Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of how the Islamic State/Da’esh and Hizb ut-Tahrir
Indonesia manipulate conflicting social, cultural and religious values as part of their socially mediated
terrorism. It focusses on three case studies: (1) the attacks in Paris, France on 13 November 2015;
(2) the destruction of cultural heritage sites in Iraq and Syria; and (3) the struggle between nationalist
values and extreme Islamic values in Indonesia. The case studies were chosen as a basis for identifying
global commonalities as well as regional differences in socially mediated terrorism. They are located
in Asia, the Middle East and Europe. The integrated analysis of these case studies identifies significant
trends and suggests actions that could lessen the impact of strategies deployed by extremist groups
such as Da’esh, al-Qaeda and Hizb ut-Tahrir. We discuss the broader implications for understanding
various aspects of socially mediated terrorism.