Inequities in health outcomes and access to health care in South Africa : a comparison between persons with and without disabilities
- Moodley, Jacqueline, Ross, Eleanor
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline , Ross, Eleanor
- Date: 2015-06-05
- Subjects: Health care - South Africa , People with disabilities - Health care
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364524 , uj:5590 , ISSN 09687599 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14268
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline , Ross, Eleanor
- Date: 2015-06-05
- Subjects: Health care - South Africa , People with disabilities - Health care
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://ujcontent.uj.ac.za8080/10210/364524 , uj:5590 , ISSN 09687599 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14268
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text: false
The child support grant and young motherhood : exploring correlates of depressive symptomology
- Moodley, Jacqueline, Slijper, Sara Francina
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline , Slijper, Sara Francina
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Depressive symptomology , Child support grant , Young motherhood
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123259 , uj:20770 , ISSN: 1011-2324 , Citation: Moodley, J & Slijper, S.F. 2016. The child support grant and young motherhood : exploring correlates of depressive symptomology.
- Description: Abstract: Young motherhood is acknowledged as a challenge in South Africa, as it is characterised by competing responsibilities in relation to care for children, and the desire to advance into employment and education (Graham, 2012). These competing aspects could place young mothers at a high risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. Young mothers are fortunate that they can access the Child Support Grant (CSG) as a source of financial support for children living in poverty in South Africa. But what other factors play a role in young mothers’ mental well-being? In this article, a secondary analysis of the National Income Dynamics Study (South African Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU), 2008) is conducted, with the aim to investigate the associations between individual factors, household factors and depressive symptomology in young mothers aged 18-24 years. The findings revealed that there is a distal relationship between the CSG and depressive symptomology in young mothers. This means that while the CSG is a source of support and young mothers retain the CSG when they move away from home, the grant without family support is inadequate in protecting young mothers against depressive symptoms. Interventions that are aimed at building parenting and financial abilities are, therefore, crucial in protecting young mothers against depressive symptoms as they age.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline , Slijper, Sara Francina
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Depressive symptomology , Child support grant , Young motherhood
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/123259 , uj:20770 , ISSN: 1011-2324 , Citation: Moodley, J & Slijper, S.F. 2016. The child support grant and young motherhood : exploring correlates of depressive symptomology.
- Description: Abstract: Young motherhood is acknowledged as a challenge in South Africa, as it is characterised by competing responsibilities in relation to care for children, and the desire to advance into employment and education (Graham, 2012). These competing aspects could place young mothers at a high risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. Young mothers are fortunate that they can access the Child Support Grant (CSG) as a source of financial support for children living in poverty in South Africa. But what other factors play a role in young mothers’ mental well-being? In this article, a secondary analysis of the National Income Dynamics Study (South African Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU), 2008) is conducted, with the aim to investigate the associations between individual factors, household factors and depressive symptomology in young mothers aged 18-24 years. The findings revealed that there is a distal relationship between the CSG and depressive symptomology in young mothers. This means that while the CSG is a source of support and young mothers retain the CSG when they move away from home, the grant without family support is inadequate in protecting young mothers against depressive symptoms. Interventions that are aimed at building parenting and financial abilities are, therefore, crucial in protecting young mothers against depressive symptoms as they age.
- Full Text: false
The effects of selected socio-demographic variables on depression and resilience in a sample of socio-economically disadvantaged women in Doornkop, Soweto
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline
- Date: 2013-07-25
- Subjects: Depression in women - South Africa - Soweto , Resilience (Personality trait) - South Africa - Soweto , Women - Mental health , People with social disabilities , Women - South Africa - Soweto
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7700 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8566
- Description: M.Sc. (Research Psychology) , Mental health is known to be adversely affected by gender inequality and poverty. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that psychological disorders affect half the global population (WHO, 2010) and South African estimates posited that 16.5% of the population presented with common mental disorders in 2007 (Williams et al., 2008). Depression and anxiety disorders in women, specifically, are posing a major public health concern in developing countries due to inadequate treatment (Aidoo & Harpham, 2001). Protective factors, namely intrapersonal, interpersonal, community and cultural factors, were identified by Ungar (2008) as a mechanism that promotes resilience and alleviates the effects of adversity. In order to develop knowledge geared toward intervention strategies to promote mental health in socio-economically disadvantaged women in urban communities, this study employed an explanatory mixed methods research design (which included both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews) to establish an incidence of depressive symptoms, and levels of ego-resilience, among women in Doornkop, Soweto. This was done in order to explore, first, the relationships between selected socio-demographic variables and depression and ego-resilience, and second, to investigate if there was a relationship between depression and ego-resilience. Finally, the study aimed to gain an understanding of how women perceived the role of protective resources in their lives which might promote positive mental health outcomes. The statistical component of the study found a weak negative correlation between the two constructs of depression and ego-resilience. Symptoms of depression appeared to be related by exposure to a high number of difficult life experiences, and particularly in instances of having been a victim of crime or violence. While ego-resilience seemed to be related to increased participation in community groups, it also correlated with adversity, namely, unemployment. This led the researcher to the conclusion that for this sample, depression and ego-resilience were independent constructs, and although they were divergent concepts, both were shaped by exposure to adversity. The interview data further explored exogenous sources of resilience as set out by Ungar (2008). These findings highlighted the importance of interpersonal relations on feelings of well-being. While the protective factors varied in the sources from which they arose (from children, romantic partners, parents, peers and community groups to music and television, and faith in God), they all provided a sense of purpose, belonging and self -worth, which enabled positive feelings. The main recommendation that arose from the research was the need for community education about mental illness, the services available to communities, and the importance of developing and maintaining family and community systems of support. These measures may go some way toward enhancing resilience in women and reducing vulnerability to mental disorders arising from experiences of adversity. Furthermore, a focus on community-based interventions, such as education and life skills, is vital in shifting the focus of interventions from mental illness to the promotion of mental health. Ongoing research is fundamental to developing our existing knowledge of both psychopathology and the promotion of mental well-being in women in socio-economically deprived communities. Research, in light of the challenges facing community mental health services in poor areas, could include foci on the beliefs of professionals including the knowledge and skills required to deliver effective mental health services. Knowledge of this nature should serve to enhance our understanding of the complexities of mental health and inform the development of innovative and appropriate treatment modalities that are oriented to the particular needs of women in resource-poor communities.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Moodley, Jacqueline
- Date: 2013-07-25
- Subjects: Depression in women - South Africa - Soweto , Resilience (Personality trait) - South Africa - Soweto , Women - Mental health , People with social disabilities , Women - South Africa - Soweto
- Type: Thesis
- Identifier: uj:7700 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8566
- Description: M.Sc. (Research Psychology) , Mental health is known to be adversely affected by gender inequality and poverty. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that psychological disorders affect half the global population (WHO, 2010) and South African estimates posited that 16.5% of the population presented with common mental disorders in 2007 (Williams et al., 2008). Depression and anxiety disorders in women, specifically, are posing a major public health concern in developing countries due to inadequate treatment (Aidoo & Harpham, 2001). Protective factors, namely intrapersonal, interpersonal, community and cultural factors, were identified by Ungar (2008) as a mechanism that promotes resilience and alleviates the effects of adversity. In order to develop knowledge geared toward intervention strategies to promote mental health in socio-economically disadvantaged women in urban communities, this study employed an explanatory mixed methods research design (which included both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews) to establish an incidence of depressive symptoms, and levels of ego-resilience, among women in Doornkop, Soweto. This was done in order to explore, first, the relationships between selected socio-demographic variables and depression and ego-resilience, and second, to investigate if there was a relationship between depression and ego-resilience. Finally, the study aimed to gain an understanding of how women perceived the role of protective resources in their lives which might promote positive mental health outcomes. The statistical component of the study found a weak negative correlation between the two constructs of depression and ego-resilience. Symptoms of depression appeared to be related by exposure to a high number of difficult life experiences, and particularly in instances of having been a victim of crime or violence. While ego-resilience seemed to be related to increased participation in community groups, it also correlated with adversity, namely, unemployment. This led the researcher to the conclusion that for this sample, depression and ego-resilience were independent constructs, and although they were divergent concepts, both were shaped by exposure to adversity. The interview data further explored exogenous sources of resilience as set out by Ungar (2008). These findings highlighted the importance of interpersonal relations on feelings of well-being. While the protective factors varied in the sources from which they arose (from children, romantic partners, parents, peers and community groups to music and television, and faith in God), they all provided a sense of purpose, belonging and self -worth, which enabled positive feelings. The main recommendation that arose from the research was the need for community education about mental illness, the services available to communities, and the importance of developing and maintaining family and community systems of support. These measures may go some way toward enhancing resilience in women and reducing vulnerability to mental disorders arising from experiences of adversity. Furthermore, a focus on community-based interventions, such as education and life skills, is vital in shifting the focus of interventions from mental illness to the promotion of mental health. Ongoing research is fundamental to developing our existing knowledge of both psychopathology and the promotion of mental well-being in women in socio-economically deprived communities. Research, in light of the challenges facing community mental health services in poor areas, could include foci on the beliefs of professionals including the knowledge and skills required to deliver effective mental health services. Knowledge of this nature should serve to enhance our understanding of the complexities of mental health and inform the development of innovative and appropriate treatment modalities that are oriented to the particular needs of women in resource-poor communities.
- Full Text:
The Gender dynamics and impact of the Child Support Grant in Doornkop, Soweto
- Patel, Leila, Hochfeld, Tessa, Moodley, Jacqueline, Mutwali, Reem
- Authors: Patel, Leila , Hochfeld, Tessa , Moodley, Jacqueline , Mutwali, Reem
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Child Support Grant , Gender empowerment , Doornkop (Soweto, Gauteng) , Social grants
- Type: Report
- Identifier: uj:6605 , ISSN 978-0-86970-719-7 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8268
- Description: Since the introduction of the Child Support Grant (CSG) in 1998, the majority of the beneficiaries are now women. The grant reaches 10.7 million children which makes up approximately 55 percent of the total number of children in South Africa. The CSG is internationally recognised to be an innovative intervention to reduce poverty and promote child well-being. The aim of the study was to assess the gendered impact of the CSG in Doornkop, Soweto, which is a poor urban community. A survey of 343 households was conducted which was systematically sampled. The findings may be generalised to other poor urban areas with high uptake levels of the CSG. This report contains the findings and conclusions of the study which are briefly summarised below. A total of 81.9 percent of the households surveyed received one or more CSGs with an average of 2.2 CSGs per household. CSG beneficiaries were mainly younger women between 16 and 40 years (62 percent), who have a secondary education (55.6 percent), and are likely to be unmarried (48 percent) and the head of their households (52 percent). The grant is well targeted at poor households and particularly the very poorest. The CSG is the only regular source of income in these households complemented by other diverse sources of income such as pensions and disability grants (33.5 percent), small business activities (24.1 percent), casual work (23.7 percent), and limited material and in-kind support from family and external agencies (17.4 percent). Some households receive private maintenance from the fathers of the children (24.5 percent) who are not living with them although many fathers do not pay maintenance (60.8 percent). Only 12.5 percent of CSG beneficiaries were employed. High unemployment among CSG beneficiaries is closely associated with high overall female unemployment nationally and the huge domestic and care responsibilities of women with young children.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Patel, Leila , Hochfeld, Tessa , Moodley, Jacqueline , Mutwali, Reem
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Child Support Grant , Gender empowerment , Doornkop (Soweto, Gauteng) , Social grants
- Type: Report
- Identifier: uj:6605 , ISSN 978-0-86970-719-7 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8268
- Description: Since the introduction of the Child Support Grant (CSG) in 1998, the majority of the beneficiaries are now women. The grant reaches 10.7 million children which makes up approximately 55 percent of the total number of children in South Africa. The CSG is internationally recognised to be an innovative intervention to reduce poverty and promote child well-being. The aim of the study was to assess the gendered impact of the CSG in Doornkop, Soweto, which is a poor urban community. A survey of 343 households was conducted which was systematically sampled. The findings may be generalised to other poor urban areas with high uptake levels of the CSG. This report contains the findings and conclusions of the study which are briefly summarised below. A total of 81.9 percent of the households surveyed received one or more CSGs with an average of 2.2 CSGs per household. CSG beneficiaries were mainly younger women between 16 and 40 years (62 percent), who have a secondary education (55.6 percent), and are likely to be unmarried (48 percent) and the head of their households (52 percent). The grant is well targeted at poor households and particularly the very poorest. The CSG is the only regular source of income in these households complemented by other diverse sources of income such as pensions and disability grants (33.5 percent), small business activities (24.1 percent), casual work (23.7 percent), and limited material and in-kind support from family and external agencies (17.4 percent). Some households receive private maintenance from the fathers of the children (24.5 percent) who are not living with them although many fathers do not pay maintenance (60.8 percent). Only 12.5 percent of CSG beneficiaries were employed. High unemployment among CSG beneficiaries is closely associated with high overall female unemployment nationally and the huge domestic and care responsibilities of women with young children.
- Full Text:
Understanding poverty and disability in Johannesburg
- Graham, Lauren, Selipsky, Lisa, Moodley, Jacqueline, Maina, Jennifer, Rowland, William
- Authors: Graham, Lauren , Selipsky, Lisa , Moodley, Jacqueline , Maina, Jennifer , Rowland, William
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Poverty , People with disabilities
- Type: Report
- Identifier: uj:6609 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8276
- Description: It is often difficult to ascertain how many people are living with a disability in South Africa, primarily due to a lack of awareness about certain types of disabilities (particularly learning disabilities); stigma that is sometimes associated with disability, and the fine line that exists between chronic illness and disability, particularly in relation to the disability grant in South Africa. In addition, as Schneider, Dasappa, Khan and Khan, (2009: 246) point out, “large differences in disability statistics are currently observed internationally due to a lack of consistency in what is being measured as ‘disability’.” Nevertheless estimates suggest that globally between 10% and 12% of the population is currently living with a disability.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Graham, Lauren , Selipsky, Lisa , Moodley, Jacqueline , Maina, Jennifer , Rowland, William
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Poverty , People with disabilities
- Type: Report
- Identifier: uj:6609 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8276
- Description: It is often difficult to ascertain how many people are living with a disability in South Africa, primarily due to a lack of awareness about certain types of disabilities (particularly learning disabilities); stigma that is sometimes associated with disability, and the fine line that exists between chronic illness and disability, particularly in relation to the disability grant in South Africa. In addition, as Schneider, Dasappa, Khan and Khan, (2009: 246) point out, “large differences in disability statistics are currently observed internationally due to a lack of consistency in what is being measured as ‘disability’.” Nevertheless estimates suggest that globally between 10% and 12% of the population is currently living with a disability.
- Full Text:
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