Showing items 1 - 20 of 56

Advancement of nanobiomaterials to deliver natural compounds for tissue engineering applications

- Dhilip Kumar, Sathish Sundar, Abrahamse, Heidi

Anti-Proliferative, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Syzygium mundagam Bark Methanol Extract

- Chandran, Rahul, George, Blassan P., Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Chandran, Rahul , George, Blassan P. , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Lactate dehydrogenase , Hoechst stain , Granuloma tissue
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/425298 , uj:36406 , Rahul, C., George, B.P., Abrahamse, H.: Anti-Proliferative, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Syzygium mundagam Bark Methanol Extract. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122900
  • Description: Abstract: Cancer, pain and inflammation have long been a cause for concern amongst patients, clinicians and research scientists. There is an alarming increase in the demand for medicines suppressing these disease conditions. The present study investigates the role of Syzygium mundagam bark methanol (SMBM) extract against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, pain and inflammation. The MCF-7 cells treated with SMBM were analyzed for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, changes in cell morphology and nuclear damage. Hot plate, acetic acid and formalin-induced pain models were followed to determine the analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan, egg albumin and cotton pellet induced rat models. Microscopic images of cells in SMBM treated groups showed prominent cell shrinkage and nuclear damage. Hoechst stain results supported the cell death morphology. The decline in ATP (47.96%) and increased LDH (40.96%) content indicated SMBM induced toxicity in MCF-7 cells. In the in vivo study, a higher dose (200 mg/kg) of the extract was found to be effective in reducing pain and inflammation. The results are promising and the action of the extract on MCF-7 cells, pain and inflammation models indicate the potential of drugs of natural origin to improve current therapies.
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Effective gold nanoparticle-antibody-mediated drug delivery for photodynamic therapy of lung cancer stem cells

- Crous, Anine, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Crous, Anine , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Lung cancer stem cells , Gold nanoparticles , Immunoconjugate
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/415769 , uj:35143 , Citation: Crous, A., Abrahamse, H. Effective gold nanoparticle-antibody-mediated drug delivery for photodynamic therapy of lung cancer stem cells
  • Description: Abstract: , Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a leading contributor to lung cancer mortality rates. CSCs are responsible for tumor growth and recurrence through inhibition of drug-induced cell death, decreasing the effect of traditional cancer therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT can be improved to successfully treat lung cancer by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), due to their size and shape, which have been shown to facilitate drug delivery and retention, along with the targeted antibody (Ab) mediated selection of CSCs. In this study, a nanobioconjugate (NBC) was constructed, using a photosensitizer (PS) (AlPcS4Cl), AuNPs and Abs. The NBC was characterized, using spectroscopy techniques. Photodynamic effects of the NBC on lung CSCs was evaluated, using biochemical assays 24 h post-irradiation, in order to establish its anticancer effect. Results showed successful conjugation of the nanocomposite. Localization of the NBC was seen to be in integral organelles involved in cell homeostasis. Biochemical responses of lung CSCs treated using AlPcS4Cl -AuNP and AlPcS4Cl-AuNP-Ab showed significant cell toxicity and cell death, compared to free AlPcS4Cl. The PDT effects were enhanced when using the NBC, showing significant lung CSC destruction to the point of eradication.
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Effective photodynamic therapy for colon cancer cells using Chlorin e6 Coated Hyaluronic acid-based carbon nanotubes

- Sundaram, Prabhavathi, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Sundaram, Prabhavathi , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Ccolon cancer , Chlorin e6 , Carbon nanotubes
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/426594 , uj:36597 , Sundaram, P., Abrahamse, H.: Effective photodynamic therapy for colon cancer cells using Chlorin e6 Coated Hyaluronic acid-based carbon nanotubes. DOI:10.3390/ijms21134745
  • Description: Abstract: Colon cancer is the third major cancer contributor to mortality worldwide. Nanosized particles have attracted attention due to their possible contribution towards cancer treatment and diagnosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer therapeutic modality that involves a light source, a photosensitizer and reactive oxygen species. Carbon nanotubes are fascinating nanocarriers for drug delivery, cancer diagnosis and numerous potential applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. In this study, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were coupled with hyaluronic acid (HA) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) coated on the walls of SWCNTs. The newly synthesized nanobiocomposite was characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform electron microscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), particle size analysis and zeta potential. The loading efficiency of the SWCNTs-HA for Ce6 was calculated. The toxicity of the nanobiocomposite was tested on colon cancer cells using PDT at a fluence of 5 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2 . After 24 h, cellular changes were observed via microscopy, LDH cytotoxicity assay and cell death induction using annexin propidium iodide. The results showed that the newly synthesized nanobiocomposite enhanced the ability of PDT to be a photosensitizer carrier and induced cell death in colon cancer cells.
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Enhancement of phthalocyanine mediated photodynamic therapy by catechin on lung cancer cells

- Senapathy, Giftson J., George, Blassan P., Abrahamse, Heidi

Identifying plant-based natural medicine against oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders

- Chandran, Rahul, Abrahamse, Heidi

Nanotechnology in Modern Photodynamic Therapy of cancer : a review of cellular resistance patterns affecting the therapeutic response

- Chizenga, Elvin Peter, Abrahamse, Heidi

Oxygen-independent antimicrobial photoinactivation : Type III photochemical Mechanism?

- Hamblin, Michael R., Abrahamse, Heidi

Phototherapy combined with carbon nanomaterials (1D and 2D) and their applications in cancer therapy

- Sundaram, Prabhavathi, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Sundaram, Prabhavathi , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Cancer , Carbon nanotubes , Graphene
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/455158 , uj:40275 , Citation: Sundaram, P. & Abrahamse, H. 2020. Phototherapy combined with carbon nanomaterials (1D and 2D) and their applications in cancer therapy.
  • Description: Abstract: Carbon‐based materials have attracted research interest worldwide due to their physical and chemical properties and wide surface area, rendering them excellent carrier molecules. They are widely used in biological applications like antimicrobial activity, cancer diagnosis, bio‐imaging, targeting, drug delivery, biosensors, tissue engineering, dental care, and skin care. Carbon‐based nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes and graphene have drawn more attention in the field of phototherapy due to their unique properties such as thermal conductivity, large surface area, and electrical properties. Phototherapy is a promising next‐generation therapeutic modality for many modern medical conditions that include cancer diagnosis, targeting, and treatment. Phototherapy involves the major administration of photosensitizers (PSs), which absorb light sources and emit reactive oxygen species under cellular environments. Several types of nontoxic PSs are functionalized on carbon‐based nanomaterials and have numerous advantages in cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the potential role and combined effect of phototherapy and carbon nanomaterials, the mechanism and functionalization of PSs on nanomaterials, and their promising advantages in cancer therapy.
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Potential treatment of breast and lung cancer using dicoma anomala, an African medicinal plant

- Chota, Alexander, George, Blassan P., Abrahamse, Heidi

Recent advances in porphyrin-based inorganic nanoparticles for cancer treatment

- Montaseri, Hanieh, Kruger, Cherie Ann, Abrahamse, Heidi

Redox potential of antioxidants in cancer progression and prevention

- George, Sajan, Abrahamse, Heidi

Review : Organic nanoparticle based active targeting for photodynamic therapy treatment of breast cancer cells

- Montaseri, Hanieh, Kruger, Cherie Ann, Abrahamse, Heidi

Role of Bcl-2 family proteins in photodynamic therapy mediated cell survival and regulation

- Aniogo, Eric Chekwube, George, Blassan Plackal Adimuriyil, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Aniogo, Eric Chekwube , George, Blassan Plackal Adimuriyil , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Bcl-2 family , Pro-apoptotic , Anti-apoptotic
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/457556 , uj:40606 , Citation: Aniogo, E.C., George, B.P.A. & Abrahamse, H. 2020. Role of Bcl-2 family proteins in photodynamic therapy mediated cell survival and regulation. , DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225308
  • Description: Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that involves three components: combination of a photosensitizer, light and molecular oxygen that leads to localized formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS generated from this promising therapeutic modality can be lethal to the cell and leads to consequential destruction of tumor cells. However, sometimes the ROS trigger a stress response survival mechanism that helps the cells to cope with PDT-induced damage, resulting in resistance to the treatment. One preferred mechanism of cell death induced by PDT is apoptosis, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins have been described as a major determinant of life or death decision of the death pathways. Apoptosis is a cellular self-destruction mechanism to remove old cells through the biological event of tissue homeostasis. The Bcl-2 family proteins act as a critical mediator of a life–death decision of cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis. There are several reports that show cancer cells developing resistance due to the increased interaction of the pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins. However, the key mechanisms leading to apoptosis evasion and drug resistance have not been adequately understood. Therefore, it is critical to understand the mechanisms of PDT resistance, as well as the Bcl-2 family proteins, to give more insight into the treatment outcomes. In this review, we describe the role of Bcl-2 gene family proteins’ interaction in response to disease progression and PDT-induced resistance mechanisms.
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Role of Photoactive Phytocompounds in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

- Muniyandi, Kasipandi, George, Blassan, Parimelazhagan, Thangaraj, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Muniyandi, Kasipandi , George, Blassan , Parimelazhagan, Thangaraj , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Photodynamic therapy , Cancer , Photosensitiser
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/442562 , uj:38610
  • Description: Abstract: , Cancer is one of the greatest life-threatening diseases conventionally treated using chemoand radio-therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to eradicate different types of cancers. PDT requires the administration of photosensitisers (PSs) and photoactivation using a specific wavelength of light in the presence of molecular oxygen. This photoactivation exerts an anticancer effect via apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy of cancer cells. Recently, various natural compounds that exhibit photosensitising potentials have been identified. Photoactive substances derived from medicinal plants have been found to be safe in comparison with synthetic compounds. Many articles have focused on PDT mechanisms and types of PSs, but limited attention has been paid to the phototoxic activities of phytocompounds. The reduced toxicity and side effects of natural compounds inspire the researchers to identify and use plant extracts or phytocompounds as a potent naturalPScandidateforPDT.Thisreviewfocussesontheimportanceofcommonphotoactivegroups (furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, curcumins, alkaloids, and anthraquinones), their phototoxic effects, anticancer activity and use as a potent PS for an effective PDT outcome in the treatment of various cancers.
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Selective laser efficiency of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles by aloe arborescens and its wound healing activities in normal wounded and diabetic wounded fibroblast cells : in vitro studies

- Dhilip Kumar, Sathish Sundar, Houreld, Nicolette Nadene, Abrahamse, Heidi

Genetic aberrations associated with photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer cells

- Abrahamse, Heidi, Houreld, Nicolette Nadene

  • Authors: Abrahamse, Heidi , Houreld, Nicolette Nadene
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Photodynamic therapy, Colorectal cancer, Zinc phthalocyanine;
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/396389 , uj:32909 , Citation : Abrahamse, H. 2019. Genetic aberrations associated with photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer cells @ Houreld, N.N. , http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133254
  • Description: Abstract : Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment modality that utilizes three components: light (λ 650–750 nm), a photosensitizer (PS) and molecular oxygen, which upon activation renders the modality effective. Colorectal cancer has one of the highest incident rates as well as a high mortality rate worldwide. In this study, a zinc (Zn) metal-based phthalocyanine (ZnPcSmix) PS was used to determine its efficacy for the treatment of colon adenocarcinoma cells (DLD-1 and Caco-2). Photoactivation of the PS was achieved by laser irradiation at a wavelength of 680 nm. Dose responses were performed to establish optimal PS concentration and irradiation fluence. A working combination of 20 µM ZnPcSmix and 5 J/cm2 was used. Biochemical responses were determined after 1 or 24 h incubation post-treatment. Since ZnPcSmix is localized in lysosomes and mitochondria, mitochondrial destabilization analysis was performed monitoring mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Cytosolic acidification was determined measuring hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in the cytoplasm. Having established apoptotic cell death induction, an apoptosis PCR array was performed to establish the apoptotic mechanism. In DLD-1 cells, expression of genes included 3 up-regulated and 20 down-regulated genes while in Caco-2 cells, there were 16 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated genes. In both cell lines, in up-regulated genes, there was a combination of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes that were significantly expressed. Gene expression results showed that more tumorigenic cells (DLD-1) went through apoptosis; however, they exhibit increased risk of resistance and recurrence, while less tumorigenic Caco-2 cells responded better to PDT, thus being suggestive of a better prognosis post-PDT treatment. In addition, the possible apoptotic mechanisms of cell death were deduced based on the genetic expression profiling of regulatory apoptotic inducing factors.
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Targeted photodynamic therapy as potential treatment modality for the eradicaiton of colon cancer

- Kruger, Cherie Ann, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Kruger, Cherie Ann , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Colorectal cancer , Photodynamic therapy , Photosensitizer
  • Language: English
  • Type: Book chapter
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/407617 , uj:34318 , Citation: Kruger, C.A., Abrahamse, H. 2019: Targeted photodynamic therapy as potential treatment modality for the eradicaiton of colon cancer.
  • Description: Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). When a photosensitizer (PS) drug is administered to a patient, it can either passively or actively accumulate within a tumor site and once exposed to a specific wavelength of light, it is excited to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in tumor destruction. However, the efficacy of ROS generation for tumor damage is highly dependent on the uptake of the PS in tumor cells. Thus, PS targeted uptake and delivery in CRC tumor cells is a crucial factor in PDT cancer drug absorption studies. Generally, within non-targeted drug delivery mechanisms, only minor amounts of PS passively accumulate in tumor sites and the remainder distributes into healthy tissues, causing unwanted side effects. To improve the efficacy of PDT research is currently focused on the development of specific receptor based photosynthetic nanocarrier platform drugs, which promote the active uptake and absorption of PS drugs in CRC tumor sites only, avoiding unwanted side effects, as well as treatment enhancement. This chapter will focus on current actively targeted PS nanoparticle drug delivery systems, which have been investigated for the PDT treatment of CRC cancer.
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Targeted photodynamic therapy treatment of in vitro A375 metastatic melanoma cells

- Naidoo, Channay, Kruger, Cherie Ann, Abrahamse, Heidi

  • Authors: Naidoo, Channay , Kruger, Cherie Ann , Abrahamse, Heidi
  • Date: 2019
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/401324 , uj:33533 , Citation: Naidoo, C., Kruger, C.A. & Abrahamse, H. 2019. Targeted photodynamic therapy treatment of in vitro A375 metastatic melanoma cells. Oncotarget, 10(58):6079-6095.
  • Description: Abstract: Metastatic Melanoma (MM) is a deadly form of skin cancer and many photodynamic therapy (PDT) studies have noted limitations in relation to effective photosensitizer (PS) drug uptake in tumors. The focus of this study was to develop a PS multicomponent nanoparticle drug conjugate carrier system which specifically targets MM cells via biomarkers to actively enhance PS delivery and so improve MM PDT. An antibody-metallated phthalocyanine-polyethylene glycol-gold nanoparticle drug conjugate, was successfully synthesized and characterized. PS active drug targeting PDT experiments at 673 nm were conducted within in vitro cultured MM. Results noted that this drug conjugate enhanced the PDT treatment of MM, through improved subcellular localization of the PS, as well as noted significantly improved cytotoxic and late apoptotic cellular death in cells. The results from this study demonstrate that through the bio-active antibody PS drug targeting of MM, the efficacy of PDT treatment for this cancer can be enhanced.
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The influence of light on reactive oxygen species and NF-êB in disease progression

- Rajendran, Naresh Kumar, George, Blassan P., Chandran, Rahul, Tynga, Ivan Mfouo, Houreld, Nicolette, Abrahamse, Heidi

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