Are housing price cycles asymmetric? evidence from the US States and metropolitan areas
- André, Christophe, Gupta, Rangan, Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Authors: André, Christophe , Gupta, Rangan , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Asymmetry , House prices , US economy
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404226 , uj:33890 , Citation: André, C., Gupta, R. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2019. Are housing price cycles asymmetric? evidence from the US States and metropolitan areas. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. Volume 23 Issue 1: 1–22. , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2019.6361 , ISSN 1648-715X
- Description: Abstract: This paper investigates asymmetry in US housing price cycles at the state and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) level, using the Triples test (Randles, Flinger, Policello, & Wolfe, 1980) and the Entropy test of Racine and Maasoumi (2007). Several reasons may account for asymmetry in housing prices, including non-linearity in their determinants and in behavioural responses, in particular linked to equity constraints and loss aversion. However, few studies have formally tested the symmetry of housing price cycles. We find that housing prices are asymmetric in the vast majority of cases. Taking into account the results of the two tests, deepness asymmetry, which represents differences in the magnitude of upswings and downturns, is found in 39 out of the 51 states (including the District of Columbia) and 238 out of the 381 MSAs. Steepness asymmetry, which measures differences in the speed of price changes during upswings and downturns, is found in 40 states and 257 MSAs. These results imply that linear models are in most cases insufficient to capture housing price dynamics.
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- Authors: André, Christophe , Gupta, Rangan , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Asymmetry , House prices , US economy
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404226 , uj:33890 , Citation: André, C., Gupta, R. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2019. Are housing price cycles asymmetric? evidence from the US States and metropolitan areas. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. Volume 23 Issue 1: 1–22. , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2019.6361 , ISSN 1648-715X
- Description: Abstract: This paper investigates asymmetry in US housing price cycles at the state and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) level, using the Triples test (Randles, Flinger, Policello, & Wolfe, 1980) and the Entropy test of Racine and Maasoumi (2007). Several reasons may account for asymmetry in housing prices, including non-linearity in their determinants and in behavioural responses, in particular linked to equity constraints and loss aversion. However, few studies have formally tested the symmetry of housing price cycles. We find that housing prices are asymmetric in the vast majority of cases. Taking into account the results of the two tests, deepness asymmetry, which represents differences in the magnitude of upswings and downturns, is found in 39 out of the 51 states (including the District of Columbia) and 238 out of the 381 MSAs. Steepness asymmetry, which measures differences in the speed of price changes during upswings and downturns, is found in 40 states and 257 MSAs. These results imply that linear models are in most cases insufficient to capture housing price dynamics.
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Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students
- Mudzingiri, Calvin, Muteba Mwamba, John W., Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Financial behavior , Confidence , Risk preferences
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/278935 , uj:29942 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students. Cogent Economics & Finance, 6: 1512366. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1512366
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates determinants of financial behavior (FB) of uni- versity students at a university in South Africa. It examines whether financial behavior, confidence, time preferences, risk preferences and financial literacy per- ceptions of university students differ by financial literacy level. Data were gathered via a questionnaire that included personal information, FB, financial perceptions and financial knowledge responses as well as a multiple price list (MPL) risk preferences and time preferences experiment tasks. A convenient total sample of 191 students (females = 53%) participated in the study. A t-test analysis showed that FB, risk preferences, confidence levels, time preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students significantly differed by financial literacy level. Our results show that university students with low financial literacy levels are more overconfi- dent, risk loving and impatient; such FB is synonymous with major causes of financial crises across the world. An OLS regression model analysis showed that the risk preferences index, financial literacy perception index and confidence signifi- cantly influenced the FB of categorized university students. ..
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- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Financial behavior , Confidence , Risk preferences
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/278935 , uj:29942 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students. Cogent Economics & Finance, 6: 1512366. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1512366
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates determinants of financial behavior (FB) of uni- versity students at a university in South Africa. It examines whether financial behavior, confidence, time preferences, risk preferences and financial literacy per- ceptions of university students differ by financial literacy level. Data were gathered via a questionnaire that included personal information, FB, financial perceptions and financial knowledge responses as well as a multiple price list (MPL) risk preferences and time preferences experiment tasks. A convenient total sample of 191 students (females = 53%) participated in the study. A t-test analysis showed that FB, risk preferences, confidence levels, time preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students significantly differed by financial literacy level. Our results show that university students with low financial literacy levels are more overconfi- dent, risk loving and impatient; such FB is synonymous with major causes of financial crises across the world. An OLS regression model analysis showed that the risk preferences index, financial literacy perception index and confidence signifi- cantly influenced the FB of categorized university students. ..
- Full Text:
Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students
- Mudzingiri, Calvin, Muteba Mwamba, John W., Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Financial behavior , Confidence , Risk preferences
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364528 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/286337 , uj:30982 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students. Cogent Economics & Finance (2018), 6: 1512366. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1512366
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates determinants of financial behavior (FB) of university students at a university in South Africa. It examines whether financial behavior, confidence, time preferences, risk preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students differ by financial literacy level. Data were gathered via a questionnaire that included personal information, FB, financial perceptions and financial knowledge responses as well as a multiple price list (MPL) risk preferences and time preferences experiment tasks. A convenient total sample of 191 students (females = 53%) participated in the study. A t-test analysis showed that FB, risk preferences, confidence levels, time preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students significantly differed by financial literacy level. Our results show that university students with low financial literacy levels are more overconfident, risk loving and impatient; such FB is synonymous with major causes of financial crises across the world. An OLS regression model analysis showed that the risk preferences index, financial literacy perception index and confidence significantly influenced the FB of categorized university students. The risk preference index significantly influenced debt FB of categorized university students...
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Financial behavior , Confidence , Risk preferences
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364528 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/286337 , uj:30982 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Financial behavior, confidence, risk preferences and financial literacy of university students. Cogent Economics & Finance (2018), 6: 1512366. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1512366
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates determinants of financial behavior (FB) of university students at a university in South Africa. It examines whether financial behavior, confidence, time preferences, risk preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students differ by financial literacy level. Data were gathered via a questionnaire that included personal information, FB, financial perceptions and financial knowledge responses as well as a multiple price list (MPL) risk preferences and time preferences experiment tasks. A convenient total sample of 191 students (females = 53%) participated in the study. A t-test analysis showed that FB, risk preferences, confidence levels, time preferences and financial literacy perceptions of university students significantly differed by financial literacy level. Our results show that university students with low financial literacy levels are more overconfident, risk loving and impatient; such FB is synonymous with major causes of financial crises across the world. An OLS regression model analysis showed that the risk preferences index, financial literacy perception index and confidence significantly influenced the FB of categorized university students. The risk preference index significantly influenced debt FB of categorized university students...
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Herding behaviour in financial markets : empirical evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
- Ababio, Kofi A., Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Authors: Ababio, Kofi A. , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Behavioural finance , Herding behaviour , Johannesburg Stock Exchange
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/240292 , uj:24719 , Citation: Ababio, K.A. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2017. Herding behaviour in financial markets : empirical evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ababio, Kofi A. , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Behavioural finance , Herding behaviour , Johannesburg Stock Exchange
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/240292 , uj:24719 , Citation: Ababio, K.A. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2017. Herding behaviour in financial markets : empirical evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.
- Description: Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Incentivized time preferences, level of education in a household and financial literacy : laboratory evidence
- Mudzingiri, Calvin, Muteba Mwamba, John W., Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Time preferences , Financial literacy , Education
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/286281 , uj:30974 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Incentivized time preferences, level of education in a household and financial literacy : laboratory evidence. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(2):103-119. , ISSN: 2220-6140
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates the impact of financial literacy, level of education in a household and gender differences on time preferences of students at a university in South Africa. The study relies on a convenient sample of (N=85, female=48%) pursuing a financial literacy course. The study uses a questionnaire, a financial literacy test and a simple binary choice experimental game that elicited individual time discount rate to gather data. Ten percent of the participants were paid (in South African rands) for their time preference choices by way of quota random sampling. Female university students’ individual time discount rate was found to be on average higher than that of their male counterparts, indicating that female university students are generally impatient, especially those with low levels of financial literacy. Our results (using a Negative Binomial Regression analysis and Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis) show that time preferences of university students aresignificantly influenced by highest level of education in the household. The OLS regression model shows that financial literacy, measured using financial literacy test, significantly influence time preferences for all subjects. The study concluded that patience levels among male university students increase as financial literacy increases. Gender, income, age and family size significantly influence time preferences of university students. Highest level of education in a household, financial literacy and gender differences have a bearing on individual time preferences.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mudzingiri, Calvin , Muteba Mwamba, John W. , Keyser, Jacobus Nicolaas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Time preferences , Financial literacy , Education
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/286281 , uj:30974 , Citation: Mudzingiri, C., Muteba Mwamba, J.W. & Keyser, J.N. 2018. Incentivized time preferences, level of education in a household and financial literacy : laboratory evidence. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(2):103-119. , ISSN: 2220-6140
- Description: Abstract: This study investigates the impact of financial literacy, level of education in a household and gender differences on time preferences of students at a university in South Africa. The study relies on a convenient sample of (N=85, female=48%) pursuing a financial literacy course. The study uses a questionnaire, a financial literacy test and a simple binary choice experimental game that elicited individual time discount rate to gather data. Ten percent of the participants were paid (in South African rands) for their time preference choices by way of quota random sampling. Female university students’ individual time discount rate was found to be on average higher than that of their male counterparts, indicating that female university students are generally impatient, especially those with low levels of financial literacy. Our results (using a Negative Binomial Regression analysis and Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis) show that time preferences of university students aresignificantly influenced by highest level of education in the household. The OLS regression model shows that financial literacy, measured using financial literacy test, significantly influence time preferences for all subjects. The study concluded that patience levels among male university students increase as financial literacy increases. Gender, income, age and family size significantly influence time preferences of university students. Highest level of education in a household, financial literacy and gender differences have a bearing on individual time preferences.
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The effects of sovereign ratings on financial stability in South Africa
- Takawira, Oliver, Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Authors: Takawira, Oliver , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Financial Stability , Sovereign Ratings , Macroeconomic Indicators
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/481354 , uj:43613 , Citation: Takawira, O. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2021. The effects of sovereign ratings on financial stability in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: The study examines the effects of sovereign ratings of Financial Stability (FS) using South Africa’ quarterly data from 1999 to 2018. Financial stability is important for confidence in the system responsible for managing risk and creation of wealth while linking deficit and surplus units within an economy. Anything that affects this confidence, such as credit ratings, reduces or increases the availability of funds in the financial sector, hampering growth and development. South Africa, as an emerging market with an unpredictable political stability, is vulnerable to sovereign rating downgrades. Negative expectations or speculating actions towards downgrades can negatively affect the macroeconomic variables, leading to financial instability and disturbances in the fiscal or monetary framework. The paper is aimed at identifying the macroeconomic factors that influence FS, with a focus on the significance of the Sovereign Credit Ratings (SCR). Previous studies failed to contextualise and model the relationship between SCR and FS. The analysis used stepwise linear regression model as well as the Structural Vector Auto-Regression (SVAR) Model to assess the impact of unexpected shocks. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to create the indices for Sovereign Credit Rating (SCRI) and Rating Outlook (ORI). FS was split into four categories—system, conditions, confidence and the government bond index—as a measure of the performance of sovereign bonds. SCRI and other economic indicators were used to check variation in each of the FS categories. The results showed that foreign debt and gross domestic product (GDP) were the most influential determinants in most FS categories, whilst SCRI had very little impact. The other variables of concern on FS include interest rates, GDP growth, unemployment, balance of payments and household debt.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Takawira, Oliver , Muteba Mwamba, John W.
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Financial Stability , Sovereign Ratings , Macroeconomic Indicators
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/481354 , uj:43613 , Citation: Takawira, O. & Muteba Mwamba, J.W. 2021. The effects of sovereign ratings on financial stability in South Africa.
- Description: Abstract: The study examines the effects of sovereign ratings of Financial Stability (FS) using South Africa’ quarterly data from 1999 to 2018. Financial stability is important for confidence in the system responsible for managing risk and creation of wealth while linking deficit and surplus units within an economy. Anything that affects this confidence, such as credit ratings, reduces or increases the availability of funds in the financial sector, hampering growth and development. South Africa, as an emerging market with an unpredictable political stability, is vulnerable to sovereign rating downgrades. Negative expectations or speculating actions towards downgrades can negatively affect the macroeconomic variables, leading to financial instability and disturbances in the fiscal or monetary framework. The paper is aimed at identifying the macroeconomic factors that influence FS, with a focus on the significance of the Sovereign Credit Ratings (SCR). Previous studies failed to contextualise and model the relationship between SCR and FS. The analysis used stepwise linear regression model as well as the Structural Vector Auto-Regression (SVAR) Model to assess the impact of unexpected shocks. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to create the indices for Sovereign Credit Rating (SCRI) and Rating Outlook (ORI). FS was split into four categories—system, conditions, confidence and the government bond index—as a measure of the performance of sovereign bonds. SCRI and other economic indicators were used to check variation in each of the FS categories. The results showed that foreign debt and gross domestic product (GDP) were the most influential determinants in most FS categories, whilst SCRI had very little impact. The other variables of concern on FS include interest rates, GDP growth, unemployment, balance of payments and household debt.
- Full Text:
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