Biodiesel production over nano-MgO supported on titania
- Mguni, Liberty L, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nano-MgO , Transesterification , Titania , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6058 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10473
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nano-MgO , Transesterification , Titania , Biodiesel
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6058 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10473
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Effect of calcination temperature and MgO crystallite size on MgO/TiO2 catalyst system for soybean transesterification
- Mguni, Liberty L, Meijboom, Reinout, Jalama, Kalala
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Calcination temperature , Transesterification , Soybean
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6289 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9895
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mguni, Liberty L , Meijboom, Reinout , Jalama, Kalala
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Calcination temperature , Transesterification , Soybean
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:6289 , ISBN 2010-376X , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9895
- Description: Please refer to full text to view abstract
- Full Text:
Effect of moisture quantity on non-distillation oil extraction from SCG using methanol
- Mojapelo, Nancy, Mollagee, Mansoor, Muzenda, Edison, Mguni, Liberty L
- Authors: Mojapelo, Nancy , Mollagee, Mansoor , Muzenda, Edison , Mguni, Liberty L
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Oil extraction , Methanol , Hexane , Spent coffee grounds
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4902 , ISSN 2349-1442 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12997
- Description: Oil was extracted from spent coffee grounds using methanol. Methanol is not a popular solvent for oil extraction because of its toxicity but it is ideal for biodiesel production. The SCG was determined to contain 17.1 % wt% oil by extraction using hexane for 16h. The highest oil extraction 8.5 wt% was observed on a dry sample at a separation temperature of 25 ˚C representing only 50% recovery. Oil extraction was observed to depend on separation temperature and SCG water quantity. The extracted oil was characterised by a number of methods. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed no difference in functional groups between hexane and methanol extracted oil. The Refractive Index (RI) results also suggested similarity in fatty acid chain length for oils extracted by these solvent. However, it was observed that oil extracted by hexane had higher amounts of FFA compared to methanol extracted oil.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mojapelo, Nancy , Mollagee, Mansoor , Muzenda, Edison , Mguni, Liberty L
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Oil extraction , Methanol , Hexane , Spent coffee grounds
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4902 , ISSN 2349-1442 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12997
- Description: Oil was extracted from spent coffee grounds using methanol. Methanol is not a popular solvent for oil extraction because of its toxicity but it is ideal for biodiesel production. The SCG was determined to contain 17.1 % wt% oil by extraction using hexane for 16h. The highest oil extraction 8.5 wt% was observed on a dry sample at a separation temperature of 25 ˚C representing only 50% recovery. Oil extraction was observed to depend on separation temperature and SCG water quantity. The extracted oil was characterised by a number of methods. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed no difference in functional groups between hexane and methanol extracted oil. The Refractive Index (RI) results also suggested similarity in fatty acid chain length for oils extracted by these solvent. However, it was observed that oil extracted by hexane had higher amounts of FFA compared to methanol extracted oil.
- Full Text:
Non-distillation oil extraction from SCG using ethanol Propan ropan-2-ol
- Mabona, Nomfundo, Muzenda, Edison, Mollagee, Mansoor, Mguni, Liberty L
- Authors: Mabona, Nomfundo , Muzenda, Edison , Mollagee, Mansoor , Mguni, Liberty L
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Ethanol , Propanol , Spent coffee grounds , Oil extraction
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4904 , ISSN 2349-1442 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13002
- Description: Non-distillation oil extraction is a process whereby the step required to distillate the solvent (alcohol) to recover residual oil and by-products is eliminated. This is achieved by cooling the extraction products such that oil and some by-products become immiscible and they separate from the alcohol. The effect of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCG)/solvent ratio on non-distillation oil recovery was investigated. It was observed that recovery increased with an increase in ratio for both solvents, ethanol and propanol. The effect of separation temperature was also investigated and it was observed that the highest recovery was achieved at 15 oC. Generally it was observed that propanol recovery for non-distillation extraction was higher than that of ethanol. The main fatty acids present in the SCG oil were found to be palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C 18:0) and linoleic acid (18:2). Unsaponification values obtained for non-distillation extracted oil were 6.8 and 8.3% for ethanol and propanol respectively. These values are comparable with those of refined oil.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mabona, Nomfundo , Muzenda, Edison , Mollagee, Mansoor , Mguni, Liberty L
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Ethanol , Propanol , Spent coffee grounds , Oil extraction
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4904 , ISSN 2349-1442 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13002
- Description: Non-distillation oil extraction is a process whereby the step required to distillate the solvent (alcohol) to recover residual oil and by-products is eliminated. This is achieved by cooling the extraction products such that oil and some by-products become immiscible and they separate from the alcohol. The effect of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCG)/solvent ratio on non-distillation oil recovery was investigated. It was observed that recovery increased with an increase in ratio for both solvents, ethanol and propanol. The effect of separation temperature was also investigated and it was observed that the highest recovery was achieved at 15 oC. Generally it was observed that propanol recovery for non-distillation extraction was higher than that of ethanol. The main fatty acids present in the SCG oil were found to be palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C 18:0) and linoleic acid (18:2). Unsaponification values obtained for non-distillation extracted oil were 6.8 and 8.3% for ethanol and propanol respectively. These values are comparable with those of refined oil.
- Full Text:
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