkosi, N. , Muzenda, E. , Belaid, M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Reactor Selection , Types of Pyrolysis Products , Tyre derived Products,
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403903 , uj:33864 , Citation: Nkosi, N., Muzenda, E. & Belaid, M. 2019. A review of waste tyre pyrolysis : a discussion and analysis.
- Description: Abstract: Over the years, the prospective of end-of-life tyres as a source of fuel, a chemical feedstock and carbonaceous material through pyrolysis has been explored immensely. Through literature review evaluation and analysis, this paper aims to present and discuss the development of waste tyre pyrolysis process as well as the derived products with their possible application pathways. The various reactors that can be employed during the pyrolysis process are discussed. Furthermore, the different types of pyrolysis processes as well as their influence on product yield are highlighted. The paper drew the conclusion that the pyrolysis literature which has been continuously developed over the years emphasize the need to fully understand how operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, heating rate, retention time, feed size; material feed rate ; reactor selection and the type of pyrolysis influence the selection and optimization of product stream/s.
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- Authors: Nkosi, N. , Muzenda, E. , Belaid, M.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Reactor Selection , Types of Pyrolysis Products , Tyre derived Products,
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/403903 , uj:33864 , Citation: Nkosi, N., Muzenda, E. & Belaid, M. 2019. A review of waste tyre pyrolysis : a discussion and analysis.
- Description: Abstract: Over the years, the prospective of end-of-life tyres as a source of fuel, a chemical feedstock and carbonaceous material through pyrolysis has been explored immensely. Through literature review evaluation and analysis, this paper aims to present and discuss the development of waste tyre pyrolysis process as well as the derived products with their possible application pathways. The various reactors that can be employed during the pyrolysis process are discussed. Furthermore, the different types of pyrolysis processes as well as their influence on product yield are highlighted. The paper drew the conclusion that the pyrolysis literature which has been continuously developed over the years emphasize the need to fully understand how operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, heating rate, retention time, feed size; material feed rate ; reactor selection and the type of pyrolysis influence the selection and optimization of product stream/s.
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A review on residential exposure to electromagnetic fields from overhead power lines : electrification as a health burden in rural communities
- Rathebe, Phoka C., Modisane, Dineo S., Rampedi, Maite B.
- Authors: Rathebe, Phoka C. , Modisane, Dineo S. , Rampedi, Maite B.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: electromagnetic fields , Health effects , Power lines
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409603 , uj:34343 , Citation: Rathebe, P.C., Modisane, D.S. & Rampedi, M.B. 2019. A review on residential exposure to electromagnetic fields from overhead power lines : electrification as a health burden in rural communities.
- Description: Abstract: Electrification has improved millions of lives over the years. With the benefit of electricity comes the emission of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from power lines, substations, electrical home appliances and railways. There have been studies done to associate exposure to EMFs with the development of health effects such as cancer and transient biological effects. The aim of this paper is to provide discourse on the association between EMFs and cancer, not excluding other severe health effects such as cognitive impairment and preterm labor in pregnant women. In this paper, google scholar, science direct and PubMed were used to search for literature. Out of thirty articles, fifteen were selected and used to compile this paper. These articles revealed that studies in the past have found conflicting results from research conducted globally. Eight articles out of the fifteen found a link between exposure to EMFs and leukemia as well as impaired neurobehavioral function in children. Six articles found a statistically insignificant association, with one article being inconclusive. World Health Organization (WHO) found a link between childhood Leukemia and EMFs, bringing it into the attention for more research to be done to confirm this association. Based on the evidence, epidemiological studies need to be done and address the data scarcity relating to EMFs from power lines; especially in the South African context.
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- Authors: Rathebe, Phoka C. , Modisane, Dineo S. , Rampedi, Maite B.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: electromagnetic fields , Health effects , Power lines
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/409603 , uj:34343 , Citation: Rathebe, P.C., Modisane, D.S. & Rampedi, M.B. 2019. A review on residential exposure to electromagnetic fields from overhead power lines : electrification as a health burden in rural communities.
- Description: Abstract: Electrification has improved millions of lives over the years. With the benefit of electricity comes the emission of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from power lines, substations, electrical home appliances and railways. There have been studies done to associate exposure to EMFs with the development of health effects such as cancer and transient biological effects. The aim of this paper is to provide discourse on the association between EMFs and cancer, not excluding other severe health effects such as cognitive impairment and preterm labor in pregnant women. In this paper, google scholar, science direct and PubMed were used to search for literature. Out of thirty articles, fifteen were selected and used to compile this paper. These articles revealed that studies in the past have found conflicting results from research conducted globally. Eight articles out of the fifteen found a link between exposure to EMFs and leukemia as well as impaired neurobehavioral function in children. Six articles found a statistically insignificant association, with one article being inconclusive. World Health Organization (WHO) found a link between childhood Leukemia and EMFs, bringing it into the attention for more research to be done to confirm this association. Based on the evidence, epidemiological studies need to be done and address the data scarcity relating to EMFs from power lines; especially in the South African context.
- Full Text: