Electrolytic deposition of manganese dioxide from Nigerian manganese ore using graphite electrodes
- Muriana, R. A., Omeye, L. U., Abubakre, O. K., Muzenda, E., Ndlovu, S., Abdulkareem, A. S.
- Authors: Muriana, R. A. , Omeye, L. U. , Abubakre, O. K. , Muzenda, E. , Ndlovu, S. , Abdulkareem, A. S.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Driving potential , Electrolytic deposition , Electrolytic manganese dioxide
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/250364 , uj:26088 , Citation: Muriana, R.A. et al. 2017. Electrolytic deposition of manganese dioxide from Nigerian manganese ore using graphite electrodes. 2nd International Engineering Conference (IEC 2017) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
- Description: Abstract: Super rich manganese dioxide got deposited at the anode when manganese sulphate solution was electrolytically decomposed, and the deposits called Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (EMD). Manganese ore containing about 35.79% manganese from Ka’oje (Kebbi State, Nigeria) with pyrolusite (MnO2) as the major manganese mineral alongside iron mineral present as hematite, was the resource material. Some 1973.31g of beneficiated ore sample (75 to 600μm) was isothermally reduced with charcoal (52.17% carbon) at 6000C for one hour. The paramagnetic high oxide ore got reduced to a ferromagnetic lower oxide containing 38.90% manganese. Some 610g portions of the reduced ore were leached in varied concentrations of sulphuric acid (1.0M, 1.5M and 2.0M) at 500C for one hour and 42.36% leaching efficiency was achieved with 2.0M acid. Calculated elemental mass balance revealed that 2.0M acid dissolved 100.52g of manganese into the leach liquor as manganese sulphate along with 13.83g of iron and 7.47g of aluminium as the major elements. Each leach filtrate was purified with aqueous sodium hydroxide except some 600ml of filtrate from 2.0M acid leaching which was decomposed unpurified for comparison. The filtrates were respectively electrolyzed at 2.5V, 3.0V and 4.0V driving potentials for five hours using graphite electrodes. Analyses showed that the purified liquor extracted with 2.0M acid and electrolysed at 4.0V deposited the best quantity and quality of EMD, containing 98% MnO2. This high grade EMD is a principal precursor in Ferro-alloy production for steel making and also an important raw material for electrochemical cells and other allied manganese-based chemicals.
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- Authors: Muriana, R. A. , Omeye, L. U. , Abubakre, O. K. , Muzenda, E. , Ndlovu, S. , Abdulkareem, A. S.
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Driving potential , Electrolytic deposition , Electrolytic manganese dioxide
- Language: English
- Type: Conference proceedings
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/250364 , uj:26088 , Citation: Muriana, R.A. et al. 2017. Electrolytic deposition of manganese dioxide from Nigerian manganese ore using graphite electrodes. 2nd International Engineering Conference (IEC 2017) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
- Description: Abstract: Super rich manganese dioxide got deposited at the anode when manganese sulphate solution was electrolytically decomposed, and the deposits called Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (EMD). Manganese ore containing about 35.79% manganese from Ka’oje (Kebbi State, Nigeria) with pyrolusite (MnO2) as the major manganese mineral alongside iron mineral present as hematite, was the resource material. Some 1973.31g of beneficiated ore sample (75 to 600μm) was isothermally reduced with charcoal (52.17% carbon) at 6000C for one hour. The paramagnetic high oxide ore got reduced to a ferromagnetic lower oxide containing 38.90% manganese. Some 610g portions of the reduced ore were leached in varied concentrations of sulphuric acid (1.0M, 1.5M and 2.0M) at 500C for one hour and 42.36% leaching efficiency was achieved with 2.0M acid. Calculated elemental mass balance revealed that 2.0M acid dissolved 100.52g of manganese into the leach liquor as manganese sulphate along with 13.83g of iron and 7.47g of aluminium as the major elements. Each leach filtrate was purified with aqueous sodium hydroxide except some 600ml of filtrate from 2.0M acid leaching which was decomposed unpurified for comparison. The filtrates were respectively electrolyzed at 2.5V, 3.0V and 4.0V driving potentials for five hours using graphite electrodes. Analyses showed that the purified liquor extracted with 2.0M acid and electrolysed at 4.0V deposited the best quantity and quality of EMD, containing 98% MnO2. This high grade EMD is a principal precursor in Ferro-alloy production for steel making and also an important raw material for electrochemical cells and other allied manganese-based chemicals.
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Carbothermic reduction kinetics of Ka’oje (Nigeria) manganese ore
- Muriana, R. A., Muzenda, Edison, Abubakre, O. K.
- Authors: Muriana, R. A. , Muzenda, Edison , Abubakre, O. K.
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Manganese ores - Nigeria - Ka’oje , Pyrolusite
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12206
- Description: The kinetics of carbothermic reduction of manganese ore from Ka’oje deposit has been established. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the as-mined ore samples affirmed the presence of pyrolusite as the major manganese mineral in the ore, existing alongside with iron mineral present as hematite optically identified by transmitted infrared light microscopy. Samples with particles size ranges—106 μm were isothermally treated using charcoal of 52.17% carbon content as the reductant. The treatment was carried out at 550˚C, 600˚C, 650˚C and 750˚C with varied roasting retention time. Ore-mineral reduction kinetic model equations were developed using the generated thermal data. Results showed that the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the chemical reaction controlled reduction was 19.99 KJ/mole using the diminishing area rate equation. Obtained Ea values for diffusion controlled reduction of the ore-minerals were 36.28 Kj/mole and 29.56 KJ/mole using Jander and Ginsthing-Brounshtein equations respectively. These hereby established reduction susceptibility of the manganese oxide mineral from higher oxide to lower oxides meant for further hydrometallurgical treatments.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Muriana, R. A. , Muzenda, Edison , Abubakre, O. K.
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Manganese ores - Nigeria - Ka’oje , Pyrolusite
- Type: Article
- Identifier: uj:4808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12206
- Description: The kinetics of carbothermic reduction of manganese ore from Ka’oje deposit has been established. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the as-mined ore samples affirmed the presence of pyrolusite as the major manganese mineral in the ore, existing alongside with iron mineral present as hematite optically identified by transmitted infrared light microscopy. Samples with particles size ranges—106 μm were isothermally treated using charcoal of 52.17% carbon content as the reductant. The treatment was carried out at 550˚C, 600˚C, 650˚C and 750˚C with varied roasting retention time. Ore-mineral reduction kinetic model equations were developed using the generated thermal data. Results showed that the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the chemical reaction controlled reduction was 19.99 KJ/mole using the diminishing area rate equation. Obtained Ea values for diffusion controlled reduction of the ore-minerals were 36.28 Kj/mole and 29.56 KJ/mole using Jander and Ginsthing-Brounshtein equations respectively. These hereby established reduction susceptibility of the manganese oxide mineral from higher oxide to lower oxides meant for further hydrometallurgical treatments.
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