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A conceptual model for pricing health & safety on construction projects

- Akawi, Edzua Jirel, Musonda, Innocent, Ansary, Nazeem

  • Authors: Akawi, Edzua Jirel , Musonda, Innocent , Ansary, Nazeem
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Conceptual model , Construction projects , Cost drivers
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/244757 , uj:25311 , Citation: Akawi, E.J., Musonda, I. & Ansary, N. 2017. A conceptual model for pricing health & safety on construction projects.
  • Description: Abstract: The competitive nature of the construction industry (CI) has marginalised health and safety (H&S) on construction projects. Most clients in the CI, if not all, award projects based on price and in most cases to the “cheapest bidder” and not the “safer bidder”. Consequently, such practices have compelled contractors to lower their bid price to increase their chances of being awarded projects, whereas in contrast, H&S is marginalised. The study, which was a case study of nine projects of which six were civil engineering projects and three building construction projects, was purposed to conceptualise a model for pricing H&S on construction projects. The findings showed that contractors do price for H&S using an itemised breakdown even though such items are not included as a trade in the Bill of Quantities (BOQs). With regards to expenditure, the actual costs of H&S ranged between 2.9% and 3.98% for projects with a value below R500 million and between 4.08% and 4.90% for projects with a value above R500 million. Health and safety costs were found to be directly proportional to the projects value and indirectly influenced by the client. Previous studies recommended that H&S should be priced as an itemised trade in the BOQs, but such recommendations are yet to be implemented. The lack of a conceptual model for pricing H&S on construction makes accurate and adequate monitoring of H&S costs unlikely. Thus, a standardised pricing model will assist contractors to price adequately for H&S, and clients, to ensure that provision for H&S measures on construction projects is adequate as required by the Construction Regulations (CR) 2014.
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A Delphi study on the impact significance of clients and designers on health and safety (H&S) consideration throughout project lifecycle

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

A desk study of road infrastructure performance measurement criteria

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Performance , Performance measurement , Roads
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/244823 , uj:25321 , Citation: Okoro, C., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J. 2017. A desk study of road infrastructure performance measurement criteria.
  • Description: Abstract: Transport infrastructure meets the demands for people and cargo delivery by providing access to working, shopping and travelling and improving the quality of life of citizens. Road infrastructure needs to be sustained for eons after its development. However, there is no consensus on the criteria upon which the operational performance of road infrastructure projects is assessed. This paper aims to identify all potential criteria for assessing road projects in operation. A desk study was conducted using relevant journal and conference papers obtained from databases including ASCE Library, Science Direct and Ebscohost. Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes from extant literature. The themes were tabulated and ranked based on their frequency of occurrence to determine the most important criteria for measuring the performance of road projects in operation. Findings indicate that institutional productivity and effectiveness, operational efficiency, health and safety, mobility, environmental element, public acceptability, asset value, legal and technical factors can be used to assess the performance of road projects. The study provides vital information which would be beneficial to project managers, and indeed investors, in assessing and projecting sustainable performance of road projects in operation.
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A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala

A factor analysis of transportation infrastructure feasibility study factors : a study among built environment professionals in South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala

A factorial analysis of safety performance measures: a study among construction workers in Gauteng, South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala, Exploratory factor analysis

A principal components analysis of safety performance measures: a study among construction workers in Gauteng, South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2016
  • Subjects: Construction workers , Exploratory factor analysis , Gauteng
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/216627 , uj:21531 , Citation: Okoro, C., Musonda, I & Agumba, J. 2016. A principal components analysis of safety performance measures: a study among construction workers in Gauteng, South Africa.
  • Description: Abstract: The health and safety (H&S) of construction workers has been a subject of much deliberation for decades. However, there is scant literature focusing on aspects of workers’ safety performance (SP) relating to their unhealthy and unsafe eating behavior. The paper presents findings on a principal components analysis (PCA) of H&S performance measures. A 10-item questionnaire which was developed after an extensive literature review was used to collect empirical data on SP of construction workers in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Results showed that SP could be reasonably measured by two constructs. The two constructs were clearly defined by the PCA as trailing and prevailing. The emerged trailing measures were named lagging indicators while the prevailing ones were designated as leading indicators. The results lend support to extant literature which advocates the use of both leading and lagging safety performance indicators for effectively assessing construction workers’ safety performance. The study provides evidence which could be beneficial in psychometric evaluation of construction workers’ safety performance and behaviours on construction sites.
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A Review of Critical Project Management Techniques to Enhance Construction SMEs Project Performance

- Emere, Chijioke, Musonda, Innocent, Okoro, Chioma

  • Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396774 , uj:32951 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A Review of Critical Project Management Techniques to Enhance Construction SMEs Project Performance.
  • Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Lit- erature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Af- rica. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management tech- niques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
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A review of critical project management techniques to enhance construction SMEs project performance

- Emere, Chijioke, Musonda, Innocent, Okoro, Chioma

  • Authors: Emere, Chijioke , Musonda, Innocent , Okoro, Chioma
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Construction SMEs , Project performance , Project management techniques
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/404321 , uj:33903 , Citation: Emere, C., Musonda, I. & Okoro, C. 2019. A review of critical project management techniques to enhance construction SMEs project performance.
  • Description: Abstract: Performance is linked with implementation of project management techniques. Literature suggests that problems such as inefficiency, poor budgetary issues, improper planning, scheduling and control in projects execution are associated with inadequate implementation of the essential techniques for meeting project deliverables. These shortcomings are prevalent among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing countries including South Africa. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to review the critical project management techniques for the improvement of construction project performance especially among SMEs in South Africa. The study is based on previous literature on construction SMEs project performance as well as project management techniques implementation. The literature review centered on both international and South African context. The study revealed that critical path method, work breakdown structure, and earned value management analysis were the most occurring project management techniques from the sampled literature. Findings from this study are envisaged to be beneficial to construction stakeholders in developing relevant project management techniques to improve the performance of SMEs.
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A review of factors influencing construction workers’ nutritional uptake

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2014
  • Subjects: Construction workers - Nutrition
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:4889 , ISBN 978-0-86970-782-1 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12603
  • Description: Purpose: Nutrition is linked with construction worker health and safety (H&S) performance. Some accidents, injuries and in some cases, deaths on construction sites are direct or indirect results of physical and psychological distresses (chronic health conditions and mental instability) arising from poor nutrition of construction workers. This alarming situation could gravely affect construction workers, their families, the industry and the economy as a whole since health will be adversely affected, performance will be hindered, avoidable on-site exigencies, injuries and sometimes deaths will occur, resulting in lost working hours or days, lost wages, increased healthcare costs, and decline in productivity and Gross Domestic Product. This study therefore reviews the factors which influence the nutritional uptake amongst construction workers and possible interventions. Methods: This study is based on review of previous literature on the construction industry and its H&S performance, as well as factors influencing nutritional uptake and nutrition interventions in the construction industry. The literature review was based on both international and South African context. Findings: The study revealed that construction workers’ nutrition is influenced by personal factors and environmental factors. The study also established feasible nutrition interventions based on these factors. Nutrition promotion initiatives need to target the different influences on construction workers’ nutritional uptake. Value: The study highlights construction workers’ nutrition influencers and reveals feasible strategies to improve nutrition and thus safety performance on construction sites. Practical implications: Findings from this study will inform development and implementation of programmes and policies targeted towards nutritional uptake tailored for construction workers.
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An assessment of factors influencing collaboration and impacts on organisational performance : a review

- Sepuru, Mercy, Musonda, Innocent, Okoro, Chioma Sylvia

An assessment of transformation strategies in South Africa: A multi-case study of the accounting, financial services, government, and construction sectors

- Musonda, Innocent, Gumbo, Trynos, Okoro, Chioma

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Gumbo, Trynos , Okoro, Chioma
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Built environment , Socio-economic , South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405000 , uj:33989 , Citation: Musonda, I., Gumbo, T., Okoro, C. 2019 : An assessment of transformation strategies in South Africa: A multi-case study of the accounting, financial services, government, and construction sectors.
  • Description: Abstract : Globally, transformation is etched in all sectors of the economy. In the South African context, transformation is viewed as the catalyst to address the country’s socio-economic problems and their associated impact on different sectors and the economy at large. However, progress on transformation within the built environment has been slow in comparison with other sectors of the economy. As a result, this has led to a need to examine the transformation processes in the country. This article aims to analyse transformation strategies as conceptualised and implemented by various sectors. The article is based on a multi-case study of identified sectors and organisations that have developed and implemented transformation strategies. The materials used to conduct the study include sector transformation strategies, charters, journal articles, articles published in reputable South African newspapers, organisation reports, information publicly available on the internet, and interviews conducted with sector representatives. The findings show that, for all sectors, transformation strategies are driven through skills development of human resources, with a view to redressing historical imbalances and providing equal opportunities. The process of strategy development involves sector- wide participation and having a champion for the strategy. In order to ensure that strategies are implemented, specific structured training and education programmes from the grassroots to professional level, as well as monitoring of progress are emphasised. Recommendations are made in line with the findings in order to guide the Council for the Built Environment in the development of a strategy for the built environment.
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An exploratory factor analysis of transportation project sustainability indicators : a case of projects in South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus Ngala

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus Ngala
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Infrastructure , Performance , South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396810 , uj:32956 , Citation: Okoro, C., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J.N. 2019. An exploratory factor analysis of transportation project sustainability indicators: a case of projects in South Africa.
  • Description: Abstract: Sustainable transportation is vital since its impact traverses generations. The concept of sustainable transportation is known to account for incorporation of various elements including environmental, economic, social and institutional factors. The current study employed exploratory factor analytic technique using maximum likelihood factoring to identify critical indicators for assessing transportation infrastructure projects in South Africa. Using purposive and snowball sampling, a questionnaire was distributed via email, google forms and by hand, to project managers, directors, construction managers, planners and feasibility study consultants involved in transportation projects at different stages, in the nine provinces of South Africa. Empirical data amassed from 132 responses, were analysed using SPSS version 25 software.s Descriptive analyses were used for preliminary analyses. Inferential statistics was conducted using exploratory factor analysis, to output common factors and the minimum number of variables that were related to each construct. Findings revealed that a four-factor structure including infrastructure condition and impacts, user acceptability, financial management and safety and security, can adequately measure transportation infrastructure project sustainability. By establishing critical indicators for assessing transportation projects, the study provides relevant evidence to develop strategies to ensure that such investments bring lasting and desirable impacts in the long run. The study was conducted in South Africa and may not be generalisable to other geographical regions, which may have differing priorities with regard to sustainable performance of transport infrastructure. Further studies are on-going to validate the four-factor structure using confirmatory factor analytical techniques.
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An exploratory study on the impact significance of project stakeholders on construction project health and safety (H&S)

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theodore Conrad

An integrative literature review of critical liveability indicators in urban transport infrastructure planning

- Okoro, Chioma, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

  • Authors: Okoro, Chioma , Musonda, Innocent , Agumba, Justus
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Development , Liveability , Planning
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/238011 , uj:24396 , Citation: Okoro, C., Musonda, I. & Agumba, J. 2017. An integrative literature review of critical liveability indicators in urban transport infrastructure planning.
  • Description: Abstract: It is pertinent that urban transport infrastructure developments do not disrupt the lifestyle, health, wellbeing and quality of life of the citizenry for which they are planned. The study aims to identify critical criteria upon which liveability can be measured in an area or location in which transport infrastructure development (new or capacity expansion) is proposed. Existing literature was reviewed and synthesised to identify liveability indicators used in previous studies. Review materials were sourced from accredited journals and conference proceedings. The materials were selected based on their currency and possession of the following keywords and phrases: liveability, sustainability, liveability considerations, liveability indicators, wellbeing of habitants, road planning, and transport infrastructure. Thematic content analysis was used to identify the emerging themes (liveability indicators) from the review. The factors identified were discussed based on their frequency of occurrence, which revealed the relative degree of consensus about them in the literature reviewed. Findings indicate that pollution, ease of access to amenities, services and opportunities, efficiency and effectiveness of service, safety and security, generally indicate liveability (in relation to transport development) in an urban area. Other indicators including availability of alternative modes of transport, reliability/travel time reduction, street aesthetic quality and economic vitality/business environment were also reported as benchmarks for urban liveability. By identifying the indicators of liveability in an urban area, the study provides valuable information that will be useful to road infrastructure planners in evaluating the impact of proposed road infrastructure developments on the environment and the citizenry for which they are intended. The major limitation of the study lies in the fact that it presents a distillation of extant literature which may not really reflect the reality of what is considered “liveable”. Nonetheless, planners will take cognizance of the identified liveability indicators when planning for road projects, whether for new road or capacity expansion.
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Assessing safety performance of construction workers in Gauteng, South Africa

- Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, Musonda, Innocent, Agumba, Justus

Assuring health and safety (H&S) performance on construction projects - clients' role and influence

- Musonda, Innocent, Pretorius, Jan-Harm, Haupt, Conrad Theodore

Challenges of student housing provision through public private partnership

- Ibrahim, AbdulHafeez, Musonda, Innocent, Ibrahim, Kabir

  • Authors: Ibrahim, AbdulHafeez , Musonda, Innocent , Ibrahim, Kabir
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Build-operate-transfer , Nigeria , Public private partnership
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference proceedings
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/278483 , uj:29885 , Citation: Ibrahim, A., Musonda, I. & Ibrahim, K. 2018. Challenges of student housing provision through public private partnership.
  • Description: Abstract: The conditions of suitable accommodation congruent to students’ academic pursuits are at their worst decline. Inadequate hostels for students in Nigerian Universities have been of great concern to Government and the University authorities. In the absence of public funds for infrastructure projects, the government’s attempt to attract the private sector in the provision of student housing has not recorded significant achievement. This study reports on the challenges faced by developers in adopting the Build Operate Transfer (BOT) model of project delivery with focus on public private partnerships (PPP) in Nigeria. The study found that developers perceive investment in student housing under BOT as worthy of investment. The study used a mixed method of data collection. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were administered to members of the Real Estate Developers Association of Nigeria, and interviews were conducted with the Nigerian Infrastructure Regulator commission (ICRC). The study found that Developers are willing to adopt BOT for Student Housing. The study concludes that lack of long term loans, time and cost intensiveness of a BOT project, high interest rate on loans, disinterest on the part of lending institution, and preference for traditional procurement route are the challenges faced by developers in adopting Build-Operate-Transfer for the provision of student housing.
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Client attitude to health and safety – a report on contractor’s perceptions

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo, Smallwood, John

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo , Smallwood, John
  • Date: 2009
  • Subjects: Attitude , Botswana , Client , Construction , Health and safety
  • Language: English
  • Type: Journal article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/32882 , uj:16232 , Citation: Musonda, I., Haupt, T., & Smallwood, J.J. (2009). Client attitude to health and safety – a report on contractor’s perceptions. Acta Structilia : journal for the physical and development science 16(2):65-85. ISSN 10230564
  • Description: Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present findings of a preliminary survey on Contractors’ perceptions of clients’ attitude relative to health and safety (H&S) implementation in Botswana’s construction industry and in a way that of the Southern Africa. A questionnaire survey was conducted on construction projects to establish clients’ attitude towards H&S. Interviews were also conducted with contractor’s representatives on selected construction sites in and around Gaborone, Botswana. Findings from the survey include: clients do not perceive H&S to be very important on construction projects, most clients do not address H&S adequately in contract documentation and H&S is rarely a major agenda item in progress meetings. Findings were also that clients are not fully committed to H&S implementation. The client sets the tone for H&S culture. Client attitude is therefore very important for H&S performance improvement as all stakeholders are compelled to act in line with the client’s values. The importance of the client to H&S performance improvement has been recognised by various researchers. The extent to which clients are involved in H&S implementation has however not been researched extensively especially in Southern Africa. This article therefore provides an insight into the clients’ attitude towards H&S and in a way explains the reason for the current state of H&S in Botswana’s construction industry.
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Conceptual model of client health and safety (H&S) culture

- Musonda, Innocent, Haupt, Theo C.

  • Authors: Musonda, Innocent , Haupt, Theo C.
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: LIP+3C , Health and safety culture model
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: uj:6080 , ISSN 978-0-86970-713-5 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10927
  • Description: Purpose: This paper presents a conceptual six factor client H&S culture model referred to as the LIP+3C. The factors leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence were theorised to explain the client H&S culture construct. The postulated model is based on theory obtained from literature as well as from a Delphi research. H&S culture has been recognised as the feasible way to improve H&S performance in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach: A Delphi study as well as a synthesis of literature was conducted and resulted in a theorised conceptual model. To validate the model, a questionnaire survey with a response of 281 was conducted. Findings from the questionnaire survey were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with EQS version 6.1 software. Findings: The six factor client H&S culture model was found to be well fitting to the sample data through the confirmatory factor analysis. Consequently client H&S culture findings were that client culture could be explained by the level of leadership, involvement, procedures, commitment, communication and competence. Research limitations/implications: The size of the sample may affect the generalisability the findings in view of the complexity of the model. Practical implications: The proposed model in this study makes it possible to determine and predict the client H&S culture. The indicator variables can be used as check items for performance measurement and thus operationalize the concept of H&S culture. Originality/value: Adopting the LIP+3C culture model composed of elements that can easily be implemented and understood will contribute to improving the current H&S status
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